1MakeMethods::Composite:U:sAerrraCyo(n3t)ributed Perl DocMuamkeenMteatthioodns::Composite::Array(3)
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NAME

6       Class::MakeMethods::Composite::Array - Basic array methods
7

SYNOPSIS

9         package MyObject;
10         use Class::MakeMethods::Composite::Array (
11           new => 'new',
12           scalar => [ 'foo', 'bar' ],
13           array => 'my_list',
14           hash => 'my_index',
15         );
16         ...
17
18         my $obj = MyObject->new( foo => 'Foozle' );
19         print $obj->foo();
20
21         $obj->bar('Barbados');
22         print $obj->bar();
23
24         $obj->my_list(0 => 'Foozle', 1 => 'Bang!');
25         print $obj->my_list(1);
26
27         $obj->my_index('broccoli' => 'Blah!', 'foo' => 'Fiddle');
28         print $obj->my_index('foo');
29

DESCRIPTION

31       The Composite::Array suclass of MakeMethods provides a basic
32       constructor and accessors for blessed-array object instances.
33
34   Class::MakeMethods Calling Conventions
35       When you "use" this package, the method declarations you provide as
36       arguments cause subroutines to be generated and installed in your
37       module.
38
39       You can also omit the arguments to "use" and instead make methods at
40       runtime by passing the declarations to a subsequent call to "make()".
41
42       You may include any number of declarations in each call to "use" or
43       "make()". If methods with the same name already exist, earlier calls to
44       "use" or "make()" win over later ones, but within each call, later
45       declarations superceed earlier ones.
46
47       You can install methods in a different package by passing "-TargetClass
48       => package" as your first arguments to "use" or "make".
49
50       See Class::MakeMethods for more details.
51
52   Class::MakeMethods::Basic Declaration Syntax
53       The following types of Basic declarations are supported:
54
55       ·   generator_type => "method_name"
56
57       ·   generator_type => "name_1 name_2..."
58
59       ·   generator_type => [ "name_1", "name_2", ...]
60
61       See the "METHOD GENERATOR TYPES" section below for a list of the
62       supported values of generator_type.
63
64       For each method name you provide, a subroutine of the indicated type
65       will be generated and installed under that name in your module.
66
67       Method names should start with a letter, followed by zero or more
68       letters, numbers, or underscores.
69
70   Class::MakeMethods::Composite Declaration Syntax
71       The Composite syntax also provides several ways to optionally associate
72       a hash of additional parameters with a given method name.
73
74       ·   generator_type => [ "name_1" => { param=>value... }, ... ]
75
76           A hash of parameters to use just for this method name.
77
78           (Note: to prevent confusion with self-contained definition hashes,
79           described below, parameter hashes following a method name must not
80           contain the key 'name'.)
81
82       ·   generator_type => [ [ "name_1", "name_2", ... ] => {
83           param=>value... } ]
84
85           Each of these method names gets a copy of the same set of
86           parameters.
87
88       ·   generator_type => [ { "name"=>"name_1", param=>value... }, ... ]
89
90           By including the reserved parameter "name", you create a self
91           contained declaration with that name and any associated hash
92           values.
93
94       Basic declarations, as described above, are treated as having an empty
95       parameter hash.
96
97   Positional Accessors and %FIELDS
98       Each accessor method is assigned the next available array index at
99       which to store its value.
100
101       The mapping between method names and array positions is stored in a
102       hash named %FIELDS in the declaring package. When a package declares
103       its first positional accessor, its %FIELDS are initialized by searching
104       its inheritance tree.
105
106       Warning: Subclassing packages that use positional accessors is somewhat
107       fragile, since you may end up with two distinct methods assigned to the
108       same position. Specific cases to avoid are:
109
110       ·   If you inherit from more than one class with positional accessors,
111           the positions used by the two sets of methods will overlap.
112
113       ·   If your superclass adds additional positional accessors after you
114           declare your first, they will overlap yours.
115

