1Date::Calendar::ProfileUss(e3r)Contributed Perl DocumentDaattieo:n:Calendar::Profiles(3)
2
6 Date::Calendar::Profiles - Some sample profiles for Date::Calendar and
7 Date::Calendar::Year
8
10 use Date::Calendar::Profiles qw( $Profiles );
11 use Date::Calendar;
12 $cal_US_AK = Date::Calendar->new( $Profiles->{'US-AK'} [,LANG[,WEEKEND]] );
14 $cal_DE_BY = Date::Calendar->new( $Profiles->{'DE-BY'} [,LANG[,WEEKEND]] );
15 or
17 use Date::Calendar::Profiles qw( $Profiles );
19 use Date::Calendar::Year;
20 $year_2000_US_FL = Date::Calendar::Year->new( 2000, $Profiles->{'US-FL'} [,LANG[,WEEKEND]] );
22 $year_2001_DE_NW = Date::Calendar::Year->new( 2001, $Profiles->{'DE-NW'} [,LANG[,WEEKEND]] );
23 and also
25 use Date::Calendar::Profiles
27 qw(
28 &Previous_Friday
29 &Next_Monday
30 &Next_Monday_or_Tuesday
31 &Nearest_Workday
32 &Sunday_to_Monday
33 &Advent1
34 &Advent2
35 &Advent3
36 &Advent4
37 &Advent
38 );
39
41 This module provides some sample profiles (i.e., holiday schemes) for
42 use with the Date::Calendar(3) and Date::Calendar::Year(3) module.
43 You are not required to use these, you can always roll your own (this
45 is very easy). See the section "HOW TO ROLL YOUR OWN" below for more
46 instructions on how to do this, and take the profiles from this module
47 as examples.
48 Please let me know of any errors in these profiles, and please send me
50 your own profiles if you'd like to see them included in the next
51 release of this module! Thank you!
52 (But please, only use the ISO-Latin-1 character set whenever possible,
54 since my module doesn't support any other character sets yet, or at
55 least tell me which character set you used so I can document this in
56 this manual page. Thank you!)
57
59 The method "init()" in module Date::Calendar::Year(3) is responsible
60 for parsing the calendar schemes contained here in the
61 Date::Calendar::Profiles module.
62 This method offers a "mini-language" which allows to specify common
64 date formulas, like for instance a simple fixed date (in various
65 different formats, e.g. american or european), or things like "the
66 second Sunday of May" (Mother's Day), or "Easter Sunday minus 46 days"
67 (Ash Wednesday), to cite just a few.
68 See the section "DATE FORMULA SYNTAX" below for more details.
70 There are some more complicated formulas, however, which cannot be
72 expressed in such simple terms.
73 The rule that if a holiday falls on a weekend, it will be substituted
75 by either the adjacent Friday or Monday (whichever lies closer), is an
76 example of this.
77 In order to be able to deal with such formulas, and in order to be as
79 flexible as possible, the "init()" method offers the possibility of
80 using callback functions to deal with such dates and formulas.
81 See the section "CALLBACK INTERFACE" below for more details on this
83 topic.
84 In order to assist you with more common cases of odd formulas, the
86 module Date::Calendar::Profiles exports the following utility
87 subroutines (which are meant to be used as "filters" in callback
88 functions of your own):
89 · "($year,$month,$day[,ANYTHING]) =
91 Previous_Friday($year,$month,$day[,ANYTHING]);"
92 If the given date falls on a Saturday or Sunday, this function
94 changes the date to the adjacent Friday before that, and returns this
95 new date.
96 Otherwise the given date is returned unchanged.
98 The rest of the input parameters, if any, are simply copied to the
100 output.
101 · "($year,$month,$day[,ANYTHING]) =
103 Next_Monday($year,$month,$day[,ANYTHING]);"
104 If the given date falls on a Saturday or Sunday, this function
106 changes the date to the adjacent Monday after that, and returns this
107 new date.
108 Otherwise the given date is returned unchanged.
110 The rest of the input parameters, if any, are simply copied to the
112 output.
113 · "($year,$month,$day[,ANYTHING]) =
115 Next_Monday_or_Tuesday($year,$month,$day[,ANYTHING]);"
116 If the given date falls on a Saturday, the date of the next Monday
118 (after that weekend) is returned.
119 If the given date falls on a Sunday, the date of the next Tuesday
121 (after that weekend) is returned.
122 If the given date falls on a Monday, the date of the next Tuesday
124 (the day after the Monday) is returned.
125 Otherwise the given date is returned unchanged.
127 The rest of the input parameters, if any, are simply copied to the
129 output.
130 This function is used for the second of two adjacent holidays, where
132 the first holiday obeys the "Next Monday" rule (see the description
133 of the function immediately above).
