1Menu(3) User Contributed Perl Documentation Menu(3)
2
6 Tk::Menu - Create and manipulate Menu widgets
7
9 $menu = $parent->Menu(?options?);
10
12 -activebackground -background -disabledforeground -relief -active‐
13 borderwidth -borderwidth -font -takefocus -activefore‐
14 ground -cursor -foreground
15 See Tk::options for details of the standard options.
17
19 Name: postCommand
20 Class: Command
21 Switch: -postcommand
22 If this option is specified then it provides a callback to execute
23 each time the menu is posted. The callback is invoked by the post
24 method before posting the menu. Note that in 8.0 on Macintosh and
25 Windows, all commands in a menu systems are executed before any are
26 posted. This is due to the limitations in the individual platforms'
27 menu managers.
28 Name: selectColor
30 Class: Background
31 Switch: -selectcolor
32 For menu entries that are check buttons or radio buttons, this
33 option specifies the color to display in the indicator when the
34 check button or radio button is selected.
35 Name: tearOff
37 Class: TearOff
38 Switch: -tearoff
39 This option must have a proper boolean value, which specifies
40 whether or not the menu should include a tear-off entry at the top.
41 If so, it will exist as entry 0 of the menu and the other entries
42 will number starting at 1. The default menu bindings arrange for
43 the menu to be torn off when the tear-off entry is invoked.
44 Name: tearOffCommand
46 Class: TearOffCommand
47 Switch: -tearoffcommand
48 If this option has a non-empty value, then it specifies a perl/Tk
49 callback to invoke whenever the menu is torn off. The actual com‐
50 mand will consist of the value of this option, followed by a space,
51 followed by the name of the menu window, followed by a space, fol‐
52 lowed by the name of the name of the torn off menu window. For
53 example, if the option's is ``a b'' and menu .x.y is torn off to
54 create a new menu .x.tearoff1, then the command ``a b .x.y
55 .x.tearoff1'' will be invoked.
56 Name: title
58 Class: Title
59 Switch: -title
60 The string will be used to title the window created when this menu
61 is torn off. If the title is NULL, then the window will have the
62 title of the menubutton or the text of the cascade item from which
63 this menu was invoked.
64 Name: type
66 Class: Type
67 Switch: -type
68 This option can be one of menubar, tearoff, or normal, and is set
69 when the menu is created. While the string returned by the configu‐
70 ration database will change if this option is changed, this does
71 not affect the menu widget's behavior. This is used by the cloning
72 mechanism and is not normally set outside of the Tk library.
73
75 The Menu method creates a new top-level window (given by the $widget
76 argument) and makes it into a menu widget. Additional options,
77 described above, may be specified on the command line or in the option
78 database to configure aspects of the menu such as its colors and font.
79 The menu command returns its $widget argument. At the time this com‐
80 mand is invoked, there must not exist a window named $widget, but $wid‐
81 get's parent must exist.
82 A menu is a widget that displays a collection of one-line entries
84 arranged in one or more columns. There exist several different types
85 of entries, each with different properties. Entries of different types
86 may be combined in a single menu. Menu entries are not the same as
87 entry widgets. In fact, menu entries are not even distinct widgets;
88 the entire menu is one widget.
89 Menu entries are displayed with up to three separate fields. The main
91 field is a label in the form of a text string, a bitmap, or an image,
92 controlled by the -label, -bitmap, and -image options for the entry.
93 If the -accelerator option is specified for an entry then a second
94 textual field is displayed to the right of the label. The accelerator
95 typically describes a keystroke sequence that may be typed in the
96 application to cause the same result as invoking the menu entry. The
97 third field is an indicator. The indicator is present only for check‐
98 button or radiobutton entries. It indicates whether the entry is
99 selected or not, and is displayed to the left of the entry's string.
100 In normal use, an entry becomes active (displays itself differently)
102 whenever the mouse pointer is over the entry. If a mouse button is
103 released over the entry then the entry is invoked. The effect of invo‐
104 cation is different for each type of entry; these effects are described
105 below in the sections on individual entries.
