1DNF(8) DNF DNF(8)
2
6 dnf - DNF Command Reference
7
9 dnf [options] <command> [<args>...]
10
12 DNF is the next upcoming major version of YUM, a package manager for
13 RPM-based Linux distributions. It roughly maintains CLI compatibility
14 with YUM and defines a strict API for extensions and plugins.
15 Plugins can modify or extend features of DNF or provide additional CLI
17 commands on top of those mentioned below. If you know the name of such
18 a command (including commands mentioned below), you may find/install
19 the package which provides it using the appropriate virtual provide in
20 the form of dnf-command(<alias>), where <alias> is the name of the com‐
21 mand; e.g.``dnf install 'dnf-command(versionlock)'`` installs a ver‐
22 sionlock plugin. This approach also applies to specifying dependencies
23 of packages that require a particular DNF command.
24 Return values:
26 · 0 : Operation was successful.
28 · 1 : An error occurred, which was handled by dnf.
30 · 3 : An unknown unhandled error occurred during operation.
32 · 100: See check-update
34 · 200: There was a problem with acquiring or releasing of locks.
36 Available commands:
38 · alias
40 · autoremove
42 · check
44 · check-update
46 · clean
48 · deplist
50 · distro-sync
52 · downgrade
54 · group
56 · help
58 · history
60 · info
62 · install
64 · list
66 · makecache
68 · mark
70 · module
72 · provides
74 · reinstall
76 · remove
78 · repoinfo
80 · repolist
82 · repoquery
84 · repository-packages
86 · search
88 · shell
90 · swap
92 · updateinfo
94 · upgrade
96 · upgrade-minimal
98 · upgrade-to
100 Additional information:
102 · Options
104 · Specifying Packages
106 · Specifying Exact Versions of Packages
108 · Specifying Provides
110 · Specifying Groups
112 · Specifying Transactions
114 · Metadata Synchronization
116 · Configuration Files Replacement Policy
118 · Files
120 · See Also
122
124 -4 Resolve to IPv4 addresses only.
125 -6 Resolve to IPv6 addresses only.
127 --advisory=<advisory>, --advisories=<advisory>
129 Include packages corresponding to the advisory ID, Eg.
130 FEDORA-2201-123. Applicable for the install, repoquery, update‐
131 info and upgrade commands.
132 --allowerasing
134 Allow erasing of installed packages to resolve dependencies.
135 This option could be used as an alternative to the yum swap com‐
136 mand where packages to remove are not explicitly defined.
137 --assumeno
139 Automatically answer no for all questions.
140 -b, --best
142 Try the best available package versions in transactions. Specif‐
143 ically during dnf upgrade, which by default skips over updates
144 that can not be installed for dependency reasons, the switch
145 forces DNF to only consider the latest packages. When running
146 into packages with broken dependencies, DNF will fail giving a
147 reason why the latest version can not be installed.
148 --bugfix
150 Include packages that fix a bugfix issue. Applicable for the
151 install, repoquery, updateinfo and upgrade commands.
152 --bz=<bugzilla>, --bzs=<bugzilla>
154 Include packages that fix a Bugzilla ID, Eg. 123123. Applicable
155 for the install, repoquery, updateinfo and upgrade commands.
156 -C, --cacheonly
158 Run entirely from system cache, don't update the cache and use
159 it even in case it is expired.
160 DNF uses a separate cache for each user under which it executes.
162 The cache for the root user is called the system cache. This
163 switch allows a regular user read-only access to the system
164 cache, which usually is more fresh than the user's and thus he
165 does not have to wait for metadata sync.
166 --color=<color>
168 Control whether color is used in terminal output. Valid values
169 are always, never and auto (default).
170 --comment=<comment>
172 Add a comment to the transaction history.
173 -c <config file>, --config=<config file>
175 Configuration file location.
176 --cve=<cves>, --cves=<cves>
178 Include packages that fix a CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and
179 Exposures) ID (http://cve.mitre.org/about/), Eg. CVE-2201-0123.
180 Applicable for the install, repoquery, updateinfo, and upgrade
181 commands.
182 -d <debug level>, --debuglevel=<debug level>
184 Debugging output level. This is an integer value between 0 (no
185 additional information strings) and 10 (shows all debugging
186 information, even that not understandable to the user), default
187 is 2. Deprecated, use -v instead.
188 --debugsolver
190 Dump data aiding in dependency solver debugging into ./debug‐
191 data.
192 --disableexcludes=[all|main|<repoid>], --disableexcludep‐
194 kgs=[all|main|<repoid>]
195 Disable the configuration file excludes. Takes one of the following
196 three options:
197 · all, disables all configuration file excludes
199 · main, disables excludes defined in the [main] section
201 · repoid, disables excludes defined for the given repository
203 --disable, --set-disabled
205 Disable specified repositories (automatically saves). The option
206 has to be used together with the config-manager command
207 (dnf-plugins-core).
208 --disableplugin=<plugin names>
210 Disable the listed plugins specified by names or globs.
211 --disablerepo=<repoid>
213 Disable specific repositories by an id or a glob. This option is
214 mutually exclusive with --repo.
215 --downloaddir=<path>, --destdir=<path>
217 Redirect downloaded packages to provided directory. The option
218 has to be used together with the --downloadonly command line
219 option, with the download command (dnf-plugins-core) or with the
220 system-upgrade command (dnf-plugins-extras).
221 --downloadonly
223 Download the resolved package set without performing any rpm
224 transaction (install/upgrade/erase).
225 -e <error level>, --errorlevel=<error level>
227 Error output level. This is an integer value between 0 (no error
228 output) and 10 (shows all error messages), default is 3. Depre‐
229 cated, use -v instead.
230 --enable, --set-enabled
232 Enable specified repositories (automatically saves). The option
233 has to be used together with the config-manager command
234 (dnf-plugins-core).
235 --enableplugin=<plugin names>
237 Enable the listed plugins specified by names or globs.
238 --enablerepo=<repoid>
240 Enable additional repositories by an id or a glob.
241 --enhancement
243 Include enhancement relevant packages. Applicable for the
244 install, repoquery, updateinfo and upgrade commands.
245 -x <package-file-spec>, --exclude=<package-file-spec>
247 Exclude packages specified by <package-file-spec> from the oper‐
248 ation.
249 --excludepkgs=<package-file-spec>
251 Deprecated option. It was replaced by the --exclude option.
252 --forcearch=<arch>
254 Force the use of an architecture. Any architecture can be speci‐
255 fied. However, use of an architecture not supported natively by
256 your CPU will require emulation of some kind. This is usually
257 through QEMU. The behavior of --forcearch can be configured by
258 using the arch and ignorearch configuration options with values
259 <arch> and True respectively.
260 -h, --help, --help-cmd
262 Show the help.
263 --installroot=<path>
265 Specifies an alternative installroot, relative to where all
266 packages will be installed. Think of this like doing chroot
267 <root> dnf, except using --installroot allows dnf to work before
268 the chroot is created. It requires absolute path.
269 · cachedir, log files, releasever, and gpgkey are taken from or stored
271 in the installroot. Gpgkeys are imported into the installroot from a
272 path relative to the host which can be specified in the repository
273 section of configuration files.
274 · configuration file and reposdir are searched inside the installroot
276 first. If they are not present, they are taken from the host system.
277 Note: When a path is specified within a command line argument
278 (--config=<config file> in case of configuration file and
279 --setopt=reposdir=<reposdir> for reposdir) then this path is always
280 relative to the host with no exceptions.
281 · vars are taken from the host system or installroot according to
283 reposdir installroot. When varsdir paths are specified within a com‐
284 mand line argument (--setopt=varsdir=<reposdir>) then those path are
285 always relative to the host with no exceptions.
286 · The pluginpath and pluginconfpath are relative to the host.
288 Note: You may also want to use the command-line option --relea‐
289 sever=<release> when creating the installroot, otherwise the $relea‐
290 sever value is taken from the rpmdb within the installroot (and thus
291 it is empty at the time of creation and the transaction will fail).
