1OBJCOPY(1)                   GNU Development Tools                  OBJCOPY(1)
2
3
4

NAME

6       objcopy - copy and translate object files
7

SYNOPSIS

9       objcopy [-F bfdname|--target=bfdname]
10               [-I bfdname|--input-target=bfdname]
11               [-O bfdname|--output-target=bfdname]
12               [-B bfdarch|--binary-architecture=bfdarch]
13               [-S|--strip-all]
14               [-g|--strip-debug]
15               [-K symbolname|--keep-symbol=symbolname]
16               [-N symbolname|--strip-symbol=symbolname]
17               [--strip-unneeded-symbol=symbolname]
18               [-G symbolname|--keep-global-symbol=symbolname]
19               [--localize-hidden]
20               [-L symbolname|--localize-symbol=symbolname]
21               [--globalize-symbol=symbolname]
22               [-W symbolname|--weaken-symbol=symbolname]
23               [-w|--wildcard]
24               [-x|--discard-all]
25               [-X|--discard-locals]
26               [-b byte|--byte=byte]
27               [-i [breadth]|--interleave[=breadth]]
28               [--interleave-width=width]
29               [-j sectionpattern|--only-section=sectionpattern]
30               [-R sectionpattern|--remove-section=sectionpattern]
31               [-p|--preserve-dates]
32               [-D|--enable-deterministic-archives]
33               [-U|--disable-deterministic-archives]
34               [--debugging]
35               [--gap-fill=val]
36               [--pad-to=address]
37               [--set-start=val]
38               [--adjust-start=incr]
39               [--change-addresses=incr]
40               [--change-section-address sectionpattern{=,+,-}val]
41               [--change-section-lma sectionpattern{=,+,-}val]
42               [--change-section-vma sectionpattern{=,+,-}val]
43               [--change-warnings] [--no-change-warnings]
44               [--set-section-flags sectionpattern=flags]
45               [--add-section sectionname=filename]
46               [--rename-section oldname=newname[,flags]]
47               [--long-section-names {enable,disable,keep}]
48               [--change-leading-char] [--remove-leading-char]
49               [--reverse-bytes=num]
50               [--srec-len=ival] [--srec-forceS3]
51               [--redefine-sym old=new]
52               [--redefine-syms=filename]
53               [--weaken]
54               [--keep-symbols=filename]
55               [--strip-symbols=filename]
56               [--strip-unneeded-symbols=filename]
57               [--keep-global-symbols=filename]
58               [--localize-symbols=filename]
59               [--globalize-symbols=filename]
60               [--weaken-symbols=filename]
61               [--alt-machine-code=index]
62               [--prefix-symbols=string]
63               [--prefix-sections=string]
64               [--prefix-alloc-sections=string]
65               [--add-gnu-debuglink=path-to-file]
66               [--keep-file-symbols]
67               [--only-keep-debug]
68               [--strip-dwo]
69               [--extract-dwo]
70               [--extract-symbol]
71               [--writable-text]
72               [--readonly-text]
73               [--pure]
74               [--impure]
75               [--file-alignment=num]
76               [--heap=size]
77               [--image-base=address]
78               [--section-alignment=num]
79               [--stack=size]
80               [--subsystem=which:major.minor]
81               [--compress-debug-sections]
82               [--decompress-debug-sections]
83               [--dwarf-depth=n]
84               [--dwarf-start=n]
85               [-v|--verbose]
86               [-V|--version]
87               [--help] [--info]
88               infile [outfile]
89

DESCRIPTION

91       The GNU objcopy utility copies the contents of an object file to
92       another.  objcopy uses the GNU BFD Library to read and write the object
93       files.  It can write the destination object file in a format different
94       from that of the source object file.  The exact behavior of objcopy is
95       controlled by command-line options.  Note that objcopy should be able
96       to copy a fully linked file between any two formats. However, copying a
97       relocatable object file between any two formats may not work as
98       expected.
99
100       objcopy creates temporary files to do its translations and deletes them
101       afterward.  objcopy uses BFD to do all its translation work; it has
102       access to all the formats described in BFD and thus is able to
103       recognize most formats without being told explicitly.
