1DDRESCUE(1)                      User Commands                     DDRESCUE(1)
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NAME

6       ddrescue - data recovery tool
7

SYNOPSIS

9       ddrescue [options] infile outfile [mapfile]
10

DESCRIPTION

12       GNU  ddrescue - Data recovery tool.  Copies data from one file or block
13       device to another, trying to rescue the good parts  first  in  case  of
14       read errors.
15
16       Always  use a mapfile unless you know you won't need it. Without a map‐
17       file, ddrescue can't resume a rescue, only  reinitiate  it.   NOTE:  In
18       versions  of  ddrescue  prior to 1.20 the mapfile was called 'logfile'.
19       The format is the same; only the name has changed.
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21       If you reboot, check  the  device  names  before  restarting  ddrescue.
22       Don't use options '-F' or '-G' without reading the manual first.
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OPTIONS

25       -h, --help
26              display this help and exit
27
28       -V, --version
29              output version information and exit
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31       -a, --min-read-rate=<bytes>
32              minimum read rate of good areas in bytes/s
33
34       -A, --try-again
35              mark non-trimmed, non-scraped as non-tried
36
37       -b, --sector-size=<bytes>
38              sector size of input device [default 512]
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40       -B, --binary-prefixes
41              show binary multipliers in numbers [SI]
42
43       -c, --cluster-size=<sectors>
44              sectors to copy at a time [128]
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46       -C, --complete-only
47              don't read new data beyond mapfile limits
48
49       -d, --idirect
50              use direct disc access for input file
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52       -D, --odirect
53              use direct disc access for output file
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55       -e, --max-bad-areas=[+]<n>
56              maximum number of [new] bad areas allowed
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58       -E, --max-error-rate=<bytes>
59              maximum allowed rate of read errors per second
60
61       -f, --force
62              overwrite output device or partition
63
64       -F, --fill-mode=<types>
65              fill blocks of given types with data (?*/-+l)
66
67       -G, --generate-mode
68              generate approximate mapfile from partial copy
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70       -H, --test-mode=<file>
71              set map of good/bad blocks from given mapfile
72
73       -i, --input-position=<bytes>
74              starting position of domain in input file [0]
75
76       -I, --verify-input-size
77              verify input file size with size in mapfile
78
79       -J, --verify-on-error
80              reread latest good sector after every error
81
82       -K, --skip-size=[<i>][,<max>]
83              initial,maximum size to skip on read error
84
85       -L, --loose-domain
86              accept an incomplete domain mapfile
87
88       -m, --domain-mapfile=<file>
89              restrict domain to finished blocks in <file>
90
91       -M, --retrim
92              mark all failed blocks as non-trimmed
93
94       -n, --no-scrape
95              skip the scraping phase
96
97       -N, --no-trim
98              skip the trimming phase
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100       -o, --output-position=<bytes>
101              starting position in output file [ipos]
102
103       -O, --reopen-on-error
104              reopen input file after every read error
105
106       -p, --preallocate
107              preallocate space on disc for output file
108
109       -P, --data-preview[=<lines>]
110              show some lines of the latest data read [3]
111
112       -q, --quiet
113              suppress all messages
114
115       -r, --retry-passes=<n>
116              exit after <n> retry passes (-1=infinity) [0]
117
118       -R, --reverse
119              reverse the direction of all passes
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121       -s, --size=<bytes>
122              maximum size of input data to be copied
123
124       -S, --sparse
125              use sparse writes for output file
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127       -t, --truncate
128              truncate output file to zero size
129
130       -T, --timeout=<interval>
131              maximum time since last successful read
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133       -u, --unidirectional
134              run all passes in the same direction
135
136       -v, --verbose
137              be verbose (a 2nd -v gives more)
138
139       -w, --ignore-write-errors
140              make fill mode ignore write errors
141
142       -x, --extend-outfile=<bytes>
143              extend outfile size to be at least this long
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145       -X, --max-read-errors=<n>
146              maximum number of read errors allowed
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148       -y, --synchronous
149              use synchronous writes for output file
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151       -Z, --max-read-rate=<bytes>
152              maximum read rate in bytes/s
153
154       --ask  ask for confirmation before starting the copy
155
156       --cpass=<n>[,<n>]
157              select what copying pass(es) to run
158
159       --delay-slow=<interval>
160              initial delay before checking slow reads [30]
161
162       --log-events=<file>
163              log significant events in <file>
164
165       --log-rates=<file>
166              log rates and error sizes in <file>
167
168       --log-reads=<file>
169              log all read operations in <file>
170
171       --mapfile-interval=[i][,i]
172              save/sync mapfile at given interval [auto]
173
174       --max-slow-reads=<n>
175              maximum number of slow reads allowed
176
177       --pause-on-error=<interval>
178              time to wait after each read error [0]
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180       --pause-on-pass=<interval>
181              time to wait between passes [0]
182
183       --reset-slow
184              reset slow reads if rate rises above min
185
186       --same-file
187              allow infile and outfile to be the same file
188
189       Numbers may be in decimal, hexadecimal or octal, and may be followed by
190       a multiplier: s = sectors, k = 1000, Ki = 1024, M = 10^6,  Mi  =  2^20,
191       etc...  Time intervals have the format 1[.5][smhd] or 1/2[smhd].
192
193       Exit  status:  0  for a normal exit, 1 for environmental problems (file
194       not found, invalid flags, I/O errors, etc), 2 to indicate a corrupt  or
195       invalid input file, 3 for an internal consistency error (eg, bug) which
196       caused ddrescue to panic.
197

REPORTING BUGS

199       Report bugs to bug-ddrescue@gnu.org
200       Ddrescue home page: http://www.gnu.org/software/ddrescue/ddrescue.html
201       General help using GNU software: http://www.gnu.org/gethelp
202
204       Copyright © 2018 Antonio Diaz Diaz.  License GPLv2+: GNU GPL version  2
205       or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
206       This  is  free  software:  you  are free to change and redistribute it.
207       There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
208

SEE ALSO

210       The full documentation for ddrescue is maintained as a Texinfo  manual.
211       If  the info and ddrescue programs are properly installed at your site,
212       the command
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214              info ddrescue
215
216       should give you access to the complete manual.
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220ddrescue 1.23                    February 2018                     DDRESCUE(1)
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