1SPAMD(1) User Contributed Perl Documentation SPAMD(1)
2
6 spamd - daemonized version of spamassassin
7
9 spamd [options]
10 Options:
12 -l, --allow-tell Allow learning/reporting
14 -c, --create-prefs Create user preferences files
15 -C path, --configpath=path Path for default config files
16 --siteconfigpath=path Path for site configs
17 --cf='config line' Additional line of configuration
18 -d, --daemonize Daemonize
19 -h, --help Print usage message
20 -i [ip_or_name[:port]], --listen=[ip_or_name[:port]] Listen on IP addr and port
21 -p port, --port=port Listen on specified port, may be overridden by -i
22 -4, --ipv4-only, --ipv4 Use IPv4 where applicable, disables IPv6
23 -6 Use IPv6 where applicable, disables IPv4
24 -A host,..., --allowed-ips=..,.. Restrict to IP addresses which can connect
25 -m num, --max-children=num Allow maximum num children
26 --min-children=num Allow minimum num children
27 --min-spare=num Lower limit for number of spare children
28 --max-spare=num Upper limit for number of spare children
29 --max-conn-per-child=num Maximum connections accepted by child
30 before it is respawned
31 --round-robin Use traditional prefork algorithm
32 --timeout-tcp=secs Connection timeout for client headers
33 --timeout-child=secs Connection timeout for message checks
34 -q, --sql-config Enable SQL config (needs -x)
35 -Q, --setuid-with-sql Enable SQL config (needs -x,
36 enables use of -H)
37 --ldap-config Enable LDAP config (needs -x)
38 --setuid-with-ldap Enable LDAP config (needs -x,
39 enables use of -H)
40 --virtual-config-dir=dir Enable pattern based Virtual configs
41 (needs -x)
42 -r pidfile, --pidfile Write the process id to pidfile
43 -s facility, --syslog=facility Specify the syslog facility
44 --syslog-socket=type How to connect to syslogd
45 --log-timestamp-fmt=fmt strftime(3) format for timestamps, may be
46 empty to disable timestamps, or 'default'
47 -u username, --username=username Run as username
48 -g groupname, --groupname=groupname Run as groupname
49 -v, --vpopmail Enable vpopmail config
50 -x, --nouser-config Disable user config files
51 --auth-ident Use ident to identify spamc user (deprecated)
52 --ident-timeout=timeout Timeout for ident connections
53 -D, --debug[=areas] Print debugging messages (for areas)
54 -L, --local Use local tests only (no DNS)
55 -P, --paranoid Die upon user errors
56 -H [dir], --helper-home-dir[=dir] Specify a different HOME directory
57 --ssl Enable SSL on TCP connections
58 --ssl-port port Override --port setting for SSL connections
59 --server-key keyfile Specify an SSL keyfile
60 --server-cert certfile Specify an SSL certificate
61 --socketpath=path Listen on a given UNIX domain socket
62 --socketowner=name Set UNIX domain socket file's owner
63 --socketgroup=name Set UNIX domain socket file's group
64 --socketmode=mode Set UNIX domain socket file's mode
65 --timing Enable timing and logging
66 -V, --version Print version and exit
67 The --listen option (or -i) may be specified multiple times, its syntax
69 is: [ ssl: ] [ host-name-or-IP-address ] [ : port ] or an absolute
70 path (filename) of a Unix socket. If port is omitted it defaults to
71 --port or to 783. Option --ssl implies a prefix 'ssl:'. An IPv6
72 address should be enclosed in square brackets, e.g. [::1]:783, an IPv4
73 address may be but need not be enclosed in square brackets. An
74 asterisk '*' in place of a hostname implies an unspecified address,
75 ('0.0.0.0' or '::'), i.e. it binds to all interfaces. An empty option
76 value implies '*'. A default is '--listen localhost', which binds to a
77 loopback interface only.
78
80 The purpose of this program is to provide a daemonized version of the
81 spamassassin executable. The goal is improving throughput performance
82 for automated mail checking.
83 This is intended to be used alongside "spamc", a fast, low-overhead C
85 client program.
