1OPAM-INIT(1) Opam Manual OPAM-INIT(1)
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6 opam-init - Initialize opam state, or set init options.
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9 opam init [OPTION]... [NAME] [ADDRESS]
10
12 Initialise the opam state, or update opam init options
13 The init command initialises a local "opam root" (by default, ~/.opam/)
15 that holds opam's data and packages. This is a necessary step for
16 normal operation of opam. The initial software repositories are
17 fetched, and an initial 'switch' can also be installed, according to
18 the configuration and options. These can be afterwards configured using
19 opam switch and opam repository.
20 The initial repository and defaults can be set through a configuration
22 file found at ~/.opamrc or /etc/opamrc.
23 Additionally, this command allows one to customise some aspects of
25 opam's shell integration, when run initially (avoiding the interactive
26 dialog), but also at any later time.
27
29 ADDRESS
30 Address of the initial package repository, when creating a new opam
31 root.
32 NAME (absent=default)
34 Name of the initial repository, when creating a new opam root.
35
37 -a, --auto-setup
38 Automatically do a full setup, including adding a line to your
39 shell init files.
40 --bare
42 Initialise the opam state, but don't setup any compiler switch yet.
43 --bypass-checks
45 Skip checks on required or recommended tools, and assume everything
46 is fine
47 -c PACKAGE, --compiler=PACKAGE
49 Set the compiler to install (when creating an initial switch)
50 --config=FILE
52 Use the given init config file. If repeated, latest has the highest
53 priority (i.e. each field gets its value from where it was defined
54 last). Specifying a URL pointing to a config file instead is
55 allowed.
56 --disable-completion
58 Disable shell completion in opam init scripts.
59 --disable-sandboxing
61 Use a default configuration with sandboxing disabled (note that
62 this may be overridden by `opamrc' if --no-opamrc is not specified
63 or --config is used). Use this at your own risk, without sandboxing
64 it is possible for a broken package script to delete all your
65 files.
66 --disable-shell-hook
68 Disable registration of a shell hook in opam init scripts.
69 --dot-profile=FILENAME
71 Name of the configuration file to update instead of ~/.profile or
72 ~/.zshrc based on shell detection.
73 --enable-completion
75 Setup shell completion in opam init scripts, for supported shells.
76 --enable-shell-hook
78 Setup opam init scripts to register a shell hook that will
79 automatically keep the shell environment up-to-date at every
80 prompt.
81 -i, --interactive
83 Run the setup interactively (this is the default for an initial
84 run, or when no more specific options are specified)
85 -j JOBS, --jobs=JOBS
87 Set the maximal number of concurrent jobs to use. The default value
88 is calculated from the number of cores. You can also set it using
89 the $OPAMJOBS environment variable.
90 -k KIND, --kind=KIND
92 Specify the kind of the repository to be used (one of `http',
93 `local', `git', `darcs' or `hg').
94 -n, --no-setup
96 Do not update the user shell configuration to setup opam. Also
97 implies --disable-shell-hook, unless --interactive or specified
98 otherwise
99 --no-opamrc
101 Don't read `/etc/opamrc' or `~/.opamrc': use the default settings
102 and the files specified through --config only
103 --reinit
105 Re-run the initial checks and setup, according to opamrc, even if
106 this is not a new opam root
107 --shell=SHELL
109 Sets the configuration mode for opam environment appropriate for
110 SHELL. One of one of `bash', `sh', `csh', `zsh' or `fish'. Guessed
111 from the parent processes and the $SHELL variable by default.
112 --shell-setup
114 Automatically setup the user shell configuration for opam, e.g.
115 adding a line to the `~/.profile' file.
116 --show-default-opamrc
118 Print the built-in default configuration to stdout and exit
119
121 Any field from the built-in initial configuration can be overridden
122 through ~/.opamrc, /etc/opamrc, or a file supplied with --config. The
123 default configuration for this version of opam can be obtained using
124 --show-default-opamrc.
125
127 -b, --keep-build-dir
128 Keep the build directories after compiling packages. This is
129 equivalent to setting $OPAMKEEPBUILDDIR to "true".
130 -d, --with-doc, --build-doc
132 Build the package documentation. This only affects packages listed
133 on the command-line. The --build-doc form is deprecated as this
134 does also installation. This is equivalent to setting $OPAMWITHDOC
135 (or the deprecated $OPAMBUILDDOC) to "true".
136 --dry-run
138 Simulate the command, but don't actually perform any changes. This
139 also can be set with environment variable $OPAMDEBUG.
140 --fake
142 This option registers the actions into the opam database, without
143 actually performing them. WARNING: This option is dangerous and
144 likely to break your opam environment. You probably want
145 `--dry-run'. You've been warned.