292 If --releasever=/ is used, the releasever will be detected from the
293 host (/) system. The new installroot path at the time of creation
294 does not contain the repository, releasever and dnf.conf files.
295 On a modular system you may also want to use the --setopt=mod‐
297 ule_platform_id=<module_platform_name:stream> command-line option
298 when creating the installroot, otherwise the module_platform_id
299 value will be taken from the /etc/os-release file within the
300 installroot (and thus it will be empty at the time of creation, the
301 modular dependency could be unsatisfied and modules content could be
302 excluded).
303 Installroot examples:
305 dnf --installroot=<installroot> --releasever=<release> install sys‐
307 tem-release
308 Permanently sets the releasever of the system in the
309 <installroot> directory to <release>.
310 dnf --installroot=<installroot> --setopt=reposdir=<path> --config
312 /path/dnf.conf upgrade
313 Upgrades packages inside the installroot from a repository
314 described by --setopt using configuration from
315 /path/dnf.conf.
316 --newpackage
318 Include newpackage relevant packages. Applicable for the
319 install, repoquery, updateinfo and upgrade commands.
320 --noautoremove
322 Disable removal of dependencies that are no longer used. It sets
323 clean_requirements_on_remove configuration option to False.
324 --nobest
326 Set best option to False, so that transactions are not limited
327 to best candidates only.
328 --nodocs
330 Do not install documentation. Sets the rpm flag 'RPM‐
331 TRANS_FLAG_NODOCS'.
332 --nogpgcheck
334 Skip checking GPG signatures on packages (if RPM policy allows).
335 --noplugins
337 Disable all plugins.
338 --obsoletes
340 This option has an effect on an install/update, it enables dnf's
341 obsoletes processing logic. For more information see the obso‐
342 letes option.
343 This option also displays capabilities that the package obso‐
345 letes when used together with the repoquery command.
346 Configuration Option: obsoletes
348 -q, --quiet
350 In combination with a non-interactive command, shows just the
351 relevant content. Suppresses messages notifying about the cur‐
352 rent state or actions of DNF.
353 -R <minutes>, --randomwait=<minutes>
355 Maximum command wait time.
356 --refresh
358 Set metadata as expired before running the command.
359 --releasever=<release>
361 Configure DNF as if the distribution release was <release>. This
362 can affect cache paths, values in configuration files and mir‐
363 rorlist URLs.
364 --repofrompath <repo>,<path/url>
366 Specify a repository to add to the repositories for this query.
367 This option can be used multiple times.
368 · The repository label is specified by <repo>.
370 · The path or url to the repository is specified by <path/url>. It is
372 the same path as a baseurl and can be also enriched by the repo vari‐
373 ables.
374 · The configuration for the repository can be adjusted using -‐
376 -setopt=<repo>.<option>=<value>.
377 · If you want to view only packages from this repository, combine this
379 with the --repo=<repo> or --disablerepo="*" switches.
380 --repo=<repoid>, --repoid=<repoid>
382 Enable just specific repositories by an id or a glob. Can be
383 used multiple times with accumulative effect. It is basically a
384 shortcut for --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo=<repoid> and is
385 mutually exclusive with the --disablerepo option.
386 --rpmverbosity=<name>
388 RPM debug scriptlet output level. Sets the debug level to <name>
389 for RPM scriptlets. For available levels, see the rpmverbosity
390 configuration option.
391 --sec-severity=<severity>, --secseverity=<severity>
393 Includes packages that provide a fix for an issue of the speci‐
394 fied severity. Applicable for the install, repoquery, update‐
395 info and upgrade commands.
396 --security
398 Includes packages that provide a fix for a security issue.
399 Applicable for the upgrade command.
400 --setopt=<option>=<value>
402 Override a configuration option from the configuration file. To
403 override configuration options for repositories, use
404 repoid.option for the <option>. Values for configuration options
405 like excludepkgs, includepkgs, installonlypkgs and tsflags are
406 appended to the original value, they do not override it. How‐
407 ever, specifying an empty value (e.g. --setopt=tsflags=) will
408 clear the option.
409 --skip-broken
411 Resolve depsolve problems by removing packages that are causing
412 problems from the transaction. It is an alias for the strict
413 configuration option with value False. Additionally, with the
414 enable and disable module subcommands it allows one to perform
415 an action even in case of broken modular dependencies.
416 --showduplicates
418 Show duplicate packages in repositories. Applicable for the list
419 and search commands.
420 -v, --verbose
422 Verbose operation, show debug messages.
423 --version
425 Show DNF version and exit.
426 -y, --assumeyes
428 Automatically answer yes for all questions.
429 List options are comma-separated. Command-line options override respec‐
431 tive settings from configuration files.
432
434 For an explanation of <package-spec> and <package-file-spec> see
435 Specifying Packages.
436 For an explanation of <package-nevr-spec> see Specifying Exact Versions
438 of Packages.
439 For an explanation of <provide-spec> see Specifying Provides.
441 For an explanation of <group-spec> see Specifying Groups.
443 For an explanation of <module-spec> see Specifying Modules.
445 For an explanation of <transaction-spec> see Specifying Transactions.
447 Alias Command
449 Allows the user to define and manage a list of aliases (in the form
450 <name=value>), which can be then used as dnf commands to abbreviate
451 longer command sequences. For examples on using the alias command, see
452 Alias Examples. For examples on the alias processing, see Alias Pro‐
453 cessing Examples.
454 To use an alias (name=value), the name must be placed as the first
456 "command" (e.g. the first argument that is not an option). It is then
457 replaced by its value and the resulting sequence is again searched for
458 aliases. The alias processing stops when the first found command is not
459 a name of any alias.
460 Also, like in shell aliases, if the result starts with a \, the alias
462 processing will stop.
463 All aliases are defined in configuration files in the
465 /etc/dnf/aliases.d/ directory in the [aliases] section, and aliases
466 created by the alias command are written to the USER.conf file.
467 Optionally, there is the enabled option in the [main] section default‐
468 ing to True. This can be set for each file separately in the respective
469 file, or globally for all aliases in the ALIASES.conf file.
470 dnf alias [options] [list] [<name>...]
472 List aliases with their final result. The [<alias>...] parameter
473 further limits the result to only those aliases matching it.
474 dnf alias [options] add <name=value>...
476 Create new aliases.
477 dnf alias [options] delete <name>...
479 Delete aliases.
480 Alias Examples
482 dnf alias list
483 Lists all defined aliases.
484 dnf alias add rm=remove
486 Adds new alias command called "rm" which does the same thing as
487 the command "remove".
488 dnf alias add update="\update --skip-broken --disableexcludes=all
490 --obsoletes"
491 Adds new alias command called "update" which does the same thing
492 as the command "update", but with options --skip-broken --dis‐
493 ableexcludes=all --obsoletes.
494 Alias Processing Examples
496 If there are defined aliases in=install and FORCE="--skip-broken --dis‐
497 ableexcludes=all":
498 · dnf FORCE in will be replaced with dnf --skip-broken --disableex‐
500 cludes=all install
501 · dnf in FORCE will be replaced with dnf install FORCE (which will
503 fail)
504 If there is defined alias in=install:
506 · dnf in will be replaced with dnf install
508 · dnf --repo updates in will be replaced with dnf --repo updates in
510 (which will fail)
511 Auto Remove Command
513 dnf [options] autoremove
514 Removes all "leaf" packages from the system that were originally
515 installed as dependencies of user-installed packages, but which are
516 no longer required by any such package.
517 Packages listed in installonlypkgs are never automatically removed by
519 this command.
520 dnf [options] autoremove <spec>...
522 This is an alias for the Remove Command command with clean_require‐
523 ments_on_remove set to True. It removes the specified packages from
524 the system along with any packages depending on the packages being
525 removed. Each <spec> can be either a <package-spec>, which specifies
526 a package directly, or a @<group-spec>, which specifies an (environ‐
527 ment) group which contains it. It also removes any dependencies that
528 are no longer needed.
