neato(1)

1DOT(1)                      General Commands Manual                     DOT(1)
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NAME

6       dot - filter for drawing directed graphs
7       neato - filter for drawing undirected graphs
8       twopi - filter for radial layouts of graphs
9       circo - filter for circular layout of graphs
10       fdp - filter for drawing undirected graphs
11       sfdp - filter for drawing large undirected graphs
12

SYNOPSIS

14       dot  [-(G|N|E)name=value]  [-Tlang]  [-llibfile] [-ooutfile] [-Klayout]
15       [-O]  [-P]  [-v]  [-V]  [-Lg]  [-LO]  [-Lniter]  [-LUfuns]   [-LCfover]
16       [-LT[*]ftemp] [-c] [-m] [-qlevel] [-sfscale] [-y] [files]
17       neato  [-(G|N|E)name=value]  [-Tlang] [-llibfile] [-n[1|2]] [-ooutfile]
18       [-Klayout] [-O] [-P] [-v] [-V] [files]
19       twopi [-(G|N|E)name=value] [-Tlang] [-llibfile] [-ooutfile]  [-Klayout]
20       [-O] [-P] [-v] [-V] [files]
21       circo  [-(G|N|E)name=value] [-Tlang] [-llibfile] [-ooutfile] [-Klayout]
22       [-O] [-P] [-v] [-V] [files]
23       fdp [-(G|N|E)name=value] [-Tlang]  [-llibfile]  [-ooutfile]  [-Klayout]
24       [-O] [-P] [-v] [-V] [files]
25       sfdp  [-(G|N|E)name=value]  [-Tlang] [-llibfile] [-ooutfile] [-Klayout]
26       [-O] [-P] [-v] [-V] [files]
27

DESCRIPTION

29       dot draws directed graphs.  It works well on DAGs and other graphs that
30       can  be  drawn  as  hierarchies.   It  reads attributed graph files and
31       writes drawings.  By default, the output format dot is the  input  file
32       with layout coordinates appended.
33
34       neato  draws  undirected graphs using ``spring'' models (see Kamada and
35       Kawai, Information Processing Letters 31:1, April 1989).   Input  files
36       must  be  formatted  in the dot attributed graph language.  By default,
37       the output  of  neato  is  the  input  graph  with  layout  coordinates
38       appended.
39
40       twopi  draws  graphs  using a radial layout (see G. Wills, Symposium on
41       Graph Drawing GD'97, September, 1997).  Basically, one node  is  chosen
42       as the center and put at the origin.  The remaining nodes are placed on
43       a sequence of concentric circles centered  about  the  origin,  each  a
44       fixed  radial  distance from the previous circle.  All nodes distance 1
45       from the center are placed on the first circle; all  nodes  distance  1
46       from a node on the first circle are placed on the second circle; and so
47       forth.
48
49       circo draws graphs using a circular layout (see Six and Tollis, GD  '99
50       and  ALENEX  '99, and Kaufmann and Wiese, GD '02.)  The tool identifies
51       biconnected components and draws the nodes of the component on  a  cir‐
52       cle.  The block‐cutpoint tree is then laid out using a recursive radial
53       algorithm. Edge crossings within a circle are minimized by  placing  as
54       many  edges  on  the circle's perimeter as possible.  In particular, if
55       the component is outerplanar, the component will have a planar layout.
56
57       If a node belongs to multiple non‐trivial biconnected  components,  the
58       layout puts the node in one of them. By default, this is the first non‐
59       trivial component found in the search from the root component.
60
61       fdp draws undirected graphs using a ``spring'' model. It  relies  on  a
62       force‐directed  approach in the spirit of Fruchterman and Reingold (cf.
63       Software‐Practice & Experience 21(11), 1991, pp. 1129‐1164).
64
65       sfdp also draws undirected graphs using the ``spring'' model  described
66       above,  but  it uses a multi-scale approach to produce layouts of large
67       graphs in a reasonably short time.
68