86 See the README file in the "spamd" directory of the SpamAssassin
88 distribution for more details.
89 Note: Although "spamd" will check per-user config files for every
91 message, any changes to the system-wide config files will require
92 either restarting spamd or forcing it to reload itself via SIGHUP for
93 the changes to take effect.
94 Note: If "spamd" receives a SIGHUP, it internally reloads itself, which
96 means that it will change its pid and might not restart at all if its
97 environment changed (ie. if it can't change back into its own
98 directory). If you plan to use SIGHUP, you should always start "spamd"
99 with the -r switch to know its current pid.
100
102 Options of the long form can be shortened as long as they remain
103 unambiguous. (i.e. --dae can be used instead of --daemonize) Also,
104 boolean options (like --user-config) can be negated by adding no
105 (--nouser-config), however, this is usually unnecessary.
106 -l, --allow-tell
108 Allow learning and forgetting (to a local Bayes database),
109 reporting and revoking (to a remote database) by spamd. The client
110 issues a TELL command to tell what type of message is being
111 processed and whether local (learn/forget) or remote
112 (report/revoke) databases should be updated.
113 Note that spamd always trusts the username passed in (unless
115 --auth-ident is used) so clients could maliciously learn messages
116 for other users. (This is not ususally a concern with an SQL Bayes
117 store as users will typically have read-write access directly to
118 the database, and can also use "sa-learn" with the -u option to
119 achieve the same result.)
120 -c, --create-prefs
122 Create user preferences files if they don't exist (default: don't).
123 -C path, --configpath=path
125 Use the specified path for locating the distributed configuration
126 files. Ignore the default directories (usually
127 "/usr/share/spamassassin" or similar).
128 --siteconfigpath=path
130 Use the specified path for locating site-specific configuration
131 files. Ignore the default directories (usually
132 "/etc/mail/spamassassin" or similar).
133 --cf='config line'
135 Add additional lines of configuration directly from the command-
136 line, parsed after the configuration files are read. Multiple
137 --cf arguments can be used, and each will be considered a separate
138 line of configuration.
139 -d, --daemonize
141 Detach from starting process and run in background (daemonize).
142 -h, --help
144 Print a brief help message, then exit without further action.
145 -V, --version
147 Print version information, then exit without further action.
148 -i [ipaddress[:<port>]], --listen[=ipaddress[:<port>]]
150 Additional alias names for this option are --listen-ip and
151 --ip-address. Tells spamd to listen on the specified IP address,
152 defaults to a loopback interface, i.e. "--listen localhost"). If
153 no value is specified after the switch, or if an asterisk '*'
154 stands in place of an <ipaddress>, spamd will listen on all
155 interfaces - this is equivalent to address '0.0.0.0' for IPv4 and
156 to '::' for IPv6. You can also use a valid hostname which will make
157 spamd listen on all addresses that a name resolves to. The option
158 may be specified multiple times. See also options -4 and -6 for
159 restricting address family to IPv4 or to IPv6. If a port is
160 specified it overrides for this socket the global --port (and
161 --ssl-port) setting. An IPv6 addresses should be enclosed in square
162 brackets, e.g. [::1]:783. For compatibility square brackets on an
163 IPv6 address may be omitted if a port number specification is also
164 omitted.
165 -p port, --port=port
167 Optionally specifies the port number for the server to listen on
168 (default: 783).
169 If the --ssl switch is used, and --ssl-port is not supplied, then
171 this port will be used to accept SSL connections instead of
172 unencrypted connections. If the --ssl switch is used, and
173 --ssl-port is set, then unencrypted connections will be accepted on
174 the --port at the same time as encrypted connections are accepted
175 at --ssl-port.
176 -q, --sql-config
178 Turn on SQL lookups even when per-user config files have been
179 disabled with -x. this is useful for spamd hosts which don't have
180 user's home directories but do want to load user preferences from
181 an SQL database.
182 If your spamc client does not support sending the "User:" header,
184 like "exiscan", then the SQL username used will always be nobody.
185 This inhibits the setuid() behavior, so the "-u" option is
187 required. If you want the setuid() behaviour, use "-Q" or
188 "--setuid-with-sql" instead.