METHOD GENERATOR TYPES

117   new - Constructor
118       For each method name passed, returns a subroutine with the following
119       characteristics:
120
121       ·   Has a reference to a sample item to copy. This defaults to a
122           reference to an empty array, but you may override this with the
123           "'defaults' =" array_ref> method parameter.
124
125       ·   If called as a class method, makes a new array containing values
126           from the sample item, and blesses it into that class.
127
128       ·   If called on an array-based instance, makes a copy of it and
129           blesses the copy into the same class as the original instance.
130
131       ·   If passed a list of method-value pairs, calls each named method
132           with the associated value as an argument.
133
134       ·   Returns the new instance.
135
136       Sample declaration and usage:
137
138         package MyObject;
139         use Class::MakeMethods::Composite::Array (
140           new => 'new',
141         );
142         ...
143
144         # Bare constructor
145         my $empty = MyObject->new();
146
147         # Constructor with initial sequence of method calls
148         my $obj = MyObject->new( foo => 'Foozle', bar => 'Barbados' );
149
150         # Copy with overriding sequence of method calls
151         my $copy = $obj->new( bar => 'Bob' );
152
153   new_with_values - Constructor
154       For each method name passed, returns a subroutine with the following
155       characteristics:
156
157       ·   May be called as a class method, or (equivalently) on any existing
158           object of that class.
159
160       ·   Creates an array, blesses it into the class, and returns the new
161           instance.
162
163       ·   If no arguments are provided, the returned array will be empty. If
164           passed a single array-ref argument, copies its contents into the
165           new array. If called with multiple arguments, copies them into the
166           new array. (Note that this is a "shallow" copy, not a "deep"
167           clone.)
168
169       Sample declaration and usage:
170
171         package MyObject;
172         use Class::MakeMethods::Composite::Array (
173           new => 'new',
174         );
175         ...
176
177         # Bare constructor
178         my $empty = MyObject->new();
179
180         # Constructor with initial sequence of method calls
181         my $obj = MyObject->new( foo => 'Foozle', bar => 'Barbados' );
182
183         # Copy with overriding sequence of method calls
184         my $copy = $obj->new( bar => 'Bob' );
185
186   scalar - Instance Accessor
187       For each method name passed, uses a closure to generate a subroutine
188       with the following characteristics:
189
190       ·   Must be called on an array-based instance.
191
192       ·   Determines the array position associated with the method name, and
193           uses that as an index into each instance to access the related
194           value. This defaults to the next available slot in %FIELDS, but you
195           may override this with the "'array_index' =" number> method
196           parameter, or by pre-filling the contents of %FIELDS.
197
198       ·   If called without any arguments returns the current value (or
199           undef).
200
201       ·   If called with an argument, stores that as the value, and returns
202           it,
203
204       ·   If called with multiple arguments, stores a reference to a new
205           array with those arguments as contents, and returns that array
206           reference.
207
208       Sample declaration and usage:
209
210         package MyObject;
211         use Class::MakeMethods::Composite::Array (
212           scalar => 'foo',
213         );
214         ...
215
216         # Store value
217         $obj->foo('Foozle');
218
219         # Retrieve value
220         print $obj->foo;
221
222   array - Instance Ref Accessor
223       For each method name passed, uses a closure to generate a subroutine
224       with the following characteristics:
225
226       ·   Must be called on an array-based instance.
227
228       ·   Determines the array position associated with the method name, and
229           uses that as an index into each instance to access the related
230           value. This defaults to the next available slot in %FIELDS, but you
231           may override this with the "'array_index' =" number> method
232           parameter, or by pre-filling the contents of %FIELDS.
233
234       ·   The value for each instance will be a reference to an array (or
235           undef).
236
237       ·   If called without any arguments, returns the current array-ref
238           value (or undef).
239
240       ·   If called with a single non-ref argument, uses that argument as an
241           index to retrieve from the referenced array, and returns that value
242           (or undef).
243
244       ·   If called with a single array ref argument, uses that list to
245           return a slice of the referenced array.
246
247       ·   If called with a list of argument pairs, each with a non-ref index
248           and an associated value, stores the value at the given index in the
249           referenced array. If the instance's value was previously undefined,
250           a new array is autovivified. The current value in each position
251           will be overwritten, and later arguments with the same index will
252           override earlier ones. Returns the current array-ref value.
253
254       ·   If called with a list of argument pairs, each with the first item
255           being a reference to an array of up to two numbers, loops over each
256           pair and uses those numbers to splice the value array.
257
258           The first controlling number is the position at which the splice
259           will begin. Zero will start before the first item in the list.
260           Negative numbers count backwards from the end of the array.
261
