1POE::Component(3)     User Contributed Perl Documentation    POE::Component(3)
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NAME

6       POE::Component - event driven objects or subsystems
7

SYNOPSIS

9       See specific components.
10

DESCRIPTION

12       POE "components" are event-driven modules that generally encapsulate
13       mid- to high-level program features.  For example,
14       POE::Component::Client::DNS performs message-based asynchronous
15       resolver lookups.  POE::Component::Server::TCP is a basic asynchronous
16       network server.
17
18       The POE::Component namespace was started as place for contributors to
19       publish their POE-based modules without requiring coordination with the
20       main POE distribution.  The namespace predates the -X convention,
21       otherwise you'd be reading about POEx instead.
22
23       As with many things in Perl, there is more than one way to implement
24       component interfaces.  Newer components sport OO interfaces, and some
25       even use Moose, but older ones are solely message driven.
26

OBJECT ORIENTED COMPONENTS

28       One way to create object-oriented components is to embed a POE::Session
29       instance within an object.  This is done by creating the session during
30       the object's constructor, setting the session's alias to something
31       unique, and saving a copy of the alias in the object.
32
33         package Asynchrotron;
34
35         my $alias_index = 0;
36
37         sub new {
38           my $class = shift;
39           my $self = bless {
40             alias => __PACKAGE__ . " " . ++$alias_index;
41           }, $class;
42
43           POE::Session->create(
44             object_states => [
45               $self => {
46                 _start       => "_poe_start",
47                 do_something => "_poe_do_something",
48               },
49             ],
50           );
51           return $self;
52         }
53
54         sub _poe_start {
55           $_[KERNEL]->alias_set($_[OBJECT]->{alias});
56         }
57
58       The alias allows object methods to pass events into the session without
59       having to store something about the session.  The POE::Kernel call()
60       transfers execution from the caller session's context into the
61       component's session.
62
63         sub do_something {
64           my $self = shift;
65           print "Inside the caller's session right now: @_\n";
66           $poe_kernel->call($self->{alias}, "do_something", @_);
67         }
68
69         sub _poe_do_something {
70           my @args = @_[ARG0..$#_];
71           print "Inside the component's session now: @args\n";
72           $_[OBJECT]{count}++;
73         }
74
75       Both $_[HEAP] and $_[OBJECT] are visible within the component's
76       session.  $_[HEAP] can be used for ultra-private encapsulation, while
77       $_[OBJECT] may be used for data visible by accessors.
78
79         sub get_count {
80           my $self = shift;
81           return $self->{count}; # $_[OBJECT]{count} above
82         }
83
84       Too many sessions may bog down object creation and destruction, so
85       avoid creating them for every object.
86

SEE ALSO

88       The SEE ALSO section in POE contains a table of contents covering the
89       entire POE distribution.
90
91       POE::Stage is a nascent project to formalize POE components, make
92       POE::Kernel more object-oriented, and provide syntactic and semantic
93       sugar for many common aspects of POE::Component development.  It's also
94       easier to type.  Please investigate the project.  Ideas and tuits are
95       badly needed to help get the project off the ground.
96

TO DO

98       Document the customary (but not mandatory!) process of creating and
99       publishing a component.
100

AUTHORS & COPYRIGHTS

102       Each component is written and copyrighted separately.
103
104       Please see POE for more information about authors and contributors.
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108perl v5.36.0                      2022-07-22                 POE::Component(3)
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