SQL::Abstract::Pg(3pm)

1SQL::Abstract::Pg(3)  User Contributed Perl Documentation SQL::Abstract::Pg(3)
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NAME

6       SQL::Abstract::Pg - PostgreSQL
7

SYNOPSIS

9         use SQL::Abstract::Pg;
10
11         my $abstract = SQL::Abstract::Pg->new;
12         say $abstract->select('some_table');
13

DESCRIPTION

15       SQL::Abstract::Pg extends SQL::Abstract with a few PostgreSQL features
16       used by Mojo::Pg.
17
18   JSON
19       In many places (as supported by SQL::Abstract) you can use the "-json"
20       unary op to encode JSON from Perl data structures.
21
22         # "update some_table set foo = '[1,2,3]' where bar = 23"
23         $abstract->update('some_table', {foo => {-json => [1, 2, 3]}}, {bar => 23});
24
25         # "select * from some_table where foo = '[1,2,3]'"
26         $abstract->select('some_table', '*', {foo => {'=' => {-json => [1, 2, 3]}}});
27

INSERT

29         $abstract->insert($table, \@values || \%fieldvals, \%options);
30
31   ON CONFLICT
32       The "on_conflict" option can be used to generate "INSERT" queries with
33       "ON CONFLICT" clauses. So far, "undef" to pass "DO NOTHING", array
34       references to pass "DO UPDATE" with conflict targets and a "SET"
35       expression, scalar references to pass literal SQL and array reference
36       references to pass literal SQL with bind values are supported.
37
38         # "insert into t (a) values ('b') on conflict do nothing"
39         $abstract->insert('t', {a => 'b'}, {on_conflict => undef});
40
41         # "insert into t (a) values ('b') on conflict do nothing"
42         $abstract->insert('t', {a => 'b'}, {on_conflict => \'do nothing'});
43
44       This includes operations commonly referred to as "upsert".
45
46         # "insert into t (a) values ('b') on conflict (a) do update set a = 'c'"
47         $abstract->insert('t', {a => 'b'}, {on_conflict => [a => {a => 'c'}]});
48
49         # "insert into t (a, b) values ('c', 'd')
50         #  on conflict (a, b) do update set a = 'e'"
51         $abstract->insert(
52           't', {a => 'c', b => 'd'}, {on_conflict => [['a', 'b'] => {a => 'e'}]});
53
54         # "insert into t (a) values ('b') on conflict (a) do update set a = 'c'"
55         $abstract->insert(
56           't', {a => 'b'}, {on_conflict => \['(a) do update set a = ?', 'c']});
57

SELECT

59         $abstract->select($source, $fields, $where, $order);
60         $abstract->select($source, $fields, $where, \%options);
61
62   AS
63       The $fields argument now also accepts array references containing array
64       references with field names and aliases, as well as array references
65       containing scalar references to pass literal SQL and array reference
66       references to pass literal SQL with bind values.
67
68         # "select foo as bar from some_table"
69         $abstract->select('some_table', [[foo => 'bar']]);
70
71         # "select foo, bar as baz, yada from some_table"
72         $abstract->select('some_table', ['foo', [bar => 'baz'], 'yada']);
73
74         # "select extract(epoch from foo) as foo, bar from some_table"
75         $abstract->select('some_table', [\'extract(epoch from foo) as foo', 'bar']);
76
77         # "select 'test' as foo, bar from some_table"
78         $abstract->select('some_table', [\['? as foo', 'test'], 'bar']);
79
80   JOIN
81       The $source argument now also accepts array references containing not
82       only table names, but also array references with tables to generate
83       "JOIN" clauses for.
84
85         # "select * from foo join bar on (bar.foo_id = foo.id)"
86         $abstract->select(['foo', ['bar', foo_id => 'id']]);
87
88         # "select * from foo join bar on (foo.id = bar.foo_id)"
89         $abstract->select(['foo', ['bar', 'foo.id' => 'bar.foo_id']]);
90
91         # "select * from a join b on (b.a_id = a.id) join c on (c.a_id = a.id)"
92         $abstract->select(['a', ['b', a_id => 'id'], ['c', a_id => 'id']]);
93
94         # "select * from foo left join bar on (bar.foo_id = foo.id)"
95         $abstract->select(['foo', [-left => 'bar', foo_id => 'id']]);
96
97         # "select * from a left join b on (b.a_id = a.id and b.a_id2 = a.id2)"
98         $abstract->select(['a', [-left => 'b', a_id => 'id', a_id2 => 'id2']]);
99
100   ORDER BY
101       Alternatively to the $order argument accepted by SQL::Abstract you can
102       now also pass a hash reference with various options. This includes
103       "order_by", which takes the same values as the $order argument.
104
105         # "select * from some_table order by foo desc"
106         $abstract->select('some_table', '*', undef, {order_by => {-desc => 'foo'}});
107
108   LIMIT/OFFSET
109       The "limit" and "offset" options can be used to generate "SELECT"
110       queries with "LIMIT" and "OFFSET" clauses.
111
112         # "select * from some_table limit 10"
113         $abstract->select('some_table', '*', undef, {limit => 10});
114
115         # "select * from some_table offset 5"
116         $abstract->select('some_table', '*', undef, {offset => 5});
117
118         # "select * from some_table limit 10 offset 5"
119         $abstract->select('some_table', '*', undef, {limit => 10, offset => 5});
120
121   GROUP BY
122       The "group_by" option can be used to generate "SELECT" queries with
123       "GROUP BY" clauses. So far, array references to pass a list of fields
124       and scalar references to pass literal SQL are supported.
125
126         # "select * from some_table group by foo, bar"
127         $abstract->select('some_table', '*', undef, {group_by => ['foo', 'bar']});
128
129         # "select * from some_table group by foo, bar"
130         $abstract->select('some_table', '*', undef, {group_by => \'foo, bar'});
131
132   HAVING
133       The "having" option can be used to generate "SELECT" queries with
134       "HAVING" clauses, which takes the same values as the $where argument.
135
136         # "select * from t group by a having b = 'c'"
137         $abstract->select('t', '*', undef, {group_by => ['a'], having => {b => 'c'}});
138
139   FOR
140       The "for" option can be used to generate "SELECT" queries with "FOR"
141       clauses.  So far, the scalar value "update" to pass "UPDATE" and scalar
142       references to pass literal SQL are supported.
143
144         # "select * from some_table for update"
145         $abstract->select('some_table', '*', undef, {for => 'update'});
146
147         # "select * from some_table for update skip locked"
148         $abstract->select('some_table', '*', undef, {for => \'update skip locked'});
149

METHODS

151       SQL::Abstract::Pg inherits all methods from SQL::Abstract.
152

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

INSERT

SELECT

METHODS

SEE ALSO