262           The second number is the number of items to be removed from the
263           list. If it is omitted, or undefined, or zero, no items are
264           removed. If it is a positive integer, that many items will be
265           returned.
266
267           If both numbers are omitted, or are both undefined, they default to
268           containing the entire value array.
269
270           If the second argument is undef, no values will be inserted; if it
271           is a non-reference value, that one value will be inserted; if it is
272           an array-ref, its values will be copied.
273
274           The method returns the items that removed from the array, if any.
275
276       Sample declaration and usage:
277
278         package MyObject;
279         use Class::MakeMethods::Composite::Array (
280           array => 'bar',
281         );
282         ...
283
284         # Clear and set contents of list
285         print $obj->bar([ 'Spume', 'Frost' ] );
286
287         # Set values by position
288         $obj->bar(0 => 'Foozle', 1 => 'Bang!');
289
290         # Positions may be overwritten, and in any order
291         $obj->bar(2 => 'And Mash', 1 => 'Blah!');
292
293         # Retrieve value by position
294         print $obj->bar(1);
295
296         # Direct access to referenced array
297         print scalar @{ $obj->bar() };
298
299       There are also calling conventions for slice and splice operations:
300
301         # Retrieve slice of values by position
302         print join(', ', $obj->bar( undef, [0, 2] ) );
303
304         # Insert an item at position in the array
305         $obj->bar([3], 'Potatoes' );
306
307         # Remove 1 item from position 3 in the array
308         $obj->bar([3, 1], undef );
309
310         # Set a new value at position 2, and return the old value
311         print $obj->bar([2, 1], 'Froth' );
312
313   hash - Instance Ref Accessor
314       For each method name passed, uses a closure to generate a subroutine
315       with the following characteristics:
316
317       ·   Must be called on an array-based instance.
318
319       ·   Determines the array position associated with the method name, and
320           uses that as an index into each instance to access the related
321           value. This defaults to the next available slot in %FIELDS, but you
322           may override this with the "'array_index' =" number> method
323           parameter, or by pre-filling the contents of %FIELDS.
324
325       ·   The value for each instance will be a reference to a hash (or
326           undef).
327
328       ·   If called without any arguments, returns the contents of the hash
329           in list context, or a hash reference in scalar context (or undef).
330
331       ·   If called with one non-ref argument, uses that argument as an index
332           to retrieve from the referenced hash, and returns that value (or
333           undef).
334
335       ·   If called with one array-ref argument, uses the contents of that
336           array to retrieve a slice of the referenced hash.
337
338       ·   If called with one hash-ref argument, sets the contents of the
339           referenced hash to match that provided.
340
341       ·   If called with a list of key-value pairs, stores the value under
342           the given key in the referenced hash. If the instance's value was
343           previously undefined, a new hash is autovivified. The current value
344           under each key will be overwritten, and later arguments with the
345           same key will override earlier ones. Returns the contents of the
346           hash in list context, or a hash reference in scalar context.
347
348       Sample declaration and usage:
349
350         package MyObject;
351         use Class::MakeMethods::Composite::Array (
352           hash => 'baz',
353         );
354         ...
355
356         # Set values by key
357         $obj->baz('foo' => 'Foozle', 'bar' => 'Bang!');
358
359         # Values may be overwritten, and in any order
360         $obj->baz('broccoli' => 'Blah!', 'foo' => 'Fiddle');
361
362         # Retrieve value by key
363         print $obj->baz('foo');
364
365         # Retrive slice of values by position
366         print join(', ', $obj->baz( ['foo', 'bar'] ) );
367
368         # Direct access to referenced hash
369         print keys %{ $obj->baz() };
370
371         # Reset the hash contents to empty
372         @{ $obj->baz() } = ();
373
374   object - Instance Ref Accessor
375       For each method name passed, uses a closure to generate a subroutine
376       with the following characteristics:
377
378       ·   Must be called on an array-based instance.
379
380       ·   Determines the array position associated with the method name, and
381           uses that as an index into each instance to access the related
382           value. This defaults to the next available slot in %FIELDS, but you
383           may override this with the "'array_index' =" number> method
384           parameter, or by pre-filling the contents of %FIELDS.
385
386       ·   The value for each instance will be a reference to an object (or
387           undef).
388
389       ·   If called without any arguments returns the current value.
390
391       ·   If called with an argument, stores that as the value, and returns
392           it,
393
394       Sample declaration and usage:
395
396         package MyObject;
397         use Class::MakeMethods::Composite::Hash (
398           object => 'foo',
399         );
400         ...
401
402         # Store value
403         $obj->foo( Foozle->new() );
404
405         # Retrieve value
406         print $obj->foo;
407

SEE ALSO

409       See Class::MakeMethods for general information about this distribution.
410
411       See Class::MakeMethods::Composite for more about this family of
412       subclasses.
413
414
415
416perl v5.28.1                      2003-09-06  MakeMethods::Composite::Array(3)
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