1MDIG(1)                              BIND9                             MDIG(1)
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NAME

6       mdig - DNS pipelined lookup utility
7

SYNOPSIS

9       mdig {@server} [-f filename] [-h] [-v] [[-4] | [-6]] [-m] [-b address]
10            [-p port#] [-c class] [-t type] [-i] [-x addr] [plusopt...]
11
12       mdig {-h}
13
14       mdig [@server] {global-opt...} {{local-opt...} {query}...}
15

DESCRIPTION

17       mdig is a multiple/pipelined query version of dig: instead of waiting
18       for a response after sending each query, it begins by sending all
19       queries. Responses are displayed in the order in which they are
20       received, not in the order the corresponding queries were sent.
21
22       mdig options are a subset of the dig options, and are divided into
23       "anywhere options" which can occur anywhere, "global options" which
24       must occur before the query name (or they are ignored with a warning),
25       and "local options" which apply to the next query on the command line.
26
27       The {@server} option is a mandatory global option. It is the name or IP
28       address of the name server to query. (Unlike dig, this value is not
29       retrieved from /etc/resolv.conf.) It can be an IPv4 address in
30       dotted-decimal notation, an IPv6 address in colon-delimited notation,
31       or a hostname. When the supplied server argument is a hostname, mdig
32       resolves that name before querying the name server.
33
34       mdig provides a number of query options which affect the way in which
35       lookups are made and the results displayed. Some of these set or reset
36       flag bits in the query header, some determine which sections of the
37       answer get printed, and others determine the timeout and retry
38       strategies.
39
40       Each query option is identified by a keyword preceded by a plus sign
41       (+). Some keywords set or reset an option. These may be preceded by the
42       string no to negate the meaning of that keyword. Other keywords assign
43       values to options like the timeout interval. They have the form
44       +keyword=value.
45

ANYWHERE OPTIONS

47       The -f option makes mdig operate in batch mode by reading a list of
48       lookup requests to process from the file filename. The file contains a
49       number of queries, one per line. Each entry in the file should be
50       organized in the same way they would be presented as queries to mdig
51       using the command-line interface.
52
53       The -h causes mdig to print the detailed help with the full list of
54       options and exit.
55
56       The -v causes mdig to print the version number and exit.
57

GLOBAL OPTIONS

59       The -4 option forces mdig to only use IPv4 query transport.
60
61       The -6 option forces mdig to only use IPv6 query transport.
62
63       The -b option sets the source IP address of the query to address. This
64       must be a valid address on one of the host's network interfaces or
65       "0.0.0.0" or "::". An optional port may be specified by appending
66       "#<port>"
67
68       The -m option enables memory usage debugging.
69
70       The -p option is used when a non-standard port number is to be queried.
71       port# is the port number that mdig will send its queries instead of the
72       standard DNS port number 53. This option would be used to test a name
73       server that has been configured to listen for queries on a non-standard
74       port number.
75
76       The global query options are:
77
78       +[no]additional
79           Display [do not display] the additional section of a reply. The
80           default is to display it.
81
82       +[no]all
83           Set or clear all display flags.
84
85       +[no]answer
86           Display [do not display] the answer section of a reply. The default
87           is to display it.
88
89       +[no]authority
90           Display [do not display] the authority section of a reply. The
91           default is to display it.
92
93       +[no]besteffort
94           Attempt to display the contents of messages which are malformed.
95           The default is to not display malformed answers.
96
97       +[no]cl
98           Display [do not display] the CLASS when printing the record.
99
100       +[no]comments
101           Toggle the display of comment lines in the output. The default is
102           to print comments.
103
104       +[no]continue
105           Continue on errors (e.g. timeouts).
106
107       +[no]crypto
108           Toggle the display of cryptographic fields in DNSSEC records. The
109           contents of these field are unnecessary to debug most DNSSEC
110           validation failures and removing them makes it easier to see the
111           common failures. The default is to display the fields. When omitted
112           they are replaced by the string "[omitted]" or in the DNSKEY case
113           the key id is displayed as the replacement, e.g. "[ key id = value
114           ]".
115
116       +dscp[=value]
117           Set the DSCP code point to be used when sending the query. Valid
118           DSCP code points are in the range [0..63]. By default no code point
119           is explicitly set.
120
121       +[no]multiline
122           Print records like the SOA records in a verbose multi-line format
123           with human-readable comments. The default is to print each record
124           on a single line, to facilitate machine parsing of the mdig output.
125
126       +[no]question
127           Print [do not print] the question section of a query when an answer
128           is returned. The default is to print the question section as a
129           comment.
130
131       +[no]rrcomments
132           Toggle the display of per-record comments in the output (for
133           example, human-readable key information about DNSKEY records). The
134           default is not to print record comments unless multiline mode is
135           active.
136
137       +[no]short
138           Provide a terse answer. The default is to print the answer in a
139           verbose form.
140
141       +split=W
142           Split long hex- or base64-formatted fields in resource records into
143           chunks of W characters (where W is rounded up to the nearest
144           multiple of 4).  +nosplit or +split=0 causes fields not to be split
145           at all. The default is 56 characters, or 44 characters when
146           multiline mode is active.
147
148       +[no]tcp
149           Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. The default
150           behavior is to use UDP.
151
152       +[no]ttlid
153           Display [do not display] the TTL when printing the record.
154
155       +[no]ttlunits
156           Display [do not display] the TTL in friendly human-readable time
157           units of "s", "m", "h", "d", and "w", representing seconds,
158           minutes, hours, days and weeks. Implies +ttlid.
159
160       +[no]vc
161           Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. This alternate
162           syntax to +[no]tcp is provided for backwards compatibility. The
163           "vc" stands for "virtual circuit".
164

