1INKSCAPE(1)                Inkscape Commands Manual                INKSCAPE(1)
2
3
4

NAME

6       Inkscape - an SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) editing program.
7

SYNOPSIS

9       "inkscape [options] [filename_1 filename_2 ...]"
10
11       options:
12
13           -?, --help
14           -V, --version
15               --system-data-directory
16               --user-data-directory
17
18           -p, --pipe
19               --pdf-page=PAGE
20               --pdf-poppler
21               --convert-dpi-method=METHOD
22               --no-convert-text-baseline-spacing
23
24           -o, --export-filename=FILENAME
25               --export-overwrite
26               --export-type=TYPE[,TYPE]*
27
28           -C, --export-area-page
29           -D, --export-area-drawing
30           -a, --export-area=x0:y0:x1:y1
31               --export-area-snap
32           -d, --export-dpi=DPI
33           -w, --export-width=WIDTH
34           -h, --export-height=HEIGHT
35               --export-margin=MARGIN
36
37           -i, --export-id=OBJECT-ID[;OBJECT-ID]*
38           -j, --export-id-only
39           -l, --export-plain-svg
40               --export-ps-level=LEVEL
41               --export-pdf-version=VERSION
42           -T, --export-text-to-path
43               --export-latex
44               --export-ignore-filters
45           -t, --export-use-hints
46           -b, --export-background=COLOR
47           -y, --export-background-opacity=VALUE
48
49           -I, --query-id=OBJECT-ID[,OBJECT-ID]*
50           -S, --query-all
51           -X, --query-x
52           -Y, --query-y
53           -W, --query-width
54           -H, --query-height
55
56               --vacuum-defs
57               --select=OBJECT-ID[,OBJECT-ID]*
58               --actions=ACTION(:ARG)[;ACTION(:ARG)]*
59               --action-list
60               --verb=VERB[;VERB]*
61               --verb-list
62
63           -g, --with-gui
64               --batch-process
65               --shell
66

DESCRIPTION

68       Inkscape is a GUI editor for Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) format
69       drawing files, with capabilities similar to Adobe Illustrator,
70       CorelDraw, Xara Xtreme, etc. Inkscape features include versatile
71       shapes, bezier paths, freehand drawing, multi-line text, text on path,
72       alpha blending, arbitrary affine transforms, gradient and pattern
73       fills, node editing, many export and import formats including PNG and
74       PDF, grouping, layers, live clones, and a lot more.  The interface is
75       designed to be comfortable and efficient for skilled users, while
76       remaining conformant to GNOME standards so that users familiar with
77       other GNOME applications can learn its interface rapidly.
78
79       SVG is a W3C standard XML format for 2D vector drawing. It allows
80       defining objects in the drawing using points, paths, and primitive
81       shapes.  Colors, fonts, stroke width, and so forth are specified as
82       `style' attributes to these objects.  The intent is that since SVG is a
83       standard, and since its files are text/xml, it will be possible to use
84       SVG files in a sizeable number of programs and for a wide range of
85       uses.
86
87       Inkscape uses SVG as its native document format, and has the goal of
88       becoming the most fully compliant drawing program for SVG files
89       available in the Open Source community.
90