529 There are also a few specific autoremove commands autoremove-n,
531 autoremove-na and autoremove-nevra that allow the specification of
532 an exact argument in the NEVRA (name-epoch:version-release.architec‐
533 ture) format.
534 This command by default does not force a sync of expired metadata. See
536 also Metadata Synchronization.
537 Check Command
539 dnf [options] check [--dependencies] [--duplicates] [--obsoleted]
540 [--provides]
541 Checks the local packagedb and produces information on any problems
542 it finds. You can limit the checks to be performed by using the
543 --dependencies, --duplicates, --obsoleted and --provides options
544 (the default is to check everything).
545 Check-Update Command
547 dnf [options] check-update [--changelogs] [<package-file-spec>...]
548 Non-interactively checks if updates of the specified packages are
549 available. If no <package-file-spec> is given, checks whether any
550 updates at all are available for your system. DNF exit code will be
551 100 when there are updates available and a list of the updates will
552 be printed, 0 if not and 1 if an error occurs. If --changelogs
553 option is specified, also changelog delta of packages about to be
554 updated is printed.
555 Please note that having a specific newer version available for an
557 installed package (and reported by check-update) does not imply that
558 subsequent dnf upgrade will install it. The difference is that dnf
559 upgrade has restrictions (like package dependencies being satisfied)
560 to take into account.
561 The output is affected by the autocheck_running_kernel configuration
563 option.
564 Clean Command
566 Performs cleanup of temporary files kept for repositories. This
567 includes any such data left behind from disabled or removed reposito‐
568 ries as well as for different distribution release versions.
569 dnf clean dbcache
571 Removes cache files generated from the repository metadata. This
572 forces DNF to regenerate the cache files the next time it is
573 run.
574 dnf clean expire-cache
576 Marks the repository metadata expired. DNF will re-validate the
577 cache for each repository the next time it is used.
578 dnf clean metadata
580 Removes repository metadata. Those are the files which DNF uses
581 to determine the remote availability of packages. Using this
582 option will make DNF download all the metadata the next time it
583 is run.
584 dnf clean packages
586 Removes any cached packages from the system.
587 dnf clean all
589 Does all of the above.
590 Deplist command
592 dnf [options] deplist [<select-options>] [<query-options>] [<pack‐
593 age-spec>]
594 Alias for dnf repoquery --deplist.
595 Distro-Sync command
597 dnf distro-sync [<package-spec>...]
598 As necessary upgrades, downgrades or keeps selected installed
599 packages to match the latest version available from any enabled
600 repository. If no package is given, all installed packages are
601 considered.
602 See also Configuration Files Replacement Policy.
604 Distribution-Synchronization command
606 dnf distribution-synchronization
607 Deprecated alias for the Distro-Sync command.
608 Downgrade Command
610 dnf [options] downgrade <package-spec>...
611 Downgrades the specified packages to the highest installable
612 package of all known lower versions if possible. When version is
613 given and is lower than version of installed package then it
614 downgrades to target version.
615 Erase Command
617 dnf [options] erase <spec>...
618 Deprecated alias for the Remove Command.
619 Group Command
621 Groups are virtual collections of packages. DNF keeps track of groups
622 that the user selected ("marked") installed and can manipulate the com‐
623 prising packages with simple commands.
624 dnf [options] group [summary] <group-spec>
626 Display overview of how many groups are installed and available.
627 With a spec, limit the output to the matching groups. summary is
628 the default groups subcommand.
629 dnf [options] group info <group-spec>
631 Display package lists of a group. Shows which packages are
632 installed or available from a repository when -v is used.
633 dnf [options] group install [--with-optional] <group-spec>...
635 Mark the specified group installed and install packages it con‐
636 tains. Also include optional packages of the group if
637 --with-optional is specified. All mandatory and Default packages
638 will be installed whenever possible. Conditional packages are
639 installed if they meet their requirement. If the group is
640 already (partially) installed, the command installs the missing
641 packages from the group. Depending on the value of obsoletes
642 configuration option group installation takes obsoletes into
643 account.
644 dnf [options] group list <group-spec>...
646 List all matching groups, either among installed or available
647 groups. If nothing is specified, list all known groups.
648 --installed and --available options narrow down the requested
649 list. Records are ordered by the display_order tag defined in
650 comps.xml file. Provides a list of all hidden groups by using
651 option --hidden. Provides group IDs when the -v or --ids
652 options are used.
653 dnf [options] group remove <group-spec>...
655 Mark the group removed and remove those packages in the group
656 from the system which do not belong to another installed group
657 and were not installed explicitly by the user.
658 dnf [options] group upgrade <group-spec>...
660 Upgrades the packages from the group and upgrades the group
661 itself. The latter comprises of installing packages that were
662 added to the group by the distribution and removing packages
663 that got removed from the group as far as they were not
664 installed explicitly by the user.
665 Groups can also be marked installed or removed without physically
667 manipulating any packages:
668 dnf [options] group mark install <group-spec>...
670 Mark the specified group installed. No packages will be
671 installed by this command, but the group is then considered
672 installed.
673 dnf [options] group mark remove <group-spec>...
675 Mark the specified group removed. No packages will be removed by
676 this command.
677 See also Configuration Files Replacement Policy.
679 Groups Command
681 dnf [options] groups
682 Deprecated alias for the Group Command.
683 Help Command
685 dnf help [<command>]
686 Displays the help text for all commands. If given a command name
687 then only displays help for that particular command.
688 History Command
690 The history command allows the user to view what has happened in past
691 transactions and act according to this information (assuming the his‐
692 tory_record configuration option is set).
693 dnf history [list] [<spec>...]
695 The default history action is listing information about given
696 transactions in a table. Each <spec> can be either a <transac‐
697 tion-spec>, which specifies a transaction directly, or a <trans‐
698 action-spec>..<transaction-spec>, which specifies a range of
699 transactions, or a <package-name-spec>, which specifies a trans‐
700 action by a package which it manipulated. When no transaction is
701 specified, list all known transactions.
702 dnf history info [<spec>...]
704 Describe the given transactions. The meaning of <spec> is the
705 same as in the History List Command. When no transaction is
706 specified, describe what happened during the latest transaction.
707 dnf history redo <transaction-spec>|<package-file-spec>
709 Repeat the specified transaction. Uses the last transaction
710 (with the highest ID) if more than one transaction for given
711 <package-file-spec> is found. If it is not possible to redo some
712 operations due to the current state of RPMDB, it will not redo
713 the transaction.
714 dnf history rollback <transaction-spec>|<package-file-spec>
716 Undo all transactions performed after the specified transaction.
717 Uses the last transaction (with the highest ID) if more than one
718 transaction for given <package-file-spec> is found. If it is
719 not possible to undo some transactions due to the current state
720 of RPMDB, it will not undo any transaction.
721 dnf history undo <transaction-spec>|<package-file-spec>
723 Perform the opposite operation to all operations performed in
724 the specified transaction. Uses the last transaction (with the
725 highest ID) if more than one transaction for given <pack‐
726 age-file-spec> is found. If it is not possible to undo some
727 operations due to the current state of RPMDB, it will not undo
728 the transaction.
729 dnf history userinstalled
731 Show all installonly packages, packages installed outside of DNF
732 and packages not installed as dependency. I.e. it lists packages
733 that will stay on the system when Auto Remove Command or Remove
734 Command along with clean_requirements_on_remove configuration
735 option set to True is executed. Note the same results can be
736 accomplished with dnf repoquery --userinstalled, and the repo‐
737 query command is more powerful in formatting of the output.
738 This command by default does not force a sync of expired metadata,
740 except for the redo, rollback, and undo subcommands. See also Metadata
741 Synchronization and Configuration Files Replacement Policy.
742 Info Command
744 dnf [options] info [<package-file-spec>...]
745 Lists description and summary information about installed and
746 available packages.
747 This command by default does not force a sync of expired metadata. See
749 also Metadata Synchronization.
750 Install Command
752 dnf [options] install <spec>...
