1LOCKF(3) Linux Programmer's Manual LOCKF(3)
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6 lockf - apply, test or remove a POSIX lock on an open file
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9 #include <unistd.h>
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11 int lockf(int fd, int cmd, off_t len);
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13 Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
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15 lockf(): _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE || _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500
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18 Apply, test or remove a POSIX lock on a section of an open file. The
19 file is specified by fd, a file descriptor open for writing, the action
20 by cmd, and the section consists of byte positions pos..pos+len-1 if
21 len is positive, and pos-len..pos-1 if len is negative, where pos is
22 the current file position, and if len is zero, the section extends from
23 the current file position to infinity, encompassing the present and
24 future end-of-file positions. In all cases, the section may extend
25 past current end-of-file.
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27 On Linux, lockf() is just an interface on top of fcntl(2) locking.
28 Many other systems implement lockf() in this way, but note that
29 POSIX.1-2001 leaves the relationship between lockf() and fcntl(2) locks
30 unspecified. A portable application should probably avoid mixing calls
31 to these interfaces.
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33 Valid operations are given below:
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35 F_LOCK Set an exclusive lock on the specified section of the file. If
36 (part of) this section is already locked, the call blocks until
37 the previous lock is released. If this section overlaps an ear‐
38 lier locked section, both are merged. File locks are released
39 as soon as the process holding the locks closes some file
40 descriptor for the file. A child process does not inherit these
41 locks.
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43 F_TLOCK
44 Same as F_LOCK but the call never blocks and returns an error
45 instead if the file is already locked.
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47 F_ULOCK
48 Unlock the indicated section of the file. This may cause a
49 locked section to be split into two locked sections.
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51 F_TEST Test the lock: return 0 if the specified section is unlocked or
52 locked by this process; return -1, set errno to EAGAIN (EACCES
53 on some other systems), if another process holds a lock.
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56 On success, zero is returned. On error, -1 is returned, and errno is
57 set appropriately.
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60 EACCES or EAGAIN
61 The file is locked and F_TLOCK or F_TEST was specified, or the
62 operation is prohibited because the file has been memory-mapped
63 by another process.
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65 EBADF fd is not an open file descriptor.
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67 EDEADLK
68 The command was T_LOCK and this lock operation would cause a
69 deadlock.
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71 EINVAL An invalid operation was specified in fd.
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73 ENOLCK Too many segment locks open, lock table is full.
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76 SVr4, POSIX.1-2001.
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79 fcntl(2), flock(2)
80 There are also locks.txt and mandatory-locking.txt in the kernel source
81 directory Documentation/filesystems. (On older kernels, these files
82 are directly under the Documentation/ directory, and mandatory-lock‐
83 ing.txt is called mandatory.txt.)
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86 This page is part of release 3.22 of the Linux man-pages project. A
87 description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can
88 be found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
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92GNU 2009-07-25 LOCKF(3)