1SG_RAW(8) SG3_UTILS SG_RAW(8)
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6 sg_raw - send arbitrary SCSI command to a device
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9 sg_raw [OPTIONS] DEVICE CDB0 CDB1 ...
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12 This utility sends an arbitrary SCSI command (between 6 and 256 bytes)
13 to the DEVICE. There may be no associated data transfer; or data may be
14 read from a file and sent to the DEVICE; or data may be received from
15 the DEVICE and then displayed or written to a file. If supported by the
16 pass through, bidirectional commands may be sent (i.e. containing both
17 data to be sent to the DEVICE and received from the DEVICE).
18 The SCSI command may be between 6 and 256 bytes long. Each command byte
20 is specified in plain hex format (00..FF) without a prefix or suffix.
21 See EXAMPLES section below.
22 The commands pass through a generic SCSI interface which is implemented
24 for several operating systems including Linux, FreeBSD and Windows.
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27 Arguments to long options are mandatory for short options as well.
28 -b, --binary
30 Dump data in binary form, even when writing to stdout.
31 -h, --help
33 Display usage information and exit.
34 -i, --infile=IFILE
36 Read data from IFILE instead of stdin. This option is ignored if
37 --send is not specified.
38 -k, --skip=LEN
40 Skip the first LEN bytes of the input file or stream. This
41 option is ignored if --send is not specified.
42 -n, --nosense
44 Don't display SCSI Sense information.
45 -o, --outfile=OFILE
47 Write data received from the DEVICE to OFILE. The data is writ‐
48 ten in binary. By default, data is dumped in hex format to std‐
49 out. If OFILE is '-' then data is dumped in binary to stdout.
50 This option is ignored if --request is not specified.
51 -r, --request=RLEN
53 Expect to receive up to RLEN bytes of data from the DEVICE.
54 RLEN may be suffixed with 'k' to use kilobytes (1024 bytes)
55 instead of bytes.
56 -R, --readonly
58 Open DEVICE read-only. The default (without this option) is to
59 open it read-write.
60 -s, --send=SLEN
62 Read SLEN bytes of data, either from stdin or from a file, and
63 send them to the DEVICE.
64 -t, --timeout=SEC
66 Wait up to SEC seconds for command completion (default: 20).
67 Note that if a command times out the operating system may start
68 by aborting the command and if that is unsuccessful it may
69 attempt to reset the device.
70 -v, --verbose
72 Increase level of verbosity. Can be used multiple times.
73 -V, --version
75 Display version and license information and exit.
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78 The sg_inq utility can be used to send an INQUIRY command to a device
79 to determine its peripheral device type (e.g. '1' for a streaming
80 device (tape drive)) which determines which SCSI command sets a device
81 should support (e.g. SPC and SSC). The sg_vpd utility probes the Vital
82 Product Pages of a devices which may contain useful information.
83 The ability to send more than a 16 byte CDB (in some cases 12 byte CDB)
85 may be restricted by the pass-through interface, the low level driver
86 or the transport.
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89 These examples, apart from the last one, use Linux device names. For
90 suitable device names in other supported Operating Systems see the
91 sg3_utils(8) man page.
92 sg_raw /dev/scd0 1b 00 00 00 02 00
94 Eject the medium in CD drive /dev/scd0.
95 sg_raw -r 1k /dev/sg0 12 00 00 00 60 00
97 Perform an INQUIRY on /dev/sg0 and dump the response data (up to
98 1024 bytes) to stdout.
99 sg_raw -s 512 -i i512.bin /dev/sda 3b 02 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00
101 Showing an example of writing 512 bytes to a sector on a disk is
102 a little dangerous. Instead this example will read i512.bin
103 (assumed to be 512 bytes long) and use the SCSI WRITE BUFFER
104 command to send it to the "data" buffer (that is mode 2). This
105 is a safe operation.
106 sg_raw -r 512 -o o512.bin /dev/sda 3c 02 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00
108 This will use the SCSI READ BUFFER command to read 512 bytes
109 from the "data" buffer (i.e. mode 2) then write it to the
110 o512.bin file. When used in conjunction with the previous exam‐
111 ple, if both commands work then 'cmp i512.bin o512.bin' should
112 show a match.
113 sg_raw --infile=urandom.bin --send=512 --request=512 --outfile=out.bin
115 "/dev/bsg/7:0:0:0" 53 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00
116 This is a bidirectional XDREADWRITE(10) command being sent via a
117 Linux bsg device. Note that data is being read from "uran‐
118 dom.bin" and sent to the device (data-out) while resulting data
119 (data-in) is placed in the "out.bin" file. Also note the length
120 of both is 512 bytes which corresponds to the transfer length of
121 1 (block) in the cdb (i.e. the second last byte).
122 sg_raw.exe PhysicalDrive1 a1 0c 0e 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 00
124 This example is from Windows and shows a ATA STANDBY IMMEDIATE
125 command being sent to PhysicalDrive1. That ATA command is con‐
126 tained within the SCSI ATA PASS-THROUGH(12) command (see the SAT
127 or SAT-2 standard at http://www.t10.org). Notice that the
128 STANDBY IMMEDIATE command does not send or receive any addi‐
129 tional data, however if it fails sense data should be returned
130 and displayed.
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133 The exit status of sg_raw is 0 when it is successful. Otherwise see the
134 sg3_utils(8) man page.
135
137 Written by Ingo van Lil
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140 Report bugs to <inguin at gmx dot de>.
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143 Copyright © 2001-2012 Ingo van Lil
144 This software is distributed under the GPL version 2. There is NO war‐
145 ranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PUR‐
146 POSE.
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149 sg_inq, sg_vpd, sg3_utils (sg3_utils), plscsi
150sg3_utils-1.35 December 2012 SG_RAW(8)