1METRICS(1) Metrics METRICS(1)
2
6 metrics - Metrics Documentation
7 Metrics provides a powerful toolkit of ways to measure the behavior of
9 critical components in your production environment.
10 With modules for common libraries like Jetty, Logback, Log4j, Apache
12 HttpClient, Ehcache, JDBI, Jersey and reporting backends like Ganglia
13 and Graphite, Metrics provides you with full-stack visibility.
14
16 Getting Started will guide you through the process of adding Metrics to
17 an existing application. We’ll go through the various measuring instru‐
18 ments that Metrics provides, how to use them, and when they’ll come in
19 handy..SS Setting Up Maven
20 You need the metrics-core library as a dependency:
22 <dependencies>
24 <dependency>
25 <groupId>io.dropwizard.metrics</groupId>
26 <artifactId>metrics-core</artifactId>
27 <version>${metrics.version}</version>
28 </dependency>
29 </dependencies>
30 NOTE:
32 Make sure you have a metrics.version property declared in your POM
33 with the current version, which is 3.1.0.
34 Now it’s time to add some metrics to your application!
36 Meters
38 A meter measures the rate of events over time (e.g., “requests per sec‐
39 ond”). In addition to the mean rate, meters also track 1-, 5-, and
40 15-minute moving averages.
41 private final Meter requests = metrics.meter("requests");
43 public void handleRequest(Request request, Response response) {
45 requests.mark();
46 // etc
47 }
48 This meter will measure the rate of requests in requests per second.
50 Console Reporter
52 A Console Reporter is exactly what it sounds like - report to the con‐
53 sole. This reporter will print every second.
54 ConsoleReporter reporter = ConsoleReporter.forRegistry(metrics)
56 .convertRatesTo(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
57 .convertDurationsTo(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
58 .build();
59 reporter.start(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
60 Complete getting started
62 So the complete Getting Started is
63 package sample;
65 import com.codahale.metrics.*;
66 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
67 public class GetStarted {
69 static final MetricRegistry metrics = new MetricRegistry();
70 public static void main(String args[]) {
71 startReport();
72 Meter requests = metrics.meter("requests");
73 requests.mark();
74 wait5Seconds();
75 }
76 static void startReport() {
78 ConsoleReporter reporter = ConsoleReporter.forRegistry(metrics)
79 .convertRatesTo(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
80 .convertDurationsTo(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
81 .build();
82 reporter.start(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
83 }
84 static void wait5Seconds() {
86 try {
87 Thread.sleep(5*1000);
88 }
89 catch(InterruptedException e) {}
90 }
91 }
92 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
94 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
95 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
96 <groupId>somegroup</groupId>
98 <artifactId>sample</artifactId>
99 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
100 <name>Example project for Metrics</name>
101 <dependencies>
103 <dependency>
104 <groupId>io.dropwizard.metrics</groupId>
105 <artifactId>metrics-core</artifactId>
106 <version>${metrics.version}</version>
107 </dependency>
108 </dependencies>
109 </project>
110 NOTE:
112 Make sure you have a metrics.version property declared in your POM
113 with the current version, which is 3.1.0.
114 To run
116 mvn package exec:java -Dexec.mainClass=sample.First
118 The Registry
120 The centerpiece of Metrics is the MetricRegistry class, which is the
121 container for all your application’s metrics. Go ahead and create a new
122 one:
123 final MetricRegistry metrics = new MetricRegistry();
125 You’ll probably want to integrate this into your application’s lifecy‐
127 cle (maybe using your dependency injection framework), but static field
128 is fine.
129 Gauges
131 A gauge is an instantaneous measurement of a value. For example, we may
132 want to measure the number of pending jobs in a queue:
133 public class QueueManager {
135 private final Queue queue;
136 public QueueManager(MetricRegistry metrics, String name) {
138 this.queue = new Queue();
139 metrics.register(MetricRegistry.name(QueueManager.class, name, "size"),
140 new Gauge<Integer>() {
141 @Override
142 public Integer getValue() {
143 return queue.size();
144 }
145 });
146 }
147 }
148 When this gauge is measured, it will return the number of jobs in the
150 queue.
151 Every metric in a registry has a unique name, which is just a dot‐
153 ted-name string like "things.count" or "com.example.Thing.latency".
154 MetricRegistry has a static helper method for constructing these names:
155 MetricRegistry.name(QueueManager.class, "jobs", "size")
157 This will return a string with something like "com.example.QueueMan‐
159 ager.jobs.size".
160 For most queue and queue-like structures, you won’t want to simply
162 return queue.size(). Most of java.util and java.util.concurrent have
163 implementations of #size() which are O(n), which means your gauge will
164 be slow (potentially while holding a lock).
165 Counters
167 A counter is just a gauge for an AtomicLong instance. You can increment
168 or decrement its value. For example, we may want a more efficient way
169 of measuring the pending job in a queue:
170 private final Counter pendingJobs = metrics.counter(name(QueueManager.class, "pending-jobs"));
172 public void addJob(Job job) {
174 pendingJobs.inc();
175 queue.offer(job);
176 }
177 public Job takeJob() {
179 pendingJobs.dec();
180 return queue.take();
181 }
182 Every time this counter is measured, it will return the number of jobs
184 in the queue.
185 As you can see, the API for counters is slightly different:
187 #counter(String) instead of #register(String, Metric). While you can
188 use register and create your own Counter instance, #counter(String)
189 does all the work for you, and allows you to reuse metrics with the
190 same name.
191 Also, we’ve statically imported MetricRegistry’s name method in this
193 scope to reduce clutter.
194 Histograms
196 A histogram measures the statistical distribution of values in a stream
197 of data. In addition to minimum, maximum, mean, etc., it also measures
198 median, 75th, 90th, 95th, 98th, 99th, and 99.9th percentiles.
199 private final Histogram responseSizes = metrics.histogram(name(RequestHandler.class, "response-sizes"));
201 public void handleRequest(Request request, Response response) {
203 // etc
204 responseSizes.update(response.getContent().length);
205 }
206 This histogram will measure the size of responses in bytes.
208 Timers
210 A timer measures both the rate that a particular piece of code is
211 called and the distribution of its duration.
212 private final Timer responses = metrics.timer(name(RequestHandler.class, "responses"));
214 public String handleRequest(Request request, Response response) {
216 final Timer.Context context = responses.time();
217 try {
218 // etc;
219 return "OK";
220 } finally {
221 context.stop();
222 }
223 }
224 This timer will measure the amount of time it takes to process each
226 request in nanoseconds and provide a rate of requests in requests per
227 second.
228 Health Checks
230 Metrics also has the ability to centralize your service’s health checks
231 with the metrics-healthchecks module.
232 First, create a new HealthCheckRegistry instance:
234 final HealthCheckRegistry healthChecks = new HealthCheckRegistry();
236 Second, implement a HealthCheck subclass:
238 public class DatabaseHealthCheck extends HealthCheck {
240 private final Database database;
241 public DatabaseHealthCheck(Database database) {
243 this.database = database;
244 }
245 @Override
247 public HealthCheck.Result check() throws Exception {
248 if (database.isConnected()) {
249 return HealthCheck.Result.healthy();
250 } else {
251 return HealthCheck.Result.unhealthy("Cannot connect to " + database.getUrl());
252 }
253 }
254 }
255 Then register an instance of it with Metrics:
257 healthChecks.register("postgres", new DatabaseHealthCheck(database));
259 To run all of the registered health checks:
261 final Map<String, HealthCheck.Result> results = healthChecks.runHealthChecks();
263 for (Entry<String, HealthCheck.Result> entry : results.entrySet()) {
264 if (entry.getValue().isHealthy()) {
265 System.out.println(entry.getKey() + " is healthy");
266 } else {
267 System.err.println(entry.getKey() + " is UNHEALTHY: " + entry.getValue().getMessage());
268 final Throwable e = entry.getValue().getError();
269 if (e != null) {
270 e.printStackTrace();
271 }
272 }
273 }
274 Metrics comes with a pre-built health check: ThreadDeadlockHealthCheck,
276 which uses Java’s built-in thread deadlock detection to determine if
277 any threads are deadlocked.
278 Reporting Via JMX
280 To report metrics via JMX:
281 final JmxReporter reporter = JmxReporter.forRegistry(registry).build();
283 reporter.start();
284 Once the reporter is started, all of the metrics in the registry will
286 become visible via JConsole or VisualVM (if you install the MBeans
287 plugin): [image: Metrics exposed as JMX MBeans being viewed in Visu‐
288 alVM's MBeans browser] [image]
289 TIP:
291 If you double-click any of the metric properties, VisualVM will
292 start graphing the data for that property. Sweet, eh?
293 Reporting Via HTTP
295 Metrics also ships with a servlet (AdminServlet) which will serve a
296 JSON representation of all registered metrics. It will also run health
297 checks, print out a thread dump, and provide a simple “ping” response
298 for load-balancers. (It also has single servlets–MetricsServlet,
299 HealthCheckServlet, ThreadDumpServlet, and PingServlet–which do these
300 individual tasks.)
