1EXIV2(1) General Commands Manual EXIV2(1)
2
6 exiv2 - Image metadata manipulation tool
7
9 exiv2 [options] [action] file ...
10
12 exiv2 is a program to read and write Exif, IPTC, XMP metadata and image
13 comments and can read many vendor makernote tags. The program option‐
14 ally converts between Exif tags, XMP properties and IPTC datasets as
15 recommended by the Exif Standard, the IPTC Standard, the XMP specifica‐
16 tion and Metadata Working Group guidelines.
17 The following image formats are supported:
18 Type Exif IPTC XMP Image Comments ICC Profile
20 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
21 JPEG Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write
22 EXV Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write
23 CR2 Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write - Read/Write
24 CRW Read/Write - - Read/Write -
25 MRW Read Read Read - -
26 TIFF Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write - Read/Write
27 WEBP Read/Write - Read/Write - Read/Write
28 DNG Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write - Read/Write
29 NEF Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write - Read/Write
30 PEF Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write - Read/Write
31 ARW Read Read Read - -
32 RW2 Read Read Read - -
33 SR2 Read Read Read - -
34 SRW Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write - -
35 ORF Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write - -
36 PNG Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write
37 PGF Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write
38 RAF Read Read Read - -
39 EPS - - Read/Write - -
40 XMP - - Read/Write - -
41 GIF - - - - -
42 PSD Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write - -
43 TGA - - - - -
44 BMP - - - - -
45 JP2 Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write - Read/Write
46 · Support for GIF, TGA and BMP images is minimal: the image format is
48 recognized, a MIME type assigned to it and the height and width of
49 the image are determined.
50 · Reading other TIFF-like RAW image formats, which are not listed in
52 the table, may also work.
53
55 The action argument is only required if it is not clear from the
56 options which action is implied.
57 pr | print
59 Print image metadata. This is the default action, i.e., the com‐
60 mand exiv2 image.jpg will print a summary of the image Exif
61 metadata.
62 ex | extract
64 Extract metadata to *.exv, XMP sidecar (*.xmp) and thumbnail
65 image files. Modification commands can be applied on-the-fly.
66 in | insert
68 Insert metadata from corresponding *.exv, XMP sidecar (*.xmp)
69 and thumbnail files. Use option -S .suf to change the suffix of
70 the input files. Since files of any supported format can be used
71 as input files, this command can be used to copy the metadata
72 between files of different formats. Modification commands can be
73 applied on-the-fly.
74 rm | delete
76 Delete image metadata from the files.
77 ad | adjust
79 Adjust Exif timestamps by the given time. Requires at least one
80 of the options -a time, -Y yrs, -O mon or -D day.
81 mo | modify
83 Apply commands to modify (add, set, delete) the Exif, IPTC and
84 XMP metadata of image files. Requires option -c, -m or -M.
85 mv | rename
87 Rename files and/or set file timestamps according to the Exif
88 create timestamp. Uses the value of tag Exif.Photo.DateTimeOrig‐
89 inal or, if not present, Exif.Image.DateTime to determine the
90 timestamp. The filename format can be set with -r fmt, timestamp
91 options are -t and -T.
92 fi | fixiso
94 Copy the ISO setting from one of the proprietary Nikon or Canon
95 makernote ISO tags to the regular Exif ISO tag,
96 Exif.Photo.ISOSpeedRatings. Does not overwrite an existing stan‐
97 dard Exif ISO tag.
98 fc | fixcom
100 Fix the character encoding of Exif Unicode user comments.
101 Decodes the comment using the auto-detected or specified charac‐
102 ter encoding and writes it back in UCS-2. Use option -n to spec‐
103 ify the current encoding of the comment if necessary.
104
106 exiv2 [ opt [arg] ]+ [ act ] file ...
107 option [arg] long option description
109 -a tim --adjust Modify time stamps. [+|-]HH[:MM[:SS[.mmm]]]
110 -b --binary Show large binary values (default is to restrict them).