106 Entries may be disabled, which causes their labels and accelerators to
108 be displayed with dimmer colors. The default menu bindings will not
109 allow a disabled entry to be activated or invoked. Disabled entries
110 may be re-enabled, at which point it becomes possible to activate and
111 invoke them again.
112 Whenever a menu's active entry is changed, a <<MenuSelect>> virtual
114 event is sent to the menu. The active item can then be queried from the
115 menu, and an action can be taken, such as setting context-sensitive
116 help text for the entry.
117 COMMAND ENTRIES
119 The most common kind of menu entry is a command entry, which behaves
121 much like a button widget. When a command entry is invoked, a callback
122 is executed. The callback is specified with the -command option.
123 SEPARATOR ENTRIES
125 A separator is an entry that is displayed as a horizontal dividing
127 line. A separator may not be activated or invoked, and it has no
128 behavior other than its display appearance.
129 CHECKBUTTON ENTRIES
131 A checkbutton menu entry behaves much like a checkbutton widget. When
133 it is invoked it toggles back and forth between the selected and dese‐
134 lected states. When the entry is selected, a particular value is
135 stored in a particular global variable (as determined by the -onvalue
136 and -variable options for the entry); when the entry is deselected
137 another value (determined by the -offvalue option) is stored in the
138 global variable. An indicator box is displayed to the left of the
139 label in a checkbutton entry. If the entry is selected then the indi‐
140 cator's center is displayed in the color given by the -selectcolor
141 option for the entry; otherwise the indicator's center is displayed in
142 the background color for the menu. If a -command option is specified
143 for a checkbutton entry, then its value is evaluated each time the
144 entry is invoked; this happens after toggling the entry's selected
145 state.
146 RADIOBUTTON ENTRIES
148 A radiobutton menu entry behaves much like a radiobutton widget.
150 Radiobutton entries are organized in groups of which only one entry may
151 be selected at a time. Whenever a particular entry becomes selected it
152 stores a particular value into a particular global variable (as deter‐
153 mined by the -value and -variable options for the entry). This action
154 causes any previously-selected entry in the same group to deselect
155 itself. Once an entry has become selected, any change to the entry's
156 associated variable will cause the entry to deselect itself. Grouping
157 of radiobutton entries is determined by their associated variables: if
158 two entries have the same associated variable then they are in the same
159 group. An indicator diamond is displayed to the left of the label in
160 each radiobutton entry. If the entry is selected then the indicator's
161 center is displayed in the color given by the -selectcolor option for
162 the entry; otherwise the indicator's center is displayed in the back‐
163 ground color for the menu. If a -command option is specified for a
164 radiobutton entry, then its value is evaluated each time the entry is
165 invoked; this happens after selecting the entry.
166 CASCADE ENTRIES
168 A cascade entry is one with an associated menu (determined by the -menu
170 option). Cascade entries allow the construction of cascading menus.
171 The postcascade method can be used to post and unpost the associated
172 menu just next to of the cascade entry. The associated menu must be a
173 child of the menu containing the cascade entry (this is needed in order
174 for menu traversal to work correctly).
175 A cascade entry posts its associated menu by invoking
177 $menu->post(x,y)
179 where menu is the path name of the associated menu, and x and y are the
181 root-window coordinates of the upper-right corner of the cascade entry.
182 On Unix, the lower-level menu is unposted by executing
183 $menu->unpost
185 where menu is the name of the associated menu. On other platforms, the
187 platform's native code takes care of unposting the menu.
188 If a -command option is specified for a cascade entry then it is evalu‐
190 ated whenever the entry is invoked. This is not supported on Windows.
191 TEAR-OFF ENTRIES
193 A tear-off entry appears at the top of the menu if enabled with the
195 tearOff option. It is not like other menu entries in that it cannot be
196 created with the add method and cannot be deleted with the delete
197 method. When a tear-off entry is created it appears as a dashed line
198 at the top of the menu. Under the default bindings, invoking the tear-
199 off entry causes a torn-off copy to be made of the menu and all of its
200 submenus.