301 To use this servlet, include the metrics-servlets module as a depen‐
303 dency:
304 <dependency>
306 <groupId>io.dropwizard.metrics</groupId>
307 <artifactId>metrics-servlets</artifactId>
308 <version>${metrics.version}</version>
309 </dependency>
310 NOTE:
312 Make sure you have a metrics.version property declared in your POM
313 with the current version, which is 3.1.0.
314 From there on, you can map the servlet to whatever path you see fit.
316 Other Reporting
318 In addition to JMX and HTTP, Metrics also has reporters for the follow‐
319 ing outputs:
320 · STDOUT, using ConsoleReporter from metrics-core
322 · CSV files, using CsvReporter from metrics-core
324 · SLF4J loggers, using Slf4jReporter from metrics-core
326 · Ganglia, using GangliaReporter from metrics-ganglia
328 · Graphite, using GraphiteReporter from metrics-graphite
330
332 This goal of this document is to provide you with all the information
333 required to effectively use the Metrics library in your application. If
334 you’re new to Metrics, you should read the getting-started guide
335 first..SS Metrics Core
336 The central library for Metrics is metrics-core, which provides some
338 basic functionality:
339 · Metric registries.
341 · The five metric types: Gauges, Counters, Histograms, Meters, and
343 Timers.
344 · Reporting metrics values via JMX, the console, CSV files, and SLF4J
346 loggers.
347 Metric Registries
349 The starting point for Metrics is the MetricRegistry class, which is a
350 collection of all the metrics for your application (or a subset of your
351 application). If your application is running alongside other applica‐
352 tions in a single JVM instance (e.g., multiple WARs deployed to an
353 application server), you should use per-application MetricRegistry
354 instances with different names.
355 Metric Names
357 Each metric has a unique name, which is a simple dotted name, like
358 com.example.Queue.size. This flexibility allows you to encode a wide
359 variety of context directly into a metric’s name. If you have two
360 instances of com.example.Queue, you can give them more specific:
361 com.example.Queue.requests.size vs. com.example.Queue.responses.size,
362 for example.
363 MetricRegistry has a set of static helper methods for easily creating
365 names:
366 MetricRegistry.name(Queue.class, "requests", "size")
368 MetricRegistry.name(Queue.class, "responses", "size")
369 These methods will also elide any null values, allowing for easy
371 optional scopes.
372 Gauges
374 A gauge is the simplest metric type. It just returns a value. If, for
375 example, your application has a value which is maintained by a
376 third-party library, you can easily expose it by registering a Gauge
377 instance which returns that value:
378 registry.register(name(SessionStore.class, "cache-evictions"), new Gauge<Integer>() {
380 @Override
381 public Integer getValue() {
382 return cache.getEvictionsCount();
383 }
384 });
385 This will create a new gauge named com.example.proj.auth.Session‐
387 Store.cache-evictions which will return the number of evictions from
388 the cache.
389 JMX Gauges
391 Given that many third-party library often expose metrics only via JMX,
392 Metrics provides the JmxAttributeGauge class, which takes the object
393 name of a JMX MBean and the name of an attribute and produces a gauge
394 implementation which returns the value of that attribute:
395 registry.register(name(SessionStore.class, "cache-evictions"),
397 new JmxAttributeGauge("net.sf.ehcache:type=Cache,scope=sessions,name=eviction-count", "Value"));
398 Ratio Gauges
400 A ratio gauge is a simple way to create a gauge which is the ratio
401 between two numbers:
402 public class CacheHitRatio extends RatioGauge {
404 private final Meter hits;
405 private final Timer calls;
406 public CacheHitRatio(Meter hits, Timer calls) {
408 this.hits = hits;
409 this.calls = calls;
410 }
411 @Override
413 public Ratio getRatio() {
414 return Ratio.of(hits.getOneMinuteRate(),
415 calls.getOneMinuteRate());
416 }
417 }
418 This gauge returns the ratio of cache hits to misses using a meter and
420 a timer.
421 Cached Gauges
423 A cached gauge allows for a more efficient reporting of values which
424 are expensive to calculate:
425 registry.register(name(Cache.class, cache.getName(), "size"),
427 new CachedGauge<Long>(10, TimeUnit.MINUTES) {
428 @Override
429 protected Long loadValue() {
430 // assume this does something which takes a long time
431 return cache.getSize();
432 }
433 });
434 Derivative Gauges
436 A derivative gauge allows you to derive values from other gauges’ val‐
437 ues:
438 public class CacheSizeGauge extends DerivativeGauge<CacheStats, Long> {
440 public CacheSizeGauge(Gauge<CacheStats> statsGauge) {
441 super(statsGauge);
442 }
443 @Override
445 protected Long transform(CacheStats stats) {
446 return stats.getSize();
447 }
448 }
449 Counters
451 A counter is a simple incrementing and decrementing 64-bit integer:
452 final Counter evictions = registry.counter(name(SessionStore.class, "cache-evictions"));
454 evictions.inc();
455 evictions.inc(3);
456 evictions.dec();
457 evictions.dec(2);
458 All Counter metrics start out at 0.
460 Histograms
462 A Histogram measures the distribution of values in a stream of data:
463 e.g., the number of results returned by a search:
464 final Histogram resultCounts = registry.histogram(name(ProductDAO.class, "result-counts");
466 resultCounts.update(results.size());
467 Histogram metrics allow you to measure not just easy things like the
469 min, mean, max, and standard deviation of values, but also quantiles
470 like the median or 95th percentile.
471 Traditionally, the way the median (or any other quantile) is calculated
473 is to take the entire data set, sort it, and take the value in the mid‐
474 dle (or 1% from the end, for the 99th percentile). This works for small
475 data sets, or batch processing systems, but not for high-throughput,
476 low-latency services.
477 The solution for this is to sample the data as it goes through. By
479 maintaining a small, manageable reservoir which is statistically repre‐
480 sentative of the data stream as a whole, we can quickly and easily cal‐
481 culate quantiles which are valid approximations of the actual quan‐
482 tiles. This technique is called reservoir sampling.
483 Metrics provides a number of different Reservoir implementations, each
485 of which is useful.
486 Uniform Reservoirs
488 A histogram with a uniform reservoir produces quantiles which are valid
489 for the entirely of the histogram’s lifetime. It will return a median
490 value, for example, which is the median of all the values the histogram
491 has ever been updated with. It does this by using an algorithm called
492 Vitter’s R), which randomly selects values for the reservoir with lin‐
493 early-decreasing probability.
494 Use a uniform histogram when you’re interested in long-term measure‐
496 ments. Don’t use one where you’d want to know if the distribution of
497 the underlying data stream has changed recently.
498 Exponentially Decaying Reservoirs
500 A histogram with an exponentially decaying reservoir produces quantiles
501 which are representative of (roughly) the last five minutes of data. It
502 does so by using a forward-decaying priority reservoir with an exponen‐
503 tial weighting towards newer data. Unlike the uniform reservoir, an
504 exponentially decaying reservoir represents recent data, allowing you
505 to know very quickly if the distribution of the data has changed.
506 Timers use histograms with exponentially decaying reservoirs by
507 default.
508 Sliding Window Reservoirs
510 A histogram with a sliding window reservoir produces quantiles which
511 are representative of the past N measurements.
512 Sliding Time Window Reservoirs
514 A histogram with a sliding time window reservoir produces quantiles
515 which are strictly representative of the past N seconds (or other time
516 period).
517 WARNING:
519 While SlidingTimeWindowReservoir is easier to understand than Expo‐
520 nentiallyDecayingReservoir, it is not bounded in size, so using it
521 to sample a high-frequency process can require a significant amount
522 of memory. Because it records every measurement, it’s also the slow‐
523 est reservoir type.
524 Meters
526 A meter measures the rate at which a set of events occur:
527 final Meter getRequests = registry.meter(name(WebProxy.class, "get-requests", "requests"));
529 getRequests.mark();
530 getRequests.mark(requests.size());
531 Meters measure the rate of the events in a few different ways. The mean
533 rate is the average rate of events. It’s generally useful for trivia,
534 but as it represents the total rate for your application’s entire life‐
535 time (e.g., the total number of requests handled, divided by the number
536 of seconds the process has been running), it doesn’t offer a sense of
537 recency. Luckily, meters also record three different exponen‐
538 tially-weighted moving average rates: the 1-, 5-, and 15-minute moving
539 averages.
540 HINT:
542 Just like the Unix load averages visible in uptime or top.
543 Timers
545 A timer is basically a histogram of the duration of a type of event and
546 a meter of the rate of its occurrence.