OPTIONS

92       -?, --help
93               Shows a help message.
94
95       -V, --version
96               Shows the Inkscape version and build date.
97
98       --system-data-directory
99               Prints the system data directory where data files that ship
100               with Inkscape are stored. This includes files which Inkscape
101               requires to run (like unit definitions, built-in key maps,
102               files describing UI layout, icon themes, etc.), core
103               extensions, stock resources (filters, fonts, markers, color
104               palettes, symbols, templates) and documentation (SVG example
105               files, tutorials).
106
107               The location in which Inkscape expects the system data
108               directory can be overridden with the INKSCAPE_DATADIR
109               environment variable.
110
111       --user-data-directory
112               Prints the user profile directory where user-specific data
113               files and preferences are stored.  Custom extensions and
114               resources (filters, fonts, markers, color palettes, symbols,
115               templates) should be installed into their respective
116               subdirectories in this directory. In addition placing a file
117               with a name identical to one in the system data directory here
118               allows to override most presets from the system data directory
119               (e.g. default templates, UI files, etc.).
120
121               The default location of the profile directory can be overridden
122               with the INKSCAPE_PROFILE_DIR environment variable.
123
124       -p, --pipe
125               Reads input file from standard input (stdin).
126
127       --pdf-page=PAGE
128               Imports the given page of a pdf file. Numbering starts with 1.
129
130       --pdf-poppler
131               By default Inkscape imports PDF files via an internal (poppler-
132               derived) library.  Text is stored as text. Meshes are converted
133               to tiles.  Use --pdf-poppler to import via an external (poppler
134               with cairo backend) library instead. Text consists of groups
135               containing cloned glyphs where each glyph is a path.  Images
136               are stored internally. Meshes cause entire document to be
137               rendered as a raster image.
138
139       --convert-dpi-method=METHOD
140               Choose method used to rescale legacy (pre-0.92) files which
141               render slightly smaller due to the switch from 90 DPI to 96 DPI
142               when interpreting lengths expressed in units of pixels.
143               Possible values are "none" (no change, document will render at
144               94% of its original size), "scale-viewbox" (document will be
145               rescaled globally, individual lengths will stay untouched) and
146               "scale-document" (each length will be re-scaled individually).
147
148       --no-convert-text-baseline-spacing
149               Do not automatically fix text baselines in legacy (pre-0.92)
150               files on opening.  Inkscape 0.92 adopts the CSS standard
151               definition for the 'line-height' property, which differs from
152               past versions.  By default, the line height values in files
153               created prior to Inkscape 0.92 will be adjusted on loading to
154               preserve the intended text layout.  This command line option
155               will skip that adjustment.
156
157       -o, --export-filename=FILENAME
158               Sets the name of the output file. The default is to re-use the
159               name of the input file.  If --export-type is also used, the
160               file extension will be adjusted (or added) as appropriate.
161               Otherwise the file type to export will be inferred from the
162               extension of the specified filename.
163
164               Usage of the special filename "-" makes Inkscape write the
165               image data to standard output (stdout).
166
167       --export-overwrite
168               Overwrites input file.
169
170       --export-type=TYPE[,TYPE]*
171               Specify the file type to export. Possible values: svg, png, ps,
172               eps, pdf, emf, wmf, xaml. It is possible to export more than
173               one file type at a time.
174
175               Note that PostScript does not support transparency, so any
176               transparent objects in the original SVG will be automatically
177               rasterized. Used fonts are subset and embedded. The default
178               export area is page; you can set it to drawing by
179               --export-area-drawing.
180
181               Note that PDF format preserves the transparency in the original
182               SVG.
183
184       -C, --export-area-page
185               In SVG, PNG, PDF, PS exported area is the page. This is the
186               default for SVG, PNG, PDF, and PS, so you don't need to specify
187               this unless you are using --export-id to export a specific
188               object. For EPS this option is currently not supported.
189
190       -D, --export-area-drawing
191               In SVG, PNG, PDF, PS, and EPS export, exported area is the
192               drawing (not page), i.e. the bounding box of all objects of the
193               document (or of the exported object if --export-id is used).
194               With this option, the exported image will display all the
195               visible objects of the document without margins or cropping.
196               This is the default export area for EPS. For PNG, it can be
197               used in combination with --export-use-hints.
198
199       -a x0:y0:x1:y1, --export-area=x0:y0:x1:y1
200               In PNG export, set the exported area in SVG user units
201               (anonymous length units normally used in Inkscape SVG).  The
202               default is to export the entire document page.  The point (0,0)
203               is the lower-left corner.
204
205       --export-area-snap
206               For PNG export, snap the export area outwards to the nearest
207               integer SVG user unit (px) values. If you are using the default
208               export resolution of 96 dpi and your graphics are pixel-snapped
209               to minimize antialiasing, this switch allows you to preserve