189 --ldap-config
191 Turn on LDAP lookups. This is completely analog to "--sql-config",
192 only it is using an LDAP server.
193 Like "--sql-config", this disables the setuid behavior, and
195 requires "-u". If you want it, use "--setuid-with-ldap" instead.
196 -Q, --setuid-with-sql
198 Turn on SQL lookups even when per-user config files have been
199 disabled with -x and also setuid to the user. This is useful for
200 spamd hosts which want to load user preferences from an SQL
201 database but also wish to support the use of -H (Helper home
202 directories.)
203 --setuid-with-ldap
205 Turn on LDAP lookups even when per-user config files have been
206 disabled with -x and also setuid to the user. This is again
207 completely analog to "--setuid-with-sql", only it is using an LDAP
208 server.
209 --virtual-config-dir=pattern
211 This option specifies where per-user preferences can be found for
212 virtual users, for the -x switch. The pattern is used as a base
213 pattern for the directory name. Any of the following escapes can
214 be used:
215 %u -- replaced with the full name of the current user, as sent by
217 spamc.
218 %l -- replaced with the 'local part' of the current username. In
219 other words, if the username is an email address, this is the part
220 before the "@" sign.
221 %d -- replaced with the 'domain' of the current username. In other
222 words, if the username is an email address, this is the part after
223 the "@" sign.
224 %x -- replaced with the full name of the current user, as sent by
225 spamc. If the resulting config directory does not exist, replace
226 with the domain part to use a domain-wide default.
227 %% -- replaced with a single percent sign (%).
228 So for example, if "/vhome/users/%u/spamassassin" is specified, and
230 spamc sends a virtual username of "jm@example.com", the directory
231 "/vhome/users/jm@example.com/spamassassin" will be used.
232 The set of characters allowed in the virtual username for this path
234 are restricted to:
235 A-Z a-z 0-9 - + _ . , @ =
237 All others will be replaced by underscores ("_").
239 This path must be a writable directory. It will be created if it
241 does not already exist. If a file called user_prefs exists in this
242 directory (note: not in a ".spamassassin" subdirectory!), it will
243 be loaded as the user's preferences. The Bayes databases for that
244 user will be stored in this directory.
245 Note that this requires that -x is used, and cannot be combined
247 with SQL- or LDAP-based configuration.
248 The pattern must expand to an absolute directory when spamd is
250 running daemonized (-d).
251 Currently, use of this without -u is not supported. This inhibits
253 setuid.
254 -r pidfile, --pidfile=pidfile
256 Write the process ID of the spamd parent to the file specified by
257 pidfile. The file will be unlinked when the parent exits. Note
258 that when running with the -u option, the file must be writable by
259 that user.
260 -v, --vpopmail
262 Enable vpopmail config. If specified with with -u set to the
263 vpopmail user, this allows spamd to lookup/create user_prefs in the
264 vpopmail user's own maildir. This option is useful for vpopmail
265 virtual users who do not have an entry in the system /etc/passwd
266 file.
267 Currently, use of this without -u is not supported. This inhibits
269 setuid.
270 -s facility, --syslog=facility
272 Specify the syslog facility to use (default: mail). If "stderr" is
273 specified, output will be written to stderr. (This is useful if
274 you're running "spamd" under the "daemontools" package.) With a
275 facility of "file", all output goes to spamd.log. facility is
276 interpreted as a file name to log to if it contains any characters
277 except a-z and 0-9. "null" disables logging completely (used
278 internally).
279 Examples: spamd -s mail # use syslog, facility
281 mail (default) spamd -s ./mail # log to file
282 ./mail spamd -s stderr 2>/dev/null # log to stderr, throw
283 messages away spamd -s null # the same as
284 above spamd -s file # log to file ./spamd.log
285 spamd -s /var/log/spamd.log # log to file /var/log/spamd.log
286 If logging to a file is enabled and that log file is rotated, the
288 spamd server must be restarted with a SIGHUP. (If the log file is
289 just truncated, this is not needed but still recommended.)