134 Examples of this are Christmas and Boxing Day, among others.
136 When the first holiday falls on Friday, the second one falls on
138 Saturday and is substituted by Monday.
139 When the first holiday falls on a Saturday, the second one falls on
141 Sunday, so the first holiday is substituted by Monday and the second
142 one by Tuesday.
143 When the first holiday falls on a Sunday, the second one falls on a
145 Monday. Therefore the first holiday is substituted by Monday, and
146 consequently the second holiday must be substituted by Tuesday.
147 Or, in other terms:
149 Fri Sat => Fri Mon
151 Sat Sun => Mon Tue
152 Sun Mon => Mon Tue
153 Note that there is no filter subroutine yet for the second of two
155 adjacent holidays when the first holiday obeys the "Nearest Workday"
156 rule (see the function described immediately below), i.e.,
157 Fri Sat => Fri Mon
159 Sat Sun => Fri Mon
160 Sun Mon => Mon Tue
161 This is left as an excercise to the inclined reader. ":-)"
163 · "($year,$month,$day[,ANYTHING]) =
165 Nearest_Workday($year,$month,$day[,ANYTHING]);"
166 If the given date falls on a Saturday, this function returns the date
168 of the Friday on the day before.
169 If the given date falls on a Sunday, this function returns the date
171 of the Monday on the day after.
172 Otherwise the given date is returned unchanged.
174 The rest of the input parameters, if any, are simply copied to the
176 output.
177 · "($year,$month,$day[,ANYTHING]) =
179 Sunday_to_Monday($year,$month,$day[,ANYTHING]);"
180 If the given date falls on a Sunday, this function returns the date
182 of the Monday on the day after.
183 Otherwise the given date is returned unchanged.
185 The rest of the input parameters, if any, are simply copied to the
187 output.
188 The typical use of these filter subroutines is in a "return" statement
190 at the end of callback functions of your own, when you already have
191 calculated the holiday in question and only need to adjust it according
192 to the rule implemented by the filter subroutine in question.
193 See also the implementation of the Date::Calendar::Profiles module for
195 examples of how to use these functions.
196
198 - Fixed dates:
199 "Christmas" => "24.12", # European format (day, month)
201 "Christmas" => "24.12.",
202 "Christmas" => "24Dec",
204 "Christmas" => "24.Dec",
205 "Christmas" => "24Dec.",
206 "Christmas" => "24.Dec.",
207 "Christmas" => "24-12",
209 "Christmas" => "24-12-",
210 "Christmas" => "24-Dec",
212 "Christmas" => "24-Dec-",
213 "Christmas" => "12/25", # American format (month, day)
215 "Christmas" => "Dec25",
216 "Christmas" => "Dec/25",
217 - Dates relative to Easter Sunday:
219 "Ladies' Carnival" => "-52",
221 "Carnival Monday" => "-48",
222 "Mardi Gras" => "-47",
223 "Ash Wednesday" => "-46",
224 "Palm Sunday" => "-7",
225 "Maundy Thursday" => "-3",
226 "Good Friday" => "-2",
227 "Easter Sunday" => "+0",
228 "Easter Monday" => "+1",
229 "Ascension" => "+39",
230 "Whitsunday" => "+49",
231 "Whitmonday" => "+50",
232 "Corpus Christi" => "+60",
233 - The 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th or last day of week:
235 "Thanksgiving" => "4Thu11",
237 "Thanksgiving" => "4/Thu/Nov",
238 "Columbus Day" => "2/Mon/Oct",
239 "Columbus Day" => "2/Mon/10",
240 "Columbus Day" => "2/1/Oct",
241 "Columbus Day" => "2/1/10",
242 "Memorial Day" => "5/Mon/May", # LAST Monday of May
243 - Half holidays, commemorative days:
245 "Christmas" => ":24.12.", # only half a day off
247 "Valentine's Day" => "#Feb/14", # not an official holiday
248
250 The interface of the callback functions to use with the "init()" method
251 of the Date::Calendar::Year(3) module is very simple:
252 The callback function receives two arguments when called, first the
254 year number for which the holiday is to be calculated, and second the
255 name (the "label") of the holiday in question (which serves as key in
256 the hash of a holiday scheme).
257 This second parameter allows you to use the same callback function for
259 different holidays, which might be more practical (than separate
260 callback functions) if for instance you have a set of similar holidays
261 to calculate, like for instance the four Sundays before Christmas
262 ("Advent").
263 The callback function "Advent()" (exported by the
265 Date::Calendar::Profiles module) exemplifies this technique.
266 The callback function is expected to return a list
268 ""($year,$month,$day)"" with the exact date of the holiday (the year
269 number in the output must of course match the year number passed as
270 parameter).
271 A fatal error occurs if the returned list does not constitute a valid
273 date, in the requested year.