210               this alignment even if you are exporting some object's bounding
211               box (with --export-id or --export-area-drawing) which is itself
212               not pixel-aligned.
213
214       -d DPI, --export-dpi=DPI
215               The resolution used for PNG export.  It is also used for
216               fallback rasterization of filtered objects when exporting to
217               PS, EPS, or PDF (unless you specify --export-ignore-filters to
218               suppress rasterization). The default is 96 dpi, which
219               corresponds to 1 SVG user unit (px, also called "user unit")
220               exporting to 1 bitmap pixel.  This value overrides the DPI hint
221               if used with --export-use-hints.
222
223       -w WIDTH, --export-width=WIDTH
224               The width of generated bitmap in pixels.  This value overrides
225               the --export-dpi setting (or the DPI hint if used with
226               --export-use-hints).
227
228       -h HEIGHT, --export-height=HEIGHT
229               The height of generated bitmap in pixels.  This value overrides
230               the --export-dpi setting (or the DPI hint if used with
231               --export-use-hints).
232
233       --export-margin=MARGIN
234               Adds a margin around the exported area. The size of the margin
235               is specified in units of page size (for SVG) or millimeters
236               (for PS/PDF).  The option currently has no effect for other
237               export formats.
238
239       -i ID, --export-id=OBJECT-ID[;OBJECT-ID]*
240               For PNG, PS, EPS, PDF and plain SVG export, the id attribute
241               value of the object(s) that you want to export from the
242               document; all other objects are not exported.  By default the
243               exported area is the bounding box of the object; you can
244               override this using --export-area (PNG only) or
245               --export-area-page.
246
247               If you specify many values with a semicolon separated list of
248               objects, each one will be exported separately. In this case the
249               exported files will be named this way:
250               [input_filename]_[ID].[export_type]
251
252       -j, --export-id-only
253               For PNG and plain SVG, only export the object whose id is given
254               in --export-id. All other objects are hidden and won't show in
255               export even if they overlay the exported object.  Without
256               --export-id, this option is ignored. For PDF export, this is
257               the default, so this option has no effect.
258
259       -l, --export-plain-svg
260               Export document(s) to plain SVG format, without sodipodi: or
261               inkscape: namespaces and without RDF metadata. Use the
262               --export-filename option to specify the filename.
263
264       --export-ps-level=LEVEL
265               Set language version for PS and EPS export. PostScript level 2
266               or 3 is supported. Default is 3.
267
268       --export-pdf-version=VERSION
269               Select the PDF version of the exported PDF file. This option
270               basically exposes the PDF version selector found in the PDF-
271               export dialog of the GUI. You must provide one of the versions
272               from that combo-box, e.g. "1.4". The default pdf export version
273               is "1.4".
274
275       -T, --export-text-to-path
276               Convert text objects to paths on export, where applicable (for
277               PS, EPS, PDF and SVG export).
278
279       --export-latex
280               (for PS, EPS, and PDF export) Used for creating images for
281               LaTeX documents, where the image's text is typeset by LaTeX.
282               When exporting to PDF/PS/EPS format, this option splits the
283               output into a PDF/PS/EPS file (e.g. as specified by
284               --export-type) and a LaTeX file. Text will not be output in the
285               PDF/PS/EPS file, but instead will appear in the LaTeX file.
286               This LaTeX file includes the PDF/PS/EPS. Inputting
287               (\input{image.tex}) the LaTeX file in your LaTeX document will
288               show the image and all text will be typeset by LaTeX. See the
289               resulting LaTeX file for more information.  Also see GNUPlot's
290               `epslatex' output terminal.
291
292       --export-ignore-filters
293               Export filtered objects (e.g. those with blur) as vectors,
294               ignoring the filters (for PS, EPS, and PDF export).  By
295               default, all filtered objects are rasterized at --export-dpi
296               (default 96 dpi), preserving the appearance.
297
298       -t, --export-use-hints
299               While exporting to PNG, use export filename and DPI hints
300               stored in the exported object (only with --export-id).  These
301               hints are set automatically when you export selection from
302               within Inkscape.  So, for example, if you export a shape with
303               id="path231" as /home/me/shape.png at 300 dpi from document.svg
304               using Inkscape GUI, and save the document, then later you will
305               be able to reexport that shape to the same file with the same
306               resolution simply with
307
308                   inkscape -i path231 -t document.svg
309
310               If you use --export-dpi, --export-width, or --export-height
311               with this option, then the DPI hint will be ignored and the
312               value from the command line will be used.  If you use
313               --export-filename with this option, then the filename hint will
314               be ignored and the filename from the command line will be used.
315
316       -b COLOR, --export-background=COLOR
317               Background color of exported PNG.  This may be any SVG
318               supported color string, for example "#ff007f" or "rgb(255, 0,
319               128)".  If not set, then the page color set in Inkscape in the
320               Document Options dialog will be used (stored in the pagecolor=
321               attribute of sodipodi:namedview).
322
323       -y VALUE, --export-background-opacity=VALUE
324               Opacity of the background of exported PNG.  This may be a value
325               either between 0.0 and 1.0 (0.0 meaning full transparency, 1.0