111 -c txt --comment JPEG comment string to set in the image ('modify' action). ...
112 -d tgt --delete Delete target(s) for the 'delete' action. ...
113 -D +-n --days Time adjustment by a positive or negative number of days ...
114 -e tgt --extract Extract target(s) for the 'extract' action.
115 -f --force Do not prompt before overwriting existing files ...
116 -F --Force Do not prompt before renaming files (Force rename) ...
117 -g key --grep Only output info for this Exiv2 key
118 -h --help Display help and exit.
119 -i tgt --insert Insert target(s) for the 'insert' action. ...
120 -k --keep Preserve file timestamps when updating files
121 -K key --key Report key. Similar to -g (grep) however key must match exactly.
122 -l dir --location Location (directory) for files to be inserted or extracted.
123 -m file --modify read commands from cmd-file
124 -M cmd --Modify Command line for the 'modify' action. ...
125 -n enc --encode Charset to decode Exif Unicode user comments. See: man 3 iconv_open
126 -O +-n --months Time adjustment by a positive or negative number of months, ...
127 -p mod --print Print report (common reports)
128 -P flg --Print Print report (fine grained control)
129 -q --quiet Silence warnings and error messages from the Exiv2 library ...
130 -Q lvl --log Set the log-level to 'd'(ebug), 'i'(nfo), 'w'(arning), 'e'(rror)
131 -r fmt --rename Filename format for the 'rename' action. ...
132 -S suf --suffix Use suffix .suf for source files for insert command.
133 -t --timestamp Set the file timestamp according to the Exif create timestamp ...
134 -T --Timestamp Only set the file timestamp according to Exif create timestamp ...
135 -u --unknown Show unknown tags ...
136 -v --verbose verbose
137 -V --version Show the program version and exit.
138 -Y +-n --years Time adjustment by a positive or negative number of years ...
139 act pr | ex | in | rm | ad | mo | mv | fi | fc
141 print, extract, insert, delete, adjust, modify, rename, fixiso, fixcom
142 cmd See "Commands" below.
144 flg E | I | X | x | g | k | l | n | y | c | s | v | t | h
146 Exif, IPTC, XMP, num, grp, key, label, name, type, count, size, vanilla, translated, hex
147 fmt Default format is %Y%m%d_%H%M%S.
149 lvl d | i | i | w | e
151 debug, info, warning, error
152 mod s | a | e | t | v | h | i | x | c | p | i | C | R | S | X
154 summary, all, exif, translated, vanilla, hex, iptc, xmp, comment, preview,
155 ICC Profile, Recursive Structure, Simple Structure, raw XMP
156 tgt a | c | e | i | p | t | x | C | X | XX | -
158 all, comment, exif, iptc, preview, thumb, xmp, ICC Profile, SideCar, RawXMP, stdin/out
159
161 -h Display help and exit.
162 -V Show the program version and exit.
164 When -V is combined with -v (Verbose version), build information
165 is printed to standard output along with a list of shared
166 libraries which have been loaded into memory. Verbose version is
167 supported on Windows (MSVC, Cygwin and MinGW builds), macOS and
168 Linux and is provided for test and debugging.
169 -v Be verbose during the program run.
171 -q Silence warnings and error messages from the Exiv2 library dur‐
173 ing the program run (quiet). Note that options -v and -q can be
174 used at the same time.
175 -Q lvl Set the log-level to 'd'(ebug), 'i'(nfo), 'w'(arning), 'e'(rror)
177 or 'm'(ute). The default log-level is 'w'. -Qm is equivalent to
178 -q. All log messages are written to standard error.
179 -b The output from large binary values is to restricted by default.
181 When outputting the value of a large value such as MakerNote,
182 the default behaviour is to restrict the data and end with
183 "...". The option --binary enables you to see all the data.
184 -u Show unknown tags (default is to suppress tags which don't have
186 a name).
187 -g key Only keys which match the given key (grep).