104
105       objcopy can be used to generate S-records by using an output target of
106       srec (e.g., use -O srec).
107
108       objcopy can be used to generate a raw binary file by using an output
109       target of binary (e.g., use -O binary).  When objcopy generates a raw
110       binary file, it will essentially produce a memory dump of the contents
111       of the input object file.  All symbols and relocation information will
112       be discarded.  The memory dump will start at the load address of the
113       lowest section copied into the output file.
114
115       When generating an S-record or a raw binary file, it may be helpful to
116       use -S to remove sections containing debugging information.  In some
117       cases -R will be useful to remove sections which contain information
118       that is not needed by the binary file.
119
120       Note---objcopy is not able to change the endianness of its input files.
121       If the input format has an endianness (some formats do not), objcopy
122       can only copy the inputs into file formats that have the same
123       endianness or which have no endianness (e.g., srec).  (However, see the
124       --reverse-bytes option.)
125

OPTIONS

127       infile
128       outfile
129           The input and output files, respectively.  If you do not specify
130           outfile, objcopy creates a temporary file and destructively renames
131           the result with the name of infile.
132
133       -I bfdname
134       --input-target=bfdname
135           Consider the source file's object format to be bfdname, rather than
136           attempting to deduce it.
137
138       -O bfdname
139       --output-target=bfdname
140           Write the output file using the object format bfdname.
141
142       -F bfdname
143       --target=bfdname
144           Use bfdname as the object format for both the input and the output
145           file; i.e., simply transfer data from source to destination with no
146           translation.
147
148       -B bfdarch
149       --binary-architecture=bfdarch
150           Useful when transforming a architecture-less input file into an
151           object file.  In this case the output architecture can be set to
152           bfdarch.  This option will be ignored if the input file has a known
153           bfdarch.  You can access this binary data inside a program by
154           referencing the special symbols that are created by the conversion
155           process.  These symbols are called _binary_objfile_start,
156           _binary_objfile_end and _binary_objfile_size.  e.g. you can
157           transform a picture file into an object file and then access it in
158           your code using these symbols.
159
160       -j sectionpattern
161       --only-section=sectionpattern
162           Copy only the indicated sections from the input file to the output
163           file.  This option may be given more than once.  Note that using
164           this option inappropriately may make the output file unusable.
165           Wildcard characters are accepted in sectionpattern.
166
167       -R sectionpattern
168       --remove-section=sectionpattern
169           Remove any section matching sectionpattern from the output file.
170           This option may be given more than once.  Note that using this
171           option inappropriately may make the output file unusable.  Wildcard
172           characters are accepted in sectionpattern.  Using both the -j and
173           -R options together results in undefined behaviour.
174
175       -S
176       --strip-all
177           Do not copy relocation and symbol information from the source file.
178
179       -g
180       --strip-debug
181           Do not copy debugging symbols or sections from the source file.
182
183       --strip-unneeded
184           Strip all symbols that are not needed for relocation processing.
185
186       -K symbolname
187       --keep-symbol=symbolname
188           When stripping symbols, keep symbol symbolname even if it would
189           normally be stripped.  This option may be given more than once.
190
191       -N symbolname
192       --strip-symbol=symbolname
193           Do not copy symbol symbolname from the source file.  This option
194           may be given more than once.
195
196       --strip-unneeded-symbol=symbolname
197           Do not copy symbol symbolname from the source file unless it is
198           needed by a relocation.  This option may be given more than once.
199
200       -G symbolname
201       --keep-global-symbol=symbolname
202           Keep only symbol symbolname global.  Make all other symbols local
203           to the file, so that they are not visible externally.  This option
204           may be given more than once.
205
206       --localize-hidden
207           In an ELF object, mark all symbols that have hidden or internal
208           visibility as local.  This option applies on top of symbol-specific
209           localization options such as -L.
210
211       -L symbolname
212       --localize-symbol=symbolname
213           Make symbol symbolname local to the file, so that it is not visible
214           externally.  This option may be given more than once.