326               full opacity) or greater than 1 up to 255 (255 meaning full
327               opacity).  If not set and the -b option is not used, then the
328               page opacity set in Inkscape in the Document Options dialog
329               will be used (stored in the inkscape:pageopacity= attribute of
330               sodipodi:namedview).  If not set but the -b option is used,
331               then the value of 255 (full opacity) will be used.
332
333       -I, --query-id=OBJECT-ID[,OBJECT-ID]*
334               Set the ID(s) of the object(s) whose dimensions are queried in
335               a comma-separated list. If not set, query options will return
336               the dimensions of the drawing (i.e. all document objects), not
337               the page or viewbox.
338
339               If you specify many values with a comma separated list of
340               objects, any geometry query (e.g. --query-x) will return a
341               comma separated list of values corresponding to the list of
342               objects in --query-id.
343
344       -S, --query-all
345               Prints a comma delimited listing of all objects in the SVG
346               document with IDs defined, along with their x, y, width, and
347               height values.
348
349       -X, --query-x
350               Query the X coordinate of the drawing or, if specified, of the
351               object with --query-id. The returned value is in px (SVG user
352               units).
353
354       -Y, --query-y
355               Query the Y coordinate of the drawing or, if specified, of the
356               object with --query-id. The returned value is in px (SVG user
357               units).
358
359       -W, --query-width
360               Query the width of the drawing or, if specified, of the object
361               with --query-id. The returned value is in px (SVG user units).
362
363       -H, --query-height
364               Query the height of the drawing or, if specified, of the object
365               with --query-id. The returned value is in px (SVG user units).
366
367       --vacuum-defs
368               Remove all unused items from the "<defs>" section of the SVG
369               file.  If this option is invoked in conjunction with
370               --export-plain-svg, only the exported file will be affected.
371               If it is used alone, the specified file will be modified in
372               place.
373
374       --select=OBJECT-ID[,OBJECT-ID]*
375               The --select command will cause objects that have the ID
376               specified to be selected.  You can select many objects width a
377               comma separated list.  This allows various verbs to act upon
378               them.  To remove all the selections use "--verb=EditDeselect".
379               The object IDs available are dependent on the document
380               specified to load.
381
382       --actions=ACTION(:ARG)[;ACTION(:ARG)]*
383               Actions are a new method to call functions with an optional
384               single parameter.  To get a list of the action IDs available,
385               use the --action-list command line option.  Eventually all
386               verbs will be replaced by actions.   Temporarily, any verb can
387               be used as an action (without a parameter).  Note, most verbs
388               require a GUI (even if they don't use it). To close the GUI
389               automatically at the end of processing, use --batch-process.
390               In addition all export options have matching actions (remove
391               the '--' in front of the option and replace '=' with ':').
392
393               If only actions are used --batch-process must be used.
394
395               Export can be forced at any point with the export-do action.
396               This allows one to do multiple exports on a single file.
397
398       --action-list
399               Prints a list of all available actions.
400
401       --verb=VERB[;VERB]*
402               The --verb command will execute a specific verb or list of
403               verbs as if they were called from a menu or button. Dialogs
404               will appear if that is part of the verb.  To get a list of the
405               verb IDs available, use the --verb-list command line option.
406
407               Note that the --verb command requires a GUI.
408
409               Together with --select provides some basic scripting for
410               Inkscape from the command line.  They both can receive many
411               arguments as needed on the command line and are executed in
412               order on every document.
413
414       --verb-list
415               Lists all the verbs that are available in Inkscape by ID. This
416               ID can be used in defining keymaps or menus. It can also be
417               used with the --verb command line option.
418
419       -g, --with-gui
420               Try to use the GUI (on Unix, use the X server even if $DISPLAY
421               is not set).
422
423       --batch-process
424               Close GUI after executing all actions or verbs.
425
426       --shell With this parameter, Inkscape will enter an interactive command
427               line shell mode. In this mode, you type in commands at the
428               prompt and Inkscape executes them, without you having to run a
429               new copy of Inkscape for each command. This feature is mostly
430               useful for scripting and server uses: it adds no new
431               capabilities but allows you to improve the speed and memory
432               requirements of any script that repeatedly calls Inkscape to
433               perform command line tasks (such as export or conversions).
434
435               In shell mode Inkscape expects a sequence of actions (or verbs)
436               as input.  They will be processed line by line, that means
437               typically when pressing enter.  It is possible (but not
438               necessary) to put all actions on a single line.
439
440               The following example opens a file and exports it into two
441               different formats, then opens another file and exports a single
442               object:
443
444                   file-open:file1.svg; export-type:pdf; export-do; export-type:png; export-do
445                   file-open:file2.svg; export-id:rect2; export-id-only; export-filename:rect_only.svg; export-do
446