547 final Timer timer = registry.timer(name(WebProxy.class, "get-requests"));
549 final Timer.Context context = timer.time();
551 try {
552 // handle request
553 } finally {
554 context.stop();
555 }
556 NOTE:
558 Elapsed times for it events are measured internally in nanoseconds,
559 using Java’s high-precision System.nanoTime() method. Its precision
560 and accuracy vary depending on operating system and hardware.
561 Metric Sets
563 Metrics can also be grouped together into reusable metric sets using
564 the MetricSet interface. This allows library authors to provide a sin‐
565 gle entry point for the instrumentation of a wide variety of function‐
566 ality.
567 Reporters
569 Reporters are the way that your application exports all the measure‐
570 ments being made by its metrics. metrics-core comes with four ways of
571 exporting your metrics: JMX, console, SLF4J, and CSV.
572 JMX
574 With JmxReporter, you can expose your metrics as JMX MBeans. To explore
575 this you can use VisualVM (which ships with most JDKs as jvisualvm)
576 with the VisualVM-MBeans plugins installed or JConsole (which ships
577 with most JDKs as jconsole): [image: Metrics exposed as JMX MBeans
578 being viewed in VisualVM's MBeans browser] [image]
579 TIP:
581 If you double-click any of the metric properties, VisualVM will
582 start graphing the data for that property. Sweet, eh?
583 WARNING:
585 We don’t recommend that you try to gather metrics from your produc‐
586 tion environment. JMX’s RPC API is fragile and bonkers. For develop‐
587 ment purposes and browsing, though, it can be very useful.
588 To report metrics via JMX:
590 final JmxReporter reporter = JmxReporter.forRegistry(registry).build();
592 reporter.start();
593 Console
595 For simple benchmarks, Metrics comes with ConsoleReporter, which peri‐
596 odically reports all registered metrics to the console:
597 final ConsoleReporter reporter = ConsoleReporter.forRegistry(registry)
599 .convertRatesTo(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
600 .convertDurationsTo(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
601 .build();
602 reporter.start(1, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
603 CSV
605 For more complex benchmarks, Metrics comes with CsvReporter, which
606 periodically appends to a set of .csv files in a given directory:
607 final CsvReporter reporter = CsvReporter.forRegistry(registry)
609 .formatFor(Locale.US)
610 .convertRatesTo(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
611 .convertDurationsTo(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
612 .build(new File("~/projects/data/"));
613 reporter.start(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
614 For each metric registered, a .csv file will be created, and every sec‐
616 ond its state will be written to it as a new row.
617 SLF4J
619 It’s also possible to log metrics to an SLF4J logger:
620 final Slf4jReporter reporter = Slf4jReporter.forRegistry(registry)
622 .outputTo(LoggerFactory.getLogger("com.example.metrics"))
623 .convertRatesTo(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
624 .convertDurationsTo(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
625 .build();
626 reporter.start(1, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
627 Other Reporters
629 Metrics has other reporter implementations, too:
630 · MetricsServlet is a servlet which not only exposes your metrics as a
632 JSON object, but it also runs your health checks, performs thread
633 dumps, and exposes valuable JVM-level and OS-level information.
634 · GangliaReporter allows you to constantly stream metrics data to your
636 Ganglia servers.
637 · GraphiteReporter allows you to constantly stream metrics data to your
639 Graphite servers.
640 Health Checks
642 Metrics also provides you with a consistent, unified way of performing
643 application health checks. A health check is basically a small
644 self-test which your application performs to verify that a specific
645 component or responsibility is performing correctly.
646 To create a health check, extend the HealthCheck class:
648 public class DatabaseHealthCheck extends HealthCheck {
650 private final Database database;
651 public DatabaseHealthCheck(Database database) {
653 this.database = database;
654 }
655 @Override
657 protected Result check() throws Exception {
658 if (database.ping()) {
659 return Result.healthy();
660 }
661 return Result.unhealthy("Can't ping database");
662 }
663 }
664 In this example, we’ve created a health check for a Database class on
666 which our application depends. Our fictitious Database class has a
667 #ping() method, which executes a safe test query (e.g., SELECT 1).
668 #ping() returns true if the query returns the expected result, returns
669 false if it returns something else, and throws an exception if things
670 have gone seriously wrong.
671 Our DatabaseHealthCheck, then, takes a Database instance and in its
673 #check() method, attempts to ping the database. If it can, it returns a
674 healthy result. If it can’t, it returns an unhealthy result.
675 NOTE:
677 Exceptions thrown inside a health check’s #check() method are auto‐
678 matically caught and turned into unhealthy results with the full
679 stack trace.
680 To register a health check, either use a HealthCheckRegistry instance:
682 registry.register("database", new DatabaseHealthCheck(database));
684 You can also run the set of registered health checks:
686 for (Entry<String, Result> entry : registry.runHealthChecks().entrySet()) {
688 if (entry.getValue().isHealthy()) {
689 System.out.println(entry.getKey() + ": OK");
690 } else {
691 System.out.println(entry.getKey() + ": FAIL");
692 }
693 }
694 Instrumenting Ehcache
696 The metrics-ehcache module provides InstrumentedEhcache, a decorator
697 for Ehcache caches:.INDENT 0.0
698 final Cache c = new Cache(new CacheConfiguration("test", 100));
700 MANAGER.addCache(c);
701 this.cache = InstrumentedEhcache.instrument(registry, c);
702Instrumenting an Ehcache instance creates gauges for all of the Ehcache-pro‐
704vided statistics:
705 ┌────────────────────┬────────────────────────────┐
707 │hits │ The number of times a │
708 │ │ requested item was found │
709 │ │ in the cache. │
710 ├────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
711 │in-memory-hits │ Number of times a │
712 │ │ requested item was found │
713 │ │ in the memory store. │
714 ├────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
715 │off-heap-hits │ Number of times a │
716 │ │ requested item was found │
717 │ │ in the off-heap store. │
718 ├────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
719 │on-disk-hits │ Number of times a │
720 │ │ requested item was found │
721 │ │ in the disk store. │
722 ├────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
723 │misses │ Number of times a │
724 │ │ requested item was not │
725 │ │ found in the cache. │
726 ├────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
727 │in-memory-misses │ Number of times a │
728 │ │ requested item was not │
729 │ │ found in the memory store. │
730 └────────────────────┴────────────────────────────┘
731 │off-heap-misses │ Number of times a │
733 │ │ requested item was not │
734 │ │ found in the off-heap │
735 │ │ store. │
736 ├────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
737 │on-disk-misses │ Number of times a │
738 │ │ requested item was not │
739 │ │ found in the disk store. │
740 ├────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
741 │objects │ Number of elements stored │
742 │ │ in the cache. │
743 ├────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
744 │in-memory-objects │ Number of objects in the │
745 │ │ memory store. │
746 ├────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
747 │off-heap-objects │ Number of objects in the │
748 │ │ off-heap store. │
749 ├────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
750 │on-disk-objects │ Number of objects in the │
751 │ │ disk store. │
752 ├────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
753 │mean-get-time │ The average get time. │
754 │ │ Because ehcache supports │
755 │ │ JDK1.4.2, each get time │
756 │ │ uses System.current‐ │
757 │ │ TimeMillis(), rather than │
758 │ │ nanoseconds. The accuracy │
759 │ │ is thus limited. │
760 ├────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
761 │mean-search-time │ The average execution time │
762 │ │ (in milliseconds) within │
763 │ │ the last sample period. │
764 ├────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
765 │eviction-count │ The number of cache evic‐ │
766 │ │ tions, since the cache was │
767 │ │ created, or statistics │
768 │ │ were cleared. │
769 ├────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
770 │searches-per-second │ The number of search exe‐ │
771 │ │ cutions that have com‐ │
772 │ │ pleted in the last second. │
773 ├────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
774 │accuracy │ A human readable descrip‐ │
775 │ │ tion of the accuracy set‐ │
776 │ │ ting. One of “None”, “Best │
777 │ │ Effort” or “Guaranteed”. │
778 └────────────────────┴────────────────────────────┘
779It also adds full timers for the cache’s get and put methods.
781The metrics are all scoped to the cache’s class and name, so a Cache instance
783named users would have metric names like net.sf.ehcache.Cache.users.get, etc.