753 Makes sure that the given packages and their dependencies are
754 installed on the system. Each <spec> can be either a
755 <package-spec>, or a @<module-spec>, or a @<group-spec>. See
756 Install Examples. If a given package or provide cannot be (and
757 is not already) installed, the exit code will be non-zero. If
758 the <spec> matches both a @<module-spec> and a @<group-spec>,
759 only the module is installed.
760 When <package-spec> to specify the exact version of the package
762 is given, DNF will install the desired version, no matter which
763 version of the package is already installed. The former version
764 of the package will be removed in the case of non-installonly
765 package.
766 There are also a few specific install commands install-n,
768 install-na and install-nevra that allow the specification of an
769 exact argument in the NEVRA format.
770 See also Configuration Files Replacement Policy.
772 Install Examples
774 dnf install tito
775 Install the tito package (tito is the package name).
776 dnf install ~/Downloads/tito-0.6.2-1.fc22.noarch.rpm
778 Install a local rpm file tito-0.6.2-1.fc22.noarch.rpm from the
779 ~/Downloads/ directory.
780 dnf install tito-0.5.6-1.fc22
782 Install the package with a specific version. If the package is
783 already installed it will automatically try to downgrade or
784 upgrade to the specific version.
785 dnf --best install tito
787 Install the latest available version of the package. If the
788 package is already installed it will try to automatically
789 upgrade to the latest version. If the latest version of the
790 package cannot be installed, the installation will fail.
791 dnf install vim
793 DNF will automatically recognize that vim is not a package name,
794 but will look up and install a package that provides vim with
795 all the required dependencies. Note: Package name match has
796 precedence over package provides match.
797 dnf install https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org//pack‐
799 ages/tito/0.6.0/1.fc22/noarch/tito-0.6.0-1.fc22.noarch.rpm
800 Install a package directly from a URL.
801 dnf install '@docker'
803 Install all default profiles of module 'docker' and their RPMs.
804 Module streams get enabled accordingly.
805 dnf install '@Web Server'
807 Install the 'Web Server' environmental group.
808 dnf install /usr/bin/rpmsign
810 Install a package that provides the /usr/bin/rpmsign file.
811 dnf -y install tito --setopt=install_weak_deps=False
813 Install the tito package (tito is the package name) without weak
814 deps. Weak deps are not required for core functionality of the
815 package, but they enhance the original package (like extended
816 documentation, plugins, additional functions, etc.).
817 dnf install --advisory=FEDORA-2018-b7b99fe852 \*
819 Install all packages that belong to the "FEDORA-2018-b7b99fe852"
820 advisory.
821 List Command
823 Prints lists of packages depending on the packages' relation to the
824 system. A package is installed if it is present in the RPMDB, and it is
825 available if it is not installed but is present in a repository that
826 DNF knows about. The list command can also limit the displayed pack‐
827 ages according to specific criteria, e.g. to only those that update an
828 installed package. The exclude option in the configuration file can
829 influence the result, but if the --disableexcludes command line option
830 is used, it ensures that all installed packages will be listed.
831 dnf [options] list [--all] [<package-file-spec>...]
833 Lists all packages, present in the RPMDB, in a repository or
834 both.
835 dnf [options] list --installed [<package-file-spec>...]
837 Lists installed packages.
838 dnf [options] list --available [<package-file-spec>...]
840 Lists available packages.
841 dnf [options] list --extras [<package-file-spec>...]
843 Lists extras, that is packages installed on the system that are
844 not available in any known repository.
845 dnf [options] list --obsoletes [<package-file-spec>...]
847 List packages installed on the system that are obsoleted by
848 packages in any known repository.
849 dnf [options] list --recent [<package-file-spec>...]
851 List packages recently added into the repositories.
852 dnf [options] list --upgrades [<package-file-spec>...]
854 List upgrades available for the installed packages.
855 dnf [options] list --autoremove
857 List packages which will be removed by the dnf autoremove com‐
858 mand.
859 This command by default does not force a sync of expired metadata. See
861 also Metadata Synchronization.
862 Localinstall Command
864 dnf [options] localinstall <spec>...
865 Deprecated alias for the Install Command.
866 Makecache Command
868 dnf [options] makecache
869 Downloads and caches metadata for all known repos. Tries to
870 avoid downloading whenever possible (e.g. when the local meta‐
871 data hasn't expired yet or when the metadata timestamp hasn't
872 changed).
873 dnf [options] makecache --timer
875 Like plain makecache, but instructs DNF to be more
876 resource-aware, meaning it will not do anything if running on
877 battery power and will terminate immediately if it's too soon
878 after the last successful makecache run (see dnf.conf(5), meta‐
879 data_timer_sync).
880 Mark Command
882 dnf mark install <package-spec>...
883 Marks the specified packages as installed by user. This can be
884 useful if any package was installed as a dependency and is
885 desired to stay on the system when Auto Remove Command or Remove
886 Command along with clean_requirements_on_remove configuration
887 option set to True is executed.
888 dnf mark remove <package-spec>...
890 Unmarks the specified packages as installed by user. Whenever
891 you as a user don't need a specific package you can mark it for
892 removal. The package stays installed on the system but will be
893 removed when Auto Remove Command or Remove Command along with
894 clean_requirements_on_remove configuration option set to True is
895 executed. You should use this operation instead of Remove Com‐
896 mand if you're not sure whether the package is a requirement of
897 other user installed packages on the system.
898 dnf mark group <package-spec>...
900 Marks the specified packages as installed by group. This can be
901 useful if any package was installed as a dependency or a user
902 and is desired to be protected and handled as a group member
903 like during group remove.
904 Module Command
906 Modularity overview is available at man page dnf.modularity(7). Module
907 subcommands take <module-spec>... arguments that specify modules or
908 profiles.
909 dnf [options] module install <module-spec>...
911 Install module profiles, including their packages. In case no
912 profile was provided, all default profiles get installed. Mod‐
913 ule streams get enabled accordingly.
914 This command cannot be used for switching module streams. It is
916 recommended to remove all installed content from the module and
917 reset the module using the reset command. After you reset the
918 module, you can install the other stream.
919 dnf [options] module update <module-spec>...
921 Update packages associated with an active module stream, option‐
922 ally restricted to a profile. If the profile_name is provided,
923 only the packages referenced by that profile will be updated.
924 dnf [options] module remove <module-spec>...
926 Remove installed module profiles, including packages that were
927 installed with the dnf module install command. Will not remove
928 packages required by other installed module profiles or by other
929 user-installed packages. In case no profile was provided, all
930 installed profiles get removed.
931 dnf [options] module remove --all <module-spec>...
933 Remove installed module profiles, including packages that were
934 installed with the dnf module install command. With --all
935 option it additionally removes all packages whose names are pro‐
936 vided by specified modules. Packages required by other installed
937 module profiles and packages whose names are also provided by
938 any other module are not removed.
939 dnf [options] module enable <module-spec>...
941 Enable a module stream and make the stream RPMs available in the
942 package set.
943 Modular dependencies are resolved, dependencies checked and also
945 recursively enabled. In case of modular dependency issue the
946 operation will be rejected. To perform the action anyway please
947 use --skip-broken option.
948 This command cannot be used for switching module streams. It is
950 recommended to remove all installed content from the module, and
951 reset the module using the reset command. After you reset the
952 module, you can enable the other stream.
953 dnf [options] module disable <module-name>...
955 Disable a module. All related module streams will become
956 unavailable. Consequently, all installed profiles will be
957 removed and the module RPMs will become unavailable in the pack‐
958 age set. In case of modular dependency issue the operation will
959 be rejected. To perform the action anyway please use -‐
960 -skip-broken option.
961 dnf [options] module reset <module-name>...
963 Reset module state so it's no longer enabled or disabled. Con‐
964 sequently, all installed profiles will be removed and only RPMs
965 from the default stream will be available in the package set.
966 dnf [options] module provides <package-name-spec>...
968 Lists all modular packages matching <package-name-spec> from all
969 modules (including disabled), along with the modules and streams
970 they belong to.
971 dnf [options] module list [--all] [module_name...]
