1DMRAID(8) System Manager's Manual DMRAID(8)
2
6 dmraid - discover, configure and activate software (ATA)RAID
7
9 dmraid
10 {-a|--activate} {y|n|yes|no}
11 [-d|--debug]... [-v|--verbose]... [-i|--ignorelocking]
12 [-f|--format FORMAT[,FORMAT...]]
13 [{-P|--partchar} CHAR]
14 [-p|--no_partitions]
15 [-Z|--rm_partitions]
16 [--separator SEPARATOR]
17 [-t|--test]
18 [RAID-set...]
19 dmraid
21 {-b|--block_devices}
22 [-c|--display_columns][FIELD[,FIELD...]]...
23 [-d|--debug]... [-v|--verbose]...
24 [--separator SEPARATOR]
25 [device-path...]
26 dmraid
28 {-h|--help}
29 dmraid
31 {-l|--list_formats}
32 [-d|--debug]... [-v|--verbose]...
33 dmraid
35 {-n|--native_log}
36 [-d|--debug]... [-v|--verbose]... [-i|--ignorelocking]
37 [-f|--format FORMAT[,FORMAT...]]
38 [--separator SEPARATOR]
39 [device-path...]
40 dmraid
42 {-R| --rebuild}
43 RAID-set
44 [device-path]
45 dmraid
47 {-x| --remove}
48 [RAID-set]
49 dmraid
51 -f FORMAT-handler {-C| --create} set
52 --type raidlevel
53 [--size=setsize --strip stridesize]
54 --disk "device-path, device-path [, device-path ...]"
55 dmraid [ -f|--format FORMAT-handler] -S|--spare [RAID-set] -M|--media
57 "device-path"
58 dmraid
60 {-r|--raid_devices}
61 [-c|--display_columns][FIELD[,FIELD...]]...
62 [-d|--debug]... [-v|--verbose]... [-i|--ignorelocking]
63 [-D|--dump_metadata]
64 [-f|--format FORMAT[,FORMAT...]]
65 [--separator SEPARATOR]
66 [device-path...]
67 dmraid
69 {-r|--raid_devices}
70 [-d|--debug]... [-v|--verbose]... [-i|--ignorelocking]
71 [-E|--erase_metadata]
72 [-f|--format FORMAT[,FORMAT...]]
73 [--separator SEPARATOR]
74 [device-path...]
75 dmraid
77 {-s|--sets}...[a|i|active|inactive]
78 [-c|--display_columns][FIELD[,FIELD...]]...
79 [-d|--debug]... [-v|--verbose]... [-i|--ignorelocking]
80 [-f|--format FORMAT[,FORMAT...]]
81 [-g|--display_group]
82 [--separator SEPARATOR]
83 [RAID-set...]
84 dmraid
86 {-V/--version}
87
90 dmraid discovers block and software RAID devices (eg, ATARAID) by using
91 multiple different metadata format handlers which support various for‐
92 mats (eg, Highpoint 37x series). It offers activating RAID sets made
93 up by 2 or more discovered RAID devices, display properties of devices
94 and sets (see option -l for supported metadata formats). Block device
95 access to activated RAID sets occurs via device-mapper nodes /dev/map‐
96 per/RaidSetName. RaidSetName starts with the format name (see -l
97 option) which can be used to access all RAID sets of a specific format
98 easily with certain options (eg, -a below).
99 OPTIONS
102 -a, --activate {y|n} [RAID set...]
103 Activates or deactivates all or particular software RAID set.
104 In case metadata format handlers are chosen with -f , only RAID
105 sets with such format(s) can be activated or deactivated. Use‐
106 ful if devices have multiple metadata signatures. When activat‐
107 ing RAID sets, -p disables the activation of partitions on them,
108 and -Z will make dmraid tell the kernel to remove the partitions
109 from the disks underlying the set, ie if sda is part of the set,
110 remove sda1, sda2, etc. This prevents applications from
111 directly accessiong the disks bypassing dmraid. RAID set names
112 given on command line don't need to be fully specified (eg,
113 "dmraid -ay sil" would activate all discovered Silicon Image
114 Medley RAID sets).
115 {-b|--block_devices} [device-path...]