CONFIGURATION

448       The main configuration file is located in
449       ~/.config/inkscape/preferences.xml; it stores a variety of
450       customization settings that you can change in Inkscape (mostly in the
451       Inkscape Preferences dialog).  Also in the subdirectories there, you
452       can place your own:
453
454       $HOME/.config/inkscape/extensions/ - extension effects.
455
456       $HOME/.config/inkscape/icons/ - icons.
457
458       $HOME/.config/inkscape/keys/ - keyboard maps.
459
460       $HOME/.config/inkscape/templates/ - new file templates.
461

DIAGNOSTICS

463       The program returns zero on success or non-zero on failure.
464
465       A variety of error messages and warnings may be printed to STDERR or
466       STDOUT.  If the program behaves erratically with a particular SVG file
467       or crashes, it is useful to look at this output for clues.
468

EXAMPLES

470       While obviously Inkscape is primarily intended as a GUI application, it
471       can be used for doing SVG processing on the command line as well.
472
473       Open an SVG file in the GUI:
474
475           inkscape filename.svg
476
477       Export an SVG file into PNG with the default resolution of 96 dpi (one
478       SVG user unit translates to one bitmap pixel):
479
480           inkscape --export-filename=filename.png filename.svg
481
482       Same, but force the PNG file to be 600x400 pixels:
483
484           inkscape --export-filename=filename.png -w 600 -h 400 filename.svg
485
486       Same, but export the drawing (bounding box of all objects), not the
487       page:
488
489           inkscape --export-filename=filename.png --export-area-drawing filename.svg
490
491       Export two different files into four distinct file formats each:
492
493           inkscape --export-type=png,ps,eps,pdf filename1.svg filename2.svg
494
495       Export to PNG the object with id="text1555", using the output filename
496       and the resolution that were used for that object last time when it was
497       exported from the GUI:
498
499           inkscape --export-id=text1555 --export-use-hints filename.svg
500
501       Same, but use the default 96 dpi resolution, specify the filename, and
502       snap the exported area outwards to the nearest whole SVG user unit
503       values (to preserve pixel-alignment of objects and thus minimize
504       aliasing):
505
506           inkscape --export-id=text1555 --export-filename=text.png --export-area-snap filename.svg
507
508       Convert an Inkscape SVG document to plain SVG:
509
510           inkscape --export-plain-svg --export-filename=filename2.svg filename1.svg
511
512       Convert an SVG document to EPS, converting all texts to paths:
513
514           inkscape --export-filename=filename.eps --export-text-to-path filename.svg
515
516       Query the width of the object with id="text1555":
517
518           inkscape --query-width --query-id=text1555 filename.svg
519
520       Duplicate the objects with id="path1555" and id="rect835", rotate the
521       duplicates 90 degrees, save SVG, and quit:
522
523           inkscape --select=path1555,rect835 --verb="EditDuplicate;ObjectRotate90;FileSave;FileQuit" filename.svg
524
525       Select all objects with ellipse tag, rotate them 30 degrees, save the
526       file, and quit.
527
528           inkscape --actions="select-by-element:ellipse;transform-rotate:30;FileSave;FileClose" --batch-process filename.svg
529
530       Export the object with the ID MyTriangle with a semi transparent purple
531       background to the file triangle_purple.png and with a red background to
532       the file triangle_red.png.
533
534           inkscape --actions="export-id:MyTriangle; export-id-only; export-background:purple; export-background-opacity:0.5;export-filename:triangle_purple.png; export-do; export-background:red; export-background-opacity:1; export-filename:triangle_red.png" filename.svg
535
536       Read an SVG from standard input (stdin) and export it to PDF format:
537
538           cat filename.svg | inkscape --pipe --export-filename=filename.pdf
539
540       Export an SVG to PNG format and write it to standard output (stdout),
541       then convert it to JPG format with ImageMagick's convert program:
542
543           inkscape --export-type=png --export-filename=- filename.svg | convert - filename.jpg
544
545       Same as above, but also reading from a pipe (--export-filename can be
546       omitted in this case)
547
548           cat filename.svg | inkscape --pipe --export-type=png | convert - filename.jpg
549