215
216       -W symbolname
217       --weaken-symbol=symbolname
218           Make symbol symbolname weak. This option may be given more than
219           once.
220
221       --globalize-symbol=symbolname
222           Give symbol symbolname global scoping so that it is visible outside
223           of the file in which it is defined.  This option may be given more
224           than once.
225
226       -w
227       --wildcard
228           Permit regular expressions in symbolnames used in other command
229           line options.  The question mark (?), asterisk (*), backslash (\)
230           and square brackets ([]) operators can be used anywhere in the
231           symbol name.  If the first character of the symbol name is the
232           exclamation point (!) then the sense of the switch is reversed for
233           that symbol.  For example:
234
235                     -w -W !foo -W fo*
236
237           would cause objcopy to weaken all symbols that start with "fo"
238           except for the symbol "foo".
239
240       -x
241       --discard-all
242           Do not copy non-global symbols from the source file.
243
244       -X
245       --discard-locals
246           Do not copy compiler-generated local symbols.  (These usually start
247           with L or ..)
248
249       -b byte
250       --byte=byte
251           If interleaving has been enabled via the --interleave option then
252           start the range of bytes to keep at the byteth byte.  byte can be
253           in the range from 0 to breadth-1, where breadth is the value given
254           by the --interleave option.
255
256       -i [breadth]
257       --interleave[=breadth]
258           Only copy a range out of every breadth bytes.  (Header data is not
259           affected).  Select which byte in the range begins the copy with the
260           --byte option.  Select the width of the range with the
261           --interleave-width option.
262
263           This option is useful for creating files to program ROM.  It is
264           typically used with an "srec" output target.  Note that objcopy
265           will complain if you do not specify the --byte option as well.
266
267           The default interleave breadth is 4, so with --byte set to 0,
268           objcopy would copy the first byte out of every four bytes from the
269           input to the output.
270
271       --interleave-width=width
272           When used with the --interleave option, copy width bytes at a time.
273           The start of the range of bytes to be copied is set by the --byte
274           option, and the extent of the range is set with the --interleave
275           option.
276
277           The default value for this option is 1.  The value of width plus
278           the byte value set by the --byte option must not exceed the
279           interleave breadth set by the --interleave option.
280
281           This option can be used to create images for two 16-bit flashes
282           interleaved in a 32-bit bus by passing -b 0 -i 4
283           --interleave-width=2 and -b 2 -i 4 --interleave-width=2 to two
284           objcopy commands.  If the input was '12345678' then the outputs
285           would be '1256' and '3478' respectively.
286
287       -p
288       --preserve-dates
289           Set the access and modification dates of the output file to be the
290           same as those of the input file.
291
292       -D
293       --enable-deterministic-archives
294           Operate in deterministic mode.  When copying archive members and
295           writing the archive index, use zero for UIDs, GIDs, timestamps, and
296           use consistent file modes for all files.
297
298           If binutils was configured with --enable-deterministic-archives,
299           then this mode is on by default.  It can be disabled with the -U
300           option, below.
301
302       -U
303       --disable-deterministic-archives
304           Do not operate in deterministic mode.  This is the inverse of the
305           -D option, above: when copying archive members and writing the
306           archive index, use their actual UID, GID, timestamp, and file mode
307           values.
308
309           This is the default unless binutils was configured with
310           --enable-deterministic-archives.
311
312       --debugging
313           Convert debugging information, if possible.  This is not the
314           default because only certain debugging formats are supported, and
315           the conversion process can be time consuming.
316
317       --gap-fill val
318           Fill gaps between sections with val.  This operation applies to the
319           load address (LMA) of the sections.  It is done by increasing the
320           size of the section with the lower address, and filling in the
321           extra space created with val.
322
323       --pad-to address
324           Pad the output file up to the load address address.  This is done
325           by increasing the size of the last section.  The extra space is
326           filled in with the value specified by --gap-fill (default zero).
327
328       --set-start val
329           Set the start address of the new file to val.  Not all object file
330           formats support setting the start address.
331
332       --change-start incr
333       --adjust-start incr
334           Change the start address by adding incr.  Not all object file
335           formats support setting the start address.