189 Multiple -g options can be used to filter info to less keys.
190 Example: exiv2 -v -V -g webready -g time. The default exiv2
191 command prints a "summary report" which is quite short. When
192 you use -g without a -pmod option, you do not get a summary
193 report and in effect you get -g pattern -pa image ...
194 $ bin/exiv2 -g Date http://clanmills.com/Stonehenge.jpg
196 Exif.Image.DateTime Ascii 20 2015:07:16 20:25:28
197 Exif.Photo.DateTimeOriginal Ascii 20 2015:07:16 15:38:54
198 Exif.Photo.DateTimeDigitized Ascii 20 2015:07:16 15:38:54
199 Exif.NikonWt.DateDisplayFormat Byte 1 Y/M/D
200 Exif.GPSInfo.GPSDateStamp Ascii 11 2015:07:16
201 Xmp.xmp.ModifyDate XmpText 25 2015-07-16T20:25:28+01:00
202 You may use -pmod filters to further filter output. For exam‐
204 ple:
205 $ bin/exiv2 -px -g Date http://clanmills.com/Stonehenge.jpg
206 Xmp.xmp.ModifyDate XmpText 25 2015-07-16T20:25:28+01:00
207 The option -g (--grep) applies to keys and not values.
209 The key may finish with the optional modifier /i to indicate
210 case insensitive.
211 -K key Only report data for given key.
213 Multiple -K options can be used to report more than a single
214 key.
215 $ exiv2 -K Exif.Photo.DateTimeDigitized -K Exif.Photo.DateTimeOriginal -pt R.jpg
216 Exif.Photo.DateTimeOriginal Ascii 20 2011:09:18 16:25:48
217 Exif.Photo.DateTimeDigitized Ascii 20 2011:09:18 16:25:48
218 -n enc Charset to use to decode Exif Unicode user comments. enc is a
220 name understood by iconv_open(3), e.g., 'UTF-8'.
221 -k Preserve file timestamps when updating files (keep). Can be used
223 with all options which update files. The flag is ignored by
224 read-only options.
225 -t Set the file timestamp according to the Exif create timestamp in
227 addition to renaming the file (overrides -k). This option is
228 only used with the 'rename' action. See Exif DateTime below for
229 additional information.
230 -T Only set the file timestamp according to the Exif create time‐
232 stamp, do not rename the file (overrides -k). This option is
233 only used with the 'rename' action. Note: On Windows you may
234 have to set the TZ environment variable for this option to work
235 correctly. See Exif DateTime below for additional information.
236 -f,-F These options are used by the commands 'rename' and 'extract' to
238 determine the file overwrite policy. These options are usually
239 combined with -v/--verbose to provide additional status output.
240 The options --force and --Force apply to the 'rename' command.
242 The 'extract' command treats --force and --Force as permission
243 to overwrite.
244 The default behaviour is to prompt the user.
246 -f = Do not prompt before overwriting existing files.
247 -F = Do not prompt before renaming files. Appends '_1' ('_2',
248 ...) to the name of the new file. For example:
249 $ curl --silent -O http://clanmills.com/Stonehenge.jpg
251 $ exiv2 --verbose --Force rename Stonehenge.jpg
252 File 1/1: Stonehenge.jpg
253 Renaming file to ./20150716_153854.jpg
254 $ curl --silent -O http://clanmills.com/Stonehenge.jpg
255 $ exiv2 --verbose --Force rename Stonehenge.jpg
256 File 1/1: Stonehenge.jpg
257 Renaming file to ./20150716_153854_1.jpg
258 The 'rename' command will only overwrite files when the option
260 --force is used. The option --Force is provided to avoid unin‐
261 tentional loss of valuable image files.
262 The 'extract' command will overwrite files when either --force
264 or --Force is used. Overwriting extracted files will not cause
265 the loss of image files.