LOCAL OPTIONS

166       The -c option sets the query class to class. It can be any valid query
167       class which is supported in BIND 9. The default query class is "IN".
168
169       The -t option sets the query type to type. It can be any valid query
170       type which is supported in BIND 9. The default query type is "A",
171       unless the -x option is supplied to indicate a reverse lookup with the
172       "PTR" query type.
173
174       The -i option sets the reverse domain for IPv6 addresses to IP6.INT.
175
176       Reverse lookups — mapping addresses to names — are simplified by the -x
177       option.  addr is an IPv4 address in dotted-decimal notation, or a
178       colon-delimited IPv6 address.  mdig automatically performs a lookup for
179       a query name like 11.12.13.10.in-addr.arpa and sets the query type and
180       class to PTR and IN respectively. By default, IPv6 addresses are looked
181       up using nibble format under the IP6.ARPA domain. To use the older
182       RFC1886 method using the IP6.INT domain specify the -i option.
183
184       The local query options are:
185
186       +[no]aaflag
187           A synonym for +[no]aaonly.
188
189       +[no]aaonly
190           Sets the "aa" flag in the query.
191
192       +[no]adflag
193           Set [do not set] the AD (authentic data) bit in the query. This
194           requests the server to return whether all of the answer and
195           authority sections have all been validated as secure according to
196           the security policy of the server. AD=1 indicates that all records
197           have been validated as secure and the answer is not from a OPT-OUT
198           range. AD=0 indicate that some part of the answer was insecure or
199           not validated. This bit is set by default.
200
201       +bufsize=B
202           Set the UDP message buffer size advertised using EDNS0 to B bytes.
203           The maximum and minimum sizes of this buffer are 65535 and 0
204           respectively. Values outside this range are rounded up or down
205           appropriately. Values other than zero will cause a EDNS query to be
206           sent.
207
208       +[no]cdflag
209           Set [do not set] the CD (checking disabled) bit in the query. This
210           requests the server to not perform DNSSEC validation of responses.
211
212       +[no]cookie[=####]
213           Send a COOKIE EDNS option, with optional value. Replaying a COOKIE
214           from a previous response will allow the server to identify a
215           previous client. The default is +nocookie.
216
217       +[no]dnssec
218           Requests DNSSEC records be sent by setting the DNSSEC OK bit (DO)
219           in the OPT record in the additional section of the query.
220
221       +[no]edns[=#]
222           Specify the EDNS version to query with. Valid values are 0 to 255.
223           Setting the EDNS version will cause a EDNS query to be sent.
224           +noedns clears the remembered EDNS version. EDNS is set to 0 by
225           default.
226
227       +[no]ednsflags[=#]
228           Set the must-be-zero EDNS flags bits (Z bits) to the specified
229           value. Decimal, hex and octal encodings are accepted. Setting a
230           named flag (e.g. DO) will silently be ignored. By default, no Z
231           bits are set.
232
233       +[no]ednsopt[=code[:value]]
234           Specify EDNS option with code point code and optionally payload of
235           value as a hexadecimal string.  +noednsopt clears the EDNS options
236           to be sent.
237
238       +[no]expire
239           Send an EDNS Expire option.
240
241       +[no]nsid
242           Include an EDNS name server ID request when sending a query.
243
244       +[no]recurse
245           Toggle the setting of the RD (recursion desired) bit in the query.
246           This bit is set by default, which means mdig normally sends
247           recursive queries.
248
249       +retry=T
250           Sets the number of times to retry UDP queries to server to T
251           instead of the default, 2. Unlike +tries, this does not include the
252           initial query.
253
254       +[no]subnet=addr[/prefix-length]
255           Send (don't send) an EDNS Client Subnet option with the specified
256           IP address or network prefix.
257
258           mdig +subnet=0.0.0.0/0, or simply mdig +subnet=0 for short, sends
259           an EDNS client-subnet option with an empty address and a source
260           prefix-length of zero, which signals a resolver that the client's
261           address information must not be used when resolving this query.
262
263       +timeout=T
264           Sets the timeout for a query to T seconds. The default timeout is 5
265           seconds for UDP transport and 10 for TCP. An attempt to set T to
266           less than 1 will result in a query timeout of 1 second being
267           applied.
268
269       +tries=T
270           Sets the number of times to try UDP queries to server to T instead
271           of the default, 3. If T is less than or equal to zero, the number
272           of tries is silently rounded up to 1.
273
274       +udptimeout=T
275           Sets the timeout between UDP query retries.
276
277       +[no]unknownformat
278           Print all RDATA in unknown RR type presentation format (RFC 3597).
279           The default is to print RDATA for known types in the type's
280           presentation format.
281
282       +[no]zflag
283           Set [do not set] the last unassigned DNS header flag in a DNS
284           query. This flag is off by default.
285

SEE ALSO

287       dig(1), RFC1035.
288

AUTHOR

290       Internet Systems Consortium, Inc.
291
293       Copyright © 2015-2018 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
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297ISC                               2015-01-05                           MDIG(1)
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