336
337       --change-addresses incr
338       --adjust-vma incr
339           Change the VMA and LMA addresses of all sections, as well as the
340           start address, by adding incr.  Some object file formats do not
341           permit section addresses to be changed arbitrarily.  Note that this
342           does not relocate the sections; if the program expects sections to
343           be loaded at a certain address, and this option is used to change
344           the sections such that they are loaded at a different address, the
345           program may fail.
346
347       --change-section-address sectionpattern{=,+,-}val
348       --adjust-section-vma sectionpattern{=,+,-}val
349           Set or change both the VMA address and the LMA address of any
350           section matching sectionpattern.  If = is used, the section address
351           is set to val.  Otherwise, val is added to or subtracted from the
352           section address.  See the comments under --change-addresses, above.
353           If sectionpattern does not match any sections in the input file, a
354           warning will be issued, unless --no-change-warnings is used.
355
356       --change-section-lma sectionpattern{=,+,-}val
357           Set or change the LMA address of any sections matching
358           sectionpattern.  The LMA address is the address where the section
359           will be loaded into memory at program load time.  Normally this is
360           the same as the VMA address, which is the address of the section at
361           program run time, but on some systems, especially those where a
362           program is held in ROM, the two can be different.  If = is used,
363           the section address is set to val.  Otherwise, val is added to or
364           subtracted from the section address.  See the comments under
365           --change-addresses, above.  If sectionpattern does not match any
366           sections in the input file, a warning will be issued, unless
367           --no-change-warnings is used.
368
369       --change-section-vma sectionpattern{=,+,-}val
370           Set or change the VMA address of any section matching
371           sectionpattern.  The VMA address is the address where the section
372           will be located once the program has started executing.  Normally
373           this is the same as the LMA address, which is the address where the
374           section will be loaded into memory, but on some systems, especially
375           those where a program is held in ROM, the two can be different.  If
376           = is used, the section address is set to val.  Otherwise, val is
377           added to or subtracted from the section address.  See the comments
378           under --change-addresses, above.  If sectionpattern does not match
379           any sections in the input file, a warning will be issued, unless
380           --no-change-warnings is used.
381
382       --change-warnings
383       --adjust-warnings
384           If --change-section-address or --change-section-lma or
385           --change-section-vma is used, and the section pattern does not
386           match any sections, issue a warning.  This is the default.
387
388       --no-change-warnings
389       --no-adjust-warnings
390           Do not issue a warning if --change-section-address or
391           --adjust-section-lma or --adjust-section-vma is used, even if the
392           section pattern does not match any sections.
393
394       --set-section-flags sectionpattern=flags
395           Set the flags for any sections matching sectionpattern.  The flags
396           argument is a comma separated string of flag names.  The recognized
397           names are alloc, contents, load, noload, readonly, code, data, rom,
398           share, and debug.  You can set the contents flag for a section
399           which does not have contents, but it is not meaningful to clear the
400           contents flag of a section which does have contents--just remove
401           the section instead.  Not all flags are meaningful for all object
402           file formats.
403
404       --add-section sectionname=filename
405           Add a new section named sectionname while copying the file.  The
406           contents of the new section are taken from the file filename.  The
407           size of the section will be the size of the file.  This option only
408           works on file formats which can support sections with arbitrary
409           names.
410
411       --rename-section oldname=newname[,flags]
412           Rename a section from oldname to newname, optionally changing the
413           section's flags to flags in the process.  This has the advantage
414           over usng a linker script to perform the rename in that the output
415           stays as an object file and does not become a linked executable.
416
417           This option is particularly helpful when the input format is
418           binary, since this will always create a section called .data.  If
419           for example, you wanted instead to create a section called .rodata
420           containing binary data you could use the following command line to
421           achieve it:
422
423                     objcopy -I binary -O <output_format> -B <architecture> \
424                      --rename-section .data=.rodata,alloc,load,readonly,data,contents \
425                      <input_binary_file> <output_object_file>
426
427       --long-section-names {enable,disable,keep}
428           Controls the handling of long section names when processing "COFF"
429           and "PE-COFF" object formats.  The default behaviour, keep, is to
430           preserve long section names if any are present in the input file.