201 MENUBARS
203 Any menu can be set as a menubar for a toplevel window (see the
205 Toplevel constructor for syntax). On the Macintosh, whenever the
206 toplevel is in front, this menu's cascade items will appear in the
207 menubar across the top of the main monitor. On Windows and Unix, this
208 menu's items will be displayed in a menubar accross the top of the win‐
209 dow. These menus will behave according to the interface guidelines of
210 their platforms. For every menu set as a menubar, a clone menu is made.
211 See "CLONES" for more information.
212 As noted, menubars may behave differently on different platforms. One
214 example of this concerns the handling of checkbuttons and radiobuttons
215 within the menu. While it is permitted to put these menu elements on
216 menubars, they may not be drawn with indicators on some platforms, due
217 to system restrictions.
218 SPECIAL MENUS IN MENUBARS
220 Certain menus in a menubar will be treated specially. On the Macin‐
222 tosh, access to the special Apple and Help menus is provided. On Win‐
223 dows, access to the Windows System menu in each window is provided. On
224 X Windows, a special right-justified help menu is provided. In all
225 cases, these menus must be created with the command name of the menubar
226 menu concatenated with the special name. So for a menubar named
227 .menubar, on the Macintosh, the special menus would be .menubar.apple
228 and .menubar.help; on Windows, the special menu would be .menubar.sys‐
229 tem; on X Windows, the help menu would be .menubar.help.
230 When Tk sees an Apple menu on the Macintosh, that menu's contents make
232 up the first items of the Apple menu on the screen whenever the window
233 containing the menubar is in front. The menu is the first one that the
234 user sees and has a title which is an Apple logo. After all of the Tk-
235 defined items, the menu will have a separator, followed by all of the
236 items in the user's Apple Menu Items folder. Since the System uses a
237 different menu definition procedure for the Apple menu than Tk uses for
238 its menus, and the system APIs do not fully support everything Tk tries
239 to do, the menu item will only have its text displayed. No font
240 attributes, images, bitmaps, or colors will be displayed. In addition,
241 a menu with a tearoff item will have the tearoff item displayed as
242 "(TearOff)".
243 When Tk see a Help menu on the Macintosh, the menu's contents are
245 appended to the standard help menu on the right of the user's menubar
246 whenever the user's menubar is in front. The first items in the menu
247 are provided by Apple. Similar to the Apple Menu, cusomization in this
248 menu is limited to what the system provides.
249 When Tk sees a System menu on Windows, its items are appended to the
251 system menu that the menubar is attached to. This menu has an icon rep‐
252 resenting a spacebar, and can be invoked with the mouse or by typing
253 Alt+Spacebar. Due to limitations in the Windows API, any font changes,
254 colors, images, bitmaps, or tearoff images will not appear in the sys‐
255 tem menu.
256 When Tk see a Help menu on X Windows, the menu is moved to be last in
258 the menubar and is right justified.
259 CLONES
261 When a menu is set as a menubar for a toplevel window, or when a menu
263 is torn off, a clone of the menu is made. This clone is a menu widget
264 in its own right, but it is a child of the original. Changes in the
265 configuration of the original are reflected in the clone. Additionally,
266 any cascades that are pointed to are also cloned so that menu traversal
267 will work right. Clones are destroyed when either the tearoff or
268 menubar goes away, or when the original menu is destroyed.
269 WIDGET METHODS
271 The Menu method creates a widget object. This object supports the con‐
273 figure and cget methods described in Tk::options which can be used to
274 enquire and modify the options described above. The widget also inher‐
275 its all the methods provided by the generic Tk::Widget class, and the
276 Tk::Wm class.
277 Many of the methods for a menu take as one argument an indicator of
279 which entry of the menu to operate on. These indicators are called
280 indexes and may be specified in any of the following forms:
281 number
283 Specifies the entry numerically, where 0 corresponds to the top-
284 most entry of the menu, 1 to the entry below it, and so on.