OUTPUT FORMATS

70       Dot uses an extensible plugin mechanism for its output renderers, so to
71       see  what  output formats your installation of dot supports you can use
72       ``dot -Txxx'' (where xxx is an unlikely format) and check  the  warning
73       message.   Also, The plugin mechanism supports multiple implementations
74       of the output formats.  To see what variants are  available,  use,  for
75       example:  ``dot  -Tpng:''  and  to force a particular variant, use, for
76       example: ``dot -Tpng:gd''
77
78       Traditionally, dot supports the  following:  -Tps  (PostScript),  -Tsvg
79       -Tsvgz  (Structured  Vector  Graphics),  -Tfig  (XFIG  graphics), -Tmif
80       (FrameMaker graphics), -Thpgl (HP pen plotters),  and  -Tpcl  (Laserjet
81       printers),  -Tpng -Tgif (bitmap graphics), -Tdia (GTK+ based diagrams),
82       -Timap (imagemap files for httpd servers for each node or edge that has
83       a non‐null "href" attribute.), -Tcmapx (client‐side imagemap for use in
84       html and xhtml).  Additional less common or more special‐purpose output
85       formats   can  be  found  at  http://www.graphviz.org/cvs/doc/info/out‐
86       put.html.)
87
88       Alternative plugins providing support for a given output format can  be
89       found from the error message resulting from appending a ':' to the for‐
90       mat. e.g. -Tpng: The first plugin listed is always the default.
91
92       The -P switch can be used to produce a graph  of  all  output  variants
93       supported by plugins in the local installation of graphviz.
94

GRAPH FILE LANGUAGE

96       Here  is  a  synopsis  of  the  graph file language, normally using the
97       extension .gv, for graphs:
98
99       [strict] (graph|digraph) name { statement‐list }
100       Is the top level graph. If the graph is strict then multiple edges  are
101       not  allowed  between  the  same  pairs  of nodes.  If it is a directed
102       graph, indicated by digraph, then the edgeop must be "->". If it is  an
103       undirected graph then the edgeop must be "--".  Statements may be:
104
105       name=val;
106       node [name=val];
107       edge [name=val];
108       Set  default graph, node, or edge attribute name to val.  Any subgraph,
109       node, or edge appearing after this inherits the new default attributes.
110
111       n0 [name0=val0,name1=val1,...]; Creates node n0 (if it does not already
112       exist) and sets its attributes according to the optional list.
113
114       n0 edgeop n1 edgeop ... edgeop nn [name0=val0,name1=val1,...];
115       Creates  edges  between nodes n0, n1, ..., nn and sets their attributes
116       according to the optional list.  Creates nodes as necessary.
117
118       [subgraph name] { statement‐list }
119       Creates a subgraph.  Subgraphs may be used in place of n0, ...,  nn  in
120       the  above statements to create edges.  [subgraph name] is optional; if
121       missing, the subgraph is assigned an internal name.
122
123       Comments may be /*C‐like*/ or //C++‐like.
124
125
126       Attribute names and values are ordinary (C‐style) strings.  The follow‐
127       ing sections describe attributes that control graph layout.
128
129

