1GIT-ADD(1)                        Git Manual                        GIT-ADD(1)
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NAME

6       git-add - Add file contents to the index
7

SYNOPSIS

9       git add [--verbose | -v] [--dry-run | -n] [--force | -f] [--interactive | -i] [--patch | -p]
10                 [--edit | -e] [--[no-]all | --[no-]ignore-removal | [--update | -u]]
11                 [--intent-to-add | -N] [--refresh] [--ignore-errors] [--ignore-missing] [--renormalize]
12                 [--chmod=(+|-)x] [--] [<pathspec>...]
13
14

DESCRIPTION

16       This command updates the index using the current content found in the
17       working tree, to prepare the content staged for the next commit. It
18       typically adds the current content of existing paths as a whole, but
19       with some options it can also be used to add content with only part of
20       the changes made to the working tree files applied, or remove paths
21       that do not exist in the working tree anymore.
22
23       The "index" holds a snapshot of the content of the working tree, and it
24       is this snapshot that is taken as the contents of the next commit. Thus
25       after making any changes to the working tree, and before running the
26       commit command, you must use the add command to add any new or modified
27       files to the index.
28
29       This command can be performed multiple times before a commit. It only
30       adds the content of the specified file(s) at the time the add command
31       is run; if you want subsequent changes included in the next commit,
32       then you must run git add again to add the new content to the index.
33
34       The git status command can be used to obtain a summary of which files
35       have changes that are staged for the next commit.
36
37       The git add command will not add ignored files by default. If any
38       ignored files were explicitly specified on the command line, git add
39       will fail with a list of ignored files. Ignored files reached by
40       directory recursion or filename globbing performed by Git (quote your
41       globs before the shell) will be silently ignored. The git add command
42       can be used to add ignored files with the -f (force) option.
43
44       Please see git-commit(1) for alternative ways to add content to a
45       commit.
46

OPTIONS

48       <pathspec>...
49           Files to add content from. Fileglobs (e.g.  *.c) can be given to
50           add all matching files. Also a leading directory name (e.g.  dir to
51           add dir/file1 and dir/file2) can be given to update the index to
52           match the current state of the directory as a whole (e.g.
53           specifying dir will record not just a file dir/file1 modified in
54           the working tree, a file dir/file2 added to the working tree, but
55           also a file dir/file3 removed from the working tree. Note that
56           older versions of Git used to ignore removed files; use --no-all
57           option if you want to add modified or new files but ignore removed
58           ones.
59
60           For more details about the <pathspec> syntax, see the pathspec
61           entry in gitglossary(7).
62
63       -n, --dry-run
64           Don’t actually add the file(s), just show if they exist and/or will
65           be ignored.
66
67       -v, --verbose
68           Be verbose.
69
70       -f, --force
71           Allow adding otherwise ignored files.
72
73       -i, --interactive
74           Add modified contents in the working tree interactively to the
75           index. Optional path arguments may be supplied to limit operation
76           to a subset of the working tree. See “Interactive mode” for
77           details.
78
79       -p, --patch
80           Interactively choose hunks of patch between the index and the work
81           tree and add them to the index. This gives the user a chance to
82           review the difference before adding modified contents to the index.
83
84           This effectively runs add --interactive, but bypasses the initial
85           command menu and directly jumps to the patch subcommand. See
86           “Interactive mode” for details.
87
88       -e, --edit
89           Open the diff vs. the index in an editor and let the user edit it.
90           After the editor was closed, adjust the hunk headers and apply the
91           patch to the index.
92
93           The intent of this option is to pick and choose lines of the patch
94           to apply, or even to modify the contents of lines to be staged.
95           This can be quicker and more flexible than using the interactive
96           hunk selector. However, it is easy to confuse oneself and create a
97           patch that does not apply to the index. See EDITING PATCHES below.
98
99       -u, --update
100           Update the index just where it already has an entry matching
101           <pathspec>. This removes as well as modifies index entries to match
102           the working tree, but adds no new files.
103
104           If no <pathspec> is given when -u option is used, all tracked files
105           in the entire working tree are updated (old versions of Git used to
106           limit the update to the current directory and its subdirectories).
107
108       -A, --all, --no-ignore-removal
109           Update the index not only where the working tree has a file
110           matching <pathspec> but also where the index already has an entry.
111           This adds, modifies, and removes index entries to match the working
112           tree.
113
114           If no <pathspec> is given when -A option is used, all files in the
115           entire working tree are updated (old versions of Git used to limit
116           the update to the current directory and its subdirectories).
117
118       --no-all, --ignore-removal
119           Update the index by adding new files that are unknown to the index
120           and files modified in the working tree, but ignore files that have
121           been removed from the working tree. This option is a no-op when no
122           <pathspec> is used.
123
124           This option is primarily to help users who are used to older
125           versions of Git, whose "git add <pathspec>..." was a synonym for
126           "git add --no-all <pathspec>...", i.e. ignored removed files.
127
128       -N, --intent-to-add
129           Record only the fact that the path will be added later. An entry
130           for the path is placed in the index with no content. This is useful
131           for, among other things, showing the unstaged content of such files
132           with git diff and committing them with git commit -a.
133
134       --refresh
135           Don’t add the file(s), but only refresh their stat() information in
136           the index.
137
138       --ignore-errors
139           If some files could not be added because of errors indexing them,
140           do not abort the operation, but continue adding the others. The
141           command shall still exit with non-zero status. The configuration
142           variable add.ignoreErrors can be set to true to make this the
143           default behaviour.
144
145       --ignore-missing
146           This option can only be used together with --dry-run. By using this
147           option the user can check if any of the given files would be
148           ignored, no matter if they are already present in the work tree or
149           not.
150
151       --no-warn-embedded-repo
152           By default, git add will warn when adding an embedded repository to
153           the index without using git submodule add to create an entry in
154           .gitmodules. This option will suppress the warning (e.g., if you
155           are manually performing operations on submodules).
156
157       --renormalize
158           Apply the "clean" process freshly to all tracked files to forcibly
159           add them again to the index. This is useful after changing
160           core.autocrlf configuration or the text attribute in order to
161           correct files added with wrong CRLF/LF line endings. This option
162           implies -u.
163
164       --chmod=(+|-)x
165           Override the executable bit of the added files. The executable bit
166           is only changed in the index, the files on disk are left unchanged.
167
168       --
169           This option can be used to separate command-line options from the
170           list of files, (useful when filenames might be mistaken for
171           command-line options).
172

