1AUTO.MASTER(5) File Formats Manual AUTO.MASTER(5)
2
6 auto.master - Master Map for automounter consulted by autofs
7
9 The auto.master map is consulted to set up automount managed mount
10 points when the autofs(8) script is invoked or the automount(8) program
11 is run. Each line describes a mount point and refers to an autofs map
12 describing file systems to be mounted under the mount point.
13 The default location of the master map is /etc/auto.master but an al‐
15 ternate name may be given on the command line when running the auto‐
16 mounter and the default master map may changed by setting the
17 MASTER_MAP_NAME configuration variable in /etc/sysconfig/autofs. If
18 the master map name has no path then the system Name Service Switch
19 configuration will be consulted and each of the sources searched in
20 line with the rules given in the Name Service Switch configuration.
21 Access to mounts in maps is governed by a key.
23 For direct maps the mount point is always specified as:
25 /-
27 and the key used within the direct map is the full path to the mount
29 point. The direct map may have multiple entries in the master map.
30 For indirect maps access is by using the path scheme:
32 /mount-point/key
34 where mount-point is one of the entries listed in the master map. The
36 key is a single directory component and is matched against entries in
37 the map given in the entry (See autofs(5)).
38 Additionally, a map may be included from its source as if it were it‐
40 self present in the master map by including a line of the form:
41 +[maptype[,format]:]map [options]
43 and automount(8) will process the map according to the specification
45 described below for map entries. Indirect map entries must be unique in
46 the master map so second and subsequent entries for an indirect mount
47 point are ignored by automount(8).
48 NOTE: autofs currently does not collapse multiple slashes in paths, so
50 it is important to ensure paths used in maps are correct. If un‐
51 necessary multiple slashes are present in a path it can lead to
52 unexpected failures such as an inability to expire automounts.
53 An exception to this is a trailing slash at the end of the auto‐
54 mount point path in the master map which will be removed if
55 present.
56
58 Master map entries have three fields separated by an arbitrary number
59 of spaces or tabs. Lines beginning with # are comments. The first field
60 is the mount point described above and the second field is the name of
61 the map to be consulted for the mount point followed by the third field
62 which contains options to be applied to all entries in the map.
63 The format of a master map entry is:
65 mount-point [map-type[,format]:]map [options]
67 mount-point
69 Base location for the autofs filesystem to be mounted. For in‐
70 direct maps this directory will be created (as with mkdir -p)
71 and is removed when the autofs filesystem is umounted.
72 map-type
74 Type of map used for this mount point. The following are valid
75 map types:
76 file The map is a regular text file.
78 program
80 The map is an executable program, which is passed a key
81 on the command line and returns an entry (everything be‐
82 sides the key) on stdout if successful. Optinally, the
83 keyword exec may be used as a synonym for program to
84 avoid confusion with amd formated maps mount type pro‐
85 gram.
86 yp The map is a NIS (YP) database.
88 nisplus
90 The map is a NIS+ database.
91 hesiod The map is a hesiod database whose filsys entries are
93 used for maps.
94 ldap or ldaps
96 The map is stored in an LDAP directory. If ldaps is used
97 the appropriate certificate must be configured in the
98 LDAP client.
99 multi This map type allows the specification of multiple maps
101 separated by "--". These maps are searched in order to
102 resolve key lookups.
103 dir This map type can be used at + master map including nota‐
105 tion. The contents of files under given directory are in‐
106 cluded to the master map. The name of file to be included
107 must be ended with ".autofs". A file will be ignored if
108 its name is not ended with the suffix. In addition a dot
109 file, a file which name is started with "." is also ig‐
110 nored.
111 format
113 Format of the map data; currently the formats recognized are
114 sun, which is a subset of the Sun automounter map format, hes‐
115 iod, for hesiod filesys entries and amd for amd formated map en‐
116 tries. If the format is left unspecified, it defaults to sun
117 for all map types except hesiod unless it is a top level amd
118 mount that has a configuration entry for the mount point path,
119 in which case the format used is amd.
120 map
122 Name of the map to use. This is an absolute UNIX pathname for
123 maps of types file, dir, or program, and the name of a database
124 in the case for maps of type yp, nisplus, or hesiod or the dn of
125 an LDAP entry for maps of type ldap.
126 options
128 Any remaining command line arguments without leading dashes (-)
129 are taken as options (-o) to mount. Arguments with leading
130 dashes are considered options for the maps and are passed to au‐
131 tomount (8).