274 Optionally, the callback function may return a fourth value (after the
276 date) containing a string, which may be either "#" or ":".
277 The string "#" signifies that the date in question is a purely
279 commemorative date, i.e., that you don't get a day off from work on
280 that day.
281 The string ":" means that the date in question is a "half" holiday,
283 i.e., a day on which you get half a day off from work.
284 In case the holiday in question was not observed or did not exist in
286 the requested year, the callback function may also return an empty
287 list. This will cause the "init()" method to simply drop this holiday
288 for that year.
289 The module Date::Calendar::Profiles exports the sample callback
291 functions "Advent1()", "Advent2()", "Advent3()", "Advent4()" and
292 "Advent()", which might assist you in rolling your own profiles.
293
295 Every calendar profile (holiday scheme) is a hash.
296 The name of the holiday (like "Christmas", for instance) serves as the
298 key in this hash and must therefore be unique (unless you want to
299 override a default which was set previously, but see below for more on
300 this).
301 The value for each key is either a string, which specifies a simple
303 date formula, or the reference of a callback function.
304 See the section "CALLBACK INTERFACE" above for a description of the
306 interface (in and out) of these callback functions.
307 See the section "DATE FORMULA SYNTAX" above and the description of the
309 "init()" method in Date::Calendar::Year(3) for the exact syntax of date
310 formula strings.
311 BEWARE that if keys are not unique in the source code, later entries
313 will overwrite previous ones! I.e.,
314 ...
316 "My special holiday" => "01-11",
317 "My special holiday" => "02-11",
318 ...
319 will NOT set two holidays of the same name, one on November first, the
321 other on November second, but only one, on November second!
322 Therefore, in order to use sets of defaults and to be able to override
324 some of them, you must FIRST include any hash containing the default
325 definitions, and THEN write down your own definitions (see also the
326 Date::Calendar::Profiles module for examples of this!), like this:
327 $defaults =
329 {
330 "Holiday #1" => "01-01",
331 "Holiday #2" => "02-02",
332 "Holiday #3" => "03-03"
333 };
334 $variant1 =
336 {
337 %$defaults,
338 "Holiday #2" => "09-02",
339 "Holiday #4" => "04-04"
340 };
341 This is because of the way hashes work in Perl.
343 Now let's suppose that you want to write a profile containing all your
345 relatives' and friends' birthdays or anniversaries.
346 Simply go ahead and list them in your program, in any order you like,
348 as follows (for example):
349 $Birthdays =
351 {
352 "Spouse 1971" => "30.12.",
353 "Wedding Day 1992" => "01.09.",
354 "Valentine's Day" => "14.02.",
355 "Son Richard 1996" => "11.05.",
356 "Daughter Irene 1994" => "17.01.",
357 "Mom 1939" => "19.08.",
358 "Dad 1937" => "23.04.",
359 "Brother Timothy 1969" => "24.04.",
360 "Sister Catherine 1973" => "21.10.",
361 "Cousin Paul 1970" => "16.10.",
362 "Aunt Marjorie 1944" => "09.06.",
363 "Uncle George 1941" => "02.08.",
364 "Friend Alexander 1968" => "12.06.",
365 };
366 The year numbers after the names are not really necessary, but they
368 allow us to display the person's current age. If this year number is
369 omitted, we simply don't display the age.
370 Now in order to query this birthday database, we can use the following
372 little program:
373 #!perl -w
375 use strict;
377 no strict "vars";
378 use Date::Calc qw(:all);
379 use Date::Calendar;
380 $Birthdays =
382 {
383 ... # (see above)
384 };
385 @today = Today();
387 $calendar = Date::Calendar->new( $Birthdays );
388 $calendar->year( $today[0] );
389 foreach $key (@ARGV)
391 {
392 if (@list = $calendar->search( $key ))
393 {
394 foreach $date (@list)
395 {
396 @labels = $calendar->labels( $date );
397 $dow = shift(@labels);
398 # More than one person might have birthday on the same date:
399 $name = $key;
400 foreach $person (@labels)
401 {
402 if (index(lc($person),lc($key)) >= 0)
403 {
404 $name = $person;
405 last;
406 }
407 }
408 $delta = Delta_Days(@today, $date->date());
409 $age = '';
410 if ($name =~ s!\s*(\d+)\s*$!!)