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

551       INKSCAPE_PROFILE_DIR
552               Set a custom location for the user profile directory.
553
554       INKSCAPE_DATADIR
555               Set a custom location for the Inkscape data directory (e.g.
556               $PREFIX/share if Inkscape's shared files are in
557               $PREFIX/share/inkscape).
558
559       INKSCAPE_LOCALEDIR
560               Set a custom location for the translation catalog.
561
562       For more details see also
563       <http://wiki.inkscape.org/wiki/index.php/Environment_variables>
564

THEMES

566       To load different icons sets instead of the default
567       $PREFIX/share/inkscape/icons/icons.svg file, the directory
568       $HOME/.config/inkscape/icons/ is used.  Icons are loaded by name (e.g.
569       fill_none.svg), or if not found, then from icons.svg.  If the icon is
570       not loaded from either of those locations, it falls back to the default
571       system location.
572
573       The needed icons are loaded from SVG files by searching for the SVG id
574       with the matching icon name.  (For example, to load the "fill_none"
575       icon from a file, the bounding box seen for SVG id "fill_none" is
576       rendered as the icon, whether it comes from fill_none.svg or
577       icons.svg.)
578

OTHER INFO

580       The canonical place to find Inkscape info is at
581       <https://www.inkscape.org/>.  The website has news, documentation,
582       tutorials, examples, mailing list archives, the latest released version
583       of the program, bugs and feature requests databases, forums, and more.
584

SEE ALSO

586       potrace, cairo, rsvg, batik, ghostscript, pstoedit.
587
588       SVG compliance test suite:
589       <https://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/WG/wiki/Test_Suite_Overview>
590
591       SVG validator: <https://validator.w3.org/>
592
593       Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) 1.1 Specification W3C Recommendation 16
594       August 2011 <https://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/>
595
596       Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) 1.2 Specification W3C Working Draft 13
597       April 2005 <https://www.w3.org/TR/SVG12/>
598
599       Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) 2 Specification W3C Candidate
600       Recommendation 15 September 2016 <https://www.w3.org/TR/SVG2/>
601
602       Document Object Model (DOM): Level 2 Core W3C Recommendation 13
603       November 2000 <https://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Core/>
604