266 -r fmt Filename format for the 'rename' action. The format string fol‐
268 lows strftime(3) and supports the following keywords:
269 :basename: original filename without extension
271 :dirname: name of the directory holding the original file
272 :parentname: name of parent directory
273 Default filename format is %Y%m%d_%H%M%S.
274 -a time
276 Time adjustment in the format [-]HH[:MM[:SS]]. This option is
277 only used with the 'adjust' action. Examples: 1 adds one hour,
278 1:01 adds one hour and one minute, -0:00:30 subtracts 30 sec‐
279 onds. See Exif DateTime below for additional information.
280 -Y yrs Time adjustment by a positive or negative number of years, for
282 the 'adjust' action.
283 -O mon Time adjustment by a positive or negative number of months, for
285 the 'adjust' action.
286 -D day Time adjustment by a positive or negative number of days, for
288 the 'adjust' action.
289 -p mode
291 Print mode for the 'print' action. Possible modes are:
292 s : print a summary of the Exif metadata (the default)
294 a : print Exif, IPTC and XMP metadata (shortcut for -Pkyct)
295 e : print Exif metadata (shortcut for -PEkycv)
296 t : interpreted (translated) Exif tags (-PEkyct)
297 v : plain Exif tag values (-PExgnycv)
298 h : hexdump of the Exif data (-PExgnycsh)
299 i : IPTC datasets (-PIkyct)
300 x : XMP properties (-PXkyct)
301 c : JPEG comment
302 p : list available image previews, sorted by preview image size in pixels
304 C : print image ICC Profile (jpg, png, tiff, webp, cr2, jp2 only)
305 R : print image structure recursively (jpg, png, tiff, webp, cr2, jp2 only)
306 S : print image structure information (jpg, png, tiff, webp, cr2, jp2 only)
307 X : print "raw" XMP (jpg, png, tiff, webp, cr2, jp2 only)
308 -P flgs
310 Print flags for fine control of the tag list ('print' action).
311 Allows control of the type of metadata as well as data columns
312 included in the print output. Valid flags are:
313 E : include Exif tags in the list
315 I : IPTC datasets
316 X : XMP properties
317 x : print a column with the tag number
318 g : group name
319 k : key
320 l : tag label
321 n : tag name
322 y : type
323 c : number of components (count)
324 s : size in bytes
325 v : plain data value (vanilla values)
326 V : plain data value AND the word 'set ' (for use with exiv2 -m-)
327 t : interpreted (translated) human readable data
328 h : hexdump of the data
329 -d tgt Delete target(s) for the 'delete' action. Possible targets are:
331 a : all supported metadata (the default)
333 e : Exif section
334 t : Exif thumbnail only
335 i : IPTC data
336 x : XMP packet
337 c : JPEG comment
338 C : ICC Profile
339 I : All IPTC data
340 -i tgt Insert target(s) for the 'insert' action. Possible targets are
342 the same as those for the -d option, plus an optional modifier:
343 X : Insert metadata from an XMP sidecar file <file>.xmp. The
345 remaining insert targets determine what metadata to insert from
346 the sidecar file. Possible are Exif, IPTC and XMP and the
347 default is all of these. Note that the inserted XMP properties
348 include those converted to Exif and IPTC.
349 XX: Insert "raw" XMP metadata from a sidecar (see option -pX)
351 - : Read from stdin. This option is intended for "filter" oper‐
353 ations such as:
354 $ exiv2 -e{tgt}- filename | xmllint .... | exiv2 -i{tgt}- file‐
355 name
356 Only JPEG thumbnails can be inserted (not TIFF thumbnails), and
358 must be named file-thumb.jpg.
359 -e tgt Extract target(s) for the 'extract' action. Possible targets are
361 the same as those for the -d option, plus a target to extract
362 preview images and a modifier to generate an XMP sidecar file:
363 p[<n>[,<m> ...]] : Extract preview images. The optional comma
364 separated list of preview image numbers is used to determine
365 which preview images to extract. The available preview images
366 and their numbers are displayed with the 'print' option -pp.
