1d.linegraph(1) Grass User's Manual d.linegraph(1)
2
6 d.linegraph - Generates and displays simple line graphs in the active
7 graphics monitor display frame.
8
10 display, cartography
11
13 d.linegraph
14 d.linegraph --help
15 d.linegraph [-xysl] x_file=string y_file=string[,string,...] [direc‐
16 tory=string] [y_color=string[,string,...]] [color_table=style]
17 [width=integer[,integer,...]] [title_color=string] [x_title=string]
18 [y_title=string] [title=string] [y_range=min,max]
19 [y_tics=float[,float,...]] [x_scale=float] [y_scale=float]
20 [icon=string] [point_size=float] [secondary_color=name] [sec‐
21 ondary_width=float[,float,...]] [--help] [--verbose] [--quiet]
22 [--ui]
23 Flags:
25 -x
26 Scale only X labels, not values
27 -y
29 Scale only Y labels, not values
30 -s
32 Draw points
33 -l
35 Do not draw lines
36 --help
38 Print usage summary
39 --verbose
41 Verbose module output
42 --quiet
44 Quiet module output
45 --ui
47 Force launching GUI dialog
48 Parameters:
50 x_file=string [required]
51 Name of data file for X axis of graph
52 y_file=string[,string,...] [required]
54 Name of data file(s) for Y axis of graph
55 directory=string
57 Path to files
58 Path to the directory where the input files are located
59 y_color=string[,string,...]
61 Color for Y data
62 color_table=style
64 Name of color table
65 Options: aspect, aspectcolr, bcyr, bgyr, blues, byg, byr, celsius,
66 corine, curvature, differences, elevation, etopo2, evi, fahrenheit,
67 gdd, grass, greens, grey, grey.eq, grey.log, grey1.0, grey255, gyr,
68 haxby, kelvin, ndvi, ndwi, oranges, population, population_dens,
69 precipitation, precipitation_daily, precipitation_monthly, rainbow,
70 ramp, random, reds, roygbiv, rstcurv, ryb, ryg, sepia, slope, soil‐
71 moisture, srtm, srtm_plus, terrain, viridis, water, wave
72 aspect: aspect oriented grey colors
73 aspectcolr: aspect oriented rainbow colors
74 bcyr: blue through cyan through yellow to red
75 bgyr: blue through green through yellow to red
76 blues: white to blue
77 byg: blue through yellow to green
78 byr: blue through yellow to red
79 celsius: blue to red for degree Celsius temperature
80 corine: EU Corine land cover colors
81 curvature: for terrain curvatures (from v.surf.rst and
82 r.slope.aspect)
83 differences: differences oriented colors
84 elevation: maps relative ranges of raster values to elevation
85 color ramp
86 etopo2: colors for ETOPO2 worldwide bathymetry/topography
87 evi: enhanced vegetative index colors
88 fahrenheit: blue to red for Fahrenheit temperature
89 gdd: accumulated growing degree days
90 grass: GRASS GIS green (perceptually uniform)
91 greens: white to green
92 grey: grey scale
93 grey.eq: histogram-equalized grey scale
94 grey.log: histogram logarithmic transformed grey scale
95 grey1.0: grey scale for raster values between 0.0-1.0
96 grey255: grey scale for raster values between 0-255
97 gyr: green through yellow to red
98 haxby: relative colors for bathymetry or topography
99 kelvin: blue to red for temperature in Kelvin scale
100 ndvi: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index colors
101 ndwi: Normalized Difference Water Index colors
102 oranges: white to orange
103 population: color table covering human population classification
104 breaks
105 population_dens: color table covering human population density
106 classification breaks
107 precipitation: precipitation color table (0..2000mm)
108 precipitation_daily: precipitation color table (0..1000mm)
109 precipitation_monthly: precipitation color table (0..1000mm)
110 rainbow: rainbow color table
111 ramp: color ramp
112 random: random color table
113 reds: white to red
114 roygbiv: no description
115 rstcurv: terrain curvature (from r.resamp.rst)
116 ryb: red through yellow to blue
117 ryg: red through yellow to green
118 sepia: yellowish-brown through to white
119 slope: r.slope.aspect-type slope colors for raster values 0-90
120 soilmoisture: soilmoisture color table (0.0-1.0)
121 srtm: color palette for Shuttle Radar Topography Mission elevation
122 srtm_plus: color palette for Shuttle Radar Topography Mission ele‐
123 vation (with seafloor colors)
124 terrain: global elevation color table covering -11000 to +8850m
125 viridis: perceptually uniform sequential color table viridis
126 water: water depth
127 wave: color wave
128 width=integer[,integer,...]