973 Lists all module streams, their profiles and states (enabled,
974 disabled, default).
975 dnf [options] module list --enabled [module_name...]
977 Lists module streams that are enabled.
978 dnf [options] module list --disabled [module_name...]
980 Lists module streams that are disabled.
981 dnf [options] module list --installed [module_name...]
983 List module streams with installed profiles.
984 dnf [options] module info <module-spec>...
986 Print detailed information about given module stream.
987 dnf [options] module info --profile <module-spec>...
989 Print detailed information about given module profiles.
990 dnf [options] module repoquery <module-spec>...
992 List all available packages belonging to selected modules.
993 dnf [options] module repoquery --available <module-spec>...
995 List all available packages belonging to selected modules.
996 dnf [options] module repoquery --installed <module-spec>...
998 List all installed packages with same name like packages belong‐
999 ing to selected modules.
1000 Provides Command
1002 dnf [options] provides <provide-spec>
1003 Finds the packages providing the given <provide-spec>. This is
1004 useful when one knows a filename and wants to find what package
1005 (installed or not) provides this file. The <provide-spec> is
1006 gradually looked for at following locations:
1007 1. The <provide-spec> is matched with all file provides of any
1009 available package:
1010 $ dnf provides /usr/bin/gzip
1012 gzip-1.9-9.fc29.x86_64 : The GNU data compression program
1013 Matched from:
1014 Filename : /usr/bin/gzip
1015 2. Then all provides of all available packages are searched:
1017 $ dnf provides "gzip(x86-64)"
1019 gzip-1.9-9.fc29.x86_64 : The GNU data compression program
1020 Matched from:
1021 Provide : gzip(x86-64) = 1.9-9.fc29
1022 3. DNF assumes that the <provide-spec> is a system command,
1024 prepends it with /usr/bin/, /usr/sbin/ prefixes (one at a
1025 time) and does the file provides search again. For legacy
1026 reasons (packages that didn't do UsrMove) also /bin and /sbin
1027 prefixes are being searched:
1028 $ dnf provides zless
1030 gzip-1.9-9.fc29.x86_64 : The GNU data compression program
1031 Matched from:
1032 Filename : /usr/bin/zless
1033 4. If this last step also fails, DNF returns "Error: No Matches
1035 found".
1036 This command by default does not force a sync of expired meta‐
1038 data. See also Metadata Synchronization.
1039 Reinstall Command
1041 dnf [options] reinstall <package-spec>...
1042 Installs the specified packages, fails if some of the packages
1043 are either not installed or not available (i.e. there is no
1044 repository where to download the same RPM).
1045 Remove Command
1047 dnf [options] remove <package-spec>...
1048 Removes the specified packages from the system along with any
1049 packages depending on the packages being removed. Each <spec>
1050 can be either a <package-spec>, which specifies a package
1051 directly, or a @<group-spec>, which specifies an (environment)
1052 group which contains it. If clean_requirements_on_remove is
1053 enabled (the default), also removes any dependencies that are no
1054 longer needed.
1055 dnf [options] remove --duplicates
1057 Removes older versions of duplicate packages. To ensure the
1058 integrity of the system it reinstalls the newest package. In
1059 some cases the command cannot resolve conflicts. In such cases
1060 the dnf shell command with remove --duplicates and upgrade
1061 dnf-shell sub-commands could help.
1062 dnf [options] remove --oldinstallonly
1064 Removes old installonly packages, keeping only installonly_limit
1065 latest versions.
1066 There are also a few specific remove commands remove-n,
1068 remove-na and remove-nevra that allow the specification of an
1069 exact argument in the NEVRA format.
1070 Remove Examples
1072 dnf remove acpi tito
1073 Remove the acpi and tito packages.
1074 dnf remove $(dnf repoquery --extras --exclude=tito,acpi)
1076 Remove packages not present in any repository, but don't remove
1077 the tito and acpi packages (they still might be removed if they
1078 depend on some of the removed packages).
1079 Remove older versions of duplicated packages (an equivalent of yum's
1081 package-cleanup --cleandups):
1082 dnf remove --duplicates
1084 Repoinfo Command
1086 An alias for the repolist command that provides more detailed infor‐
1087 mation like dnf repolist -v.
1088 Repolist Command
1090 dnf [options] repolist [--enabled|--disabled|--all]
1091 Depending on the exact command lists enabled, disabled or all
1092 known repositories. Lists all enabled repositories by default.
1093 Provides more detailed information when -v option is used.
1094 This command by default does not force a sync of expired metadata. See
1096 also Metadata Synchronization.
1097 Repoquery Command
1099 dnf [options] repoquery [<select-options>] [<query-options>] [<pack‐
1100 age-file-spec>]
1101 Searches available DNF repositories for selected packages and
1102 displays the requested information about them. It is an equiva‐
1103 lent of rpm -q for remote repositories.
1104 dnf [options] repoquery --querytags
1106 Provides the list of tags recognized by the --queryformat repo‐
1107 query option.
1108 There are also a few specific repoquery commands repoquery-n,
1110 repoquery-na and repoquery-nevra that allow the specification of
1111 an exact argument in the NEVRA format (does not affect arguments
1112 of options like --whatprovides <arg>, ...).
1113 Select Options
1115 Together with <package-file-spec>, control what packages are displayed
1116 in the output. If <package-file-spec> is given, limits the resulting
1117 set of packages to those matching the specification. All packages are
1118 considered if no <package-file-spec> is specified.
1119 <package-file-spec>
1121 Package specification in the NEVRA format (name[-[epoch:]ver‐
1122 sion[-release]][.arch]), a package provide or a file provide.
1123 See Specifying Packages.
1124 -a, --all
1126 Query all packages (for rpmquery compatibility, also a shorthand
1127 for repoquery '*' or repoquery without arguments).
1128 --arch <arch>[,<arch>...], --archlist <arch>[,<arch>...]
1130 Limit the resulting set only to packages of selected architec‐
1131 tures (default is all architectures). In some cases the result
1132 is affected by the basearch of the running system, therefore to
1133 run repoquery for an arch incompatible with your system use the
1134 --forcearch=<arch> option to change the basearch.
1135 --duplicates
1137 Limit the resulting set to installed duplicate packages (i.e.
1138 more package versions for the same name and architecture).
1139 Installonly packages are excluded from this set.
1140 --unneeded
1142 Limit the resulting set to leaves packages that were installed
1143 as dependencies so they are no longer needed. This switch lists
1144 packages that are going to be removed after executing the dnf
1145 autoremove command.
1146 --available
1148 Limit the resulting set to available packages only (set by
1149 default).
1150 --disable-modular-filtering
1152 Disables filtering of modular packages, so that packages of
1153 inactive module streams are included in the result.
1154 --extras
1156 Limit the resulting set to packages that are not present in any
1157 of the available repositories.
1158 -f <file>, --file <file>
1160 Limit the resulting set only to the package that owns <file>.
1161 --installed
1163 Limit the resulting set to installed packages only. The exclude
1164 option in the configuration file might influence the result, but
1165 if the command line option --disableexcludes is used, it
1166 ensures that all installed packages will be listed.
1167 --installonly
1169 Limit the resulting set to installed installonly packages.
1170 --latest-limit <number>
1172 Limit the resulting set to <number> of latest packages for every
1173 package name and architecture. If <number> is negative, skip
1174 <number> of latest packages. For a negative <number> use the
1175 --latest-limit=<number> syntax.
1176 --recent
1178 Limit the resulting set to packages that were recently edited.
1179 --repo <repoid>
1181 Limit the resulting set only to packages from a repository iden‐
1182 tified by <repoid>. Can be used multiple times with accumula‐
1183 tive effect.
1184 --unsatisfied
1186 Report unsatisfied dependencies among installed packages (i.e.
1187 missing requires and and existing conflicts).
1188 --upgrades
1190 Limit the resulting set to packages that provide an upgrade for
1191 some already installed package.
1192 --userinstalled
1194 Limit the resulting set to packages installed by the user. The
1195 exclude option in the configuration file might influence the
1196 result, but if the command line option --disableexcludes is
1197 used, it ensures that all installed packages will be listed.