367 C : Extract embedded ICC profile to <file>.icc
369 X : Extract metadata to an XMP sidecar file <file>.xmp. The
371 remaining extract targets determine what metadata to extract to
372 the sidecar file. Possible are Exif, IPTC and XMP and the
373 default is all of these.
374 XX: Extract "raw" XMP metadata to a sidecar (see -pX)
376 You may not use modify commands with the -eXX option and only
377 XMP is written to the sidecar.
378 - Output to stdout (see -i tgt for an example of this feature)
380 -c txt JPEG comment string to set in the image ('modify' action). This
383 option can also be used with the 'extract' and 'insert' actions
384 to modify metadata on-the-fly.
385 -m file
387 Command file for the 'modify' action. This option can also be
388 used with the 'extract' and 'insert' actions to modify metadata
389 on-the-fly. -m- represents standard-input.
390 -M cmd Command line for the 'modify' action. This option can also be
392 used with the 'extract' and 'insert' actions to modify metadata
393 on-the-fly. The format for the commands is the same as that of
394 the lines of a command file.
395 -l dir Location (directory) for files to be inserted or extracted.
397 -S .suf
399 Use suffix .suf for source files in 'insert' action.
400
402 Commands for the 'modify' action can be read from a command file, e.g.,
403 $ exiv2 -m cmd.txt image.jpg
405 or given on the command line, as in
407 $ exiv2 -M"add Iptc.Application2.Credit String Mr. Smith" image.jpg
409 Note the quotes. Multiple -m and -M options can be combined, and a non-
411 standard XMP namespace registered.
412 $ exiv2 -M"reg myprefix http://ns.myprefix.me/" -M"add Xmp.myprefix.Whom Mr. Smith" -M"set Exif.Image.Artist Mr. Smith" image.jpg
414 When writing Exif, IPTC and XMP metadata, exiv2 enforces only a correct
416 metadata structure. It is possible to write tags with types and values
417 different from those specified in the standards, duplicate Exif tags,
418 undefined tags, or incomplete metadata. While exiv2 is able to read all
419 metadata that it can write, other programs may have difficulties with
420 images that contain non standard-conforming metadata.
421 Command format
423 The format of a command is
424 set | add | del key [[type] value]
426 set Set the value of an existing tag with a matching key or add the
428 tag.
429 add Add a tag (unless key is a non-repeatable IPTC key; nothing pre‐
431 vents you from adding duplicate Exif tags).
432 del Delete all occurrences of a tag (requires only a key).
434 key Exiv2 Exif, IPTC or XMP key.
436 type Exif keys: Byte | Ascii | Short | Long | Rational | Undefined |
438 SShort | SLong | SRational | Comment
439 IPTC keys: String | Date | Time | Short | Undefined
440 XMP keys: XmpAlt | XmpBag | XmpSeq | LangAlt
441 A default type is used if none is explicitly given. The default
443 is determined based on key.
444 value The remaining text on the line is the value. It can optionally
446 be enclosed in single quotes ('value') or double quotes
447 ("value").
448 The value is optional. Not providing any value is equivalent to
450 an empty value ("") and is mainly useful to create an XMP array
451 property, e.g., a bag.