130 Width of the lines
131 title_color=string
133 Color for axis, tics, numbers, and title
134 Default: black
135 x_title=string
137 Title for X data
138 Default:
139 y_title=string
141 Title for Y data
142 Default:
143 title=string
145 Title for Graph
146 Default:
147 y_range=min,max
149 Minimum and maximun value for Y axis (min,max)
150 y_tics=float[,float,...]
152 Tic values for the Y axis
153 x_scale=float
155 Scale for X values
156 y_scale=float
158 Scale for Y values
159 icon=string
161 Symbol for point
162 Options: basic/arrow, basic/arrow1, basic/arrow2, basic/arrow3,
163 basic/box, basic/circle, basic/cross1, basic/cross2, basic/cross3,
164 basic/diamond, basic/hexagon, basic/marker, basic/octagon,
165 basic/pin, basic/pin_dot, basic/point, basic/pushpin, basic/star,
166 basic/triangle, basic/x, demo/muchomurka, demo/smrk,
167 extra/4pt_star, extra/adcp, extra/airport, extra/alpha_flag,
168 extra/bridge, extra/dim_arrow, extra/dive_flag, extra/fiducial,
169 extra/fish, extra/half-box, extra/half-circle, extra/offbox_ne,
170 extra/offbox_nw, extra/offbox_se, extra/offbox_sw, extra/pentagon,
171 extra/ping, extra/ring, extra/simple_zia, extra/target, geol‐
172 ogy/circle_cross, geology/half-arrow_left, geol‐
173 ogy/half-arrow_right, geology/strike_box, geology/strike_circle,
174 geology/strike_cleavage, geology/strike_half-bowtie, geol‐
175 ogy/strike_line, geology/strike_parallel, geology/strike_triangle,
176 legend/area, legend/area_curved, legend/line, legend/line_crooked,
177 n_arrows/basic_compass, n_arrows/fancy_compass, n_arrows/n_arrow1a,
178 n_arrows/n_arrow1b, n_arrows/n_arrow2, n_arrows/n_arrow3,
179 n_arrows/n_arrow4, n_arrows/n_arrow5, n_arrows/n_arrow6,
180 n_arrows/n_arrow7a, n_arrows/n_arrow7b, n_arrows/n_arrow8a,
181 n_arrows/n_arrow8b, n_arrows/n_arrow9
182 Default: basic/circle
183 point_size=float
185 Point size
186 Default: 5
187 secondary_color=name
189 Color
190 Color for point symbol edge color
191 Default: black
192 secondary_width=float[,float,...]
194 Width of point symbol lines
195 Default: 0.1
196
198 d.linegraph is a module to draw simple x,y line graphs (plots) based on
199 numerical data contained in separate files.
200 Data format
202 The X and Y data files for the graph are essentially a column of num‐
203 bers in each file, with one input number per line. The program expects
204 that each X value will have a corresponding Y value, therefore the num‐
205 ber of lines in each data input file should be the same. Essentially,
206 the X data becomes the X axis reference to which the Y data is plotted
207 as a line. Therefore, the X data should be a monotonically increasing
208 progression of numbers (i.e. "1,2,3,..."; "0, 10, 100, 1000,...";
209 "...-5,-1,0,1,5..."). If multiple Y data files are used, the Y axis
210 scale will be based on the range of minimum and maximum values from all
211 Y files, then all Y data given will be graphed according to that Y
212 scale. Therefore, if multiple Y data inputs are used with dissimilar
213 units, the graph produced comparing the two will be deceptive.
214 File inputs
216 If the directory option is provided, the paths to files can (and
217 should) be only relative paths to these files. While this is not recom‐
218 mended for scripting, it can be advantageous when typing the paths man‐
219 ually. For example when all files are stored in the directory
220 /home/john/data, the user can provide the following in the command
221 line:
222 d.linegraph directory=/home/john/data x_file=x.txt y_file=y1.txt,y2.txt
223 Managing colors
225 The user can specify the y_color option, the color_table option or just
226 leave the defaults to influence the color of the plotted lines.