285 active
287 Indicates the entry that is currently active. If no entry is
288 active then this form is equivalent to none. This form may not be
289 abbreviated.
290 end Indicates the bottommost entry in the menu. If there are no
292 entries in the menu then this form is equivalent to none. This
293 form may not be abbreviated.
294 last
296 Same as end.
297 none
299 Indicates ``no entry at all''; this is used most commonly with the
300 activate option to deactivate all the entries in the menu. In most
301 cases the specification of none causes nothing to happen in the
302 method. This form may not be abbreviated.
303 @number
305 In this form, number is treated as a y-coordinate in the menu's
306 window; the entry closest to that y-coordinate is used. For exam‐
307 ple, ``@0'' indicates the top-most entry in the window.
308 pattern
310 If the index doesn't satisfy one of the above forms then this form
311 is used. Pattern is pattern-matched against the label of each
312 entry in the menu, in order from the top down, until a matching
313 entry is found. (In perl/Tk the matching is under review, but
314 exact match should work.)
315 The following methods are possible for menu widgets:
317 $menu->activate(index)
319 Change the state of the entry indicated by index to active and
320 redisplay it using its active colors. Any previously-active entry
321 is deactivated. If index is specified as none, or if the specified
322 entry is disabled, then the menu ends up with no active entry.
323 Returns an empty string.
324 $menu->add(type, ?option, value, option, value, ...?)
326 Add a new entry to the bottom of the menu. The new entry's type is
327 given by type and must be one of cascade, checkbutton, command,
328 radiobutton, or separator, or a unique abbreviation of one of the
329 above. If additional arguments are present, they specify any of
330 the following options:
331 -activebackground => value
333 Specifies a background color to use for displaying this
334 entry when it is active. If this option is specified as an
335 empty string (the default), then the activeBackground
336 option for the overall menu is used. If the $Tk::strictMo‐
337 tif variable has been set to request strict Motif compli‐
338 ance, then this option is ignored and the -background
339 option is used in its place. This option is not available
340 for separator or tear-off entries.
341 -activeforeground => value
343 Specifies a foreground color to use for displaying this
344 entry when it is active. If this option is specified as an
345 empty string (the default), then the activeForeground
346 option for the overall menu is used. This option is not
347 available for separator or tear-off entries.
348 -accelerator => value
350 Specifies a string to display at the right side of the menu
351 entry. Normally describes an accelerator keystroke
352 sequence that may be typed to invoke the same function as
353 the menu entry. This option is not available for separator
354 or tear-off entries.
355 -background => value
357 Specifies a background color to use for displaying this
358 entry when it is in the normal state (neither active nor
359 disabled). If this option is specified as an empty string
360 (the default), then the background option for the overall
361 menu is used. This option is not available for separator
362 or tear-off entries.
363 -bitmap => value
365 Specifies a bitmap to display in the menu instead of a tex‐
366 tual label, in any of the forms accepted by Tk_GetBitmap.
367 This option overrides the -label option but may be reset to
368 an empty string to enable a textual label to be displayed.
369 If a -image option has been specified, it overrides -bit‐
370 map. This option is not available for separator or tear-
371 off entries.
372 -columnbreak => value
374 When this option is zero, the appears below the previous
375 entry. When this option is one, the menu appears at the top
376 of a new column in the menu.
377 -compound => value
379 Specifies whether the button should display both an image
380 and text, and if so, where the image should be placed rela‐
381 tive to the text. Valid values for this option are bottom,
382 center, left, none, right and top. The default value is
383 none, meaning that the button will display either an image
384 or text, depending on the values of the -image and -bitmap
385 options.
386 -command => value
388 For command, checkbutton, and radiobutton entries, speci‐
389 fies a callback to execute when the menu entry is invoked.
390 For cascade entries, specifies a callback to execute when
391 the entry is activated (i.e. just before its submenu is
392 posted). Not available for separator or tear-off entries.