GRAPH ATTRIBUTES

131       size="x,y" sets bounding box of drawing in inches.
132
133       page="x,y" sets the PostScript pagination unit.
134
135       ratio=f  sets  the aspect ratio to f which may be a floating point num‐
136       ber, or one of the keywords fill, compress, or auto.
137
138       layout=engine indicates the preferred layout  engine  ("dot",  "neato",
139       fdp"  etc)  overriding  the default from the basename of the command or
140       the -K commandline option.
141
142       margin=f sets the page margin (included in the page size).
143
144       nodesep=f sets the minimum separation between nodes.
145
146       ranksep=f sets the minimum separation between ranks.
147
148       ordering=out constrains order of out‐edges in a subgraph  according  to
149       their file sequence.
150
151       rankdir=LR|RL|BT requests a left‐to‐right, right‐to‐left, or bottom‐to‐
152       top, drawing.
153
154       pagedir=[TBLR][TBLR] sets the major and minor order of pagination.
155
156       rank=same (or min or max) in a subgraph constrains the rank  assignment
157       of  its nodes.   If a subgraph's name has the prefix cluster, its nodes
158       are drawn in a distinct rectangle  of  the  layout.   Clusters  may  be
159       nested.
160
161       rotate=90  sets landscape mode.  (orientation=land is backward compati‐
162       ble but obsolete.)
163
164       center=n a non‐zero value centers the drawing on the page.
165
166       nslimit=f or mclimit=f adjusts the bound on the number of network  sim‐
167       plex   or  mincross  iterations  by  the  given  ratio.   For  example,
168       mclimit=2.0 runs twice as long.
169
170       layers="id:id:id:id" is a sequence of  layer  identifiers  for  overlay
171       diagrams.  The PostScript array variable layercolorseq sets the assign‐
172       ment of colors to layers. The least index is 1 and each element must be
173       a 3‐element array to be interpreted as a color coordinate.
174
175       color=colorvalue sets foreground color (bgcolor for background).
176
177       href="url"  the  default  url for image map files; in PostScript files,
178       the base URL for all relative URLs, as recognized by Acrobat  Distiller
179       3.0 and up.
180
181       URL="url" ("URL" is a synonym for "href".)
182
183       stylesheet="file.css" includes a reference to a stylesheet in -Tsvg and
184       -Tsvgz outputs.  Ignored by other formats.
185
186       splines. If set to true, edges are drawn as splines.  If set  to  poly‐
187       line,  edges  are drawn as polylines.  If set to ortho, edges are drawn
188       as orthogonal polylines.  In all of these  cases,  the  nodes  may  not
189       overlap.   If  splines=false  or  splines=line, edges are drawn as line
190       segments.  The default is true for dot, and false for  all  other  lay‐
191       outs.
192
193
194       (neato‐specific attributes)
195       start=val.  Requests random initial placement and seeds the random num‐
196       ber generator.  If val is not an integer, the  process  ID  or  current
197       time is used as the seed.
198
199       epsilon=n.  Sets the cutoff for the solver.  The default is 0.1.
200
201
202       (twopi‐specific attributes)
203       root=ctr.  This specifies the node to be used as the center of the lay‐
204       out. If not specified, twopi will randomly pick one of the  nodes  that
205       are furthest from a leaf node, where a leaf node is a node of degree 1.
206       If no leaf nodes exists, an arbitrary node is picked as center.
207
208       ranksep=val. Specifies  the  radial  distance  in  inches  between  the
209       sequence of rings. The default is 0.75.
210
211       overlap=mode. This specifies what twopi should do if any nodes overlap.
212       If mode is "false", the program uses Voronoi  diagrams  to  adjust  the
213       nodes  to  eliminate  overlaps.  If mode is "scale", the layout is uni‐
214       formly scaled up, preserving node sizes, until nodes no longer overlap.
215       The  latter  technique  removes  overlaps while preserving symmetry and
216       structure,  while  the  former  removes  overlaps  more  compactly  but
217       destroys symmetries.  If mode is "true" (the default), no repositioning
218       is done.
219
220
221       (circo‐specific attributes)
222       root=nodename. Specifies the name of  a  node  occurring  in  the  root
223       block.  If  the  graph  is disconnected, the root node attribute can be
224       used to specify additional root blocks.
225
226       mindist=value. Sets the minimum separation between all  nodes.  If  not
227       specified then circo uses a default value of 1.0.
228
229
230       (fdp‐specific attributes)
231       K=val. Sets the default ideal node separation in the layout.
232
233       maxiter=val.  Sets  the maximum number of iterations used to layout the
234       graph.
235
236       start=val. Adjusts the random initial placement of nodes with no speci‐
237       fied position.  If val is is an integer, it is used as the seed for the
238       random number generator.  If val is not an integer,  a  random  system‐
239       generated  integer,  such as the process ID or current time, is used as
240       the seed.
241

