1criticism(3) User Contributed Perl Documentation criticism(3)
2
6 criticism - Perl pragma to enforce coding standards and best-practices
7
9 use criticism;
10 use criticism 'gentle';
12 use criticism 'stern';
13 use criticism 'harsh';
14 use criticism 'cruel';
15 use criticism 'brutal';
16 use criticism ( -profile => '/foo/bar/perlcriticrc' );
18 use criticism ( -severity => 3, -verbose => '%m at %f line %l' );
19
21 This pragma enforces coding standards and promotes best-practices by
22 running your file through Perl::Critic before every execution. In a
23 production system, this usually isn't feasible because it adds a lot of
24 overhead at start-up. If you have a separate development environment,
25 you can effectively bypass the "criticism" pragma by not installing
26 Perl::Critic in the production environment. If Perl::Critic can't be
27 loaded, then "criticism" just fails silently.
28 Alternatively, the "perlcritic" command-line (which is distributed with
30 Perl::Critic) can be used to analyze your files on-demand and has some
31 additional configuration features. And Test::Perl::Critic provides a
32 nice interface for analyzing files during the build process.
33 If you'd like to try Perl::Critic without installing anything, there is
35 a web-service available at <http://perlcritic.com>. The web-service
36 does not yet support all the configuration features that are available
37 in the native Perl::Critic API, but it should give you a good idea of
38 what it does. You can also invoke the perlcritic web-service from the
39 command line by doing an HTTP-post, such as one of these:
40 $> POST http://perlcritic.com/perl/critic.pl < MyModule.pm
42 $> lwp-request -m POST http://perlcritic.com/perl/critic.pl < MyModule.pm
43 $> wget -q -O - --post-file=MyModule.pm http://perlcritic.com/perl/critic.pl
44 Please note that the perlcritic web-service is still alpha code. The
46 URL and interface to the service are subject to change.
47
49 If there is exactly one import argument, then it is taken to be a named
50 equivalent to one of the numeric severity levels supported by
51 Perl::Critic. For example, "use criticism 'gentle';" is equivalent to
52 setting the "-severity => 5", which reports only the most dangerous
53 violations. On the other hand, "use criticism 'brutal';" is like
54 setting the "-severity => 1", which reports every violation. If there
55 are no import arguments, then it defaults to 'gentle'.
56 If there is more than one import argument, then they will all be passed
58 directly into the Perl::Critic constructor. So you can use whatever
59 arguments are supported by Perl::Critic.
60 The "criticism" pragma will also obey whatever configurations you have
62 set in your .perlcriticrc file. In particular, setting the
63 "criticism-fatal" option to a true value will cause your program to
64 immediately "die" if any Perl::Critic violations are found. Otherwise,
65 violations are merely advisory. This option can be set in the global
66 section at the top of your .perlcriticrc file, like this:
67 # Top of your .perlcriticrc file...
69 criticism-fatal = 1
70 # per-policy configurations follow...
72 You can also pass "('-criticism-fatal' => 1)" as import arguments, just
74 like any other Perl::Critic argument. See "CONFIGURATION" in
75 Perl::Critic for details on the other configuration options.
76
78 Usually, the "criticism" pragma fails silently if it cannot load
79 Perl::Critic. So by not installing Perl::Critic in your production
80 environment, you can leave the "criticism" pragma in your production
81 source code and it will still compile, but it won't be analyzed by
82 Perl::Critic each time it runs.
83 However, if you set the "DEBUG" environment variable to a true value or
85 run your program under the Perl debugger, you will get a warning when
86 "criticism" fails to load Perl::Critic.
87
89 The "criticism" pragma applies to the entire file, so it is not
90 affected by scope or package boundaries and "use"-ing it multiple times
91 will just cause it to repeatedly process the same file. There isn't a
92 reciprocal "no criticism" pragma. However, Perl::Critic does support a
93 pseudo-pragma that directs it to overlook certain lines or blocks of
94 code. See "BENDING THE RULES" in Perl::Critic for more details.
95
97 Jeffrey Ryan Thalhammer <thaljef@cpan.org>
98
100 Copyright (c) 2006-2007 Jeffrey Ryan Thalhammer. All rights reserved.
101 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
103 under the same terms as Perl itself. The full text of this license can
104 be found in the LICENSE file included with this module.
105perl v5.28.0 2008-07-27 criticism(3)