GUI NOTES

606       To learn Inkscape's GUI operation, read the manual in Help > Inkscape
607       manual, and the tutorials in Help > Tutorials.
608
609       Apart from SVG, Inkscape can import (File > Import) most bitmap formats
610       (PNG, BMP, JPG, XPM, GIF, etc.), plain text (requires Perl), PS and EPS
611       (requires Ghostscript), PDF and AI format (AI version 9.0 or newer).
612
613       Inkscape exports 32-bit PNG images (File > Export PNG Image) as well as
614       AI, PS, EPS, PDF, DXF, and several other formats via File > Save as.
615
616       Inkscape can use the pressure and tilt of a graphic tablet pen for
617       width, angle, and force of action of several tools, including the
618       Calligraphic pen.
619
620       Inkscape includes a GUI front-end to the Potrace bitmap tracing engine
621       (<http://potrace.sf.net>) which is embedded into Inkscape.
622
623       Inkscape can use external scripts (stdin-to-stdout filters) that are
624       represented by commands in the Extensions menu. A script can have a GUI
625       dialog for setting various parameters and can get the IDs of the
626       selected objects on which to act via the command line. Inkscape comes
627       with an assortment of effects written in Python.
628

KEYBINDINGS

630       To get a complete list of keyboard and mouse shortcuts, view
631       doc/keys.html, or use the Keys and Mouse command in Help menu.
632

BUGS

634       Many bugs are known; please refer to the website
635       (<https://www.inkscape.org/>) for reviewing the reported ones and to
636       report newly found issues.  See also the Known Issues section in the
637       Release Notes for your version (file `NEWS').
638

HISTORY

640       The codebase that would become Inkscape began life in 1999 as the
641       program Gill, the GNOME Illustrator application, created by Raph
642       Levien.  The stated objective for Gill was to eventually support all of
643       SVG.  Raph implemented the PostScript bezier imaging model, including
644       stroking and filling, line cap style, line join style, text, etc.
645       Raph's Gill page is at <http://www.levien.com/svg/>.  Work on Gill
646       appears to have slowed or ceased in 2000.
647
648       The next incarnation of the codebase was to become the highly popular
649       program Sodipodi, led by Lauris Kaplinski.  The codebase was turned
650       into a powerful illustration program over the course of several year's
651       work, adding several new features, multi-lingual support, porting to
652       Windows and other operating systems, and eliminating dependencies.
653
654       Inkscape was formed in 2003 by four active Sodipodi developers, Bryce
655       Harrington, MenTaLguY, Nathan Hurst, and Ted Gould, wanting to take a
656       different direction with the codebase in terms of focus on SVG
657       compliance, interface look-and-feel, and a desire to open development
658       opportunities to more participants.  The project progressed rapidly,
659       gaining a number of very active contributors and features.
660
661       Much work in the early days of the project focused on code
662       stabilization and internationalization.  The original renderer
663       inherited from Sodipodi was laced with a number of mathematical corner
664       cases which led to unexpected crashes when the program was pushed
665       beyond routine uses; this renderer was replaced with Livarot which,
666       while not perfect either, was significantly less error prone.  The
667       project also adopted a practice of committing code frequently, and
668       encouraging users to run developmental snapshots of the program; this
669       helped identify new bugs swiftly, and ensure it was easy for users to
670       verify the fixes.  As a result, Inkscape releases have generally earned
671       a reputation for being robust and reliable.
672
673       Similarly, efforts were taken to internationalize and localize the
674       interface, which has helped the program gain contributors worldwide.
675
676       Inkscape has had a beneficial impact on the visual attractiveness of
677       Open Source in general, by providing a tool for creating and sharing
678       icons, splash screens, website art, and so on.  In a way, despite being
679       "just an drawing program", Inkscape has played an important role in
680       making Open Source more visually stimulating to larger audiences.
681

