1RRDGRAPH_GRAPH(1) rrdtool RRDGRAPH_GRAPH(1)
2
6 rrdgraph_graph - rrdtool graph command reference
7
9 PRINT:vname:format
10 GPRINT:vname:format
12 COMMENT:text
14 VRULE:time#color[:legend][:dashes[=on_s[,off_s[,on_s,off_s]...]][:dash-offset=offset]]
16 HRULE:value#color[:legend][:dashes[=on_s[,off_s[,on_s,off_s]...]][:dash-offset=offset]]
18 LINE[width]:value[#color][:[legend][:STACK]][:dashes[=on_s[,off_s[,on_s,off_s]...]][:dash-offset=offset]]
20 AREA:value[#color][:[legend][:STACK]]
22 TICK:vname#rrggbb[aa][:fraction[:legend]]
24 SHIFT:vname:offset
26 TEXTALIGN:{left|right|justified|center}
28 PRINT:vname:CF:format (deprecated)
30 GPRINT:vname:CF:format (deprecated)
32 STACK:vname#color[:legend] (deprecated)
34
36 These instructions allow you to generate your image or report. If you
37 don't use any graph elements, no graph is generated. Similarly, no
38 report is generated if you don't use print options.
39 PRINT
41 PRINT:vname:format[:strftime]
42 Depending on the context, either the value component or the time
44 component of a VDEF is printed using format. It is an error to specify
45 a vname generated by a DEF or CDEF.
46 Any text in format is printed literally with one exception: The percent
48 character introduces a formatter string. This string can be:
49 For printing values:
51 %% just prints a literal '%' character
53 %#.#le
55 prints numbers like 1.2346e+04. The optional integers # denote
56 field width and decimal precision.
57 %#.#lf
59 prints numbers like 12345.6789, with optional field width and
60 precision.
61 %s place this after %le, %lf or %lg. This will be replaced by the
63 appropriate SI magnitude unit and the value will be scaled
64 accordingly (123456 -> 123.456 k).
65 %S is similar to %s. It does, however, use a previously defined
67 magnitude unit. If there is no such unit yet, it tries to define
68 one (just like %s) unless the value is zero, in which case the
69 magnitude unit stays undefined. Thus, formatter strings using %S
70 and no %s will all use the same magnitude unit except for zero
71 values.
72 If you PRINT a VDEF value, you can also print the time associated with
74 it by appending the string :strftime to the format. Note that RRDtool
75 uses the strftime function of your OSs C library. This means that the
76 conversion specifier may vary. Check the manual page if you are
77 uncertain. The following is a list of conversion specifiers usually
78 supported across the board.
79 %a The abbreviated weekday name according to the current locale.
81 %A The full weekday name according to the current locale.
83 %b The abbreviated month name according to the current locale.
85 %B The full month name according to the current locale.
87 %c The preferred date and time representation for the current locale.
89 %d The day of the month as a decimal number (range 01 to 31).
91 %H The hour as a decimal number using a 24-hour clock (range 00 to
93 23).
94 %I The hour as a decimal number using a 12-hour clock (range 01 to
96 12).
97 %j The day of the year as a decimal number (range 001 to 366).
99 %m The month as a decimal number (range 01 to 12).
101 %M The minute as a decimal number (range 00 to 59).
103 %p Either `AM' or `PM' according to the given time value, or the
105 corresponding strings for the current locale. Noon is treated as
106 `pm' and midnight as `am'. Note that in many locales and `pm'
107 notation is unsupported and in such cases %p will return an empty
108 string.
109 %s The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 61).
111 %S The seconds since the epoch (1.1.1970) (libc dependent non
113 standard!)
114 %U The week number of the current year as a decimal number, range
116 00 to 53, starting with the first Sunday as the first day of week
117 01. See also %V and %W.
118 %V The ISO 8601:1988 week number of the current year as a decimal
120 number, range 01 to 53, where week 1 is the first week that has
121 at least 4 days in the current year, and with Monday as the first
122 day of the week. See also %U and %W.
123 %w The day of the week as a decimal, range 0 to 6, Sunday being 0.
125 See also %u.
126 %W The week number of the current year as a decimal number, range 00
128 to 53, starting with the first Monday as the first day of week
129 01.
130 %x The preferred date representation for the current locale without
132 the time.
133 %X The preferred time representation for the current locale without
135 the date.
136 %y The year as a decimal number without a century (range 00 to 99).
138 %Y The year as a decimal number including the century.
140 %Z The time zone or name or abbreviation.
142 %% A literal `%' character.
144 PRINT:vname:CF:format
146 Deprecated. Use the new form of this command in new scripts. The first
148 form of this command is to be used with CDEF vnames.