393 -font => value
395 Specifies the font to use when drawing the label or accel‐
396 erator string in this entry. If this option is specified
397 as an empty string (the default) then the font option for
398 the overall menu is used. This option is not available for
399 separator or tear-off entries.
400 -foreground => value
402 Specifies a foreground color to use for displaying this
403 entry when it is in the normal state (neither active nor
404 disabled). If this option is specified as an empty string
405 (the default), then the foreground option for the overall
406 menu is used. This option is not available for separator
407 or tear-off entries.
408 -hidemargin => value
410 Specifies whether the standard margins should be drawn for
411 this menu entry. This is useful when creating palette with
412 images in them, i.e., color palettes, pattern palettes,
413 etc. 1 indicates that the margin for the entry is hidden; 0
414 means that the margin is used.
415 -image => value
417 Specifies an image to display in the menu instead of a text
418 string or bitmap The image must have been created by some
419 previous invocation of image create. This option overrides
420 the -label and -bitmap options but may be reset to an empty
421 string to enable a textual or bitmap label to be displayed.
422 This option is not available for separator or tear-off
423 entries.
424 -indicatoron => value
426 Available only for checkbutton and radiobutton entries.
427 Value is a boolean that determines whether or not the indi‐
428 cator should be displayed.
429 -label => value
431 Specifies a string to display as an identifying label in
432 the menu entry. Not available for separator or tear-off
433 entries.
434 -menu => value
436 Available only for cascade entries. Specifies the path
437 name of the submenu associated with this entry. The sub‐
438 menu must be a child of the menu.
439 -offvalue => value
441 Available only for checkbutton entries. Specifies the
442 value to store in the entry's associated variable when the
443 entry is deselected.
444 -onvalue => value
446 Available only for checkbutton entries. Specifies the
447 value to store in the entry's associated variable when the
448 entry is selected.
449 -selectcolor => value
451 Available only for checkbutton and radiobutton entries.
452 Specifies the color to display in the indicator when the
453 entry is selected. If the value is an empty string (the
454 default) then the selectColor option for the menu deter‐
455 mines the indicator color.
456 -selectimage => value
458 Available only for checkbutton and radiobutton entries.
459 Specifies an image to display in the entry (in place of the
460 -image option) when it is selected. Value is the name of
461 an image, which must have been created by some previous
462 invocation of image create. This option is ignored unless
463 the -image option has been specified.
464 -state => value
466 Specifies one of three states for the entry: normal,
467 active, or disabled. In normal state the entry is dis‐
468 played using the foreground option for the menu and the
469 background option from the entry or the menu. The active
470 state is typically used when the pointer is over the entry.
471 In active state the entry is displayed using the active‐
472 Foreground option for the menu along with the activeback‐
473 ground option from the entry. Disabled state means that
474 the entry should be insensitive: the default bindings will
475 refuse to activate or invoke the entry. In this state the
476 entry is displayed according to the disabledForeground
477 option for the menu and the background option from the
478 entry. This option is not available for separator entries.
479 -underline => value
481 Specifies the integer index of a character to underline in
482 the entry. This option is also queried by the default
483 bindings and used to implement keyboard traversal. 0 cor‐
484 responds to the first character of the text displayed in
485 the entry, 1 to the next character, and so on. If a bitmap
486 or image is displayed in the entry then this option is
487 ignored. This option is not available for separator or
488 tear-off entries.
489 -value => value
491 Available only for radiobutton entries. Specifies the
492 value to store in the entry's associated variable when the
493 entry is selected. If an empty string is specified, then
494 the -label option for the entry as the value to store in
495 the variable.
496 -variable => value
498 Available only for checkbutton and radiobutton entries.
499 Specifies the name of a global value to set when the entry
500 is selected. For checkbutton entries the variable is also
501 set when the entry is deselected. For radiobutton entries,
502 changing the variable causes the currently-selected entry
503 to deselect itself.
504 The add method returns an empty string.
506 $menu->clone($parent ?, cloneType?)