452 The format of Exif Comment values include an optional charset
454 specification at the beginning. Comments are used by the tags
455 Exif.Photo.UserComment, Exif.GPSInfo.GPSProcessingMethod and
456 Exif.GPSInfo.GPSAreaInformation. Comments are stored as Unde‐
457 fined tags with an 8 byte encoding definition follow by the
458 encoded data. The charset is specified as follows:
459 [charset=Ascii|Jis|Unicode|Undefined] comment
461 charset=Undefined is the default
462 $ exiv2 -M'set Exif.Photo.UserComment charset=Ascii My photo' x.jpg
464 $ exiv2 -pa --grep UserComment x.jpg
465 Exif.Photo.UserComment Undefined 16 My photo
466 $ exiv2 -pv --grep UserComment x.jpg
467 0x9286 Photo UserComment Undefined 16 charset=Ascii My photo
468 $ exiv2 -M'set Exif.Photo.UserComment charset=Unicode \u0052\u006f\u0062\u0069\u006e' x.jpg
470 $ exiv2 -pa --grep UserComment x.jpg
471 Exif.Photo.UserComment Undefined 18 Robin
472 $ exiv2 -pv --grep UserComment x.jpg
473 0x9286 Photo UserComment Undefined 18 charset=Unicode Robin
474 $ exiv2 -M'set Exif.GPSInfo.GPSProcessingMethod HYBRID-FIX' x.jpg
476 $ exiv2 -pa --grep ProcessingMethod x.jpg
477 Exif.GPSInfo.GPSProcessingMethod Undefined 18 HYBRID-FIX
478 $ exiv2 -pv --grep ProcessingMethod x.jpg
479 0x001b GPSInfo GPSProcessingMethod Undefined 18 HYBRID-FIX
480 The format for an IPTC Date value is: YYYY-MM-DD (year, month,
482 day)
483 The format for an IPTC Time value is: HH:MM:SS (hours, minutes,
485 seconds) and may optionally be followed by: -HH:MM or +HH:MM
486 (hours, minutes ahead/behind UTC)
487 The format of Rational (and SRational) is one of: integer |
489 integer/integer | Fnumber | number
490 Rational Examples:
491 $ exiv2 "-Mset Exif.Photo.MaxApertureValue 557429/62500" X.jpg
493 $ exiv2 "-Mset Exif.Photo.MaxApertureValue F5.6" X.jpg
494 The Rational format Fnumber is for the convenience of setting
496 aperture values. Aperture values are stored in Exif is an APEX
497 value which can be evaluated by the expression:
498 apex-value = log(Fnumber) * 2.0 / log(2.0)
500 number = exp(apex-value * log(2.0) / 2.0)
501 The Rational format Fnumber is valid for any Rational, even when
503 the key is not an Aperture. More information about APEX value
504 is available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEX_system
505 The format of XMP LangAlt values includes an optional language
507 qualifier:
508 lang="language-code" text
509 lang="x-default" is used if the value doesn't start with a lan‐
511 guage qualifier.
512 $ exiv2 -M'set Xmp.dc.title lang="de-DE" Euros' X.jpg
514 $ exiv2 -M'set Xmp.dc.title lang="en-GB" Pounds' X.jpg
515 $ exiv2 -M'set Xmp.dc.title lang="en-US" In God We Trust' X.jpg
516 $ exiv2 -M'set Xmp.dc.title All others pay cash' X.jpg
517 To remove a language specification, set the value to '' (empty
519 string)
520 $ exiv2 -M'set Xmp.dc.title lang="en-US"' X.jpg
521 To remove all language specifications, delete the key:
522 $ exiv2 -M'del Xmp.dc.title' X.jpg
523 To register additional XMP namespaces, combine the command with:
524 reg prefix namespace
525 Command file format
527 Empty lines and lines starting with # in a command file are ignored
528 (comments). Remaining lines are commands as described above.