784 Reporting to Ganglia
786 The metrics-ganglia module provides GangliaReporter, which allows your
787 application to constantly stream metric values to a Ganglia server:
788 final GMetric ganglia = new GMetric("ganglia.example.com", 8649, UDPAddressingMode.MULTICAST, 1);
790 final GangliaReporter reporter = GangliaReporter.forRegistry(registry)
791 .convertRatesTo(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
792 .convertDurationsTo(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
793 .build(ganglia);
794 reporter.start(1, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
795 Reporting to Graphite
797 The metrics-graphite module provides GraphiteReporter, which allows
798 your application to constantly stream metric values to a Graphite
799 server:
800 final Graphite graphite = new Graphite(new InetSocketAddress("graphite.example.com", 2003));
802 final GraphiteReporter reporter = GraphiteReporter.forRegistry(registry)
803 .prefixedWith("web1.example.com")
804 .convertRatesTo(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
805 .convertDurationsTo(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
806 .filter(MetricFilter.ALL)
807 .build(graphite);
808 reporter.start(1, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
809 If you prefer to write metrics in batches using pickle, you can use the
811 PickledGraphite:
812 final Graphite pickledGraphite = new PickledGraphite(new InetSocketAddress("graphite.example.com", 2004));
814 final GraphiteReporter reporter = GraphiteReporter.forRegistry(registry)
815 .prefixedWith("web1.example.com")
816 .convertRatesTo(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
817 .convertDurationsTo(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
818 .filter(MetricFilter.ALL)
819 .build(pickledGraphite);
820 reporter.start(1, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
821 Instrumenting Apache HttpClient
823 The metrics-httpclient module provides InstrumentedHttpClientConnMan‐
824 ager and InstrumentedHttpClients, two instrumented versions of Apache
825 HttpClient 4.x classes.
826 InstrumentedHttpClientConnManager is a thread-safe HttpClientConnec‐
828 tionManager implementation which measures the number of open connec‐
829 tions in the pool and the rate at which new connections are opened.
830 InstrumentedHttpClients follows the HttpClients builder pattern and
832 adds per-HTTP method timers for HTTP requests.
833 Metric naming strategies
835 The default per-method metric naming and scoping strategy can be over‐
836 ridden by passing an implementation of HttpClientMetricNameStrategy to
837 the InstrumentedHttpClients.createDefault method.
838 A number of pre-rolled strategies are available, e.g.:
840 HttpClient client = InstrumentedHttpClients.createDefault(registry, HttpClientMetricNameStrategies.HOST_AND_METHOD);
842 Instrumenting JDBI
844 The metrics-jdbi module provides a TimingCollector implementation for
845 JDBI, an SQL convenience library.
846 To use it, just add a InstrumentedTimingCollector instance to your DBI:
848 final DBI dbi = new DBI(dataSource);
850 dbi.setTimingCollector(new InstrumentedTimingCollector(registry));
851 InstrumentedTimingCollector keeps per-SQL-object timing data, as well
853 as general raw SQL timing data. The metric names for each query are
854 constructed by an StatementNameStrategy instance, of which there are
855 many implementations. By default, StatementNameStrategy uses Smart‐
856 NameStrategy, which attempts to effectively handle both queries from
857 bound objects and raw SQL.
858 Instrumenting Jersey 1.x
860 The metrics-jersey module provides InstrumentedResourceMethodDis‐
861 patchAdapter, which allows you to instrument methods on your Jersey 1.x
862 resource classes:
863 An instance of InstrumentedResourceMethodDispatchAdapter must be regis‐
865 tered with your Jersey application’s ResourceConfig as a singleton
866 provider for this to work.
867 public class ExampleApplication {
869 private final DefaultResourceConfig config = new DefaultResourceConfig();
870 public void init() {
872 config.getSingletons().add(new InstrumentedResourceMethodDispatchAdapter(registry));
873 config.getClasses().add(ExampleResource.class);
874 }
875 }
876 @Path("/example")
879 @Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
880 public class ExampleResource {
881 @GET
882 @Timed
883 public String show() {
884 return "yay";
885 }
886 }
887 The show method in the above example will have a timer attached to it,
889 measuring the time spent in that method.
890 Use of the @Metered and @ExceptionMetered annotations is also sup‐
892 ported.
893 Instrumenting Jersey 2.x
895 Jersey 2.x changed the API for how resource method monitoring works, so
896 a new module metrics-jersey2 provides InstrumentedResourceMethodAppli‐
897 cationListener, which allows you to instrument methods on your Jersey
898 2.x resource classes:
899 The metrics-jersey2 module provides InstrumentedResourceMethodApplica‐
901 tionListener, which allows you to instrument methods on your Jersey 2.x
902 resource classes:
903 An instance of InstrumentedResourceMethodApplicationListener must be
905 registered with your Jersey application’s ResourceConfig as a singleton
906 provider for this to work.
907 public class ExampleApplication extends ResourceConfig {
909 .
910 .
911 .
912 register(new InstrumentedResourceMethodApplicationListener (new MetricRegistry()));
913 config = config.register(ExampleResource.class);
914 .
915 .
916 .
917 }
918 @Path("/example")
920 @Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
921 public class ExampleResource {
922 @GET
923 @Timed
924 public String show() {
925 return "yay";
926 }
927 }
928 The show method in the above example will have a timer attached to it,
930 measuring the time spent in that method.
931 Use of the @Metered and @ExceptionMetered annotations is also sup‐
933 ported.
934 Instrumenting Jetty
936 The metrics-jetty8 (Jetty 8.0), metrics-jetty9-legacy (Jetty 9.0), and
937 metrics-jetty9 (Jetty 9.1 and higher) modules provides a set of instru‐
938 mented equivalents of Jetty classes: InstrumentedBlockingChannelConnec‐
939 tor, InstrumentedHandler, InstrumentedQueuedThreadPool, InstrumentedSe‐
940 lectChannelConnector, and InstrumentedSocketConnector.
941 The Connector implementations are simple, instrumented subclasses of
943 the Jetty connector types which measure connection duration, the rate
944 of accepted connections, connections, disconnections, and the total
945 number of active connections.
946 InstrumentedQueuedThreadPool is a QueuedThreadPool subclass which mea‐
948 sures the ratio of idle threads to working threads as well as the abso‐
949 lute number of threads (idle and otherwise).
950 InstrumentedHandler is a Handler decorator which measures a wide range
952 of HTTP behavior: dispatch times, requests, resumes, suspends, expires,
953 the number of active, suspected, and dispatched requests, as well as
954 meters of responses with 1xx, 2xx, 3xx, 4xx, and 5xx status codes. It
955 even has gauges for the ratios of 4xx and 5xx response rates to overall
956 response rates. Finally, it includes meters for requests by the HTTP
957 method: GET, POST, etc.
958 Instrumenting Log4j
960 The metrics-log4j and metrics-log4j2 modules provide InstrumentedAppen‐
961 der, a Log4j Appender implementation (for log4j 1.x and log4j 2.x cor‐
962 respondingly) which records the rate of logged events by their logging
963 level.
964 You can add it to the root logger programmatically.
966 For log4j 1.x:
968 InstrumentedAppender appender = new InstrumentedAppender(registry);
970 appender.activateOptions();
971 LogManager.getRootLogger().addAppender(appender);
972 For log4j 2.x:
974 Filter filter = null; // That's fine if we don't use filters; https://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/manual/filters.html
976 PatternLayout layout = null; // The layout isn't used in InstrumentedAppender
977 InstrumentedAppender appender = new InstrumentedAppender(metrics, filter, layout, false);
979 appender.start();
980 LoggerContext context = (LoggerContext) LogManager.getContext(false);
982 Configuration config = context.getConfiguration();
983 config.getLoggerConfig(LogManager.ROOT_LOGGER_NAME).addAppender(appender, level, filter);
984 context.updateLoggers(config);
985 Instrumenting Logback
987 The metrics-logback module provides InstrumentedAppender, a Logback
988 Appender implementation which records the rate of logged events by
989 their logging level.
990 You add it to the root logger programmatically:
992 final LoggerContext factory = (LoggerContext) LoggerFactory.getILoggerFactory();
994 final Logger root = factory.getLogger(Logger.ROOT_LOGGER_NAME);
995 final InstrumentedAppender metrics = new InstrumentedAppender(registry);
997 metrics.setContext(root.getLoggerContext());
998 metrics.start();
999 root.addAppender(metrics);
1000 JVM Instrumentation
1002 The metrics-jvm module contains a number of reusable gauges and metric
1003 sets which allow you to easily instrument JVM internals.
1004 Supported metrics include:
1006 · Run count and elapsed times for all supported garbage collectors
1008 · Memory usage for all memory pools, including off-heap memory
1010 · Breakdown of thread states, including deadlocks
1012 · File descriptor usage
1014 · Buffer pool sizes and utilization (Java 7 only)
1016 JSON Support
1018 Metrics comes with metrics-json, which features two reusable modules
1019 for Jackson.
1020 This allows for the serialization of all metric types and health checks
1022 to a standard, easily-parsable JSON format.
1023 Metrics Servlets
1025 The metrics-servlets module provides a handful of useful servlets:
1026 HealthCheckServlet
1028 HealthCheckServlet responds to GET requests by running all the [health
1029 checks](#health-checks) and returning 501 Not Implemented if no health
1030 checks are registered, 200 OK if all pass, or 500 Internal Service
1031 Error if one or more fail. The results are returned as a human-readable
1032 text/plain entity.