1198 --whatdepends <capability>
1200 Limit the resulting set only to packages that require, enhance,
1201 recommend, suggest or supplement <capability>.
1202 --whatconflicts <capability>
1204 Limit the resulting set only to packages that conflict <capabil‐
1205 ity>.
1206 --whatenhances <capability>
1208 Limit the resulting set only to packages that enhance <capabil‐
1209 ity>. Use --whatdepends if you want to list all depending pack‐
1210 ages.
1211 --whatobsoletes <capability>
1213 Limit the resulting set only to packages that obsolete <capabil‐
1214 ity>.
1215 --whatprovides <capability>
1217 Limit the resulting set only to packages that provide <capabil‐
1218 ity>.
1219 --whatrecommends <capability>
1221 Limit the resulting set only to packages that recommend <capa‐
1222 bility>. Use --whatdepends if you want to list all depending
1223 packages.
1224 --whatrequires <capability>
1226 Limit the resulting set only to packages that require <capabil‐
1227 ity>. Use --whatdepends if you want to list all depending pack‐
1228 ages.
1229 --whatsuggests <capability>
1231 Limit the resulting set only to packages that suggest <capabil‐
1232 ity>. Use --whatdepends if you want to list all depending pack‐
1233 ages.
1234 --whatsupplements <capability>
1236 Limit the resulting set only to packages that supplement <capa‐
1237 bility>. Use --whatdepends if you want to list all depending
1238 packages.
1239 --alldeps
1241 This option is stackable with --whatrequires or --whatdepends
1242 only. Additionally it adds all packages requiring the package
1243 features to the result set (used as default).
1244 --exactdeps
1246 This option is stackable with --whatrequires or --whatdepends
1247 only. Limit the resulting set only to packages that require
1248 <capability> specified by --whatrequires.
1249 --srpm Operate on the corresponding source RPM.
1251 Query Options
1253 Set what information is displayed about each package.
1254 The following are mutually exclusive, i.e. at most one can be speci‐
1256 fied. If no query option is given, matching packages are displayed in
1257 the standard NEVRA notation.
1258 -i, --info
1260 Show detailed information about the package.
1261 -l, --list
1263 Show the list of files in the package.
1264 -s, --source
1266 Show the package source RPM name.
1267 --changelogs
1269 Print the package changelogs.
1270 --conflicts
1272 Display capabilities that the package conflicts with. Same as
1273 --qf "%{conflicts}.
1274 --depends
1276 Display capabilities that the package depends on, enhances, rec‐
1277 ommends, suggests or supplements.
1278 --enhances
1280 Display capabilities enhanced by the package. Same as --qf
1281 "%{enhances}"".
1282 --location
1284 Show a location where the package could be downloaded from.
1285 --obsoletes
1287 Display capabilities that the package obsoletes. Same as --qf
1288 "%{obsoletes}".
1289 --provides
1291 Display capabilities provided by the package. Same as --qf
1292 "%{provides}".
1293 --recommends
1295 Display capabilities recommended by the package. Same as --qf
1296 "%{recommends}".
1297 --requires
1299 Display capabilities that the package depends on. Same as --qf
1300 "%{requires}".
1301 --requires-pre
1303 Display capabilities that the package depends on for running a
1304 %pre script. Same as --qf "%{requires-pre}".
1305 --suggests
1307 Display capabilities suggested by the package. Same as --qf
1308 "%{suggests}".
1309 --supplements
1311 Display capabilities supplemented by the package. Same as --qf
1312 "%{supplements}".
1313 --tree Display a recursive tree of packages with capabilities specified
1315 by one of the following supplementary options: --whatrequires,
1316 --requires, --conflicts, --enhances, --suggests, --provides,
1317 --supplements, --recommends.
1318 --deplist
1320 Produce a list of all direct dependencies and what packages pro‐
1321 vide those dependencies for the given packages. The result only
1322 shows the newest providers (which can be changed by using --ver‐
1323 bose).
1324 --nvr Show found packages in the name-version-release format. Same as
1326 --qf "%{name}-%{version}-%{release}".
1327 --nevra
1329 Show found packages in the name-epoch:version-release.architec‐
1330 ture format. Same as --qf "%{name}-%{epoch}:%{ver‐
1331 sion}-%{release}.%{arch}" (default).
1332 --envra
1334 Show found packages in the epoch:name-version-release.architec‐
1335 ture format. Same as --qf "%{epoch}:%{name}-%{ver‐
1336 sion}-%{release}.%{arch}"
1337 --qf <format>, --queryformat <format>
1339 Custom display format. <format> is the string to output for each
1340 matched package. Every occurrence of %{<tag>} within is replaced
1341 by the corresponding attribute of the package. The list of rec‐
1342 ognized tags can be displayed by running dnf repoquery --query‐
1343 tags.
1344 --recursive
1346 Query packages recursively. Has to be used with --whatrequires
1347 <REQ> (optionally with --alldeps, but not with --exactdeps) or
1348 with --requires <REQ> --resolve.
1349 --resolve
1351 resolve capabilities to originating package(s).
1352 Examples
1354 Display NEVRAs of all available packages matching light*:
1355 dnf repoquery 'light*'
1357 Display NEVRAs of all available packages matching name light* and
1359 architecture noarch (accepts only arguments in the "<name>.<arch>" for‐
1360 mat):
1361 dnf repoquery-na 'light*.noarch'
1363 Display requires of all lighttpd packages:
1365 dnf repoquery --requires lighttpd
1367 Display packages providing the requires of python packages:
1369 dnf repoquery --requires python --resolve
1371 Display source rpm of ligttpd package:
1373 dnf repoquery --source lighttpd
1375 Display package name that owns the given file:
1377 dnf repoquery --file /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf
1379 Display name, architecture and the containing repository of all
1381 lighttpd packages:
1382 dnf repoquery --queryformat '%{name}.%{arch} : %{reponame}' lighttpd
1384 Display all available packages providing "webserver":
1386 dnf repoquery --whatprovides webserver
1388 Display all available packages providing "webserver" but only for
1390 "i686" architecture:
1391 dnf repoquery --whatprovides webserver --arch i686
1393 Display duplicate packages:
1395 dnf repoquery --duplicates
1397 Display source packages that require a <provide> for a build:
1399 dnf repoquery --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=*-source --arch=src --whatrequires <provide>
1401 Repo-Pkgs Command
1403 dnf [options] repo-pkgs
1404 Deprecated alias for the Repository-Packages Command.
1405 Repository-Packages Command
1407 The repository-packages command allows the user to run commands on top
1408 of all packages in the repository named <repoid>. However, any depen‐
1409 dency resolution takes into account packages from all enabled reposito‐
1410 ries. The <package-file-spec> and <package-spec> specifications further
1411 limit the candidates to only those packages matching at least one of
1412 them.
1413 The info subcommand lists description and summary information about
1415 packages depending on the packages' relation to the repository. The
1416 list subcommand just prints lists of those packages.
1417 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> check-update [<pack‐
1419 age-file-spec>...]
1420 Non-interactively checks if updates of the specified packages in
1421 the repository are available. DNF exit code will be 100 when
1422 there are updates available and a list of the updates will be
1423 printed.
1424 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> info [--all] [<pack‐
1426 age-file-spec>...]
1427 List all related packages.
1428 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> info --installed [<pack‐
1430 age-file-spec>...]
1431 List packages installed from the repository.
1432 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> info --available [<pack‐
1434 age-file-spec>...]
1435 List packages available in the repository but not currently
1436 installed on the system.
1437 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> info --extras [<pack‐
1439 age-file-specs>...]
1440 List packages installed from the repository that are not avail‐
1441 able in any repository.
1442 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> info --obsoletes [<pack‐
1444 age-file-spec>...]
1445 List packages in the repository that obsolete packages installed
1446 on the system.
1447 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> info --recent [<pack‐
1449 age-file-spec>...]