149 GRAPH
151 GPRINT:vname:format
152 This is the same as "PRINT", but printed inside the graph.
154 GPRINT:vname:CF:format
156 Deprecated. Use the new form of this command in new scripts. This is
158 the same as "PRINT", but printed inside the graph.
159 COMMENT:text
161 Text is printed literally in the legend section of the graph. Note that
163 in RRDtool 1.2 you have to escape colons in COMMENT text in the same
164 way you have to escape them in *PRINT commands by writing '\:'.
165 VRULE:time#color[:legend][:dashes[=on_s[,off_s[,on_s,off_s]...]][:dash-offset=offset]]
167 Draw a vertical line at time. Its color is composed from three
169 hexadecimal numbers specifying the rgb color components (00 is off, FF
170 is maximum) red, green and blue followed by an optional alpha.
171 Optionally, a legend box and string is printed in the legend section.
172 time may be a number or a variable from a VDEF. It is an error to use
173 vnames from DEF or CDEF here. Dashed lines can be drawn using the
174 dashes modifier. See LINE for more details.
175 HRULE:value#color[:legend][:dashes[=on_s[,off_s[,on_s,off_s]...]][:dash-offset=offset]]
177 Draw a horizontal line at value. HRULE acts much like LINE except that
179 will have no effect on the scale of the graph. If a HRULE is outside
180 the graphing area it will just not be visible.
181 LINE[width]:value[#color][:[legend][:STACK]][:dashes[=on_s[,off_s[,on_s,off_s]...]][:dash-offset=offset]]
183 Draw a line of the specified width onto the graph. width can be a
185 floating point number. If the color is not specified, the drawing is
186 done 'invisibly'. This is useful when stacking something else on top of
187 this line. Also optional is the legend box and string which will be
188 printed in the legend section if specified. The value can be generated
189 by DEF, VDEF, and CDEF. If the optional STACK modifier is used, this
190 line is stacked on top of the previous element which can be a LINE or
191 an AREA.
192 The dashes modifier enables dashed line style. Without any further
194 options a symmetric dashed line with a segment length of 5 pixels will
195 be drawn. The dash pattern can be changed if the dashes= parameter is
196 followed by either one value or an even number (1, 2, 4, 6, ...) of
197 positive values. Each value provides the length of alternate on_s and
198 off_s portions of the stroke. The dash-offset parameter specifies an
199 offset into the pattern at which the stroke begins.
200 When you do not specify a color, you cannot specify a legend. Should
202 you want to use STACK, use the "LINEx:<value>::STACK" form.
203 AREA:value[#color][:[legend][:STACK]]
205 See LINE, however the area between the x-axis and the line will be
207 filled.
208 TICK:vname#rrggbb[aa][:fraction[:legend]]
210 Plot a tick mark (a vertical line) for each value of vname that is non-
212 zero and not *UNKNOWN*. The fraction argument specifies the length of
213 the tick mark as a fraction of the y-axis; the default value is 0.1
214 (10% of the axis). Note that the color specification is not optional.
215 The TICK marks normally start at the lower edge of the graphing area.
216 If the fraction is negative they start at the upper border of the
217 graphing area.
218 SHIFT:vname:offset
220 Using this command RRDtool will graph the following elements with the
222 specified offset. For instance, you can specify an offset of
223 ( 7*24*60*60 = ) 604'800 seconds to "look back" one week. Make sure to
224 tell the viewer of your graph you did this ... As with the other
225 graphing elements, you can specify a number or a variable here.
226 TEXTALIGN:{left|right|justified|center}
228 Labels are placed below the graph. When they overflow to the left, they
230 wrap to the next line. By default, lines are justified left and right.
231 The TEXTALIGN function lets you change this default. This is a command
232 and not an option, so that you can change the default several times in
233 your argument list.
234 STACK:vname#color[:legend]
236 Deprecated. Use the STACK modifiers on the other commands instead!
238 Some notes on stacking
240 When stacking, an element is not placed above the X-axis but rather on
242 top of the previous element. There must be something to stack upon.
243 You can use an invisible LINE or AREA to stacked upon.
245 An unknown value makes the entire stack unknown from that moment on.
247 You don't know where to begin (the unknown value) and therefore do not
248 know where to end.
249 If you want to make sure you will be displaying a certain variable,
251 make sure never to stack upon the unknown value. Use a CDEF
252 instruction with IF and UN to do so.
253
255 Escaping the colon
256 A colon ':' in a legend argument will mark the end of the legend. To
257 enter a ':' as part of a legend, the colon must be escaped with a
258 backslash '\:'. Beware that many environments process backslashes
259 themselves, so it may be necessary to write two backslashes in order to
260 one being passed onto rrd_graph.
261 String Formatting
263 The text printed below the actual graph can be formatted by appending
264 special escape characters at the end of a text. When ever such a
265 character occurs, all pending text is pushed onto the graph according
266 to the character specified.