411 {
412 $age = $today[0] - $1;
413 $age-- if ($delta > 0);
414 $age = sprintf(" (%2d years old)", $age);
415 }
416 printf
417 (
418 "%-20.20s: %+5d days => %3.3s %2d-%3.3s-%4d%s\n",
419 $name,
420 $delta,
421 $dow,
422 $date->day(),
423 Month_to_Text($date->month()),
424 $date->year(),
425 $age
426 );
427 }
428 }
429 else { print "No entry found in birthday list for '$key'!\n" }
430 }
431 __END__
433 Let us save this program as, say, "birthday.pl".
435 Then we can query this birthday database by providing search strings on
437 the command line, like this (note that this is a (case-insensitive)
438 substring search, NOT a regular expression match!):
439 > date
441 Wed Oct 3 18:05:45 CEST 2001
442 > perl birthday.pl wed spo
444 Wedding Day : -32 days => Sat 1-Sep-2001 ( 9 years old)
445 Spouse : +88 days => Sun 30-Dec-2001 (29 years old)
446 > perl birthday.pl son daug
448 Son Richard : -145 days => Fri 11-May-2001 ( 5 years old)
449 Daughter Irene : -259 days => Wed 17-Jan-2001 ( 7 years old)
450 > perl birthday.pl broth sist
452 Brother Timothy : -162 days => Tue 24-Apr-2001 (32 years old)
453 Sister Catherine : +18 days => Sun 21-Oct-2001 (27 years old)
454 > perl birthday.pl mom dad
456 Mom : -45 days => Sun 19-Aug-2001 (62 years old)
457 Dad : -163 days => Mon 23-Apr-2001 (64 years old)
458 > perl birthday.pl uncl aunt
460 Uncle George : -62 days => Thu 2-Aug-2001 (60 years old)
461 Aunt Marjorie : -116 days => Sat 9-Jun-2001 (57 years old)
462 > perl birthday.pl alex
464 Friend Alexander : -113 days => Tue 12-Jun-2001 (33 years old)
465 In order to get the whole list, we can supply a substring which is
467 contained in every name, which happens to be a blank (" "):
468 > perl birthday.pl ' '
470 Daughter Irene : -259 days => Wed 17-Jan-2001 ( 7 years old)
471 Valentine's Day : -231 days => Wed 14-Feb-2001
472 Dad : -163 days => Mon 23-Apr-2001 (64 years old)
473 Brother Timothy : -162 days => Tue 24-Apr-2001 (32 years old)
474 Son Richard : -145 days => Fri 11-May-2001 ( 5 years old)
475 Aunt Marjorie : -116 days => Sat 9-Jun-2001 (57 years old)
476 Friend Alexander : -113 days => Tue 12-Jun-2001 (33 years old)
477 Uncle George : -62 days => Thu 2-Aug-2001 (60 years old)
478 Mom : -45 days => Sun 19-Aug-2001 (62 years old)
479 Wedding Day : -32 days => Sat 1-Sep-2001 ( 9 years old)
480 Cousin Paul : +13 days => Tue 16-Oct-2001 (30 years old)
481 Sister Catherine : +18 days => Sun 21-Oct-2001 (27 years old)
482 Spouse : +88 days => Sun 30-Dec-2001 (29 years old)
483 By the way, a similar program is included in the "examples"
485 subdirectory of the Date::Calc distribution, called "anniversaries.pl".
486 See also the file "EXAMPLES.txt" in the distribution's main directory
488 for a short description of that little script.
489
491 Date::Calendar(3), Date::Calendar::Year(3), Date::Calc::Object(3),
492 Date::Calc(3), Date::Calc::Util(3).
493
495 The calendar profiles included in this module usually do not take
496 historical irregularities into account (even though some do in order to
497 show how this can be done), they only provide means for calculating
498 regularly recurring events (the profiles should therefore not be relied
499 upon for historical faithfulness).
500
502 The australian calendar profiles are known to contain wrong dates.
503 This is due to the fact that Australia decrees its holidays
504 individually for each year, difficulting the calculation of the
505 holidays by way of a formula. An effort to compare (and to correct) the
506 current implementation with official documents (web pages) by the
507 Australian authorities is under way. This hasn't been finished yet
508 because it is very time-consuming.
509
511 This man page documents "Date::Calendar::Profiles" version 6.3.
512
514 Steffen Beyer
515 mailto:STBEY@cpan.org
516 http://www.engelschall.com/u/sb/download/
517
519 Copyright (c) 2000 - 2009 by Steffen Beyer. All rights reserved.
520
522 This package is free software; you can use, modify and redistribute it
523 under the same terms as Perl itself, i.e., at your option, under the
524 terms either of the "Artistic License" or the "GNU General Public
525 License".
526 The C library at the core of the module "Date::Calc::XS" can, at your
528 discretion, also be used, modified and redistributed under the terms of
529 the "GNU Library General Public License".
530 Please refer to the files "Artistic.txt", "GNU_GPL.txt" and
532 "GNU_LGPL.txt" in the "license" subdirectory of this distribution for
533 any details!
534
536 This package is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
537 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
538 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
539 See the "GNU General Public License" for more details.
541perl v5.12.0 2009-10-31 Date::Calendar::Profiles(3)