508 Makes a clone of the current menu as a child of $parent. This clone
509 is a menu in its own right, but any changes to the clone are pro‐
510 pogated to the original menu and vice versa. cloneType can be nor‐
511 mal, menubar, or tearoff. Should not normally be called outside of
512 the Tk library. See "CLONES" for more information.
513 $menu->delete(index1?, index2?)
515 Delete all of the menu entries between index1 and index2 inclusive.
516 If index2 is omitted then it defaults to index1. Attempts to
517 delete a tear-off menu entry are ignored (instead, you should
518 change the tearOff option to remove the tear-off entry).
519 $menu->entrycget(index, option)
521 Returns the current value of a configuration option for the entry
522 given by index. Option may have any of the values accepted by the
523 add method.
524 $menu->entryconfigure(index ?,options?)
526 This method is similar to the configure method, except that it
527 applies to the options for an individual entry, whereas configure
528 applies to the options for the menu as a whole. Options may have
529 any of the values accepted by the add method. If options are spec‐
530 ified, options are modified as indicated in the method call and the
531 method returns an empty string. If no options are specified,
532 returns a list describing the current options for entry index (see
533 Tk::options for information on the format of this list).
534 $menu->index(index)
536 Returns the numerical index corresponding to index, or none if
537 index was specified as none.
538 $menu->insert(index, type?, -option=>value, ...?)
540 Same as the add method except that it inserts the new entry just
541 before the entry given by index, instead of appending to the end of
542 the menu. The type, -option, and value arguments have the same
543 interpretation as for the add widget method. It is not possible to
544 insert new menu entries before the tear-off entry, if the menu has
545 one.
546 $menu->invoke(index)
548 Invoke the action of the menu entry. See the sections on the indi‐
549 vidual entries above for details on what happens. If the menu
550 entry is disabled then nothing happens. If the entry has a call‐
551 back associated with it then the result of that callback is
552 returned as the result of the invoke widget method. Otherwise the
553 result is an empty string. Note: invoking a menu entry does not
554 automatically unpost the menu; the default bindings normally take
555 care of this before invoking the invoke method.
556 $menu->post(x, y)
558 Arrange for the menu to be displayed on the screen at the root-win‐
559 dow coordinates given by x and y. These coordinates are adjusted
560 if necessary to guarantee that the entire menu is visible on the
561 screen. This method normally returns an empty string. If the
562 postCommand option has been specified, then its value is executed
563 before posting the menu and the result of that callback is returned
564 as the result of the post widget method. If an error returns while
565 executing the method, then the error is returned without posting
566 the menu.
567 $menu->postcascade(index)
569 Posts the submenu associated with the cascade entry given by index,
570 and unposts any previously posted submenu. If index doesn't corre‐
571 spond to a cascade entry, or if $menu isn't posted, the method has
572 no effect except to unpost any currently posted submenu.
573 $menu->type(index)
575 Returns the type of the menu entry given by index. This is the
576 type argument passed to the add widget method when the entry was
577 created, such as command or separator, or tearoff for a tear-off
578 entry.
579 $menu->unpost
581 Unmap the window so that it is no longer displayed. If a lower-
582 level cascaded menu is posted, unpost that menu. Returns an empty
583 string. This method does not work on Windows and the Macintosh, as
584 those platforms have their own way of unposting menus.
585 $menu->yposition(index)
587 Returns a decimal string giving the y-coordinate within the menu
588 window of the topmost pixel in the entry specified by index.
589
591 The default bindings support four different ways of using menus:
592 Pulldown Menus in Menubar
594 This is the most command case. You create a menu widget that will
595 become the menu bar. You then add cascade entries to this menu,
596 specifying the pull down menus you wish to use in your menu bar.
597 You then create all of the pulldowns. Once you have done this,
598 specify the menu using the -menu option of the toplevel's method.