1033 HealthCheckServlet requires that the servlet context has a HealthCheck‐
1035 Registry named com.codahale.metrics.servlets.HealthCheckServlet.reg‐
1036 istry. You can subclass MetricsServletContextListener, which will add a
1037 specific HealthCheckRegistry to the servlet context.
1038 ThreadDumpServlet
1040 ThreadDumpServlet responds to GET requests with a text/plain represen‐
1041 tation of all the live threads in the JVM, their states, their stack
1042 traces, and the state of any locks they may be waiting for.
1043 MetricsServlet
1045 MetricsServlet exposes the state of the metrics in a particular reg‐
1046 istry as a JSON object.
1047 MetricsServlet requires that the servlet context has a MetricRegistry
1049 named com.codahale.metrics.servlets.MetricsServlet.registry. You can
1050 subclass MetricsServletContextListener, which will add a specific Met‐
1051 ricRegistry to the servlet context.
1052 MetricsServlet also takes an initialization parameter, show-jvm-met‐
1054 rics, which if "false" will disable the outputting of JVM-level infor‐
1055 mation in the JSON object.
1056 PingServlet
1058 PingServlet responds to GET requests with a text/plain/200 OK response
1059 of pong. This is useful for determining liveness for load balancers,
1060 etc.
1061 AdminServlet
1063 AdminServlet aggregates HealthCheckServlet, ThreadDumpServlet, Metric‐
1064 sServlet, and PingServlet into a single, easy-to-use servlet which pro‐
1065 vides a set of URIs:
1066 · /: an HTML admin menu with links to the following:
1068 · /healthcheck: HealthCheckServlet
1070 · /metrics: MetricsServlet
1072 · /ping: PingServlet
1074 · /threads: ThreadDumpServlet
1076 You will need to add your MetricRegistry and HealthCheckRegistry
1078 instances to the servlet context as attributes named com.codahale.met‐
1079 rics.servlets.MetricsServlet.registry and com.codahale.met‐
1080 rics.servlets.HealthCheckServlet.registry, respectively. You can do
1081 this using the Servlet API by extending MetricsServlet.ContextListener
1082 for MetricRegistry:
1083 public class MyMetricsServletContextListener extends MetricsServlet.ContextListener {
1085 public static final MetricRegistry METRIC_REGISTRY = new MetricRegistry();
1087 @Override
1089 protected MetricRegistry getMetricRegistry() {
1090 return METRIC_REGISTRY;
1091 }
1092 }
1094 And by extending HealthCheckServlet.ContextListener for HealthCheckReg‐
1096 istry:
1097 public class MyHealthCheckServletContextListener extends HealthCheckServlet.ContextListener {
1099 public static final HealthCheckRegistry HEALTH_CHECK_REGISTRY = new HealthCheckRegistry();
1101 @Override
1103 protected HealthCheckRegistry getHealthCheckRegistry() {
1104 return HEALTH_CHECK_REGISTRY;
1105 }
1106 }
1108 Then you will need to register servlet context listeners either in you
1110 web.xml or annotating the class with @WebListener if you are in servlet
1111 3.0 environment. In web.xml:
1112 <listener>
1114 <listener-class>com.example.MyMetricsServletContextListener</listener-class>
1115 </listener>
1116 <listener>
1117 <listener-class>com.example.MyHealthCheckServletContextListener</listener-class>
1118 </listener>
1119 You will also need to register AdminServlet in web.xml:
1121 <servlet>
1123 <servlet-name>metrics</servlet-name>
1124 <servlet-class>com.codahale.metrics.servlets.AdminServlet</servlet-class>
1125 </servlet>
1126 <servlet-mapping>
1127 <servlet-name>metrics</servlet-name>
1128 <url-pattern>/metrics/*</url-pattern>
1129 </servlet-mapping>
1130 Instrumenting Web Applications
1132 The metrics-servlet module provides a Servlet filter which has meters
1133 for status codes, a counter for the number of active requests, and a
1134 timer for request duration. By default the filter will use com.coda‐
1135 hale.metrics.servlet.InstrumentedFilter as the base name of the met‐
1136 rics. You can use the filter in your web.xml like this:
1137 <filter>
1139 <filter-name>instrumentedFilter</filter-name>
1140 <filter-class>com.codahale.metrics.servlet.InstrumentedFilter</filter-class>
1141 </filter>
1142 <filter-mapping>
1143 <filter-name>instrumentedFilter</filter-name>
1144 <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
1145 </filter-mapping>
1146 An optional filter init-param name-prefix can be specified to override
1148 the base name of the metrics associated with the filter mapping. This
1149 can be helpful if you need to instrument multiple url patterns and give
1150 each a unique name.
1151 <filter>
1153 <filter-name>instrumentedFilter</filter-name>
1154 <filter-class>com.codahale.metrics.servlet.InstrumentedFilter</filter-class>
1155 <init-param>
1156 <param-name>name-prefix</param-name>
1157 <param-value>authentication</param-value>
1158 </init-param>
1159 </filter>
1160 <filter-mapping>
1161 <filter-name>instrumentedFilter</filter-name>
1162 <url-pattern>/auth/*</url-pattern>
1163 </filter-mapping>
1164 You will need to add your MetricRegistry to the servlet context as an
1166 attribute named com.codahale.metrics.servlet.InstrumentedFilter.reg‐
1167 istry. You can do this using the Servlet API by extending Instrumented‐
1168 FilterContextListener:
1169 public class MyInstrumentedFilterContextListener extends InstrumentedFilterContextListener {
1171 public static final MetricRegistry REGISTRY = new MetricRegistry();
1172 @Override
1174 protected MetricRegistry getMetricRegistry() {
1175 return REGISTRY;
1176 }
1177 }
1178 Third Party Libraries
1180 If you’re looking to integrate with something not provided by the main
1181 Metrics libraries, check out the many third-party libraries which
1182 extend Metrics:
1183 · metrics-librato provides a reporter for Librato Metrics, a scalable
1185 metric collection, aggregation, monitoring, and alerting service.
1186 · metrics-spring provides integration with Spring
1188 · sematext-metrics-reporter provides a reporter for SPM.
1190 · wicket-metrics provides easy integration for your Wicket application.
1192 · metrics-guice provides integration with Guice.
1194 · metrics-scala provides an API optimized for Scala.
1196 · metrics-clojure provides an API optimized for Clojure.
1198 · metrics-cassandra provides a reporter for Apache Cassandra.
1200 · MetricCatcher Turns JSON over UDP into Metrics so that non-jvm lan‐
1202 guages can know what’s going on too.
1203 · metrics-reporter-config DropWizard-eqsue YAML configuration of
1205 reporters.
1206 · metrics-elasticsearch-reporter provides a reporter for elasticsearch
1208 · metrics-statsd provides a Metrics 2.x and 3.x reporter for StatsD
1210 · metrics-datadog provides a reporter to send data to Datadog
1212 · metrics-influxdb provides a reporter which announces measurements to
1214 InfluxDB
1215 · metrics-cdi provides integration with CDI environments
1217 · metrics-aspectj provides integration with AspectJ
1219 · camel-metrics provides component for your Apache Camel route
1221
1223 Contributors
1224 Many, many thanks to:
1225 · Alan Woodward
1227 · Alex Lambert
1229 · Basil James Whitehouse III
1231 · Benjamin Gehrels
1233 · Bernardo Gomez Palacio
1235 · Brian Ehmann
1237 · Brian Roberts
1239 · Bruce Mitchener
1241 · C. Scott Andreas
1243 · ceetav
1245 · Charles Care
1247 · Chris Birchall
1249 · Chris Burroughs
1251 · Christopher Swenson
1253 · Ciamac Moallemi
1255 · Cliff Moon
1257 · Collin VanDyck
1259 · Dag Liodden
1261 · Dale Wijnand
1263 · Dan Brown
1265 · Dan Everton
1267 · Dan Revel
1269 · David Sutherland
1271 · Diwaker Gupta
1273 · Drew Stephens
1275 · Edwin Shin
1277 · Eric Daigneault
1279 · Evan Jones
1281 · François Beausoleil
1283 · Gerolf Seitz
1285 · Greg Bowyer
1287 · Jackson Davis
1289 · James Casey
1291 · Jan-Helge Bergesen
1293 · Jason A. Beranek
1295 · Jason Slagle
1297 · JD Maturen
1299 · Jeff Hodges
1301 · Jesper Blomquist
1303 · Jesse Eichar
1305 · John Ewart
1307 · John Wang
1309 · Justin Plock
1311 · Kevin Clark
1313 · Mahesh Tiyyagura
1315 · Martin Traverso
1317 · Matt Abrams
1319 · Matt Ryall
1321 · Matthew Gilliard
1323 · Matthew O’Connor
1325 · Mathijs Vogelzang
1327 · Mårten Gustafson
1329 · Michał Minicki
1331 · Neil Prosser
1333 · Nick Telford
1335 · Niklas Konstenius
1337 · Norbert Potocki
1339 · Pablo Fernandez
1341 · Paul Bloch
1343 · Paul Brown
1345 · Paul Doran
1347 · Paul Sandwald
1349 · Realbot
1351 · Robby Walker
1353 · Ryan Kennedy
1355 · Ryan W Tenney
1357 · Sam Perman
1359 · Sean Laurent
1361 · Shaneal Manek
1363 · Steven Schlansker
1365 · Stewart Allen
1367 · Thomas Dudziak
1369 · Tobias Lidskog
1371 · Yang Ye
1373 · Wolfgang Schell
1375 Release Notes
1377 v3.0.1: Jul 23 2013
1378 · Fixed NPE in MetricRegistry#name.