118 List all or particular discovered block devices with their prop‐
119 erties (size, serial number). Add -c to display block device
120 names only and -cc for CSV column output of block device proper‐
121 ties. See description of -c below for FIELD identifiers.
122 [-d|--debug]...
125 Enable debugging output. Opion can be given multiple times
126 increasing the debug output level.
127 [-c|--display_columns][FIELD[,FIELD...]]...
130 Display properties of block devices, RAID sets and devices in
131 column(s). Optional list specifying which FIELDs to display.
132 For -b:
133 d[evpath]|p[ath], sec[tors]|si[ze], ser[ialnumber].
134 For -r:
135 de[vpath]|p[ath], f[ormat], r[aidname], t[ype], st[atus],
136 se[ctors]|si[ze], da[taoffset]|o[ffset].
137 For -s:
138 f[ormat], r[aidname], t[ype], sta[tus], str[ide],
139 se[ctors]|si[ze], su[bsets], d[evices], sp[ares].
140 [-f|--format FORMAT[,FORMAT...]]
142 Use metadata format handler(s) to discover RAID devices. See -l
143 for a list of supported format handler names. This is useful to
144 select particular formats in case multiple metadata signatures
145 are found on a device. A comma seperated list of format names
146 can be specified which may not contain white space.
147 {-h|--help}
150 Display help text.
151 {-i|--ignorelocking}
154 Don't take out any locks. Useful in early boot where no
155 read/write access to /var is available.
156 {-l|--list_formats}
159 List all available metadata format handlers with their names and
160 descriptions. Supported RAID levels are listed in parenthesis:
161 S: Span (concatination)
163 0: RAID0 (stripe)
164 1: RAID1 (mirror)
165 10: RAID10 (mirror on top of stripes)
166 01: RAID10 (stripe on top of mirrors) Note: Intel OROM displays
167 this as RAID10
168 {-n|--native_log} [device-path...]
171 Display metadata in native, vendor-specific format. In case a
172 metadata format handler is chosen with -f only RAID devices with
173 such format will be displayed in native format. If device-
174 path(s) is/are given on the command line, native metadata output
175 is restricted to those listed.
176 [{-P|--partchar} CHAR]
178 Use CHAR as the separator between the device name and the parti‐
179 tion number.
180 {-R| --rebuild} RAID-set [device-path]
182 Rebuild raid array after a drive has failed and a new drive is
183 added. For Intel chipset based systems, there are two methods
184 in which a new drive is added to the system.
185 1. Using OROM to identify a new drive
187 During system reboot, enter OROM and mark the new drive as
188 the rebuild drive.
189 After booting to the OS, use the dmraid command to rebuild.
190 Example: dmraid -R raid_set
192 2. Using dmraid to identify a new drive
194 Boot to the OS and use the dmraid command with the new drive
195 as the second parameter.
196 Example: dmraid -R raid_set /dev/sdc
198 3. Using hot spare drive
200 Mark a drive as hot spare using the "dmraid -f isw -S" com‐
201 mand. Then use the dmraid command to start the rebuild.
202 Example: dmraid -R raid_set
204 {-x|--remove} [RAID-set]
207 Delete one or all existing software RAID devices from the meta‐
208 data.
209 -f FORMAT-handler {-C|--create} --type raidlevel [--size=setsize
212 --strip stripsize] --disk device-path, device-path [,device-path]
213 Delete one or all existing Configure a software RAID device and
214 store the configuration data in a group of hard drive devices
215 consisting of this array. This command requires the following
216 options:
217 -f FORMAT-handler
219 metadata format (see "dmraid -l")
220 --type digit[digit...]
221 specify the raid level of the software RAID set.
222 0: raid0
223 1: raid1
224 5: raid5
225 01: raid01 (isw raid10)
226 --size: [digits[k|K|m|M|g|G][b|B]]
227 specify the size of the RAID set.The number is an integer
228 followed by [kKmMgG] and/or [bB].