1450 List packages recently added into the repository.
1451 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> info --upgrades [<pack‐
1453 age-file-spec>...]
1454 List packages in the repository that upgrade packages installed
1455 on the system.
1456 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> install [<package-spec>...]
1458 Install all packages in the repository.
1459 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> list [--all] [<pack‐
1461 age-file-spec>...]
1462 List all related packages.
1463 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> list --installed [<pack‐
1465 age-file-spec>...]
1466 List packages installed from the repository.
1467 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> list --available [<pack‐
1469 age-file-spec>...]
1470 List packages available in the repository but not currently
1471 installed on the system.
1472 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> list --extras [<pack‐
1474 age-file-spec>...]
1475 List packages installed from the repository that are not avail‐
1476 able in any repository.
1477 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> list --obsoletes [<pack‐
1479 age-file-spec>...]
1480 List packages in the repository that obsolete packages installed
1481 on the system.
1482 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> list --recent [<pack‐
1484 age-file-spec>...]
1485 List packages recently added into the repository.
1486 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> list --upgrades [<pack‐
1488 age-file-spec>...]
1489 List packages in the repository that upgrade packages installed
1490 on the system.
1491 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> move-to [<package-spec>...]
1493 Reinstall all those packages that are available in the reposi‐
1494 tory.
1495 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> reinstall [<pack‐
1497 age-spec>...]
1498 Run the reinstall-old subcommand. If it fails, run the move-to
1499 subcommand.
1500 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> reinstall-old [<pack‐
1502 age-spec>...]
1503 Reinstall all those packages that were installed from the repos‐
1504 itory and simultaneously are available in the repository.
1505 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> remove [<package-spec>...]
1507 Remove all packages installed from the repository along with any
1508 packages depending on the packages being removed. If
1509 clean_requirements_on_remove is enabled (the default) also
1510 removes any dependencies that are no longer needed.
1511 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> remove-or-distro-sync
1513 [<package-spec>...]
1514 Select all packages installed from the repository. Upgrade,
1515 downgrade or keep those of them that are available in another
1516 repository to match the latest version available there and
1517 remove the others along with any packages depending on the pack‐
1518 ages being removed. If clean_requirements_on_remove is enabled
1519 (the default) also removes any dependencies that are no longer
1520 needed.
1521 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> remove-or-reinstall [<pack‐
1523 age-spec>...]
1524 Select all packages installed from the repository. Reinstall
1525 those of them that are available in another repository and
1526 remove the others along with any packages depending on the pack‐
1527 ages being removed. If clean_requirements_on_remove is enabled
1528 (the default) also removes any dependencies that are no longer
1529 needed.
1530 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> upgrade [<package-spec>...]
1532 Update all packages to the highest resolvable version available
1533 in the repository.
1534 dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> upgrade-to <pack‐
1536 age-nevr-specs>...
1537 Update packages to the specified versions that are available in
1538 the repository. Upgrade-to is a deprecated alias for the upgrade
1539 subcommand.
1540 Search Command
1542 dnf [options] search [--all] <keywords>...
1543 Search package metadata for keywords. Keywords are matched as
1544 case-insensitive substrings, globbing is supported. By default
1545 lists packages that match all requested keys (AND operation).
1546 Keys are searched in package names and summaries. If the
1547 "--all" option is used, lists packages that match at least one
1548 of the keys (an OR operation). In addition the keys are
1549 searched in the package descriptions and URLs. The result is
1550 sorted from the most relevant results to the least.
1551 This command by default does not force a sync of expired metadata. See
1553 also Metadata Synchronization.
1554 Shell Command
1556 dnf [options] shell [filename]
1557 Open an interactive shell for conducting multiple commands dur‐
1558 ing a single execution of DNF. These commands can be issued man‐
1559 ually or passed to DNF from a file. The commands are much the
1560 same as the normal DNF command line options. There are a few
1561 additional commands documented below.
1562 config [conf-option] [value]
1564 · Set a configuration option to a requested value. If no
1566 value is given it prints the current value.
1567 repo [list|enable|disable] [repo-id]
1569 · list: list repositories and their status
1571 · enable: enable repository
1573 · disable: disable repository
1575 transaction [list|reset|solve|run]
1577 · list: resolve and list the content of the transaction
1579 · reset: reset the transaction
1581 · run: resolve and run the transaction
1583 Swap Command
1585 dnf [options] swap <remove-spec> <install-spec>
1586 Remove spec and install spec in one transaction. Each <spec> can be
1587 either a <package-spec>, which specifies a package directly, or a
1588 @<group-spec>, which specifies an (environment) group which contains
1589 it. Automatic conflict solving is provided in DNF by the --allow‐
1590 erasing option that provides the functionality of the swap command
1591 automatically.
1592 Update Command
1594 dnf [options] update
1595 Deprecated alias for the Upgrade Command.
1596 Updateinfo Command
1598 dnf [options] updateinfo [--summary|--list|--info] [<availability>]
1599 [<spec>...]
1600 Display information about update advisories.
1601 Depending on the output type, DNF displays just counts of advi‐
1603 sory types (omitted or --summary), list of advisories (--list)
1604 or detailed information (--info). When the -v option is used
1605 with --info, the information is even more detailed.
1606 <availability> specifies whether advisories about newer versions
1608 of installed packages (omitted or --available), advisories about
1609 equal and older versions of installed packages (--installed),
1610 advisories about newer versions of those installed packages for
1611 which a newer version is available (--updates) or advisories
1612 about any versions of installed packages (--all) are taken into
1613 account. Most of the time, --available and --updates displays
1614 the same output. The outputs differ only in the cases when an
1615 advisory refers to a newer version but there is no enabled
1616 repository which contains any newer version.
1617 Note, that --available tooks only the latest installed versions
1619 of packages into account. In case of the kernel packages (when
1620 multiple version could be installed simultaneously) also pack‐
1621 ages of the currently running version of kernel are added.
1622 To print only advisories referencing a CVE or a bugzilla use
1624 --with-cve or --with-bz options. When these switches are used
1625 also the output of the --list is altered - the ID of the CVE or
1626 the bugzilla is printed instead of the one of the advisory.
1627 If given and if neither ID, type (bugfix, enhancement, secu‐
1629 rity/sec) nor a package name of an advisory matches <spec>, the
1630 advisory is not taken into account. The matching is case-sensi‐
1631 tive and in the case of advisory IDs and package names, globbing
1632 is supported.
1633 Output of the --summary option is affected by the autocheck_run‐
1635 ning_kernel configuration option.
1636 Update-Minimal Command
1638 dnf [options] update-minimal
1639 Deprecated alias for the Upgrade-Minimal Command.
1640 Upgrade Command
1642 dnf [options] upgrade
1643 Updates each package to the latest version that is both avail‐
1644 able and resolvable.
1645 dnf [options] upgrade <package-spec>...
1647 Updates each specified package to the latest available version.
1648 Updates dependencies as necessary.
1649 dnf [options] upgrade <package-nevr-specs>...
1651 Upgrades packages to the specified versions.
1652 dnf [options] upgrade @<spec>...
1654 Alias for the dnf module update command.
1655 If the main obsoletes configure option is true or the --obsoletes flag
1657 is present, dnf will include package obsoletes in its calculations.
1658 For more information see obsoletes.
1659 See also Configuration Files Replacement Policy.
1661 Upgrade-Minimal Command
1663 dnf [options] upgrade-minimal
1664 Updates each package to the latest available version that pro‐
1665 vides a bugfix, enhancement or a fix for a security issue (secu‐
1666 rity).
1667 dnf [options] upgrade-minimal <package-spec>...
1669 Updates each specified package to the latest available version
1670 that provides a bugfix, enhancement or a fix for security issue
1671 (security). Updates dependencies as necessary.
1672 Update-To Command
1674 dnf [options] update-to <package-nevr-specs>...
1675 Deprecated alias for the Upgrade Command.
1676 Upgrade-To Command
1678 dnf [options] upgrade-to <package-nevr-specs>...