529
531 Exiv2 displays metadata tags and values.
532 The tag is a triplet of Family.Group.Tagname. The following groups are
534 defined for the family Exif:
535 GPSInfo Canon Fujifilm NikonLd1 OlympusFe1 Pentax
537 Image CanonCf NikonLd2 OlympusFe2 PentaxDng
538 Image2 CanonCs Nikon1 NikonLd3 OlympusFe3
539 Image3 CanonF1 Nikon2 NikonMe OlympusFe4 Samsung2
540 Iop CanonPa Nikon3 NikonPc OlympusFe5 SamsungPictureWizard
541 MakerNote CanonPi NikonAFT NikonPreview OlympusFe6 SamsungPreview
542 MpfInfo CanonPr NikonAf NikonSi01xx OlympusFe7
543 Photo CanonSi NikonAf2 NikonSi02xx OlympusFe8 Sony1
544 SubImage1 CanonTi NikonAf22 NikonSiD300a OlympusFe9 Sony1Cs
545 SubImage2 NikonCb1 NikonSiD300b OlympusFi Sony1Cs2
546 SubImage3 Casio NikonCb2 NikonSiD40 OlympusIp Sony1MltCs7D
547 SubImage4 Casio2 NikonCb2a NikonSiD80 OlympusRd Sony1MltCsA100
548 SubImage5 NikonCb3 NikonVr OlympusRd2 Sony1MltCsNew
549 SubImage6 Minolta NikonCb4 NikonWt OlympusRi Sony1MltCsOld
550 SubImage7 MinoltaCs5D NikonFi Sony2
551 SubImage8 MinoltaCs7D NikonFl1 Olympus Panasonic Sony2Cs
552 SubImage9 MinoltaCsNew NikonFl2 Olympus2 PanasonicRaw Sony2Cs2
553 SubThumb1 MinoltaCsOld NikonFl3 OlympusCs Sony2Fp
554 Thumbnail NikonIi OlympusEq Sigma SonyMinolta
555 Exiv2 supports Exif 2.2 Standard Tags. Exiv2 also supports reading and
557 writing manufacturer's MakerNote. The information in Exif.Photo.Maker‐
558 Note is encoded as manufacturer's sub-records. For example, CanonCs
559 are Camera Settings, NikonAf are Nikon Auto Focus records, NikonCb are
560 Nikon Color Balance Records. Every tag is defined by a unique tagId
561 (16 bit integer) which is unique within a Group.
562 You can query Exiv2 groups and tags with the sample program taglist
564 which is documented in README-SAMPLES.md
565 Exif Metadata values are defined in the Exif Standard. All data is an
567 array of data elements. The Count defines the number elements in the
568 array. All elements in an array have the same type.
569 Type Explanation
571 1 BYTE An 8-bit unsigned integer.
572 2 ASCII 7-bit ASCII. NUL terminated.
573 3 SHORT A 16-bit (2-byte) unsigned integer.
574 4 LONG A 32-bit (4-byte) unsigned integer
575 5 RATIONAL Two LONGs. Numerator, denominator.
576 7 UNDEFINED An 8-bit byte.
577 8 SSHORT A 16-bit (2-byte) signed integer.
578 9 SLONG A 32-bit (4-byte) signed integer.
579 10 SRATIONAL Two SLONGs. Numerator, denominator.
580 The printing flag t = translated and is intended for human use.
582 Scripts should never use translated values as they are localised and
583 the format may change as Exiv2 evolves. The printing flag v reports
584 the values recorded in the metadata and should be used by scripts.
585
587 An Exif DateTime string is stored as 20 ascii bytes (including trailing
588 nul) in the format:
589 YYYY:MM:DD HH:MM:SS
591 The exiv2 command-line program options -t and -T will accept files in
593 which the Date has been incorrectly stored as YYYY-MM-DD. The option
594 -a enables the user to adjust the DateTime in the file and applies the
595 YYYY:MM:DD HH:MM:SS standard.
596
599 Exiv2 can read an optional configuration file ~/.exiv2 on Unix systems
600 and %USERPROFILE%\exiv2.ini on Windows (using a Visual Studio build).
601 Cygwin and MinGW/msys2 follow the unix convention and use ~/.exiv2 You
602 can determine the location of the configuration file with the command:
603 $ exiv2 --verbose --version --grep config_path
605 exiv2 0.27.0.1
606 config_path=/Users/rmills/.exiv2
607 The purpose of the configuration file is to define your own lenses for
609 recognition by Exiv2. The configuration file is in Windows .ini format
610 and has sections for each of the major camera manufactures
611 canon,nikon,pentax,minolta,olympus and sony. The lens metadata is
612 stored as a integer called the lensID. You can change the lens name
613 associated with any lensID.