290 Note that logging to a file does not use locking, so you cannot
292 intermix logging from spamd and other processes into the same file.
293 If you want to mix logging like this, use syslog instead.
294 If you use syslog logging, it is essential to send a SIGHUP to the
296 spamd daemon when you restart the syslogd daemon. (This is due to
297 a shortcoming in Perl's syslog handling, where the disappearance of
298 the connection to the syslogd is considered a fatal error.)
299 --syslog-socket=type
301 Specify how spamd should send messages to syslogd. The type can be
302 any of the socket types or logging mechanisms as accepted by the
303 subroutine Sys::Syslog::setlogsock(). Depending on a version of
304 Sys::Syslog and on the underlying operating system, one of the
305 following values (or their subset) can be used: "native",
306 "eventlog", "tcp", "udp", "inet", "unix", "stream", "pipe", or
307 "console". The value "eventlog" is specific to Win32 events logger
308 and requires a perl module Win32::EventLog to be installed. For
309 more information please consult the Sys::Syslog documentation.
310 A historical setting --syslog-socket=none is mapped to
312 --syslog=stderr.
313 A default for Windows platforms is "none", otherwise the default is
315 to try "unix" first, falling back to "inet" if perl detects errors
316 in its "unix" support.
317 Some platforms, or versions of perl, are shipped with old or
319 dysfunctional versions of the Sys::Syslog module which do not
320 support some socket types, so you may need to set this option
321 explicitly. If you get error messages regarding __PATH_LOG or
322 similar spamd, try changing this setting.
323 The socket types "file" is used internally and should not be
325 specified. Use the "-s" switch instead.
326 --log-timestamp-fmt=format
328 The --log-timestamp-fmt option can provide a POSIX strftime(3)
329 format for timestamps included in each logged message. Each logger
330 (stderr, file, syslog) has its own default value for a timestamp
331 format, which applies when --log-timestamp-fmt option is not given,
332 or with --log-timestamp-fmt=default . Timestamps can be turned off
333 by specifying an empty string with this option, e.g.
334 --log-timestamp-fmt='' or just --log-timestamp-fmt= . Typical use:
335 --log-timestamp-fmt='%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Y' (provides localized
336 weekday and month names in the ctime(3) style), or '%a, %e %b %Y
337 %H:%M:%S %z (%Z)' for a RFC 2822 format, or maybe '%Y-%m-%d
338 %H:%M:%S%z' for an ISO 8601 (EN 28601) format, or just
339 '%Y%m%dT%H%M%S' .
340 -u username, --username=username
342 Run as the named user. If this option is not set, the default
343 behaviour is to setuid() to the user running "spamc", if "spamd" is
344 running as root.
345 Note: "--username=root" is not a valid option. If specified,
347 "spamd" will exit with a fatal error on startup.
348 -g groupname, --groupname=groupname
350 Run as the named group if --username is being used. If this option
351 is not set when --username is used then the primary group for the
352 user given to --username is used.
353 -x, --nouser-config, --user-config
355 Turn off (on) reading of per-user configuration files (user_prefs)
356 from the user's home directory. The default behaviour is to read
357 per-user configuration from the user's home directory
358 (--user-config).
359 This option does not disable or otherwise influence the SQL, LDAP
361 or Virtual Config Dir settings.
362 --auth-ident
364 Verify the username provided by spamc using ident. This is only
365 useful if connections are only allowed from trusted hosts (because
366 an identd that lies is trivial to create) and if spamc REALLY
367 SHOULD be running as the user it represents. Connections are
368 terminated immediately if authentication fails. In this case,
369 spamc will pass the mail through unchecked. Failure to connect to
370 an ident server, and response timeouts are considered
371 authentication failures. This requires that Net::Ident be
372 installed. Deprecated.
373 --ident-timeout=timeout
375 Wait at most timeout seconds for a response to ident queries.
376 Ident query that takes longer that timeout seconds will fail, and
377 mail will not be processed. Setting this to 0.0 or less results in
378 no timeout, which is STRONGLY discouraged. The default is 5
379 seconds.
380 -A host,..., --allowed-ips=host,...