267 Valid markers are: \j for justified, \l for left aligned, \r for right
269 aligned, and \c for centered. In the next section there is an example
270 showing how to use centered formatting.
271 \n is a valid alias for \l since incomplete parsing in earlier versions
273 of RRDtool lead to this behavior and a number of people has been using
274 it.
275 Normally there are two space characters inserted between every two
277 items printed into the graph. The space following a string can be
278 suppressed by putting a \g at the end of the string. The \g also
279 ignores any space inside the string if it is at the very end of the
280 string. This can be used in connection with %s to suppress empty unit
281 strings.
282 GPRINT:a:MAX:%lf%s\g
284 A special case is COMMENT:\s which inserts some additional vertical
286 space before placing the next row of legends.
287 If you want to have left and right aligned legends on the same line use
289 COMMENT:\u to go one line back like this:
290 COMMENT:left\l
292 COMMENT:\u
293 COMMENT:right\r
294 When using a proportional font in your graph, the tab characters or the
296 sequence \t will line-up legend elements. Note that the tabs inserted
297 are relative to the start of the current legend element!
298 Since RRDtool 1.3 is using Pango for rending text, you can use Pango
300 markup. Pango uses the xml span tags for inline formatting
301 instructions.:
302 A simple example of a marked-up string might be:
304 <span foreground="blue" size="x-large">Blue text</span> is <i>cool</i>!
306 The complete list of attributes for the span tag (taken from the pango
308 documentation):
309 font_desc
311 A font description string, such as "Sans Italic 12"; note that any
312 other span attributes will override this description. So if you
313 have "Sans Italic" and also a style="normal" attribute, you will
314 get Sans normal, not italic.
315 font_family
317 A font family name
318 face
320 Synonym for font_family
321 size
323 Font size in 1024ths of a point, or one of the absolute sizes
324 'xx-small', 'x-small', 'small', 'medium', 'large', 'x-large',
325 'xx-large', or one of the relative sizes 'smaller' or 'larger'. If
326 you want to specify a absolute size, it's usually easier to take
327 advantage of the ability to specify a partial font description
328 using 'font_desc'; you can use font_desc='12.5' rather than
329 size='12800'.
330 style
332 One of 'normal', 'oblique', 'italic'
333 weight
335 One of 'ultralight', 'light', 'normal', 'bold', 'ultrabold',
336 'heavy', or a numeric weight
337 variant
339 'normal' or 'smallcaps'
340 stretch
342 One of 'ultracondensed', 'extracondensed', 'condensed',
343 'semicondensed', 'normal', 'semiexpanded', 'expanded',
344 'extraexpanded', 'ultraexpanded'
345 foreground
347 An RGB color specification such as '#00FF00' or a color name such
348 as 'red'
349 background
351 An RGB color specification such as '#00FF00' or a color name such
352 as 'red'
353 underline
355 One of 'none', 'single', 'double', 'low', 'error'
356 underline_color
358 The color of underlines; an RGB color specification such as
359 '#00FF00' or a color name such as 'red'
360 rise
362 Vertical displacement, in 10000ths of an em. Can be negative for
363 subscript, positive for superscript.
364 strikethrough
366 'true' or 'false' whether to strike through the text
367 strikethrough_color
369 The color of crossed out lines; an RGB color specification such as
370 '#00FF00' or a color name such as 'red'
371 fallback
373 'true' or 'false' whether to enable fallback. If disabled, then
374 characters will only be used from the closest matching font on the
375 system. No fallback will be done to other fonts on the system that
376 might contain the characters in the text. Fallback is enabled by
377 default. Most applications should not disable fallback.
378 lang
380 A language code, indicating the text language
381 letter_spacing
383 Inter-letter spacing in 1024ths of a point.
384 gravity
386 One of 'south', 'east', 'north', 'west', 'auto'.
387 gravity_hint
389 One of 'natural', 'strong', 'line'.
390 To save you some typing, there are also some shortcuts:
392 b Bold
394 big Makes font relatively larger, equivalent to <span size="larger">
396 i Italic
398 s Strike through
400 sub Subscript
402 sup Superscript
404 small
406 Makes font relatively smaller, equivalent to <span size="smaller">
407 tt Monospace font
409 u Underline
411
413 rrdgraph gives an overview of how rrdtool graph works. rrdgraph_data
414 describes DEF,CDEF and VDEF in detail. rrdgraph_rpn describes the RPN
415 language used in the ?DEF statements. rrdgraph_graph page describes
416 all of the graph and print functions.
417 Make sure to read rrdgraph_examples for tips&tricks.
419
421 Program by Tobias Oetiker <tobi@oetiker.ch>
422 This manual page by Alex van den Bogaerdt <alex@vandenbogaerdt.nl> with
424 corrections and/or additions by several people
4251.4.4 2010-01-25 RRDGRAPH_GRAPH(1)