614 $ cat ~/.exiv2
616 [nikon]
617 146=Robin's Sigma Lens <--- The name of your lens
618 You obtain the lensID for your camera with the command:
620 $ exiv2 -pv --grep lens/i http://clanmills.com/Stonehenge.jpg
621 0x0083 Nikon3 LensType Byte 1 14
622 0x0084 Nikon3 Lens Rational 4 180/10 2500/10 35/10 63/10
623 0x008b Nikon3 LensFStops Undefined 4 55 1 12 0
624 0x000c NikonLd3 LensIDNumber Byte 1 146 <--- This number
625 0x000d NikonLd3 LensFStops Byte 1 55
626
628 $ exiv2 *.jpg
629 Prints a summary of the Exif information for all JPEG files in the
630 directory. The summary report is rather brief and presentation does
631 not use the Family.Group.Tag convention.
632 If you use --grep pattern, the default becomes -pa. See -g/grep above.
634 $ exiv2 -g Date http://clanmills.com/Stonehenge.jpg
637 $ exiv2 -pi image.jpg
638 Prints the IPTC metadata of the image.
639 $ exiv2 rename img_1234.jpg
641 Renames img_1234.jpg (taken on 13-Nov-05 at 22:58:31) to
642 20051113_225831.jpg
643 $ exiv2 -r'basename_%Y%m' rename img_1234.jpg
645 Renames img_1234.jpg to img_1234_200511.jpg
646 $ exiv2 -et img1.jpg img2.jpg
648 Extracts the Exif thumbnails from the two files into img1-thumb.jpg and
649 img2-thumb.jpg.
650 $ exiv2 -it img1.jpg img2.jpg
652 Inserts (copies) metadata from img1.exv to img1.jpg and from img2.exv
653 to img2.jpg.
654 $ exiv2 -ep1,2 image.jpg
656 Extracts previews 1 and 2 from the image to the files image-pre‐
657 view1.jpg and image-preview2.jpg.
658 $ exiv2 -eiX image.jpg
660 Extracts IPTC datasets into an XMP sidecar file image.xmp and in the
661 process converts them to "IPTC Core" XMP schema.
662 $ exiv2 -iixX image.jpg
664 Inserts IPTC and XMP metadata from an XMP sidecar file image.xmp into
665 image.jpg. The resulting IPTC datasets are converted from the "IPTC
666 Core" XMP schema properties in the sidecar file to the older IPTC IIM4
667 format. The inserted XMP properties include those in the "IPTC Core"
668 XMP schema.
669 $ exiv2 -M"set Exif.Photo.UserComment charset=Ascii New Exif comment" image.jpg
671 Sets the Exif comment to an ASCII string.
672 $ exiv2 -M"set Exif.GPSInfo.GPSLatitude 4/1 15/1 33/1" \ -M"set Exif.GPSInfo.GPSLatitudeRef N" image.jpg
674 Sets the latitude to 4 degrees, 15 minutes and 33 seconds north. The
675 Exif standard stipulates that the GPSLatitude tag consists of three
676 Rational numbers for the degrees, minutes and seconds of the latitude
677 and GPSLatitudeRef contains either 'N' or 'S' for north or south lati‐
678 tude respectively.
679 $ exiv2 insert -l/tmp -S.CRW /data/*.JPG
681 Copy all metadata from CRW files in the /tmp directory to JPG files
682 with corresponding basenames in the /data directory. Note that this
683 copies metadata as is, without any modifications to adapt it to the
684 requirements of the target format. Some tags copied like this may not
685 make sense in the target image.
686
689 https://exiv2.org/sample.html#modify
690 Sample command files.
691 https://exiv2.org/metadata.html
692 Taglists with key and default type values.
693
695 exiv2 was written by Andreas Huggel and others.
696 The Exiv2 project web site is https://exiv2.org.
697 The code is hosted on GitHub at https://github.com/exiv2/exiv2
698 May 12, 2020 EXIV2(1)