132 The sun format supports the following options:
134 -Dvariable=value
136 Replace variable with value in map substitutions.
137 -strict
139 Treat errors when mounting file systems as fatal. This is
140 important when multiple file systems should be mounted
141 (`multimounts'). If this option is given, no file system
142 is mounted at all if at least one file system can't be
143 mounted.
144 [no]browse
146 This is an autofs specific option that is a pseudo mount
147 option and so is given without a leading dash. Use of the
148 browse option pre-creates mount point directories for in‐
149 direct mount maps so the map keys can be seen in a direc‐
150 tory listing without being mounted. Use of this option
151 can cause performance problem if the indirect map is
152 large so it should be used with caution. The internal
153 program default is to enable browse mode for indirect
154 mounts but the default installed configuration overrides
155 this by setting BROWSE_MODE to "no" because of the poten‐
156 tial performance problem. This option does the same as
157 the deprecated --ghost option, the browse option is pre‐
158 ferred because it is used by other autofs implementa‐
159 tions.
160 nobind This is an autofs specific option that is a pseudo mount
162 option and so is given without a leading dash. It may be
163 used either in the master map entry (so it effects all
164 the map entries) or with individual map entries to pre‐
165 vent bind mounting of local NFS filesystems. For direct
166 mount maps the option is only effective if specified on
167 the first direct map entry and is applied to all direct
168 mount maps in the master map. It is ignored if given on
169 subsequent direct map entries. It may be used on individ‐
170 ual map entries of both types. Preventing bind mounts of
171 NFS file systems can no longer be done by using the
172 "port=" option, the nobind option must be used instead.
173 symlink
175 This option makes bind mounting use a symlink instead of
176 an actual bind mount. It is an autofs specific option
177 that is a pseudo mount option and so is given without a
178 leading dash. It may be used with indirect map entries
179 only, either in the master map (so it effects all map en‐
180 tries) or with individual map entries. The option is ig‐
181 nored for direct mounts and non-root offest mount en‐
182 tries.
183 strictexpire
185 Use a strict expire policy for this automount. Using this
186 option means that last use of autofs directory entries
187 will not be updated during path walks so that mounts in
188 an automount won't be kept mounted by applications scan‐
189 ning the mount tree. Note that this doesn't completely
190 resolve the problem of expired automounts being immedi‐
191 ately re-mounted due to application accesses triggered by
192 the expire itself.
193 slave or private
195 This option allows mount propagation of bind mounts to be
196 set to either slave or private. This option may be needed
197 when using multi-mounts that have bind mounts that bind
198 to a file system that is propagation shared. This is be‐
199 cuase the bind mount will have the same properties as its
200 target which causes problems for offset mounts. When this
201 happens an unwanted offset mount is propagated back to
202 the target file system resulting in a deadlock when at‐
203 tempting to access the offset. This option is a an aut‐
204 ofs pseudo mount option that can be used in the master
205 map only. By default bind mounts will inherit the mount
206 propagation of the target file system.
207 -r, --random-multimount-selection
209 Enables the use of random selection when choosing a host
210 from a list of replicated servers. This option is applied
211 to this mount only, overriding the global setting that
212 may be specified on the command line.
213 -w, --use-weight-only
215 Use only specified weights for server selection where
216 more than one server is specified in the map entry. If no
217 server weights are given then each available server will
218 be tried in the order listed, within proximity.
219 -t, --timeout <seconds>
221 Set the expire timeout for map entries. This option can
222 be used to override the global default given either on
223 the command line or in the configuration.
224 -n, --negative-timeout <seconds>
226 Set the timeout for caching failed key lookups. This op‐
227 tion can be used to override the global default given ei‐
228 ther on the command line or in the configuration.
229 --mode <octal_mode>
231 Set the directory mode for the base location of the aut‐
232 ofs mount point. If this option is given, autofs will
233 chmod that directory with this mode.
234
236 If "-hosts" is given as the map then accessing a key under the mount
237 point which corresponds to a hostname will allow access to the exports
238 of that host. The hosts map cannot be dynamically updated and requires
239 a HUP signal to be sent to the daemon for it to check hosts for an up‐
240 date. Due to possible hierarchic dependencies within a mount tree, it
241 might not be completely updated during the HUP signal processing.
242 For example, with an entry in the master map of /net -hosts accessing
244 /net/myserver will mount exports from myserver on directories below
245 /net/myserver.