1679 Deprecated alias for the Upgrade Command.
1680
1682 Many commands take a <package-spec> parameter that selects a package
1683 for the operation. The <package-spec> argument is matched against pack‐
1684 age NEVRAs, provides and file provides.
1685 <package-file-spec> is similar to <package-spec>, except provides
1687 matching is not performed. Therefore, <package-file-spec> is matched
1688 only against NEVRAs and file provides.
1689 <package-name-spec> is matched against NEVRAs only.
1691 Globs
1693 Package specification supports the same glob pattern matching that
1694 shell does, in all three above mentioned packages it matches against
1695 (NEVRAs, provides and file provides).
1696 The following patterns are supported:
1698 * Matches any number of characters.
1700 ? Matches any single character.
1702 [] Matches any one of the enclosed characters. A pair of characters
1704 separated by a hyphen denotes a range expression; any character
1705 that falls between those two characters, inclusive, is matched.
1706 If the first character following the [ is a ! or a ^ then any
1707 character not enclosed is matched.
1708 {} Matches any of the comma separated list of enclosed strings.
1710 NEVRA Matching
1712 When matching against NEVRAs, partial matching is supported. DNF tries
1713 to match the spec against the following list of NEVRA forms (in
1714 decreasing order of priority):
1715 · name-[epoch:]version-release.arch
1717 · name.arch
1719 · name
1721 · name-[epoch:]version-release
1723 · name-[epoch:]version
1725 Note that name can in general contain dashes (e.g. pack‐
1727 age-with-dashes).
1728 The first form that matches any packages is used and the remaining
1730 forms are not tried. If none of the forms match any packages, an
1731 attempt is made to match the <package-spec> against full package
1732 NEVRAs. This is only relevant if globs are present in the <pack‐
1733 age-spec>.
1734 <package-spec> matches NEVRAs the same way <package-name-spec> does,
1736 but in case matching NEVRAs fails, it attempts to match against pro‐
1737 vides and file provides of packages as well.
1738 You can specify globs as part of any of the five NEVRA components. You
1740 can also specify a glob pattern to match over multiple NEVRA components
1741 (in other words, to match across the NEVRA separators). In that case,
1742 however, you need to write the spec to match against full package
1743 NEVRAs, as it is not possible to split such spec into NEVRA forms.
1744
1746 Commands accepting the <package-nevr-spec> parameter need not only the
1747 name of the package, but also its version, release and optionally the
1748 architecture. Further, the version part can be preceded by an epoch
1749 when it is relevant (i.e. the epoch is non-zero).
1750
1752 <provide-spec> in command descriptions means the command operates on
1753 packages providing the given spec. This can either be an explicit pro‐
1754 vide, an implicit provide (i.e. name of the package) or a file provide.
1755 The selection is case-sensitive and globbing is supported.
1756
1758 <group-spec> allows one to select (environment) groups a particular
1759 operation should work on. It is a case insensitive string (supporting
1760 globbing characters) that is matched against a group's ID, canonical
1761 name and name translated into the current LC_MESSAGES locale (if possi‐
1762 ble).
1763
1765 <module-spec> allows one to select modules or profiles a particular
1766 operation should work on.
1767 It is in the form of NAME:STREAM:VERSION:CONTEXT:ARCH/PROFILE and sup‐
1769 ported partial forms are the following:
1770 · NAME
1772 · NAME:STREAM
1774 · NAME:STREAM:VERSION
1776 · NAME:STREAM:VERSION:CONTEXT
1778 · all above combinations with ::ARCH (e.g. NAME::ARCH)
1780 · NAME:STREAM:VERSION:CONTEXT:ARCH
1782 · all above combinations with /PROFILE (e.g. NAME/PROFILE)
1784 In case stream is not specified, the enabled or the default stream is
1786 used, in this order. In case profile is not specified, the system
1787 default profile or the 'default' profile is used.
1788
1790 <transaction-spec> can be in one of several forms. If it is an integer,
1791 it specifies a transaction ID. Specifying last is the same as specify‐
1792 ing the ID of the most recent transaction. The last form is last-<off‐
1793 set>, where <offset> is a positive integer. It specifies offset-th
1794 transaction preceding the most recent transaction.
1795
1797 Package filtering filters packages out from the available package set,
1798 making them invisible to most of dnf commands. They cannot be used in a
1799 transaction. Packages can be filtered out by either Exclude Filtering
1800 or Modular Filtering.
1801 Exclude Filtering
1803 Exclude Filtering is a mechanism used by a user or by a DNF plugin to
1804 modify the set of available packages. Exclude Filtering can be modified
1805 by either includepkgs or excludepkgs configuration options in configu‐
1806 ration files. The --disableexcludes command line option can be used to
1807 override excludes from configuration files. In addition to user-config‐
1808 ured excludes, plugins can also extend the set of excluded packages. To
1809 disable excludes from a DNF plugin you can use the --disableplugin com‐
1810 mand line option.
1811 To disable all excludes for e.g. the install command you can use the
1813 following combination of command line options:
1814 dnf --disableexcludes=all --disableplugin=* install bash
1816 Modular Filtering
1818 Please see the modularity documentation for details on how Modular Fil‐
1819 tering works.
1820 With modularity, only RPM packages from active module streams are
1822 included in the available package set. RPM packages from inactive mod‐
1823 ule streams, as well as non-modular packages with the same name or pro‐
1824 vides as a package from an active module stream, are filtered out. Mod‐
1825 ular filtering is not applied to packages added from the command line,
1826 installed packages, or packages from repositories with module_hot‐
1827 fixes=true in their .repo file.
1828 Disabling of modular filtering is not recommended, because it could
1830 cause the system to get into a broken state. To disable modular filter‐
1831 ing for a particular repository, specify module_hotfixes=true in the
1832 .repo file or use --setopt=<repo_id>.module_hotfixes=true.
1833 To discover the module which contains an excluded package use dnf mod‐
1835 ule provides.
1836
1838 Correct operation of DNF depends on having access to up-to-date data
1839 from all enabled repositories but contacting remote mirrors on every
1840 operation considerably slows it down and costs bandwidth for both the
1841 client and the repository provider. The metadata_expire (see
1842 dnf.conf(5)) repository configuration option is used by DNF to deter‐
1843 mine whether a particular local copy of repository data is due to be
1844 re-synced. It is crucial that the repository providers set the option
1845 well, namely to a value where it is guaranteed that if particular meta‐
1846 data was available in time T on the server, then all packages it refer‐
1847 ences will still be available for download from the server in time T +
1848 metadata_expire.
1849 To further reduce the bandwidth load, some of the commands where having
1851 up-to-date metadata is not critical (e.g. the list command) do not look
1852 at whether a repository is expired and whenever any version of it is
1853 locally available to the user's account, it will be used. For non-root
1854 use, see also the --cacheonly switch. Note that in all situations the
1855 user can force synchronization of all enabled repositories with the
1856 --refresh switch.
1857
1859 The updated packages could replace the old modified configuration files
1860 with the new ones or keep the older files. Neither of the files are
1861 actually replaced. To the conflicting ones RPM gives additional suffix
1862 to the origin name. Which file should maintain the true name after
1863 transaction is not controlled by package manager but is specified by
1864 each package itself, following packaging guideline.
1865
1867 Cache Files
1868 /var/cache/dnf
1869 Main Configuration
1871 /etc/dnf/dnf.conf
1872 Repository
1874 /etc/yum.repos.d/
1875
1877 · dnf.conf(5), DNF Configuration Reference
1878 · dnf-PLUGIN(8) for documentation on DNF plugins.
1880 · dnf.modularity(7), Modularity overview.
1882 · DNF project homepage (‐
1884 https://github.com/rpm-software-management/dnf/)
1885 · How to report a bug (‐
1887 https://github.com/rpm-software-management/dnf/wiki/Bug-Reporting)
1888 · YUM project homepage (http://yum.baseurl.org/)
1890
1892 See AUTHORS in DNF source distribution.
1893
1895 2012-2019, Red Hat, Licensed under GPLv2+
18964.2.17 Nov 29, 2019 DNF(8)