1LINKS(1)                    General Commands Manual                   LINKS(1)
2
3
4

NAME

6       links - lynx-like alternative character mode WWW browser
7

SYNOPSIS

9       links [options] URL
10

DESCRIPTION

12       links  is  a  text  mode WWW browser with ncurses interface, supporting
13       colors, correct table rendering, background  downloading,  menu  driven
14       configuration interface and slim code.
15
16       Frames  are  supported.  You can have different file formats associated
17       with external viewers. mailto: and telnet: are supported  via  external
18       clients.
19
20       links can handle local (file://) or remote (http:// or ftp://) URLs.
21

OPTIONS

23       Most  options  can be set in the user interface or config file, so usu‐
24       ally you do not need to care about them.
25
26
27       -help  Print a help screen
28
29
30       -version
31              Prints the links version number and exit.
32
33
34       -lookup <hostname>
35              Does name lookup, like command "host".
36
37
38       -g     Run Links in graphics mode. If not given, Links will run in text
39              mode.   Running in graphics mode means that Links will probe all
40              compiled-in graphics devices and run on the first found. If none
41              found,  links  will  not run in graphics mode. This option works
42              only if --enable-graphics was given to ./configure.
43
44
45       -no-g  Run in text mode (overrides previous -g).
46
47
48       -driver <driver name>
49              Graphics driver to use. Drivers are: x, svgalib,  fb,  directfb,
50              pmshell,  atheos.   List of drivers will be shown if you give it
51              an unknown driver.  Available drivers depend on  your  operating
52              system and available libraries.
53
54
55       -mode <parameter>
56              Pass  a  parameter  to  the graphics driver. On SVGAlib, this is
57              widthxheightxdepth, (where depth is 16, 256, 32K,  64K,  16M  or
58              16M32) and defines the graphics mode, on X the format is WIDTHx‐
59              HEIGHT and defines the window size.
60
61
62       -display <x-display>
63              Set Xwindow display.
64
65
66       -force-html
67              Treat files with unknown type as html rather than text.  (can be
68              toggled with '\' key)
69
70
71       -source <url>
72              Write unformatted data stream to stdout.
73
74
75       -dump <url>
76              Write formatted document to stdout.
77
78
79       -width <number>
80              For  dump,  document will be formatted to this screen width (but
81              it can still exceed it if lines can't be broken).
82
83
84       -codepage <codepage>
85              For dump, convert output to specified character set -- for eaxm‐
86              ple iso-8859-2, windows-1250.
87
88
89       -anonymous
90              Restrict  links  so that it can run on an anonymous account.  No
91              local file browsing.  No  downloads.  Executing  of  viewers  is
92              allowed, but user can't add or modify entries in association ta‐
93              ble.
94
95
96       -no-connect
97              Runs links as a separate instance -  instead  of  connecting  to
98              existing instance.
99
100
101       -download-dir <path>
102              Default download directory.  (default: actual dir)
103
104
105       -language <language>
106              Set user interface language.
107
108
109       -max-connections <max>
110              Maximum number of concurrent connections.  (default: 10)
111
112
113       -max-connections-to-host <max>
114              Maximum  number  of  concurrent  connection  to  a  given  host.
115              (default: 2)
116
117
118       -retries <retry>
119              Number of retries.  (default: 3)
120
121
122       -receive-timeout <sec>
123              Timeout on receive.  (default: 120)
124
125
126       -unrestartable-receive-timeout <sec>
127              Timeout on non restartable connections.  (default: 600)
128
129
130       -timeout-when-trying-multiple-addresses <sec>
131              Timeout for connection when trying multiple  addresses  or  when
132              resuming a keepalive connection.  (default: 3)
133
134
135       -bind-address <ip address>
136              Use a specific local IP address.
137
138
139       -bind-address-ipv6 <ipv6 address>
140              Use a specific local IPv6 address.
141
142
143       -no-libevent
144              Don't use libevent library.
145
146
147       -no-openmp
148              Don't use OpenMP.
149
150
151       -async-dns <0>/<1>
152              Asynchronous DNS resolver on(1)/off(0).
153
154
155       -download-utime <0>/<1>
156              Set  time of downloaded files to last modification time reported
157              by server.
158
159
160       -format-cache-size <num>
161              Number of formatted document pages cached.  (default: 5)
162
163
164       -memory-cache-size <bytes>
165              Cache memory in bytes.  (default: 1048576)
166
167
168       -image-cache-size <bytes>
169              Cache memory in bytes.  (default: 1048576)
170
171
172       -font-cache-size <bytes>
173              Cache memory in bytes.  (default: 2097152)
174
175
176       -aggressive-cache <0>/<1>
177              Always cache everything regardless of server's caching  recomen‐
178              dations.  Many servers deny caching even if their content is not
179              changing just to get more hits and more money from ads.
180
181
182       -address-preference <0>/<1>/<2>/<3>/<4>
183              (default 0) 0 - use system default.  1 - prefer IPv4.  2 -  pre‐
184              fer IPv6.  3 - use only IPv4.  4 - use only IPv6.
185
186
187       -http-proxy <host:port>
188              Host  and  port  number  of the HTTP proxy, or blank.  (default:
