1GIT-UPDATE-REF(1) Git Manual GIT-UPDATE-REF(1)
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6 git-update-ref - Update the object name stored in a ref safely
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9 git update-ref [-m <reason>] (-d <ref> [<oldvalue>] | [--no-deref] <ref> <newvalue> [<oldvalue>])
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13 Given two arguments, stores the <newvalue> in the <ref>, possibly
14 dereferencing the symbolic refs. E.g. git update-ref HEAD <newvalue>
15 updates the current branch head to the new object.
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17 Given three arguments, stores the <newvalue> in the <ref>, possibly
18 dereferencing the symbolic refs, after verifying that the current value
19 of the <ref> matches <oldvalue>. E.g. git update-ref refs/heads/master
20 <newvalue> <oldvalue> updates the master branch head to <newvalue> only
21 if its current value is <oldvalue>. You can specify 40 "0" or an empty
22 string as <oldvalue> to make sure that the ref you are creating does
23 not exist.
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25 It also allows a "ref" file to be a symbolic pointer to another ref
26 file by starting with the four-byte header sequence of "ref:".
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28 More importantly, it allows the update of a ref file to follow these
29 symbolic pointers, whether they are symlinks or these "regular file
30 symbolic refs". It follows real symlinks only if they start with
31 "refs/": otherwise it will just try to read them and update them as a
32 regular file (i.e. it will allow the filesystem to follow them, but
33 will overwrite such a symlink to somewhere else with a regular
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36 If --no-deref is given, <ref> itself is overwritten, rather than the
37 result of following the symbolic pointers.
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39 In general, using
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41 git update-ref HEAD "$head"
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43 should be a lot safer than doing
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45 echo "$head" > "$GIT_DIR/HEAD"
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47 both from a symlink following standpoint and an error checking
48 standpoint. The "refs/" rule for symlinks means that symlinks that
49 point to "outside" the tree are safe: they’ll be followed for reading
50 but not for writing (so we’ll never write through a ref symlink to some
51 other tree, if you have copied a whole archive by creating a symlink
52 tree).
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54 With -d flag, it deletes the named <ref> after verifying it still
55 contains <oldvalue>.
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58 If config parameter "core.logAllRefUpdates" is true and the ref is one
59 under "refs/heads/", "refs/remotes/", "refs/notes/", or the symbolic
60 ref HEAD; or the file "$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>" exists then git update-ref
61 will append a line to the log file "$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>" (dereferencing
62 all symbolic refs before creating the log name) describing the change
63 in ref value. Log lines are formatted as:
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65 1. oldsha1 SP newsha1 SP committer LF
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67 Where "oldsha1" is the 40 character hexadecimal value previously
68 stored in <ref>, "newsha1" is the 40 character hexadecimal value of
69 <newvalue> and "committer" is the committer’s name, email address
70 and date in the standard Git committer ident format.
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72 Optionally with -m:
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74 1. oldsha1 SP newsha1 SP committer TAB message LF
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76 Where all fields are as described above and "message" is the value
77 supplied to the -m option.
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79 An update will fail (without changing <ref>) if the current user is
80 unable to create a new log file, append to the existing log file or
81 does not have committer information available.
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84 Part of the git(1) suite
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88Git 1.8.3.1 11/19/2018 GIT-UPDATE-REF(1)