NODE ATTRIBUTES

243       height=d or width=d  sets  minimum  height  or  width.   Adding  fixed‐
244       size=true forces these to be the actual size (text labels are ignored).
245
246       shape=record polygon epsf builtin_polygon
247       builtin_polygon  is  one of: plaintext ellipse oval circle egg triangle
248       box diamond trapezium parallelogram  house  hexagon  octagon  note  tab
249       box3d  component.   (Polygons  are defined or modified by the following
250       node attributes: regular, peripheries, sides,  orientation,  distortion
251       and  skew.)   epsf uses the node's shapefile attribute as the path name
252       of an external EPSF file to be automatically loaded for the node shape.
253
254       label=text where text may include escaped newlines \n, \l,  or  \r  for
255       center, left, and right justified lines.  The string '\N' value will be
256       replaced by the node name.  The string '\G' value will be  replaced  by
257       the  graph  name.  Record labels may contain recursive box lists delim‐
258       ited by { | }.  Port identifiers in labels are set off by angle  brack‐
259       ets < >.  In the graph file, use colon (such as, node0:port28).
260
261       fontsize=n sets the label type size to n points.
262
263       fontname=name sets the label font family name.
264
265       color=colorvalue  sets the outline color, and the default fill color if
266       style=filled and fillcolor is not specified.
267
268       fillcolor=colorvalue sets the fill color  when  style=filled.   If  not
269       specified,  the  fillcolor when style=filled defaults to be the same as
270       the outline color.
271
272       fontcolor=colorvalue sets the label text color.
273
274       A colorvalue may be  "h,s,v"  (hue,  saturation,  brightness)  floating
275       point numbers between 0 and 1, or an X11 color name such as white black
276       red green blue yellow magenta cyan or burlywood, or a  "#rrggbb"  (red,
277       green, blue, 2 hex characters each) value.
278
279       style=filled solid dashed dotted bold invis or any Postscript code.
280
281       layer=id  or  id:id  or "all" sets the node's active layers.  The empty
282       string means no layers (invisible).
283
284       The following attributes apply only to polygon shape nodes:
285
286       regular=n if n is non‐zero then the polygon is made regular, i.e.  sym‐
287       metric  about  the  x  and  y  axis, otherwise the polygon takes on the
288       aspect ratio of the label.  builtin_polygons that are not already regu‐
289       lar  are  made  regular  by  this attribute.  builtin_polygons that are
290       already regular are not affected (i.e.  they cannot  be  made  asymmet‐
291       ric).
292
293       peripheries=n sets the number of periphery lines drawn around the poly‐
294       gon.   This  value  supersedes  the  number  of  periphery   lines   of
295       builtin_polygons.
296
297       sides=n  sets  the  number  of  sides to the polygon. n<3 results in an
298       ellipse.  This attribute is ignored by builtin_polygons.
299
300       orientation=f sets the orientation of the first  apex  of  the  polygon
301       counterclockwise  from  the  vertical, in degrees.  f may be a floating
302       point number.  The orientation  of  labels  is  not  affected  by  this
303       attribute.   This  attribute  is  added  to  the initial orientation of
304       builtin_polygons.
305
306       distortion=f sets the amount of broadening of the top and narrowing  of
307       the  bottom  of  the  polygon  (relative to its orientation).  Floating
308       point values between -1  and  +1  are  suggested.   This  attribute  is
309       ignored by builtin_polygons.
310
311       skew=f  sets  the amount of right‐displacement of the top and left‐dis‐
312       placement of the bottom of the polygon (relative to  its  orientation).
313       Floating  point values between -1 and +1 are suggested.  This attribute
314       is ignored by builtin_polygons.
315
316       href="url" sets the url for the node in imagemap,  PostScript  and  SVG
317       files.  The substrings '\N' and '\G' are substituted in the same manner
318       as for the node label attribute.  Additionally the  substring  '\L'  is
319       substituted with the node label string.
320
321       URL="url" ("URL" is a synonym for "href".)
322
323       target="target"  is  a target string for client‐side imagemaps and SVG,
324       effective when nodes have a URL.  The target string is used  to  deter‐
325       mine  which  window  of the browser is used for the URL.  Setting it to
326       "_graphviz" will open a new window if it doesn't already exist, or  re‐
327       use it if it does.  If the target string is empty, the default, then no
328       target attribute is included in the output.  The  substrings  '\N'  and
329       '\G'  are  substituted  in  the  same  manner  as  for  the  node label
330       attribute.  Additionally the substring '\L'  is  substituted  with  the
331       node label string.
332
333       tooltip="tooltip"  is  a  tooltip  string for client‐side imagemaps and
334       SVG, effective when nodes have a URL.  The tooltip string  defaults  to
335       be the same as the label string, but this attribute permits nodes with‐
336       out labels to still have tooltips thus permitting denser  graphs.   The
337       substrings  '\N' and '\G' are substituted in the same manner as for the
338       node label attribute.  Additionally the substring '\L'  is  substituted
339       with the node label string.
340
341
342       (circo‐specific attributes)
343       root=true/false.  This  specifies  that  the block containing the given
344       node be treated as the root of the spanning tree in the layout.
345
346
347       (fdp‐specific attributes)
348       pin=val. If val is "true", the node will remain at  its  initial  posi‐
349       tion.
350
351