189              blank)
190
191
192       -ftp-proxy <host:port>
193              Host and port number of the  FTP  proxy,  or  blank.   (default:
194              blank)
195
196
197       -https-proxy <host:port>
198              Host  and  port  number of the HTTPS proxy, or blank.  (default:
199              blank)
200
201
202       -socks-proxy <user@host:port>
203              Userid, host and port of Socks4a, or blank.  (default: blank)
204
205
206       -append-text-to-dns-lookups <text>
207              Append text to dns lookups. It is useful  for  specifying  fixed
208              tor exit node.  (default: blank)
209
210
211       -no-proxy-domains <domain,domain...>
212              No proxy for specified domains.  (default: blank)
213
214
215       -only-proxies <0>/<1>
216              "1"  causes  that Links won't initiate any non-proxy connection.
217              It is useful for anonymization with tor or similar networks.
218
219
220       -ssl.certificates <0>/<1>/<2>
221              (default 1) 0 - ignore invalid certificate.  1 - warn on invalid
222              certificate.  2 - reject invalid certificate.
223
224
225       -ssl.builtin-certificates <0>/<1>
226              (default  0; on DOS and OpenVMS default 1) Use built-in certifi‐
227              cates instead of system certificates.
228
229
230       -ssl.client-cert-key <filename>
231              Name of the PEM encoded file  with  the  user  private  key  for
232              client certificate authentication.
233
234
235       -ssl.client-cert-crt <filename>
236              Name  of  the  PEM  encoded  file  with the user certificate for
237              client certificate authentication.
238
239
240       -ssl.client-cert-password <text>
241              Password for the user private key.
242
243
244       -http-bugs.http10 <0>/<1>
245              (default 0) "1" forces using only HTTP/1.0 protocol. (useful for
246              buggy  servers  that claim to be HTTP/1.1 compliant but are not)
247              "0" enables using both HTTP/1.0 and HTTP/1.1.
248
249
250       -http-bugs.allow-blacklist <0>/<1>
251              (default 1) "1" defaults to using list of servers that have bro‐
252              ken  HTTP/1.1  support.   When  links finds such server, it will
253              retry the request with HTTP/1.0.
254
255
256       -http-bugs.bug-no-accept-charset <0>/<1>
257              (default 0) Do not send Accept-Charset  field  of  HTTP  header.
258              Because it is too long some servers will deny the request. Other
259              servers will convert content to plain ascii when  Accept-Charset
260              is missing.
261
262
263       -http-bugs.no-compression <0>/<1>
264              (default  0) "1" causes that links won't advertise HTTP compres‐
265              sion support (but it will still accept compressed data). Use  it
266              when  you  communicate  with  server that has broken compression
267              support.
268
269
270       -http-bugs.retry-internal-errors <0>/<1>
271              (default 0) Retry on internal server errors (50x).
272
273
274       -http.fake-firefox <0>/<1>
275              (default 0) Fake that the browser is Firefox in the HTTP header.
276
277
278       -http.do-not-track <0>/<1>
279              (default 0) Send "do not track" request in the HTTP header.
280
281
282       -http.referer <0>/<1>/<2>/<3>/<4>
283              (default 0) 0 - do not send referer.  1 - send the requested URL
284              as referer.  2 - send fake referer.  3 - send real referer.  4 -
285              send real referer only to the same server.
286
287
288       -http.fake-referer <string>
289              Fake referer value.
290
291
292       -http.fake-user-agent <string>
293              Fake user agent value.
294
295
296       -http.extra-header <string>
297              Extra string added to HTTP header.
298
299
300       -ftp.anonymous-password <string>
301              Password for anonymous ftp access.
302
303
304       -ftp.use-passive <0>/<1>
305              Use ftp PASV command to bypass firewalls.
306
307
308       -ftp.use-erpt-epsv <0>/<1>
309              Use EPRT and EPSV commands instead of PORT and PASV.
310
311
312       -ftp.set-iptos <0>/<1>
313              Set IP Type-of-service to high throughput on ftp connections.
314
315
316       -smb.allow-hyperlinks-to-smb <0>/<1>
317              Allow hyperlinks to SMB protocol.  Disabling this improves secu‐
318              rity, because internet sites cannot exploit possible bugs in the
319              SMB client.
320
321
322       -menu-font-size <size>
323              Size of font in menu.
324
325
326       -menu-background-color 0xRRGGBB
327              Set menu background color in graphics mode. RRGGBB are hex.
328
329
330       -menu-foreground-color 0xRRGGBB
331              Set menu foreground color in graphics mode. RRGGBB are hex.
332
333
334       -scroll-bar-area-color 0xRRGGBB
335              Set color of scroll bar area. RRGGBB are hex.
336
337
338       -scroll-bar-bar-color 0xRRGGBB
339              Set color of scroll bar. RRGGBB are hex.
340
341
342       -scroll-bar-frame-color 0xRRGGBB
343              Set color of scroll bar frame. RRGGBB are hex.
344
345
346       -bookmarks-file <file>
347              File to store bookmarks.
348
349
350       -bookmarks-codepage <codepage>
351              Character set of bookmarks file.
352
353
354       -save-url-history <0>/<1>
355              Save URL history on exit.
356
357
358       -display-red-gamma <fp-value>
359              Red gamma of display. (default 2.2)
360
361
362       -display-green-gamma <fp-value>
363              Green gamma of display. (default 2.2)
364
365
366       -display-blue-gamma <fp-value>
367              Blue gamma of display. (default 2.2)
368
369
370       -user-gamma <fp-value>