382 Specify a comma-separated list of authorized hosts or networks
383 which can connect to this spamd instance. Each element of the list
384 is either a single IP addresses, or a range of IP addresses in
385 address/masklength CIDR notation, or ranges of IPv4 addresses by
386 specifying 3 or less octets with a trailing dot. Hostnames are not
387 supported, only IPv4 or IPv6 addresses. This option can be
388 specified multiple times, or can take a list of addresses separated
389 by commas. IPv6 addresses may be (but need not be) enclosed in
390 square brackets for consistency with option --listen. Examples:
391 -A 10.11.12.13 -- only allow connections from 10.11.12.13.
393 -A 10.11.12.13,10.11.12.14 -- only allow connections from
395 10.11.12.13 and 10.11.12.14.
396 -A 10.200.300.0/24 -- allow connections from any machine in the
398 range "10.200.300.*".
399 -A 10. -- allow connections from any machine in the range
401 "10.*.*.*".
402 -A [2001:db8::]/32,192.0.2.0/24,::1,127.0.0.0/8 -- only accept
404 connections from specified test networks and from localhost.
405 In absence of the -A option, connections are only accepted from IP
407 address 127.0.0.1 or ::1, i.e. from localhost on a loopback
408 interface.
409 -D [area,...], --debug [area,...]
411 Produce debugging output. If no areas are listed, all debugging
412 information is printed. Diagnostic output can also be enabled for
413 each area individually; area is the area of the code to instrument.
414 For example, to produce diagnostic output on bayes, learn, and dns,
415 use:
416 spamassassin -D bayes,learn,dns
418 Higher priority informational messages that are suitable for
420 logging in normal circumstances are available with an area of
421 "info".
422 For more information about which areas (also known as channels) are
424 available, please see the documentation at:
425 C<http://wiki.apache.org/spamassassin/DebugChannels>
427 -4, --ipv4only, --ipv4-only, --ipv4
429 Use IPv4 where applicable, do not use IPv6. The option affects a
430 set of listen sockets (see option "--listen") and disables IPv6 for
431 DNS tests.
432 -6 Use IPv6 where applicable, do not use IPv4. The option affects a
434 set of listen sockets (see option "--listen") and disables IPv4 for
435 DNS tests. Installing a module IO::Socket::IP is recommended if
436 spamd is expected to receive requests over IPv6.
437 -L, --local
439 Perform only local tests on all mail. In other words, skip DNS and
440 other network tests. Works the same as the "-L" flag to
441 spamassassin(1).
442 -P, --paranoid
444 Die on user errors (for the user passed from spamc) instead of
445 falling back to user nobody and using the default configuration.
446 -m number , --max-children=number
448 This option specifies the maximum number of children to spawn.
449 Spamd will spawn that number of children, then sleep in the
450 background until a child dies, wherein it will go and spawn a new
451 child.
452 Incoming connections can still occur if all of the children are
454 busy, however those connections will be queued waiting for a free
455 child. The minimum value is 1, the default value is 5.
456 Please note that there is a OS specific maximum of connections that
458 can be queued (Try "perl -MSocket -e'print SOMAXCONN'" to find this
459 maximum).
460 Note that if you run too many servers for the amount of free RAM
462 available, you run the danger of hurting performance by causing a
463 high swap load as server processes are swapped in and out
464 continually.
465 --min-children=number
467 The minimum number of children that will be kept running. The
468 minimum value is 1, the default value is 1. If you have lots of
469 free RAM, you may want to increase this.
470 --min-spare=number
472 The lower limit for the number of spare children allowed to run. A
473 spare, or idle, child is one that is not handling a scan request.
474 If there are too few spare children available, a new server will be
475 started every second or so. The default value is 1.
476 --max-spare=number
478 The upper limit for the number of spare children allowed to run.
479 If there are too many spare children, one will be killed every
480 second or so until the number of idle children is in the desired
481 range. The default value is 2.
482 --max-conn-per-child=number
484 This option specifies the maximum number of connections each child
485 should process before dying and letting the master spamd process
486 spawn a new child. The minimum value is 1, the default value is
487 200.