EDGE ATTRIBUTES

353       minlen=n  where  n is an integer factor that applies to the edge length
354       (ranks for normal edges, or minimum node separation for flat edges).
355
356       weight=n where n is the integer cost of the edge.  Values greater  than
357       1 tend to shorten the edge.  Weight 0 flat edges are ignored for order‐
358       ing nodes.
359
360       label=text where text may include escaped newlines \n, \l,  or  \r  for
361       centered,  left,  or  right  justified lines.  If the substring '\T' is
362       found in a label it will be replaced by the  tail_node  name.   If  the
363       substring '\H' is found in a label it will be replaced by the head_node
364       name.  If the substring '\E' value is found  in  a  label  it  will  be
365       replaced  by:  tail_node_name->head_node_name  If the substring '\G' is
366       found in a label it will  be  replaced  by  the  graph  name.   or  by:
367       tail_node_name--head_node_name for undirected graphs.
368
369       fontsize=n sets the label type size to n points.
370
371       fontname=name sets the label font family name.
372
373       fontcolor=colorvalue sets the label text color.
374
375       style=solid dashed dotted bold invis
376
377       color=colorvalue sets the line color for edges.
378
379       color=colorvaluelist  a ':' separated list of colorvalue creates paral‐
380       lel edges, one edge for each color.
381
382       dir=forward back both none controls arrow direction.
383
384       tailclip,headclip=false disables endpoint shape clipping.
385
386       href="url" sets the url for the node in imagemap,  PostScript  and  SVG
387       files.  The substrings '\T', '\H', '\E' and '\G' are substituted in the
388       same manner as for the edge label  attribute.   Additionally  the  sub‐
389       string '\L' is substituted with the edge label string.
390
391       URL="url" ("URL" is a synonym for "href".)
392
393       target="target"  is  a target string for client‐side imagemaps and SVG,
394       effective when edges have a URL.  If the target string  is  empty,  the
395       default,  then no target attribute is included in the output.  The sub‐
396       strings '\T', '\H', '\E' and '\G' are substituted in the same manner as
397       for  the edge label attribute.  Additionally the substring '\L' is sub‐
398       stituted with the edge label string.
399
400       tooltip="tooltip" is a tooltip string for client‐side imagemaps  effec‐
401       tive when edges have a URL.  The tooltip string defaults to be the same
402       as the edge label string.  The substrings '\T', '\H', '\E' and '\G' are
403       substituted  in the same manner as for the edge label attribute.  Addi‐
404       tionally the substring '\L' is substituted with the edge label string.
405
406       arrowhead,arrowtail=none, normal, inv, dot, odot, invdot, invodot, tee,
407       empty, invempty, open, halfopen, diamond, odiamond, box, obox, crow.
408
409       arrowsize                                 (norm_length=10,norm_width=5,
410       inv_length=6,inv_width=7,dot_radius=2)
411
412       headlabel,taillabel=string for port labels.   labelfontcolor,labelfont‐
413       name,labelfontsize  for  head  and  tail  labels.  The substrings '\T',
414       '\H', '\E' and '\G' are substituted in the same manner as for the  edge
415       label  attribute.   Additionally the substring '\L' is substituted with
416       the edge label string.
417
418       headhref="url" sets the url for the head port in  imagemap,  PostScript
419       and  SVG  files.   The substrings '\T', '\H', '\E' and '\G' are substi‐
420       tuted in the same manner as for the edge label attribute.  Additionally