431           The enable and disable options forcibly enable or disable the use
432           of long section names in the output object; when disable is in
433           effect, any long section names in the input object will be
434           truncated.  The enable option will only emit long section names if
435           any are present in the inputs; this is mostly the same as keep, but
436           it is left undefined whether the enable option might force the
437           creation of an empty string table in the output file.
438
439       --change-leading-char
440           Some object file formats use special characters at the start of
441           symbols.  The most common such character is underscore, which
442           compilers often add before every symbol.  This option tells objcopy
443           to change the leading character of every symbol when it converts
444           between object file formats.  If the object file formats use the
445           same leading character, this option has no effect.  Otherwise, it
446           will add a character, or remove a character, or change a character,
447           as appropriate.
448
449       --remove-leading-char
450           If the first character of a global symbol is a special symbol
451           leading character used by the object file format, remove the
452           character.  The most common symbol leading character is underscore.
453           This option will remove a leading underscore from all global
454           symbols.  This can be useful if you want to link together objects
455           of different file formats with different conventions for symbol
456           names.  This is different from --change-leading-char because it
457           always changes the symbol name when appropriate, regardless of the
458           object file format of the output file.
459
460       --reverse-bytes=num
461           Reverse the bytes in a section with output contents.  A section
462           length must be evenly divisible by the value given in order for the
463           swap to be able to take place. Reversing takes place before the
464           interleaving is performed.
465
466           This option is used typically in generating ROM images for
467           problematic target systems.  For example, on some target boards,
468           the 32-bit words fetched from 8-bit ROMs are re-assembled in
469           little-endian byte order regardless of the CPU byte order.
470           Depending on the programming model, the endianness of the ROM may
471           need to be modified.
472
473           Consider a simple file with a section containing the following
474           eight bytes:  12345678.
475
476           Using --reverse-bytes=2 for the above example, the bytes in the
477           output file would be ordered 21436587.
478
479           Using --reverse-bytes=4 for the above example, the bytes in the
480           output file would be ordered 43218765.
481
482           By using --reverse-bytes=2 for the above example, followed by
483           --reverse-bytes=4 on the output file, the bytes in the second
484           output file would be ordered 34127856.
485
486       --srec-len=ival
487           Meaningful only for srec output.  Set the maximum length of the
488           Srecords being produced to ival.  This length covers both address,
489           data and crc fields.
490
491       --srec-forceS3
492           Meaningful only for srec output.  Avoid generation of S1/S2
493           records, creating S3-only record format.
494
495       --redefine-sym old=new
496           Change the name of a symbol old, to new.  This can be useful when
497           one is trying link two things together for which you have no
498           source, and there are name collisions.
499
500       --redefine-syms=filename
501           Apply --redefine-sym to each symbol pair "old new" listed in the
502           file filename.  filename is simply a flat file, with one symbol
503           pair per line.  Line comments may be introduced by the hash
504           character.  This option may be given more than once.
505
506       --weaken
507           Change all global symbols in the file to be weak.  This can be
508           useful when building an object which will be linked against other
509           objects using the -R option to the linker.  This option is only
510           effective when using an object file format which supports weak
511           symbols.
512
513       --keep-symbols=filename
514           Apply --keep-symbol option to each symbol listed in the file
515           filename.  filename is simply a flat file, with one symbol name per
516           line.  Line comments may be introduced by the hash character.  This
517           option may be given more than once.
518
519       --strip-symbols=filename
520           Apply --strip-symbol option to each symbol listed in the file
521           filename.  filename is simply a flat file, with one symbol name per
522           line.  Line comments may be introduced by the hash character.  This
523           option may be given more than once.
524
525       --strip-unneeded-symbols=filename
526           Apply --strip-unneeded-symbol option to each symbol listed in the
527           file filename.  filename is simply a flat file, with one symbol
528           name per line.  Line comments may be introduced by the hash
529           character.  This option may be given more than once.
