1FUSER(1P) POSIX Programmer's Manual FUSER(1P)
2
6 This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The Linux
7 implementation of this interface may differ (consult the corresponding
8 Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the interface may
9 not be implemented on Linux.
10
12 fuser - list process IDs of all processes that have one or more files
13 open
14
16 fuser [ -cfu ] file ...
17
19 The fuser utility shall write to standard output the process IDs of
20 processes running on the local system that have one or more named files
21 open. For block special devices, all processes using any file on that
22 device are listed.
23 The fuser utility shall write to standard error additional information
25 about the named files indicating how the file is being used.
26 Any output for processes running on remote systems that have a named
28 file open is unspecified.
29 A user may need appropriate privilege to invoke the fuser utility.
31
33 The fuser utility shall conform to the Base Definitions volume of
34 IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 12.2, Utility Syntax Guidelines.
35 The following options shall be supported:
37 -c The file is treated as a mount point and the utility shall
39 report on any files open in the file system.
40 -f The report shall be only for the named files.
42 -u The user name, in parentheses, associated with each process ID
44 written to standard output shall be written to standard error.
45
48 The following operand shall be supported:
49 file A pathname on which the file or file system is to be reported.
51
54 Not used.
55
57 The user database.
58
60 The following environment variables shall affect the execution of
61 fuser:
62 LANG Provide a default value for the internationalization variables
64 that are unset or null. (See the Base Definitions volume of
65 IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 8.2, Internationalization Vari‐
66 ables for the precedence of internationalization variables used
67 to determine the values of locale categories.)
68 LC_ALL If set to a non-empty string value, override the values of all
70 the other internationalization variables.
71 LC_CTYPE
73 Determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences of
74 bytes of text data as characters (for example, single-byte as
75 opposed to multi-byte characters in arguments).
76 LC_MESSAGES
78 Determine the locale that should be used to affect the format
79 and contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error.
80 NLSPATH
82 Determine the location of message catalogs for the processing of
83 LC_MESSAGES .
84
87 Default.
88
90 The fuser utility shall write the process ID for each process using
91 each file given as an operand to standard output in the following for‐
92 mat:
93 "%d", <process_id>
96
98 The fuser utility shall write diagnostic messages to standard error.
99 The fuser utility also shall write the following to standard error:
101 * The pathname of each named file is written followed immediately by a
103 colon.
104 * For each process ID written to standard output, the character 'c'
106 shall be written to standard error if the process is using the file
107 as its current directory and the character 'r' shall be written to
108 standard error if the process is using the file as its root direc‐
109 tory. Implementations may write other alphabetic characters to indi‐
110 cate other uses of files.
111 * When the -u option is specified, characters indicating the use of
113 the file shall be followed immediately by the user name, in paren‐
114 theses, corresponding to the process' real user ID. If the user
115 name cannot be resolved from the process' real user ID, the process'
116 real user ID shall be written instead of the user name.
117 When standard output and standard error are directed to the same file,
119 the output shall be interleaved so that the filename appears at the
120 start of each line, followed by the process ID and characters indicat‐
121 ing the use of the file. Then, if the -u option is specified, the user
122 name or user ID for each process using that file shall be written.
123 A <newline> shall be written to standard error after the last output
125 described above for each file operand.
126
128 None.
129
131 None.
132
134 The following exit values shall be returned:
135 0 Successful completion.
137 >0 An error occurred.
139
142 Default.
143 The following sections are informative.
145
147 None.
148
150 The command:
151 fuser -fu .
154 writes to standard output the process IDs of processes that are using
156 the current directory and writes to standard error an indication of how
157 those processes are using the directory and the user names associated
158 with the processes that are using the current directory.
159
161 The definition of the fuser utility follows existing practice.
162
164 None.
165
167 None.
168
170 Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
171 from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
172 -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
173 Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
174 Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
175 event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
176 The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
177 is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online
178 at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .
179IEEE/The Open Group 2003 FUSER(1P)