246 NOTE: mounts done from a hosts map will be mounted with the "no‐
248 suid,nodev,intr" options unless overridden by explicily specifying the
249 "suid", "dev" or "nointr" options in the master map entry.
250
252 If the map type ldap is specified the mapname is of the form [//server‐
253 name/]dn, where the optional servername is the name of the LDAP server
254 to query, and dn is the Distinguished Name of a subtree to search for
255 map entries. The old style ldap:servername:mapname is also understood.
256 Alternatively, the type can be obtained from the Name Service Switch
257 configuration, in which case the map name alone must be given.
258 If no schema is set in the autofs configuration then autofs will check
260 each of the commonly used schema for a valid entry and if one is found
261 it will used for subsequent lookups.
262 There are three common schemas in use:
264 nisMap
266 Entries in the nisMap schema are nisObject objects in the speci‐
267 fied subtree, where the cn attribute is the key (the wildcard
268 key is "/"), and the nisMapEntry attribute contains the informa‐
269 tion used by the automounter.
270 automountMap
272 The automountMap schema has two variations that differ in the
273 attribute used for the map key. Entries in the automountMap
274 schema are automount objects in the specified subtree, where the
275 cn or automountKey attribute (depending on local usage) is the
276 key (the wildcard key is "/"), and the automountInformation at‐
277 tribute contains the information used by the automounter. Note
278 that the cn attribute is case insensitive.
279 The object classes and attributes used for accessing automount maps in
281 LDAP can be changed by setting entries in the autofs configuration lo‐
282 cated in /etc/sysconfig/autofs.conf.
283 NOTE: If a schema is given in the configuration then all the schema
285 configuration values must be set, any partial schema specifica‐
286 tion will be ignored.
287 For amd format maps a different schema is used:
289 amdMap
291 The amdmap schema contains attributes amdmapName, amdmapKey and
292 amdmapValue where amdmapName contains the name of the containing
293 map, amdmapKey contains the map key and amdmapValue contains the
294 map entry.
295
297 LDAP authenticated binds, TLS encrypted connections and certification
298 may be used by setting appropriate values in the autofs authentication
299 configuration file and configuring the LDAP client with appropriate
300 settings. The default location of this file is
301 /etc/autofs_ldap_auth.conf.
302 If this file exists it will be used to establish whether TLS or authen‐
304 tication should be used.
305 An example of this file is:
307 <?xml version="1.0" ?>
309 <autofs_ldap_sasl_conf
310 usetls="yes"
311 tlsrequired="no"
312 authrequired="no"
313 authtype="DIGEST-MD5"
314 user="xyz"
315 secret="abc"
316 />
317 If TLS encryption is to be used the location of the Certificate Author‐
319 ity certificate must be set within the LDAP client configuration in or‐
320 der to validate the server certificate. If, in addition, a certified
321 connection is to be used then the client certificate and private key
322 file locations must also be configured within the LDAP client.
323 In OpenLDAP these may be configured in the ldap.conf file or in the
325 per-user configuration. For example it may be sensible to use the sys‐
326 tem wide configuration for the location of the Certificate Authority
327 certificate and set the location of the client certificate and private
328 key in the per-user configuration. The location of these files and the
329 configuration entry requirements is system dependent so the documenta‐
330 tion for your installation will need to be consulted to get further in‐
331 formation.
332 See autofs_ldap_auth.conf (5) for more information.
334
336 /- auto.data
337 /home /etc/auto.home
338 /mnt yp:mnt.map
339 This will generate two mountpoints for /home and /mnt and install di‐
341 rect mount triggers for each entry in the direct mount map auto.data.
342 All accesses to /home will lead to the consultation of the map in
343 /etc/auto.home and all accesses to /mnt will consult the NIS map
344 mnt.map. All accesses to paths in the map auto.data will trigger
345 mounts when they are accessed and the Name Service Switch configuration
346 will be used to locate the source of the map auto.data.
347
349 automount(8), autofs(5), autofs(8), autofs.conf(5), aut‐
350 ofs_ldap_auth.conf(5).
351
353 This manual page was written by Christoph Lameter <chris@waterf.org>,
354 for the Debian GNU/Linux system. Edited by <hpa@transmeta.com> and Ian
355 Kent <raven@themaw.net> .
356 11 Apr 2006 AUTO.MASTER(5)