530
531       --keep-global-symbols=filename
532           Apply --keep-global-symbol option to each symbol listed in the file
533           filename.  filename is simply a flat file, with one symbol name per
534           line.  Line comments may be introduced by the hash character.  This
535           option may be given more than once.
536
537       --localize-symbols=filename
538           Apply --localize-symbol option to each symbol listed in the file
539           filename.  filename is simply a flat file, with one symbol name per
540           line.  Line comments may be introduced by the hash character.  This
541           option may be given more than once.
542
543       --globalize-symbols=filename
544           Apply --globalize-symbol option to each symbol listed in the file
545           filename.  filename is simply a flat file, with one symbol name per
546           line.  Line comments may be introduced by the hash character.  This
547           option may be given more than once.
548
549       --weaken-symbols=filename
550           Apply --weaken-symbol option to each symbol listed in the file
551           filename.  filename is simply a flat file, with one symbol name per
552           line.  Line comments may be introduced by the hash character.  This
553           option may be given more than once.
554
555       --alt-machine-code=index
556           If the output architecture has alternate machine codes, use the
557           indexth code instead of the default one.  This is useful in case a
558           machine is assigned an official code and the tool-chain adopts the
559           new code, but other applications still depend on the original code
560           being used.  For ELF based architectures if the index alternative
561           does not exist then the value is treated as an absolute number to
562           be stored in the e_machine field of the ELF header.
563
564       --writable-text
565           Mark the output text as writable.  This option isn't meaningful for
566           all object file formats.
567
568       --readonly-text
569           Make the output text write protected.  This option isn't meaningful
570           for all object file formats.
571
572       --pure
573           Mark the output file as demand paged.  This option isn't meaningful
574           for all object file formats.
575
576       --impure
577           Mark the output file as impure.  This option isn't meaningful for
578           all object file formats.
579
580       --prefix-symbols=string
581           Prefix all symbols in the output file with string.
582
583       --prefix-sections=string
584           Prefix all section names in the output file with string.
585
586       --prefix-alloc-sections=string
587           Prefix all the names of all allocated sections in the output file
588           with string.
589
590       --add-gnu-debuglink=path-to-file
591           Creates a .gnu_debuglink section which contains a reference to
592           path-to-file and adds it to the output file.
593
594       --keep-file-symbols
595           When stripping a file, perhaps with --strip-debug or
596           --strip-unneeded, retain any symbols specifying source file names,
597           which would otherwise get stripped.
598
599       --only-keep-debug
600           Strip a file, removing contents of any sections that would not be
601           stripped by --strip-debug and leaving the debugging sections
602           intact.  In ELF files, this preserves all note sections in the
603           output.
604
605           The intention is that this option will be used in conjunction with
606           --add-gnu-debuglink to create a two part executable.  One a
607           stripped binary which will occupy less space in RAM and in a
608           distribution and the second a debugging information file which is
609           only needed if debugging abilities are required.  The suggested
610           procedure to create these files is as follows:
611
612           1.<Link the executable as normal.  Assuming that is is called>
613               "foo" then...
614
615           1.<Run "objcopy --only-keep-debug foo foo.dbg" to>
616               create a file containing the debugging info.
617
618           1.<Run "objcopy --strip-debug foo" to create a>
619               stripped executable.
620
621           1.<Run "objcopy --add-gnu-debuglink=foo.dbg foo">
622               to add a link to the debugging info into the stripped
623               executable.
624
625           Note---the choice of ".dbg" as an extension for the debug info file
626           is arbitrary.  Also the "--only-keep-debug" step is optional.  You
627           could instead do this:
628
629           1.<Link the executable as normal.>
630           1.<Copy "foo" to  "foo.full">
631           1.<Run "objcopy --strip-debug foo">
632           1.<Run "objcopy --add-gnu-debuglink=foo.full foo">
633
634           i.e., the file pointed to by the --add-gnu-debuglink can be the
635           full executable.  It does not have to be a file created by the
636           --only-keep-debug switch.