229 b: byte (default)
230 B: block (512 bytes)
231 K or K: on the base of 1024
232 m or M: on the base of 1024*1024
233 g or G: on the base of 1024*1024*1024
234 If this option is missing, it's set to the default value pre-
235 configured by the vendor. Note that different vendors may apply
236 different constraints on the granularity of the size or the min‐
237 imal value.
238 --strip: [digits[k|K|m|M|g|G][b|B]]
239 specify the strip size of a RAID1, RAID5, and RAID10 RAID
240 set (as above)
241 --disk: device-path[{,| }device-path...]
242 specify the array of the hard drives, e.g. /dev/sda.
243 -f FORMAT-handler -S -M device-path
246 -S -M device-path
247 This command adds hot spare support for one or more RAID sets.
249 1. When used with a format handler, which supports hot spare
251 sets (e.g. isw), a hot spare is marked to be used when rebuild‐
252 ing any RAID set of that format. 2. When used when specifying a
253 RAID set, the drive is added to that RAID set and will be used
254 only to rebuild that set. Note: If the specified name does not
255 match an existing RAID-set, a set with the new name will be cre‐
256 ated.
257 {-r|--raid_devices} [device-path...]
260 List all discovered RAID devices with format, RAID level, sec‐
261 tors used and data offset into the device. In case a metadata
262 format handler is chosen with -f , only RAID devices with such
263 format can be discovered. Useful if devices have multiple meta‐
264 data signatures. If -D is added to -r the RAID metadata gets
265 dumped into a subdirectory named dmraid.format_name (eg. for‐
266 mat_name = isw) in files named devicename.dat. The byte offset
267 where the metadata is located on the device is written into
268 files named devicename.offset and the size of the device in sec‐
269 tors into files named devicename.size.
270 If -E is added to -r the RAID metadata on the devices gets con‐
272 ditionally erased. Useful to erase old metadata after new one
273 of different type has been stored on a device in order to avoid
274 discovering both. If you enter -E option -D will be enforced in
275 order to have a fallback in case the wrong metadata got erased.
276 Manual copying back onto the device is needed to recover from
277 erasing the wrong metadata using the dumped files device‐
278 name_formatname.dat and devicename_formatname.offset. Eg, to
279 restore all *.dat files in the working directory to the respec‐
280 tive devices:
281 for f in *.dat
283 do
284 dd if=$f of=/dev/${f%%.dat} \
285 seek=`cat ${f%%dat}offset` bs=1
286 done
287 If device-path(s) is/are given on the command line, the above
289 actions are restricted to those listed. Add -c to display RAID
290 device names only and -cc for CSV column output of RAID device
291 properties. See description of -c above for FIELD identifiers.
292 --separator SEPARATOR
295 Use SEPARATOR as a delimiter for all options taking or display‐
296 ing lists.
297 -s... [a|i] [RAID-set...]
300 Display properties of RAID sets. Multiple RAID set names can be
301 given on the command line which don't need to be fully specified
302 (eg, "dmraid -s hpt" would display all discovered Highpoint RAID
303 sets). Enter -s twice to display RAID subsets too. Add -c to
304 display names of RAID sets only, -cc for CSV column output of
305 RAID set properties and -ccc for inclusion of block devices in
306 the listing. Doesn't imply -s -s to show RAID subsets (implied
307 for group sets, e.g. isw). Add -g to include information about
308 group RAID sets (as with Intel Software RAID) in the listing.
309 See description of -c above for FIELD identifiers. Note: Size
310 is given in sectors (not bytes).
311 [-v|--verbose]...
314 Enable verbose runtime information output. Opion can be given
315 multiple times increasing the verbosity level.
316
319 "dmraid -l" lists all supported metadata formats with their names along
320 with some descriptive information, eg:
321 hpt37x : (+) Highpoint HPT37X
322 hpt45x : (+) Highpoint HPT45X
323 isw : (+) Intel Software RAID
324 lsi : (0) LSI Logic MegaRAID
325 nvidia : (+) NVidia RAID
326 pdc : (+) Promise FastTrack
327 sil : (+) Silicon Image(tm) Medley(tm)
328 via : (+) VIA Software RAID
329 dos : (+) DOS partitions on SW RAIDs
330 (0): Discover, (+): Discover+Activate
331 "dmraid -ay" activates all software RAID sets discovered.