1379 · ScheduledReporter and JmxReporter now implement Closeable.
1381 · Fixed cast exception for async requests in metrics-jetty9.
1383 · Added support for Access-Control-Allow-Origin to MetricsServlet.
1385 · Fixed numerical issue with Meter EWMA rates.
1387 · Deprecated AdminServletContextListener in favor of Metric‐
1389 sServlet.ContextListener and HealthCheckServlet.ContextListener.
1390 · Added additional constructors to HealthCheckServlet and Metric‐
1392 sServlet.
1393 v3.0.0: June 10 2013
1395 · Renamed DefaultWebappMetricsFilter to InstrumentedFilter.
1396 · Renamed MetricsContextListener to InstrumentedFilterContextListener
1398 and made it fully abstract to avoid confusion.
1399 · Renamed MetricsServletContextListener to AdminServletContextListener
1401 and made it fully abstract to avoid confusion.
1402 · Upgraded to Servlet API 3.1.
1404 · Upgraded to Jackson 2.2.2.
1406 · Upgraded to Jetty 8.1.11.
1408 v3.0.0-RC1: May 31 2013
1410 · Added SharedMetricRegistries, a singleton for sharing named metric
1411 registries.
1412 · Fixed XML configuration for metrics-ehcache.
1414 · Fixed XML configuration for metrics-jersey.
1416 · Fixed XML configuration for metrics-log4j.
1418 · Fixed XML configuration for metrics-logback.
1420 · Fixed a counting bug in metrics-jetty9’s InstrumentedHandler.
1422 · Added MetricsContextListener to metrics-servlet.
1424 · Added MetricsServletContextListener to metrics-servlets.
1426 · Extracted the Counting interface.
1428 · Reverted SlidingWindowReservoir to a synchronized implementation.
1430 · Added the implementation version to the JAR manifests.
1432 · Made dependencies for all modules conform to Maven Enforcer’s conver‐
1434 gence rules.
1435 · Fixed Slf4jReporter’s logging of 99th percentiles.
1437 · Added optional name prefixing to GraphiteReporter.
1439 · Added metric-specific overrides of rate and duration units to JmxRe‐
1441 porter.
1442 · Documentation fixes.
1444 v3.0.0-BETA3: May 13 2013
1446 · Added ScheduledReporter#report() for manual reporting.
1447 · Fixed overly-grabby catches in HealthCheck and Instrumente‐
1449 dResourceMethodDispatchProvider.
1450 · Fixed phantom reads in SlidingWindowReservoir.
1452 · Revamped metrics-jetty9, removing InstrumentedConnector and improving
1454 the API.
1455 · Fixed OSGi imports for sun.misc.
1457 · Added a strategy class for HttpClient metrics.
1459 · Upgraded to Jetty 9.0.3.
1461 · Upgraded to Jackson 2.2.1.
1463 · Upgraded to Ehcache 2.6.6.
1465 · Upgraded to Logback 1.0.13.
1467 · Upgraded to HttpClient 4.2.5.
1469 · Upgraded to gmetric4j 1.0.3, which allows for host spoofing.
1471 v3.0.0-BETA2: Apr 22 2013
1473 · Metrics is now under the com.codahale.metrics package, with the cor‐
1474 responding changes in Maven artifact groups. This should allow for an
1475 easier upgrade path without classpath conflicts.
1476 · MetricRegistry no longer has a name.
1478 · Added metrics-jetty9 for Jetty 9.
1480 · JmxReporter takes an optional domain property to disambiguate multi‐
1482 ple reporters.
1483 · Fixed Java 6 compatibility problem. (Also added Java 6 as a CI envi‐
1485 ronment.)
1486 · Added MetricRegistryListener.Base.
1488 · Switched Counter, Meter, and EWMA to use JSR133’s LongAdder instead
1490 of AtomicLong, improving contended concurrency.
1491 · Added MetricRegistry#buildMap(), allowing for custom map implementa‐
1493 tions in MetricRegistry.
1494 · Added MetricRegistry#removeMatching(MetricFilter).
1496 · Changed metrics-json to optionally depend on metrics-healthcheck.
1498 · Upgraded to Jetty 8.1.10 for metrics-jetty8.
1500 v3.0.0-BETA1: Apr 01 2013
1502 · Total overhaul of most of the core Metrics classes:
1503 · Metric names are now just dotted paths like com.example.Thing,
1505 allowing for very flexible scopes, etc.
1506 · Meters and timers no longer have rate or duration units; those are
1508 properties of reporters.
1509 · Reporter architecture has been radically simplified, fixing many
1511 bugs.
1512 · Histograms and timers can take arbitrary reservoir implementations.
1514 · Added sliding window reservoir implementations.
1516 · Added MetricSet for sets of metrics.
1518 · Changed package names to be OSGi-compatible and added OSGi bundling.
1520 · Extracted JVM instrumentation to metrics-jvm.
1522 · Extracted Jackson integration to metrics-json.
1524 · Removed metrics-guice, metrics-scala, and metrics-spring.
1526 · Renamed metrics-servlet to metrics-servlets.
1528 · Renamed metrics-web to metrics-servlet.
1530 · Renamed metrics-jetty to metrics-jetty8.
1532 · Many more small changes!
1534 v2.2.0: Nov 26 2012
1536 · Removed all OSGi bundling. This will be back in 3.0.
1537 · Added InstrumentedSslSelectChannelConnector and InstrumentedSslSock‐
1539 etConnector.
1540 · Made all metric names JMX-safe.
1542 · Upgraded to Ehcache 2.6.2.
1544 · Upgraded to Apache HttpClient 4.2.2.
1546 · Upgraded to Jersey 1.15.
1548 · Upgraded to Log4j 1.2.17.
1550 · Upgraded to Logback 1.0.7.
1552 · Upgraded to Spring 3.1.3.
1554 · Upgraded to Jetty 8.1.8.
1556 · Upgraded to SLF4J 1.7.2.
1558 · Replaced usage of Unsafe in InstrumentedResourceMethodDispatch‐
1560 Provider with type erasure trickery.
1561 v2.1.5: Nov 19 2012
1563 · Upgraded to Jackson 2.1.1.
1564 v2.1.4: Nov 15 2012
1566 · Added OSGi bundling manifests.
1567 v2.1.3: Aug 06 2012
1569 · Upgraded to Apache HttpClient 4.2.1.
1570 · Changed InstrumentedClientConnManager to extend PoolingClientConnec‐
1572 tionManager instead of the deprecated ThreadSafeClientConnManager.
1573 · Fixed a bug in ExponentiallyDecayingSample with long periods of inac‐
1575 tivity.
1576 · Fixed problems with re-registering metrics in JMX.
1578 · Added support for DnsResolver instances to InstrumentedClientConnMan‐
1580 ager.
1581 · Added support for formatted health check error messages.
1583 v2.1.2: Apr 11 2012
1585 · Fixed double-registration in metrics-guice.
1586 v2.1.1: Mar 13 2012
1588 · Fixed instrumentation of all usages of InstrumentedHttpClient.
1589 v2.1.0: Mar 12 2012
1591 · Added support for Java 7’s direct and mapped buffer pool stats in
1592 VirtualMachineMetrics and metrics-servlet.
1593 · Added support for XML configuration in metrics-ehcache.
1595 · metrics-spring now support @Gauge-annotated fields.
1597 · Opened GraphiteReporter up for extension.
1599 · Added group and type to metrics-annotations, metrics-guice, met‐
1601 rics-jersey, and metrics-spring.
1602 · Fixed handling of non-int gauges in GangliaReporter.
1604 · Fixed NullPointerException errors in metrics-spring.
1606 · General improvements to metrics-spring, including allowing custom
1608 Clock instances.
1609 v2.0.3: Feb 24 2012
1611 · Change logging of InstanceNotFoundException exceptions thrown while
1612 unregistering a metric in JmxReporter to TRACE. It being WARN
1613 resulted in huge log dumps preventing process shutdowns when applica‐
1614 tions had ~1K+ metrics.
1615 · Upgraded to Spring 3.1.1 for metrics-spring.
1617 · Upgraded to JDBI 2.31.2.
1619 · Upgraded to Jersey 1.12.
1621 · Upgraded to Jetty 7.6.1.
1623 · Fixed rate units for meters in GangliaReporter.