421       the substring '\L' is substituted with the edge label string.
422
423       headURL="url" ("headURL" is a synonym for "headhref".)
424
425       headtarget="headtarget"  is  a  target string for client‐side imagemaps
426       and SVG, effective when edge heads have a URL.  The  headtarget  string
427       is  used  to determine which window of the browser is used for the URL.
428       If the  headtarget  string  is  empty,  the  default,  then  headtarget
429       defaults  to  the  same  value  as target for the edge.  The substrings
430       '\T', '\H', '\E' and '\G' are substituted in the same manner as for the
431       edge  label  attribute.  Additionally the substring '\L' is substituted
432       with the edge label string.
433
434       headtooltip="tooltip" is a tooltip  string  for  client‐side  imagemaps
435       effective  when  head ports have a URL.  The tooltip string defaults to
436       be the same as the headlabel string.  The substrings  '\T',  '\H',  and
437       '\E'  are  substituted  in  the  same  manner  as  for  the  edge label
438       attribute.  Additionally the substring '\L'  is  substituted  with  the
439       edge label string.
440
441       tailhref="url"  sets  the url for the tail port in imagemap, PostScript
442       and SVG files.  The substrings '\T', '\H', '\E' and  '\G'  are  substi‐
443       tuted in the same manner as for the edge label attribute.  Additionally
444       the substring '\L' is substituted with the edge label string.
445
446       tailURL="url" ("tailURL" is a synonym for "tailhref".)
447
448       tailtarget="tailtarget" is a target string  for  client‐side  imagemaps
449       and  SVG,  effective when edge tails have a URL.  The tailtarget string
450       is used to determine which window of the browser is used for  the  URL.
451       If  the  tailtarget  string  is  empty,  the  default,  then tailtarget
452       defaults to the same value as target  for  the  edge.   The  substrings
453       '\T', '\H', '\E' and '\G' are substituted in the same manner as for the
454       edge label attribute.  Additionally the substring '\L'  is  substituted
455       with the edge label string.
456
457       tailtooltip="tooltip"  is  a  tooltip  string for client‐side imagemaps
458       effective when tail ports have a URL.  The tooltip string  defaults  to
459       be  the  same as the taillabel string.  The substrings '\T', '\H', '\E'
460       and '\G' are substituted in the same  manner  as  for  the  edge  label
461       attribute.   Additionally  the  substring  '\L' is substituted with the
462       edge label string.
463
464       labeldistance and port_label_distance set distance; also labelangle (in
465       degrees CCW)
466
467       decorate draws line from edge to label.
468
469       samehead,sametail  aim  edges  having  the same value to the same port,
470       using the average landing point.
471
472       constraint=false causes an edge to be ignored for rank assignment.
473
474       layer=id or id:id or "all" sets the edge's active  layers.   The  empty
475       string means no layers (invisible).
476
477
478       (neato‐specific attributes)
479       w=f  sets the weight (spring constant) of an edge to the given floating
480       point value.  The default is 1.0; greater values  make  the  edge  tend
481       more toward its optimal length.
482
483       len=f sets the optimal length of an edge.  The default is 1.0.
484
485       (fdp‐specific attributes)
486       weight=f  sets the weight of an edge to the given floating point value.
487       The default is 1.0; greater values make the edge tend more  toward  its
488       optimal length.
489