371              Additional gamma. (defult 1)
372
373
374       -bfu-aspect <fp-value>
375              Display aspect ration.
376
377
378       -dither-letters <0>/<1>
379              Do letter dithering.
380
381
382       -dither-images <0>/<1>
383              Do image dithering.
384
385
386       -display-optimize <0>/<1>/<2>
387              Optimize for CRT (0), LCD RGB (1), LCD BGR (2).
388
389
390       -gamma-correction <0>/<1>/<2>
391              Type of gamma correction: (default 2) 0 -  8-bit  (fast).   1  -
392              16-bit  (slow).   2 - automatically detect according to speed of
393              FPU.
394
395
396       -overwrite-instead-of-scroll <0>/<1>
397              Overwrite the screen instead of scrolling it (valid for  svgalib
398              and framebuffer).  Overwriting may or may not be faster, depend‐
399              ing on hardware.
400
401
402       -font <file>
403              Font file for normal text.
404
405
406       -font-bold <file>
407              Font file for bold text.
408
409
410       -font-monospaced <file>
411              Font file for monospaced text.
412
413
414       -font-monospaced-bold <file>
415              Font file for monospaced bold text.
416
417
418       -font-italic <file>
419              Font file for italic text.
420
421
422       -font-italic-bold <file>
423              Font file for italic bold text.
424
425
426       -font-monospaced-italic <file>
427              Font file for monospaced italic text.
428
429
430       -font-monospaced-italic-bold <file>
431              Font file for monospaced italc bold text.
432
433
434       -html-assume-codepage <codepage>
435              Use the given codepage when the  webpage  did  not  specify  its
436              codepage. (default: ISO 8859-1)
437
438
439       -html-hard-assume <0>/<1>
440              Use  always character set from "-html-assume-codepage" no matter
441              what server sent.
442
443
444       -html-tables <0>/<1>
445              Render tables. (0) causes tables being rendered like in lynx.
446
447
448       -html-frames <0>/<1>
449              Render frames. (0) causes frames  rendered like in lynx.
450
451
452       -html-break-long-lines <0>/<1>
453              Break long lines in <pre> sections.
454
455
456       -html-images <0>/<1>
457              Display links to unnamed images as [IMG]
458
459
460       -html-image-names <0>/<1>
461              Display filename of an image instead of [IMG].
462
463
464       -html-display-images <0>/<1>
465              Display images in graphics mode.
466
467
468       -html-image-scale <percent>
469              Scale images in graphics mode.
470
471
472       -html-bare-image-autoscale <0>/<1>
473              Autoscale images displayed in full screen.
474
475
476       -html-numbered-links <0>/<1>
477              Number links in text mode. Allow quick link selection by  typing
478              link number and enter.
479
480
481       -html-table-order <0>/<1>
482              In text mode, walk through table by rows (0) or columns (1).
483
484
485       -html-auto-refresh <0>/<1>
486              Process  refresh to other page (1), or display link to that page
487              (0).
488
489
490       -html-target-in-new-window <0>/<1>
491              Allow opening new windows from html.
492
493
494       -html-margin <number of spaces>
495              Margin in text mode.
496
497
498       -html-user-font-size <size>
499              Size of font on pages in graphics mode.
500
501
502       -html-text-color <0>-<15>
503              Text color in text mode.
504
505
506       -html-link-color <0>-<15>
507              Link color in text mode.
508
509
510       -html-background-color <0>-<7>
511              Background color in text mode.
512
513
514       -html-ignore-document-color <0>/<1>
515              Ignore colors specified in html document in text mode.
516
517
518       -html-g-text-color 0xRRGGBB
519              Text color in graphics mode.
520
521
522       -html-g-link-color 0xRRGGBB
523              Link color in graphics mode.
524
525
526       -html-g-background-color 0xRRGGBB
527              Background color in graphics mode.
528
529
530       -html-g-ignore-document-color <0>/<1>
531              Ignore colors specified in html document in graphics mode.
532
533
534       More options can be seen with links -h
535
536
538       The keys you may use while navigating are
539
540       ESC    menu/escape
541
542       F9     menu
543
544       F10    file menu
545
546       TAB    next frame
547
548       PGDN   page down
549
550       Space  page down
551
552       PGUP   page up
553
554       b      page up
555
556       CursorDOWN
557              next link/down
558
559       CursorUP
560              prev link/up
561
562       INS    scroll up
563
564       ^P     scroll up
565
566       DEL    scroll down
567
568       ^N     scroll down
569
570       [      scroll left
571
572       ]      scroll right
573
574       HOME   home
575
576       END    end of page
577
578       CursorRIGHT
579              enter link/press button
580
581       ENTER  enter link/press button
582
583       CursorLEFT
584              go back
585
586       d      download link
587
588       /      search in the page
589
590       ?      search back in the page
591
592       n      find next match
593
594       N      find next match backwards
595
596       f      zoom actual frame
597
598       ^R     reload page
599
600       g      go to URL
601
602       G      edit the current URL and goto the result
603
604       ^G     edit the current link and goto the result
605
606       s      bookmark manager
607
608       q      quit, close window if more windows are open
609
610       Q      quit without asking
611
612       =      document information
613
614       \      toggle HTML source/rendered view
615
616