CONFIGURATION

174       The optional configuration variable core.excludesFile indicates a path
175       to a file containing patterns of file names to exclude from git-add,
176       similar to $GIT_DIR/info/exclude. Patterns in the exclude file are used
177       in addition to those in info/exclude. See gitignore(5).
178

EXAMPLES

180       ·   Adds content from all *.txt files under Documentation directory and
181           its subdirectories:
182
183               $ git add Documentation/\*.txt
184
185           Note that the asterisk * is quoted from the shell in this example;
186           this lets the command include the files from subdirectories of
187           Documentation/ directory.
188
189       ·   Considers adding content from all git-*.sh scripts:
190
191               $ git add git-*.sh
192
193           Because this example lets the shell expand the asterisk (i.e. you
194           are listing the files explicitly), it does not consider
195           subdir/git-foo.sh.
196

INTERACTIVE MODE

198       When the command enters the interactive mode, it shows the output of
199       the status subcommand, and then goes into its interactive command loop.
200
201       The command loop shows the list of subcommands available, and gives a
202       prompt "What now> ". In general, when the prompt ends with a single >,
203       you can pick only one of the choices given and type return, like this:
204
205               *** Commands ***
206                 1: status       2: update       3: revert       4: add untracked
207                 5: patch        6: diff         7: quit         8: help
208               What now> 1
209
210
211       You also could say s or sta or status above as long as the choice is
212       unique.
213
214       The main command loop has 6 subcommands (plus help and quit).
215
216       status
217           This shows the change between HEAD and index (i.e. what will be
218           committed if you say git commit), and between index and working
219           tree files (i.e. what you could stage further before git commit
220           using git add) for each path. A sample output looks like this:
221
222                             staged     unstaged path
223                    1:       binary      nothing foo.png
224                    2:     +403/-35        +1/-1 git-add--interactive.perl
225
226           It shows that foo.png has differences from HEAD (but that is binary
227           so line count cannot be shown) and there is no difference between
228           indexed copy and the working tree version (if the working tree
229           version were also different, binary would have been shown in place
230           of nothing). The other file, git-add--interactive.perl, has 403
231           lines added and 35 lines deleted if you commit what is in the
232           index, but working tree file has further modifications (one
233           addition and one deletion).
234
235       update
236           This shows the status information and issues an "Update>>" prompt.
237           When the prompt ends with double >>, you can make more than one
238           selection, concatenated with whitespace or comma. Also you can say
239           ranges. E.g. "2-5 7,9" to choose 2,3,4,5,7,9 from the list. If the
240           second number in a range is omitted, all remaining patches are
241           taken. E.g. "7-" to choose 7,8,9 from the list. You can say * to
242           choose everything.
243
244           What you chose are then highlighted with *, like this:
245
246                          staged     unstaged path
247                 1:       binary      nothing foo.png
248               * 2:     +403/-35        +1/-1 git-add--interactive.perl
249
250           To remove selection, prefix the input with - like this:
251
252               Update>> -2
253
254           After making the selection, answer with an empty line to stage the
255           contents of working tree files for selected paths in the index.
256
257       revert
258           This has a very similar UI to update, and the staged information
259           for selected paths are reverted to that of the HEAD version.
260           Reverting new paths makes them untracked.
261
262       add untracked
263           This has a very similar UI to update and revert, and lets you add
264           untracked paths to the index.
265
266       patch
267           This lets you choose one path out of a status like selection. After
268           choosing the path, it presents the diff between the index and the
269           working tree file and asks you if you want to stage the change of
270           each hunk. You can select one of the following options and type
271           return:
272
273               y - stage this hunk
274               n - do not stage this hunk