488 --round-robin
490 By default, "spamd" will attempt to keep a small number of "hot"
491 child processes as busy as possible, and keep any others as idle as
492 possible, using something similar to the Apache httpd server
493 scaling algorithm. This is accomplished by the master process
494 coordinating the activities of the children. This switch will
495 disable this scaling algorithm, and the behaviour seen in the 3.0.x
496 versions will be used instead, where all processes receive an equal
497 load and no scaling takes place.
498 --timeout-tcp=number
500 This option specifies the number of seconds to wait for headers
501 from a client (spamc) before closing the connection. The minimum
502 value is 1, the default value is 30, and a value of 0 will disable
503 socket timeouts completely.
504 --timeout-child=number
506 This option specifies the number of seconds to wait for a spamd
507 child to process or check a message. The minimum value is 1, the
508 default value is 300, and a value of 0 will disable child timeouts
509 completely.
510 -H directory, --helper-home-dir=directory
512 Specify that external programs such as Razor, DCC, and Pyzor should
513 have a HOME environment variable set to a specific directory. The
514 default is to use the HOME environment variable setting from the
515 shell running spamd. By specifying no argument, spamd will use the
516 spamc caller's home directory instead.
517 --ssl
519 Accept only SSL connections on the associated port. The
520 IO::Socket::SSL perl module must be installed.
521 If the --ssl switch is used, and --ssl-port is not supplied, then
523 --port port will be used to accept SSL connections instead of
524 unencrypted connections. If the --ssl switch is used, and
525 --ssl-port is set, then unencrypted connections will be accepted on
526 the --port, at the same time as encrypted connections are accepted
527 at --ssl-port.
528 --ssl-port=port
530 Optionally specifies the port number for the server to listen on
531 for SSL connections (default: whatever --port uses). See --ssl for
532 more details.
533 --server-key keyfile
535 Specify the SSL key file to use for SSL connections.
536 --server-cert certfile
538 Specify the SSL certificate file to use for SSL connections.
539 --socketpath pathname
541 Listen on a UNIX domain socket at path pathname, in addition to
542 sockets specified with a "--listen" option. This option is provided
543 for compatibility with older versions of spamd. Starting with
544 version 3.4.0 the "--listen" option can also take a UNIX domain
545 socket as its value (an absolute path name). Unlike "--socketpath",
546 the "--listen" option may be specified multiple times if spamd
547 needs to listen on multiple UNIX or INET or INET6 sockets.
548 Warning: the Perl support on BSD platforms for UNIX domain sockets
550 seems to have a bug regarding paths of over 100 bytes or so
551 (SpamAssassin bug 4380). If you see a 'could not find newly-
552 created UNIX socket' error message, and the path appears truncated,
553 this may be the cause. Try using a shorter path to the socket.
554 By default, use of --socketpath without --listen will inhibit SSL
556 connections and unencrypted TCP connections. To add other sockets,
557 specify them with --listen, e.g. '--listen=:' or '--listen=*:'
558 --socketowner name
560 Set UNIX domain socket to be owned by the user named name. Note
561 that this requires that spamd be started as "root", and if "-u" is
562 used, that user should have write permissions to unlink the file
563 later, for when the "spamd" server is killed.
564 --socketgroup name
566 Set UNIX domain socket to be owned by the group named name. See
567 "--socketowner" for notes on ownership and permissions.
568 --socketmode mode
570 Set UNIX domain socket to use the octal mode mode. Note that if
571 "-u" is used, that user should have write permissions to unlink the
572 file later, for when the "spamd" server is killed.
573 --timing
575 Enable timing measurements and output the information for logging. This
576 is the same information as provided by the TIMING tag.
577
579 spamc(1) spamassassin(1) Mail::SpamAssassin::Conf(3)
580 Mail::SpamAssassin(3)
581
583 "Mail::SpamAssassin"
584
586 The SpamAssassin(tm) Project (http://spamassassin.apache.org/)
587
589 SpamAssassin is distributed under the Apache License, Version 2.0, as
590 described in the file "LICENSE" included with the distribution.
591perl v5.30.0 2019-10-01 SPAMD(1)