EDITING KEYS

618       The following keys can be used while editing a line/jumping to a URL:
619
620       CursorRIGHT
621              move right
622
623       CursorLEFT
624              move left
625
626       HOME   jump at the beginning
627
628       ^A     jump at the beginning
629
630       END    jump at the end
631
632       ^E     jump at the end
633
634       ^X     cut to clipboard
635
636       ^B     copy to clipboard
637
638       ^V     paste from clipboard
639
640       ENTER  enter line
641
642       BACKSPACE
643              delete back character
644
645       ^H     delete back character
646
647       DEL    delete character
648
649       ^D     delete character
650
651       ^U     delete from beginning of the line
652
653       ^K     delete to the end of the line or delete line (in textarea)
654
655       ^W     auto complete line
656
657
658
659
660
661

FILES

663       ~/.links/links.cfg
664              Per-user configfile, automatically created by links.
665

PLATFORMS

667       links is known to work on Linux, FreeBSD, Solaris,  IRIX,  HPUX,
668       Digital Unix, AIX, OS/2, BeOS and Win32.
669

BUGS

671       You can't upload large files; it takes _lots_ of memory.
672
673       Please  report any other bugs you find to Mikulas Patocka <miku‐
674       las@artax.karlin.mff.cuni.cz>
675
676

LICENSE

678       links is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
679       under  the  terms of the GNU General Public License as published
680       by the  Free  Software  Foundation;  either  version  2  of  the
681       License, or (at your option) any later version.
682
683

AUTHOR

685       links  was  written  by  Mikulas Patocka, Karel 'Clock' Kulhavy,
686       Petr 'Brain'  Kulhavy,  and  Martin  'PerM'  Pergel.   See  file
687       AUTHORS for a list of people contributing to this project.
688
689       The  homepage  of  links  can  be  found  at  http://links.twib
690       right.com/
691
692       This manual page was written by Peter  Gervai  <grin@tolna.net>,
693       using  excerpts  from  a (yet?) unknown links fan for the Debian
694       GNU/Linux system (but may be used by others). Updated  by  Karel
695       Kulhavy.
696
697

SEE ALSO

699       lynx(1), w3m(1)
700
701
702
703                                   Aug, 2006                          LINKS(1)
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