275               q - quit; do not stage this hunk or any of the remaining ones
276               a - stage this hunk and all later hunks in the file
277               d - do not stage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file
278               g - select a hunk to go to
279               / - search for a hunk matching the given regex
280               j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk
281               J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk
282               k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk
283               K - leave this hunk undecided, see previous hunk
284               s - split the current hunk into smaller hunks
285               e - manually edit the current hunk
286               ? - print help
287
288           After deciding the fate for all hunks, if there is any hunk that
289           was chosen, the index is updated with the selected hunks.
290
291           You can omit having to type return here, by setting the
292           configuration variable interactive.singleKey to true.
293
294       diff
295           This lets you review what will be committed (i.e. between HEAD and
296           index).
297

EDITING PATCHES

299       Invoking git add -e or selecting e from the interactive hunk selector
300       will open a patch in your editor; after the editor exits, the result is
301       applied to the index. You are free to make arbitrary changes to the
302       patch, but note that some changes may have confusing results, or even
303       result in a patch that cannot be applied. If you want to abort the
304       operation entirely (i.e., stage nothing new in the index), simply
305       delete all lines of the patch. The list below describes some common
306       things you may see in a patch, and which editing operations make sense
307       on them.
308
309       added content
310           Added content is represented by lines beginning with "+". You can
311           prevent staging any addition lines by deleting them.
312
313       removed content
314           Removed content is represented by lines beginning with "-". You can
315           prevent staging their removal by converting the "-" to a " "
316           (space).
317
318       modified content
319           Modified content is represented by "-" lines (removing the old
320           content) followed by "+" lines (adding the replacement content).
321           You can prevent staging the modification by converting "-" lines to
322           " ", and removing "+" lines. Beware that modifying only half of the
323           pair is likely to introduce confusing changes to the index.
324
325       There are also more complex operations that can be performed. But
326       beware that because the patch is applied only to the index and not the
327       working tree, the working tree will appear to "undo" the change in the
328       index. For example, introducing a new line into the index that is in
329       neither the HEAD nor the working tree will stage the new line for
330       commit, but the line will appear to be reverted in the working tree.
331
332       Avoid using these constructs, or do so with extreme caution.
333
334       removing untouched content
335           Content which does not differ between the index and working tree
336           may be shown on context lines, beginning with a " " (space). You
337           can stage context lines for removal by converting the space to a
338           "-". The resulting working tree file will appear to re-add the
339           content.
340
341       modifying existing content
342           One can also modify context lines by staging them for removal (by
343           converting " " to "-") and adding a "+" line with the new content.
344           Similarly, one can modify "+" lines for existing additions or
345           modifications. In all cases, the new modification will appear
346           reverted in the working tree.
347
348       new content
349           You may also add new content that does not exist in the patch;
350           simply add new lines, each starting with "+". The addition will
351           appear reverted in the working tree.
352
353       There are also several operations which should be avoided entirely, as
354       they will make the patch impossible to apply:
355
356       ·   adding context (" ") or removal ("-") lines
357
358       ·   deleting context or removal lines
359
360       ·   modifying the contents of context or removal lines
361

SEE ALSO

363       git-status(1) git-rm(1) git-reset(1) git-mv(1) git-commit(1) git-
364       update-index(1)
365

GIT

367       Part of the git(1) suite
368
369
370
371Git 2.18.1                        05/14/2019                        GIT-ADD(1)
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