227 Colors specified by y_color option are used for drawing the lines in
229 the graph. If multiple Y data files are used, an equal number of colors
230 may be used to control the colors of the lines. Colors will be assigned
231 to Y data in respect to the sequence of instantiation on the command
232 line. It can be one of GRASS GIS named colors or the RGB values from
233 0-255 separated by colons (RRR:GGG:BBB).
234 Alternatively, the user can use the color_table option to specify one
236 of the GRASS GIS predefined color tables.
237 By default, a series of colors will be chosen by the module if none are
239 provided upon invocation. The order of default colors is red, green,
240 violet, blue, orange, gray, brown, magenta, white, and indigo. The user
241 is advised not to rely on the order of default colors but to either use
242 the y_color or the color_table option to obtain predictable and repro‐
243 ducible results.
244 The color to be used for titles, axis lines, tics, and scale numbers is
246 determined by the title_color option. The user can provide one of the
247 GRASS GIS named colors (such as gray, white, or black) or use the GRASS
248 GIS colon-separated format for RGB (RRR:GGG:BBB).
249 Titles, labels, and tics
251 The title option specifies the text for the title of the graph. It
252 will be centered over the top of graph. The x_title option is a text
253 to describe data for X axis. It will be centered beneath the graph.
254 Default is no text unless there is a need for a unit descriptor deter‐
255 mined by the d.linegraph module, then string such as "in hundreds" is
256 generated. The y_title option is a text to describe data for Y axis.
257 It will be centered beneath the X data description. Similarly, to the
258 x_title option, default is no text unless there is a need for an
259 auto-generated description. In the case of graphs with multiple lines
260 (multiple inputs for Y axis), user may wish to use more specific text
261 placement using the d.text or v.label programs.
262
264 For historical reasons, the d.linegraph module accepts titles of more
265 than one word where the underscore character ("_") is used to represent
266 spaces (" "). For example "Census_data_1990" would be printed over the
267 graph as "Census data 1990". The use of underscores is not necessary to
268 use as long as the parameter is quoted in the command line. In gen‐
269 eral, use of underscores is not recommended and there is no need to use
270 it at all in the GUI or when using d.linegraph in Python scripts.
271 The way the program locates and labels tic marks is less than perfect:
273 1) although distances between Y tics are proportional to the value,
274 they are not proportional on the X axis;
275 2) decimal values between -1 and 1 can be printed on the X axis, but
276 not on Y. (With respect to the later, the input for Y values can all be
277 multiplied by a factor of 10 before graphing).
278 Depending on the user’s needs, it might be easier or more appropriate
280 to use a 3rd party tool such as xgraph, gnuplot, Matplotlib in Python,
281 or R instead of d.linegraph. For a more general solution for plotting
282 in GRASS GIS, the user is advised to use the d.graph module.
283
285 The following can be executed in Bash to create the input data for this
286 example. The user can just create these files in a text editor, save
287 them and specify path to them.
288 cat > x.txt <<EOF
289 1
290 3
291 4
292 6
293 9
294 EOF
295 cat > y1.txt <<EOF
296 50
297 58
298 65
299 34
300 27
301 EOF
302 cat > y2.txt <<EOF
303 10
304 20
305 35
306 50
307 45
308 EOF
309 The next command sequence creates a file plot.png in the current direc‐
311 tory which is the drawing made by d.linegraph.
312 d.mon start=cairo output=plot.png width=400 height=400
313 d.linegraph x_file=x.txt y_file=y1.txt,y2.txt
314 d.mon stop=cairo
315
317 d.frame, d.text, v.label, d.graph, d.histogram
318
320 Chris Rewerts, Agricultural Engineering, Purdue University
321 Last changed: $Date: 2017-02-02 10:10:41 +0100 (Thu, 02 Feb 2017) $
323
325 Available at: d.linegraph source code (history)
326 Main index | Display index | Topics index | Keywords index | Graphical
328 index | Full index
329 © 2003-2019 GRASS Development Team, GRASS GIS 7.4.4 Reference Manual
331GRASS 7.4.4 d.linegraph(1)