AUTHORS

683       This codebase owes its existence to a large number of contributors
684       throughout its various incarnations.  The following list is certainly
685       incomplete, but serves to recognize the many shoulders on which this
686       application sits:
687
688       Maximilian Albert, Joshua A. Andler, Tavmjong Bah, Pierre Barbry-Blot,
689       Jean-François Barraud, Campbell Barton, Bill Baxter, John Beard, John
690       Bintz, Arpad Biro, Nicholas Bishop, Joshua L. Blocher, Hanno Böck,
691       Tomasz Boczkowski, Adrian Boguszewski, Henrik Bohre, Boldewyn, Daniel
692       Borgmann, Bastien Bouclet, Hans Breuer, Gustav Broberg, Christopher
693       Brown, Marcus Brubaker, Luca Bruno, Brynn, Nicu Buculei, Bulia Byak,
694       Pierre Caclin, Ian Caldwell, Gail Carmichael, Ed Catmur, Chema Celorio,
695       Jabiertxo Arraiza Cenoz, Johan Ceuppens, Zbigniew Chyla, Alexander
696       Clausen, John Cliff, Kees Cook, Ben Cromwell, Jon Cruz, Aurélie De-
697       Cooman, Kris De Gussem, Milosz Derezynski, Daniel Díaz, Bruno Dilly,
698       Larry Doolittle, Nicolas Dufour, Tim Dwyer, Maxim V. Dziumanenko, Johan
699       Engelen, Miklos Erdelyi, Ulf Erikson, Noé Falzon, Frank Felfe, Andrew
700       Fitzsimon, Edward Flick, Marcin Floryan, Fred, Ben Fowler, Cedric Gemy,
701       Steren Giannini, Olivier Gondouin, Ted Gould, Toine de Greef, Michael
702       Grosberg, Bryce Harrington, Dale Harvey, Aurélio Adnauer Heckert, René
703       de Hesselle, Carl Hetherington, Jos Hirth, Hannes Hochreiner, Thomas
704       Holder, Joel Holdsworth, Christoffer Holmstedt, Alan Horkan, Karl Ove
705       Hufthammer, Richard Hughes, Nathan Hurst, inductiveload, Thomas Ingham,
706       Jean-Olivier Irisson, Bob Jamison, Ted Janeczko, Marc Jeanmougin,
707       jEsuSdA, Lauris Kaplinski, Lynn Kerby, Niko Kiirala, James Kilfiger,
708       Nikita Kitaev, Jason Kivlighn, Adrian Knoth, Krzysztof Kosiński, Petr
709       Kovar, Benoît Lavorata, Alex Leone, Julien Leray, Raph Levien, Diederik
710       van Lierop, Nicklas Lindgren, Vitaly Lipatov, Ivan Louette, Fernando
711       Lucchesi Bastos Jurema, Pierre-Antoine Marc, Aurel-Aimé Marmion, Colin
712       Marquardt, Craig Marshall, Ivan Masár, Dmitry G. Mastrukov, David
713       Mathog, Matiphas, Patrick McDermott, Michael Meeks, Federico Mena,
714       MenTaLguY, Aubanel Monnier, Vincent Montagne, Tim Mooney, Derek P.
715       Moore, Chris Morgan, Peter Moulder, Jörg Müller, Yukihiro Nakai, Victor
716       Navez, Christian Neumair, Nick, Andreas Nilsson, Mitsuru Oka, Vinícius
717       dos Santos Oliveira, Martin Owens, Alvin Penner, Matthew Petroff, Jon
718       Phillips, Zdenko Podobny, Alexandre Prokoudine, Jean-René Reinhard,
719       Alexey Remizov, Frederic Rodrigo, Hugo Rodrigues, Juarez Rudsatz,
720       Xavier Conde Rueda, Felipe Corrêa da Silva Sanches, Christian Schaller,
721       Marco Scholten, Tom von Schwerdtner, Markus Schwienbacher, Danilo
722       Šegan, Abhishek Sharma, Tim Sheridan, Shivaken, Michael Sloan, John
723       Smith, Sandra Snan, Boštjan Špetič, Aaron Spike, Kaushik Sridharan,
724       Ralf Stephan, Dariusz Stojek, Patrick Storz, Martin Sucha, ~suv, Pat
725       Suwalski, Adib Taraben, Parcly Taxel, Hugh Tebby, Jonas Termeau, David
726       Turner, Andre Twupack, Aleksandar Urošević, Alex Valavanis, Joakim
727       Verona, Lucas Vieites, Daniel Wagenaar, Liam P. White, Sebastian Wüst,
728       Michael Wybrow, Gellule Xg, Daniel Yacob, David Yip, Masatake Yamato,
729       Moritz Eberl, Sebastian Faubel
730
732       Copyright (C) 1999-2020 by Authors.
733
734       Inkscape is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
735       under the terms of the GPL version 3 or later.
736
737
738
7391.0.2                             2021-02-01                       INKSCAPE(1)
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