333 "dmraid -an" deactivates all active software RAID sets which are not
335 open (eg, mounted filesystem on them).
336 "dmraid -ay -f pdc" (pdc looked up from "dmraid -l") activates all
338 software RAID sets with Promise format discovered and ignores all other
339 supported formats.
340 "dmraid -r" discovers all software RAID devices supported on your sys‐
342 tem, eg:
343 /dev/dm-46: hpt45x, "hpt45x_chidjhaiaa-0", striped, ok, 320172928 sec‐
344 tors, data@ 0
345 /dev/dm-50: hpt45x, "hpt45x_chidjhaiaa-0", striped, ok, 320172928 sec‐
346 tors, data@ 0
347 /dev/dm-54: hpt45x, "hpt45x_chidjhaiaa-1", striped, ok, 320172928 sec‐
348 tors, data@ 0
349 /dev/dm-58: hpt45x, "hpt45x_chidjhaiaa-1", striped, ok, 320172928 sec‐
350 tors, data@ 0
351 "dmraid -s -s hpt45x_chidjhaiaa" displays properties of set
354 "hpt45x_chidjhaiaa", eg:
355 *** Superset
356 name : hpt45x_chidjhaiaa
357 size : 640345856
358 stride : 128
359 type : raid10
360 status : ok
361 subsets: 2
362 dev : 4
363 spare : 0
364 ---> Subset
365 name : hpt45x_chidjhaiaa-0
366 size : 640345856
367 stride : 128
368 type : stripe
369 status : ok
370 subsets: 0
371 dev : 2
372 spare : 0
373 ---> Subset
374 name : hpt45x_chidjhaiaa-1
375 size : 640345856
376 stride : 128
377 type : stripe
378 status : ok
379 subsets: 0
380 dev : 2
381 spare : 0
382 "dmraid -s -ccs hpt45" displays properties in column format of all sets
384 and subsets with hpt45* format, eg:
385 hpt45x_chidjhaiaa,640345856,128,raid10,ok,4,0
386 hpt45x_chidjhaiaa-a,640345856,128,stripe,ok,2,0
387 hpt45x_chidjhaiaa-b,640345856,128,stripe,ok,2,0
388 "dmraid -r --sep : -cpath:size" display paths and sizes in sectors for
390 RAID devices in column format using ':' as a delimiter, eg:
391 /dev/dm-8:320173055
392 /dev/dm-12:320173055
393 /dev/dm-22:320173055
394 /dev/dm-26:320173055
395 /dev/dm-30:586114703
396 /dev/dm-34:586114703
397 /dev/dm-38:586114703
398 /dev/dm-42:586114703
399 /dev/dm-46:156301487
400 /dev/dm-50:156301487
401 /dev/dm-54:390624896
402 /dev/dm-58:390624896
403 /dev/dm-62:390624896
404 /dev/dm-66:390624896
405 "dmraid -f isw -C Raid0 --type 0 --strip 8k --size 20g --disk "/dev/sdb
407 /dev/sdc"" creates an ISW volume with a name of "Raid0", 20Gig bytes in
408 total, and 8kilo bytes strip size on two disks.
409 "dmraid -f isw -C Test0 --type 0 --disk "/dev/sdd /dev/sde"" creates an
411 ISW volume with the default size and strip size.
412 "dmraid -f isw -C Test10 --type 01 --strip 128B --disk "/dev/sda
414 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd" creates a stacked RAID device, RAID10 (isw
415 format), with a name of "Test10", 128 blocks (512bytes) strip size ,
416 and the default volume size on 4 disks.
417 "dmraid -f isw -S -M /dev/sde" marks the device /dev/sde as a hot spare
419 for rebuild
420 "dmraid -R isw_djaggchdde_RAID1 /dev/sde" starts rebuild of the RAID
422 volume on device /dev/sde
423
426 dmraid returns an exit code of 0 for success or 1 for error.
427
430 Heinz Mauelshagen <Mauelshagen@RedHat.com>
431Heinz Mauelshagen DMRAID TOOL DMRAID(8)