1625 v2.0.2: Feb 09 2012
1627 · InstrumentationModule in metrics-guice now uses the default Metric‐
1628 sRegistry and HealthCheckRegistry.
1629 v2.0.1: Feb 08 2012
1631 · Fixed a concurrency bug in JmxReporter.
1632 v2.0.0: Feb 07 2012
1634 · Upgraded to Jackson 1.9.4.
1635 · Upgraded to Jetty 7.6.0.
1637 · Added escaping for garbage collector and memory pool names in
1639 GraphiteReporter.
1640 · Fixed the inability to start and stop multiple reporter instances.
1642 · Switched to using a backported version of ThreadLocalRandom for Uni‐
1644 formSample and ExponentiallyDecayingSample to reduce lock contention
1645 on random number generation.
1646 · Removed Ordered from TimedAnnotationBeanPostProcessor in met‐
1648 rics-spring.
1649 · Upgraded to JDBI 2.31.1.
1651 · Upgraded to Ehcache 2.5.1.
1653 · Added #timerContext() to Scala Timer.
1655 v2.0.0-RC0: Jan 19 2012
1657 · Added FindBugs checks to the build process.
1658 · Fixed the catching of Error instances thrown during health checks.
1660 · Added enable static methods to CsvReporter and changed CsvRe‐
1662 porter(File, MetricsRegistry) to CsvReporter(MetricsRegistry, File).
1663 · Slimmed down InstrumentedEhcache.
1665 · Hid the internals of GangliaReporter.
1667 · Hid the internals of metrics-guice.
1669 · Changed metrics-httpclient to consistently associate metrics with the
1671 org.apache class being extended.
1672 · Hid the internals of metrics-httpclient.
1674 · Rewrote InstrumentedAppender in metrics-log4j. It no longer forwards
1676 events to an appender. Instead, you can just attach it to your root
1677 logger to instrument logging.
1678 · Rewrote InstrumentedAppender in metrics-logback. No major API
1680 changes.
1681 · Fixed bugs with @ExceptionMetered-annotated resource methods in met‐
1683 rics-jersey.
1684 · Fixed bugs generating Snapshot instances from concurrently modified
1686 collections.
1687 · Fixed edge case in MetricsServlet’s thread dumps where one thread
1689 could be missed.
1690 · Added RatioGauge and PercentGauge.
1692 · Changed InstrumentedQueuedThreadPool’s percent-idle gauge to be a
1694 ratio.
1695 · Decomposed MetricsServlet into a set of focused servlets:
1697 HealthCheckServlet, MetricsServlet, PingServlet, and Thread‐
1698 DumpServlet. The top-level servlet which provides the HTML menu page
1699 is now AdminServlet.
1700 · Added metrics-spring.
1702 v2.0.0-BETA19: Jan 07 2012
1704 · Added absolute memory usage to MetricsServlet.
1705 · Extracted @Timed etc. to metrics-annotations.
1707 · Added metrics-jersey, which provides a class allowing you to automat‐
1709 ically instrument all @Timed, @Metered, and @ExceptionMetered-anno‐
1710 tated resource methods.
1711 · Moved all classes in metrics-scala from com.yammer.metrics to
1713 com.yammer.metrics.scala.
1714 · Renamed CounterMetric to Counter.
1716 · Renamed GaugeMetric to Gauge.
1718 · Renamed HistogramMetric to Histogram.
1720 · Renamed MeterMetric to Meter.
1722 · Renamed TimerMetric to Timer.
1724 · Added ToggleGauge, which returns 1 the first time it’s called and 0
1726 every time after that.
1727 · Now licensed under Apache License 2.0.
1729 · Converted VirtualMachineMetrics to a non-singleton class.
1731 · Removed Utils.
1733 · Removed deprecated constructors from Meter and Timer.
1735 · Removed LoggerMemoryLeakFix.
1737 · DeathRattleExceptionHandler now logs to SLF4J, not syserr.
1739 · Added MetricsRegistry#groupedMetrics().
1741 · Removed Metrics#allMetrics().
1743 · Removed Metrics#remove(MetricName).
1745 · Removed MetricsRegistry#threadPools() and #newMeterTickThreadPool()
1747 and added #newScheduledThreadPool.
1748 · Added MetricsRegistry#shutdown().
1750 · Renamed ThreadPools#shutdownThreadPools() to #shutdown().
1752 · Replaced HealthCheck’s abstract name method with a required construc‐
1754 tor parameter.
1755 · HealthCheck#check() is now protected.
1757 · Moved DeadlockHealthCheck from com.yammer.metrics.core to com.yam‐
1759 mer.metrics.utils.
1760 · Added HealthCheckRegistry#unregister(HealthCheck).
1762 · Fixed typo in VirtualMachineMetrics and MetricsServlet: commited to
1764 committed.
1765 · Changed MetricsRegistry#createName to protected.
1767 · All metric types are created exclusively through MetricsRegistry now.
1769 · Metrics.newJmxGauge and MetricsRegistry.newJmxGauge are deprecated.
1771 · Fixed heap metrics in VirtualMachineMetrics.
1773 · Added Snapshot, which calculates quantiles.
1775 · Renamed Percentiled to Sampling and dropped percentile and per‐
1777 centiles in favor of producing Snapshot instances. This affects both
1778 Histogram and Timer.
1779 · Renamed Summarized to Summarizable.
1781 · Changed order of CsvReporter’s construction parameters.
1783 · Renamed VirtualMachineMetrics.GarbageCollector to VirtualMachineMet‐
1785 rics.GarbageCollectorStats.
1786 · Moved Guice/Servlet support from metrics-servlet to metrics-guice.
1788 · Removed metrics-aop.
1790 · Removed newJmxGauge from both Metrics and MetricsRegistry. Just use
1792 JmxGauge.
1793 · Moved JmxGauge to com.yammer.metrics.util.
1795 · Moved MetricPredicate to com.yammer.metrics.core.
1797 · Moved NameThreadFactory into ThreadPools and made ThreadPools pack‐
1799 age-visible.
1800 · Removed Timer#values(), Histogram#values(), and Sample#values(). Use
1802 getSnapshot() instead.
1803 · Removed Timer#dump(File) and Histogram#dump(File), and Sam‐
1805 ple#dump(File). Use Snapshot#dump(File) instead.
1806 v2.0.0-BETA18: Dec 16 2011
1808 · Added DeathRattleExceptionHandler.
1809 · Fixed NPE in VirtualMachineMetrics.
1811 · Added decorators for connectors and thread pools in metrics-jetty.
1813 · Added TimerMetric#time() and TimerContext.
1815 · Added a shorter factory method for millisecond/second timers.
1817 · Switched tests to JUnit.
1819 · Improved logging in GangliaReporter.
1821 · Improved random number generation for UniformSample.
1823 · Added metrics-httpclient for instrumenting Apache HttpClient 4.1.
1825 · Massively overhauled the reporting code.
1827 · Added support for instrumented, non-public methods in metrics-guice.
1829 · Added @ExceptionMetered to metrics-guice.
1831 · Added group prefixes to GangliaReporter.
1833 · Added CvsReporter, which outputs metric values to .csv files.
1835 · Improved metric name sanitization in GangliaReporter.
1837 · Added Metrics.shutdown() and improved metrics lifecycle behavior.
1839 · Added metrics-web.
1841 · Upgraded to ehcache 2.5.0.
1843 · Many, many refactorings.
1845 · metrics-servlet now responds with 501 Not Implememented when no
1847 health checks have been registered.
1848 · Many internal refactorings for testability.
1850 · Added histogram counts to metrics-servlet.
1852 · Fixed a race condition in ExponentiallyDecayingSample.
1854 · Added timezone and locale support to ConsoleReporter.
1856 · Added metrics-aop for Guiceless support of method annotations.
1858 · Added metrics-jdbi which adds instrumentation to JDBI.
1860 · Fixed NPE for metrics which belong to classes in the default package.
1862 · Now deploying artifacts to Maven Central.
1864 v2.0.0-BETA17: Oct 07 2011
1866 · Added an option message to successful health check results.
1867 · Fixed locale issues in GraphiteReporter.
1869 · Added GangliaReporter.
1871 · Added per-HTTP method timers to InstrumentedHandler in metrics-jetty.
1873 · Fixed a thread pool leak for meters.
1875 · Added #dump(File) to HistogramMetric and TimerMetric.
1877 · Upgraded to Jackson 1.9.x.
1879 · Upgraded to slf4j 1.6.2.
1881 · Upgraded to logback 0.9.30.
1883 · Upgraded to ehcache 2.4.5.
1885 · Surfaced Metrics.removeMetric().
1887 v2.0.0-BETA16: Aug 23 2011
1889 · Fixed a bug in GC monitoring.
1890 v2.0.0-BETA15: Aug 15 2011
1892 · Fixed dependency scopes for metrics-jetty.