COMMAND LINE OPTIONS

491       -G sets a default graph attribute.
492       -N sets a default node attribute.
493       -E  sets  a  default edge attribute.  Example: -Gsize="7,8" -Nshape=box
494       -Efontsize=8
495
496       -lfile loads custom PostScript library  files.   Usually  these  define
497       custom  shapes  or  styles.   If  -l  is  given by itself, the standard
498       library is omitted.
499
500       -Tlang sets the output language as described above.
501
502
503       -n[1|2] (no‐op) If set, neato assumes nodes  have  already  been  posi‐
504       tioned  and  all  nodes  have a pos attribute giving the positions.  It
505       then performs an  optional  adjustment  to  remove  node‐node  overlap,
506       depending on the value of the overlap attribute, computes the edge lay‐
507       outs, depending on the value of the splines attribute,  and  emits  the
508       graph  in  the  appropriate  format.  If num is supplied, the following
509       actions occur:
510           num = 1
511       Equivalent to -n.
512           num > 1
513       Use node positions as specified, with no adjustment to remove node‐node
514       overlaps,  and  use  any  edge  layouts  already  specified  by the pos
515       attribute.  neato computes an edge layout for any edge  that  does  not
516       have  a  pos attribute.  As usual, edge layout is guided by the splines
517       attribute.
518
519       -Klayout override the default layout  engine  implied  by  the  command
520       name.
521
522       -O  automatically generate output filenames based on the input filename
523       and the -T format.
524
525       -P generate a graph of the currently available plugins.
526
527       -v (verbose) prints various information useful for debugging.
528
529       -Lg do not use grid.
530
531       -LO use old attractive force.
532
533       -Lniter set number of iterations to iter.
534
535       -LUfuns set unscaled factor to funs.
536
537       -LCfover set overlap expansion factor to fover.
538
539       -LT[*]ftemp set temperature factor to ftemp.
540
541       -c configure plugins (write $prefix/lib/graphviz/config).
542
543       -m memory test (observe no growth with top, kill when done).
544
545       -qlevel set level of message suppression, the default is 1.
546
547       -sfscale scale input by fscale, the default is 72.
548
549       -y invert y coordinate in output.
550
551       -V (version) prints version information and exits.
552
553       -? prints the usage and exits.
554

EXAMPLES

556       digraph test123 {
557               a -> b -> c;
558               a -> {x y};
559               b [shape=box];
560               c [label="hello\nworld",color=blue,fontsize=24,
561                    fontname="Palatino-Italic",fontcolor=red,style=filled];
562               a -> z [label="hi", weight=100];
563               x -> z [label="multi-line\nlabel"];
564               edge [style=dashed,color=red];
565               b -> x;
566               {rank=same; b x}
567       }
568
569       graph test123 {
570               a -- b -- c;
571               a -- {x y};
572               x -- c [w=10.0];
573               x -- y [w=5.0,len=3];
574       }
575

CAVEATS

577       Edge splines can overlap unintentionally.
578
579       Flat edge labels are slightly broken.   Intercluster  edge  labels  are
580       totally broken.
581
582       Because unconstrained optimization is employed, node boxes can possibly
583       overlap or touch unrelated edges.  All existing spring  embedders  seem
584       to have this limitation.
585
586       Apparently  reasonable attempts to pin nodes or adjust edge lengths and
587       weights can cause instability.
588

AUTHORS

590       Stephen C. North <north@research.att.com>
591       Emden R. Gansner <erg@research.att.com>
592       John C. Ellson <ellson@research.att.com>
593
594       The  bitmap   driver   (PNG,   GIF   etc)   is   by   Thomas   Boutell,
595       <http://www.boutell.com/gd>
596
597       The  Truetype font renderer is from the Freetype Project (David Turner,
598       Robert  Wilhelm,  and  Werner  Lemberg)  (who  can  be   contacted   at
599       freetype-devel@lists.lrz-muenchen.de).
600