637
638           Note---this switch is only intended for use on fully linked files.
639           It does not make sense to use it on object files where the
640           debugging information may be incomplete.  Besides the gnu_debuglink
641           feature currently only supports the presence of one filename
642           containing debugging information, not multiple filenames on a one-
643           per-object-file basis.
644
645       --strip-dwo
646           Remove the contents of all DWARF .dwo sections, leaving the
647           remaining debugging sections and all symbols intact.  This option
648           is intended for use by the compiler as part of the -gsplit-dwarf
649           option, which splits debug information between the .o file and a
650           separate .dwo file.  The compiler generates all debug information
651           in the same file, then uses the --extract-dwo option to copy the
652           .dwo sections to the .dwo file, then the --strip-dwo option to
653           remove those sections from the original .o file.
654
655       --extract-dwo
656           Extract the contents of all DWARF .dwo sections.  See the
657           --strip-dwo option for more information.
658
659       --file-alignment num
660           Specify the file alignment.  Sections in the file will always begin
661           at file offsets which are multiples of this number.  This defaults
662           to 512.  [This option is specific to PE targets.]
663
664       --heap reserve
665       --heap reserve,commit
666           Specify the number of bytes of memory to reserve (and optionally
667           commit) to be used as heap for this program.  [This option is
668           specific to PE targets.]
669
670       --image-base value
671           Use value as the base address of your program or dll.  This is the
672           lowest memory location that will be used when your program or dll
673           is loaded.  To reduce the need to relocate and improve performance
674           of your dlls, each should have a unique base address and not
675           overlap any other dlls.  The default is 0x400000 for executables,
676           and 0x10000000 for dlls.  [This option is specific to PE targets.]
677
678       --section-alignment num
679           Sets the section alignment.  Sections in memory will always begin
680           at addresses which are a multiple of this number.  Defaults to
681           0x1000.  [This option is specific to PE targets.]
682
683       --stack reserve
684       --stack reserve,commit
685           Specify the number of bytes of memory to reserve (and optionally
686           commit) to be used as stack for this program.  [This option is
687           specific to PE targets.]
688
689       --subsystem which
690       --subsystem which:major
691       --subsystem which:major.minor
692           Specifies the subsystem under which your program will execute.  The
693           legal values for which are "native", "windows", "console", "posix",
694           "efi-app", "efi-bsd", "efi-rtd", "sal-rtd", and "xbox".  You may
695           optionally set the subsystem version also.  Numeric values are also
696           accepted for which.  [This option is specific to PE targets.]
697
698       --extract-symbol
699           Keep the file's section flags and symbols but remove all section
700           data.  Specifically, the option:
701
702           *<removes the contents of all sections;>
703           *<sets the size of every section to zero; and>
704           *<sets the file's start address to zero.>
705
706           This option is used to build a .sym file for a VxWorks kernel.  It
707           can also be a useful way of reducing the size of a --just-symbols
708           linker input file.
709
710       --compress-debug-sections
711           Compress DWARF debug sections using zlib.
712
713       --decompress-debug-sections
714           Decompress DWARF debug sections using zlib.
715
716       -V
717       --version
718           Show the version number of objcopy.
719
720       -v
721       --verbose
722           Verbose output: list all object files modified.  In the case of
723           archives, objcopy -V lists all members of the archive.
724
725       --help
726           Show a summary of the options to objcopy.
727
728       --info
729           Display a list showing all architectures and object formats
730           available.
731
732       @file
733           Read command-line options from file.  The options read are inserted
734           in place of the original @file option.  If file does not exist, or
735           cannot be read, then the option will be treated literally, and not
736           removed.
737
738           Options in file are separated by whitespace.  A whitespace
739           character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire
740           option in either single or double quotes.  Any character (including
741           a backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be
742           included with a backslash.  The file may itself contain additional
743           @file options; any such options will be processed recursively.
744

SEE ALSO

746       ld(1), objdump(1), and the Info entries for binutils.
747
749       Copyright (c) 1991-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
750
751       Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
752       under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
753       any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
754       Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover
755       Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
756       Free Documentation License".
757
758
759
760binutils-2.24                     2020-01-29                        OBJCOPY(1)
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