1893 · Added time and VM version to vm output of MetricsServlet.
1895 · Dropped com.sun.mangement-based GC instrumentation in favor of a
1897 java.lang.management-based one. getLastGcInfo has a nasty native mem‐
1898 ory leak in it, plus it often returned incorrect data.
1899 · Upgraded to Jackson 1.8.5.
1901 · Upgraded to Jetty 7.4.5.
1903 · Added sanitization for metric names in GraphiteReporter.
1905 · Extracted out a Clock interface for timers for non-wall-clock timing.
1907 · Extracted out most of the remaining statics into MetricsRegistry and
1909 HealthCheckRegistry.
1910 · Added an init parameter to MetricsServlet for disabling the jvm sec‐
1912 tion.
1913 · Added a Guice module for MetricsServlet.
1915 · Added dynamic metric names.
1917 · Upgraded to ehcache 2.4.5.
1919 · Upgraded to logback 0.9.29.
1921 · Allowed for the removal of metrics.
1923 · Added the ability to filter metrics exposed by a reporter to those
1925 which match a given predicate.
1926 v2.0.0-BETA14: Jul 05 2011
1928 · Moved to Maven for a build system and extracted the Scala façade to a
1929 metrics-scala module which is now the only cross-built module. All
1930 other modules dropped the Scala version suffix in their artifactId.
1931 · Fixed non-heap metric name in GraphiteReporter.
1933 · Fixed stability error in GraphiteReporter when dealing with unavail‐
1935 able servers.
1936 · Fixed error with anonymous, instrumented classes.
1938 · Fixed error in MetricsServlet when a gauge throws an exception.
1940 · Fixed error with bogus GC run times.
1942 · Link to the pretty JSON output from the MetricsServlet menu page.
1944 · Fixed potential race condition in histograms’ variance calculations.
1946 · Fixed memory pool reporting for the G1 collector.
1948 v2.0.0-BETA13: May 13 2011
1950 · Fixed a bug in the initial startup phase of the JmxReporter.
1951 · Added metrics-ehcache, for the instrumentation of Ehcache instances.
1953 · Fixed a typo in metrics-jetty’s InstrumentedHandler.
1955 · Added name prefixes to GraphiteReporter.
1957 · Added JVM metrics reporting to GraphiteReporter.
1959 · Actually fixed MetricsServlet’s links when the servlet has a non-root
1961 context path.
1962 · Now cross-building for Scala 2.9.0.
1964 · Added pretty query parameter for MetricsServlet to format the JSON
1966 object for human consumption.
1967 · Added no-cache headers to the MetricsServlet responses.
1969 v2.0.0-BETA12: May 09 2011
1971 · Upgraded to Jackson 1.7.6.
1972 · Added a new instrumented Log4J appender.
1974 · Added a new instrumented Logback appender. Thanks to Bruce Mitchener
1976 (@waywardmonkeys) for the patch.
1977 · Added a new reporter for the Graphite aggregation system. Thanks to
1979 Mahesh Tiyyagura (@tmahesh) for the patch.
1980 · Added scoped metric names.
1982 · Added Scala 2.9.0.RC{2,3,4} as build targets.
1984 · Added meters to Jetty handler for the percent of responses which have
1986 4xx or 5xx status codes.
1987 · Changed the Servlet API to be a provided dependency. Thanks to Mårten
1989 Gustafson (@chids) for the patch.
1990 · Separated project into modules:
1992 · metrics-core: A dependency-less project with all the core metrics.
1994 · metrics-graphite: A reporter for the [Graphite](‐
1996 http://graphite.wikidot.com) aggregation system.
1997 · metrics-guice: Guice AOP support.
1999 · metrics-jetty: An instrumented Jetty handler.
2001 · metrics-log4j: An instrumented Log4J appender.
2003 · metrics-logback: An instrumented Logback appender.
2005 · metrics-servlet: The Metrics servlet with context listener.
2007 v2.0.0-BETA11: Apr 27 2011
2009 · Added thread state and deadlock detection metrics.
2010 · Fix VirtualMachineMetrics’ initialization.
2012 · Context path fixes for the servlet.
2014 · Added the @Gauge annotation.
2016 · Big reworking of the exponentially-weighted moving average code for
2018 meters. Thanks to JD Maturen (@sku) and John Ewart (@johnewart) for
2019 pointing this out.
2020 · Upgraded to Guice 3.0.
2022 · Upgraded to Jackson 1.7.5.
2024 · Upgraded to Jetty 7.4.0.
2026 · Big rewrite of the servlet’s thread dump code.
2028 · Fixed race condition in ExponentiallyDecayingSample. Thanks to Martin
2030 Traverso (@martint) for the patch.
2031 · Lots of spelling fixes in Javadocs. Thanks to Bruce Mitchener (@way‐
2033 wardmonkeys) for the patch.
2034 · Added Scala 2.9.0.RC1 as a build target. Thanks to Bruce Mitchener
2036 (@waywardmonkeys) for the patch.
2037 · Patched a hilarious memory leak in java.util.logging.
2039 v2.0.0-BETA10: Mar 25 2011
2041 · Added Guice AOP annotations: @Timed and @Metered.
2042 · Added HealthCheck#name().
2044 · Added Metrics.newJmxGauge().
2046 · Moved health checks into HealthChecks.
2048 · Upgraded to Jackson 1.7.3 and Jetty 7.3.1.
2050 v2.0.0-BETA9: Mar 14 2011
2052 · Fixed JmxReporter lag.
2053 · Added default arguments to timers and meters.
2055 · Added default landing page to the servlet.
2057 · Improved the performance of ExponentiallyDecayingSample.
2059 · Fixed an integer overflow bug in UniformSample.
2061 · Added linear scaling to ExponentiallyDecayingSample.
2063 v2.0.0-BETA8: Mar 01 2011
2065 · Added histograms.
2066 · Added biased sampling for timers.
2068 · Added dumping of timer/histogram samples via the servlet.
2070 · Added dependency on jackon-mapper.
2072 · Added classname filtering for the servlet.
2074 · Added URI configuration for the servlet.
2076 v2.0.0-BETA7: Jan 12 2011
2078 · Added JettyHandler.
2079 · Made the Servlet dependency optional.
2081 v2.0.0-BETA6: Jan 12 2011
2083 · Fix JmxReporter initialization.
2084 v2.0.0-BETA5: Jan 11 2011
2086 · Dropped Counter#++ and Counter#--.
2087 · Added Timer#update.
2089 · Upgraded to Jackson 1.7.0.
2091 · Made JMX reporting implicit.
2093 · Added health checks.
2095 v2.0.0-BETA3: Dec 23 2010
2097 · Fixed thread names and some docs.
2098 v2.0.0-BETA2: Dec 22 2010
2100 · Fixed a memory leak in MeterMetric.
2101 v2.0.0-BETA1: Dec 22 2010
2103 · Total rewrite in Java.
2104 v1.0.7: Sep 21 2010
2106 · Added median to Timer.
2107 · Added p95 to Timer (95th percentile).
2109 · Added p98 to Timer (98th percentile).
2111 · Added p99 to Timer (99th percentile).
2113 v1.0.6: Jul 15 2010
2115 · Now compiled exclusively for 2.8.0 final.
2116 v1.0.5: Jun 01 2010
2118 · Documentation fix.
2119 · Added TimedToggle, which may or may not be useful at all.
2121 · Now cross-building for RC2 and RC3.
2123 v1.0.4: Apr 27 2010
2125 · Blank Timer instances (i.e., those which have recorded no timings
2126 yet) no longer explode when asked for metrics for that which does not
2127 yet exist.
2128 · Nested classes, companion objects, and singletons don’t have trailing
2130 $ characters messing up JMX’s good looks.
2131 v1.0.3: Apr 16 2010
2133 · Fixed some issues with the implicit.ly plumbing.
2134 · Tweaked the sample size for Timer, giving it 99.9% confidence level
2136 with a %5 margin of error (for a normally distributed variable, which
2137 it almost certainly isn’t.)
2138 · Sample#iterator returns only the recorded data, not a bunch of zeros.
2140 · Moved units of Timer, Meter, and LoadMeter to their own attributes,
2142 which allows for easy export of Metrics data via JMX to things like
2143 Ganglia or whatever.
2144 v1.0.2: Mar 08 2010
2146 · Timer now uses Welford’s algorithm for calculating running variance,
2147 which means no more hilariously wrong standard deviations (e.g.,
2148 NaN).
2149 · Timer now supports +=(Long) for pre-recorded, nanosecond-precision
2151 timings.
2152 v1.0.1: Mar 05 2010
2154 · changed Sample to use an AtomicReferenceArray
2155 v1.0.0: Feb 27 2010
2157 · Initial release
2158
2160 Coda Hale
2161
2163 2010-2014, Coda Hale, Yammer Inc.
21643.1 Jul 14, 2018 METRICS(1)