599 See the toplevel manual entry for details.
600 Pulldown Menus in Menu Buttons
602 This is the compatable way to do menu bars. You create one
603 menubutton widget for each top-level menu, and typically you
604 arrange a series of menubuttons in a row in a menubar window. You
605 also create the top-level menus and any cascaded submenus, and tie
606 them together with -menu options in menubuttons and cascade menu
607 entries. The top-level menu must be a child of the menubutton, and
608 each submenu must be a child of the menu that refers to it. Once
609 you have done this, the default bindings will allow users to tra‐
610 verse and invoke the tree of menus via its menubutton; see the
611 menubutton documentation for details.
612 Popup Menus
614 Popup menus typically post in response to a mouse button press or
615 keystroke. You create the popup menus and any cascaded submenus,
616 then you call the Post method at the appropriate time to post the
617 top-level menu.
618 $menu->Post($x,$y?,$entry?)
620 $x and $y are the root window coordinates at which the $menu will
622 be displayed. If $entry is specified then that entry is centred on
623 that point, otherwise the top-left corner of the $menu is placed at
624 that point.
625 Menu also inherits methods from Tk::Wm and so the method Popup can
627 be used to position menu relative to other windows, the mouse cur‐
628 sor or the screen.
629 Option Menus
631 An option menu consists of a menubutton with an associated menu
632 that allows you to select one of several values. The current value
633 is displayed in the menubutton and is also stored in a global vari‐
634 able. Use the Tk::Optionmenu class to create option menubuttons
635 and their menus.
636 Torn-off Menus
638 You create a torn-off menu by invoking the tear-off entry at the
639 top of an existing menu. The default bindings will create a new
640 menu that is a copy of the original menu and leave it permanently
641 posted as a top-level window. The torn-off menu behaves just the
642 same as the original menu.
643
645 Tk automatically creates class bindings for menus that give them the
646 following default behavior:
647 [1] When the mouse enters a menu, the entry underneath the mouse cursor
649 activates; as the mouse moves around the menu, the active entry
650 changes to track the mouse.
651 [2] When the mouse leaves a menu all of the entries in the menu deacti‐
653 vate, except in the special case where the mouse moves from a menu
654 to a cascaded submenu.
655 [3] When a button is released over a menu, the active entry (if any) is
657 invoked. The menu also unposts unless it is a torn-off menu.
658 [4] The Space and Return keys invoke the active entry and unpost the
660 menu.
661 [5] If any of the entries in a menu have letters underlined with with
663 -underline option, then pressing one of the underlined letters (or
664 its upper-case or lower-case equivalent) invokes that entry and
665 unposts the menu.
666 [6] The Escape key aborts a menu selection in progress without invoking
668 any entry. It also unposts the menu unless it is a torn-off menu.
669 [7] The Up and Down keys activate the next higher or lower entry in the
671 menu. When one end of the menu is reached, the active entry wraps
672 around to the other end.
673 [8] The Left key moves to the next menu to the left. If the current
675 menu is a cascaded submenu, then the submenu is unposted and the
676 current menu entry becomes the cascade entry in the parent. If the
677 current menu is a top-level menu posted from a menubutton, then the
678 current menubutton is unposted and the next menubutton to the left
679 is posted. Otherwise the key has no effect. The left-right order
680 of menubuttons is determined by their stacking order: Tk assumes
681 that the lowest menubutton (which by default is the first one cre‐
682 ated) is on the left.
683 [9] The Right key moves to the next menu to the right. If the current
685 entry is a cascade entry, then the submenu is posted and the cur‐
686 rent menu entry becomes the first entry in the submenu. Otherwise,
687 if the current menu was posted from a menubutton, then the current
688 menubutton is unposted and the next menubutton to the right is
689 posted.
690 Disabled menu entries are non-responsive: they don't activate and
692 they ignore mouse button presses and releases.
693 The behavior of menus can be changed by defining new bindings for
695 individual widgets or by redefining the class bindings.
696
698 At present it isn't possible to use the option database to specify val‐
699 ues for the options to individual entries.
700
702 Tk::callbacks
703
705 menu, widget
706perl v5.8.8 2008-02-05 Menu(3)