146 --ignore-constraints-on[=PACKAGES] (default=)
148 Forces opam to ignore version constraints on all dependencies to
149 the listed packages. This can be used to test compatibility, but
150 expect builds to break when using this. Note that version
151 constraints on optional dependencies and conflicts are unaffected.
152 This is equivalent to setting $OPAMIGNORECONSTRAINTS.
153 --inplace-build
155 When compiling a package which has its source bound to a local
156 directory, process the build and install actions directly in that
157 directory, rather than in a clean copy handled by opam. This only
158 affects packages that are explicitly listed on the command-line.
159 This is equivalent to setting $OPAMINPLACEBUILD to "true".
160 --locked[=SUFFIX] (default=locked)
162 In commands that use opam files found from pinned sources, if a
163 variant of the file with an added .SUFFIX extension is found (e.g.
164 foo.opam.locked besides foo.opam), that will be used instead. This
165 is typically useful to offer a more specific set of dependencies
166 and reproduce similar build contexts, hence the name. The opam lock
167 plugin can be used to generate such files, based on the versions of
168 the dependencies currently installed on the host. This is
169 equivalent to setting the $OPAMLOCKED environment variable. Note
170 that this option doesn't generally affect already pinned packages.
171 -m MAKE, --make=MAKE
173 Use MAKE as the default 'make' command. Deprecated: use opam config
174 set[-global] make MAKE instead. Has no effect if the make variable
175 is defined.
176 --no-checksums
178 Do not verify the checksum of downloaded archives.This is
179 equivalent to setting $OPAMNOCHECKSUMS to "true".
180 --require-checksums
182 Reject the installation of packages that don't provide a checksum
183 for the upstream archives. This is equivalent to setting
184 $OPAMREQUIRECHECKSUMS to "true".
185 --reuse-build-dir
187 Reuse existing build directories (kept by using --keep-build-dir),
188 instead of compiling from a fresh clone of the source. This can be
189 faster, but also lead to failures if the build systems of the
190 packages don't handle upgrades of dependencies well. This is
191 equivalent to setting $OPAMREUSEBUILDDIR to "true".
192 --show-actions
194 Call the solver and display the actions. Don't perform any changes.
195 This is equivalent to setting $OPAMSHOW.
196 --skip-updates
198 When running an install, upgrade or reinstall on source-pinned
199 packages, they are normally updated from their origin first. This
200 flag disables that behaviour and will keep them to their version in
201 cache. This is equivalent to setting $OPAMSKIPUPDATE.
202 -t, --with-test, --build-test
204 Build and run the package unit-tests. This only affects packages
205 listed on the command-line. The --build-test form is deprecated as
206 this also affects installation. This is equivalent to setting
207 $OPAMWITHTEST (or the deprecated $OPAMBUILDTEST) to "true".
208 --unlock-base
210 Allow changes to the packages set as switch base (typically, the
211 main compiler). Use with caution. This is equivalent to setting the
212 $OPAMUNLOCKBASE environment variable
213
215 These options are common to all commands.
216 --best-effort
218 Don't fail if all requested packages can't be installed: try to
219 install as many as possible. Note that not all external solvers may
220 support this option (recent versions of aspcud or mccs should).
221 This is equivalent to setting $OPAMBESTEFFORT environment variable.
222 --color=WHEN
224 Colorize the output. WHEN must be one of `always', `never' or
225 `auto'.
226 --criteria=CRITERIA
228 Specify user preferences for dependency solving for this run.
229 Overrides both $OPAMCRITERIA and $OPAMUPGRADECRITERIA. For details
230 on the supported language, and the external solvers available, see
231 http://opam.ocaml.org/doc/External_solvers.html. A general guide to
232 using solver preferences can be found at
233 http://www.dicosmo.org/Articles/usercriteria.pdf.
234 --cudf=FILENAME
236 Debug option: Save the CUDF requests sent to the solver to
237 FILENAME-<n>.cudf.
238 --debug
240 Print debug message to stderr. This is equivalent to setting
241 $OPAMDEBUG to "true".
242 --debug-level=LEVEL
244 Like --debug, but allows specifying the debug level (--debug sets
245 it to 1). Equivalent to setting $OPAMDEBUG to a positive integer.
246 --git-version
248 Print the git version of opam, if set (i.e. you are using a
249 development version), and exit.
250 --help[=FMT] (default=auto)
252 Show this help in format FMT. The value FMT must be one of `auto',
253 `pager', `groff' or `plain'. With `auto', the format is `pager` or
254 `plain' whenever the TERM env var is `dumb' or undefined.
255 --ignore-pin-depends
257 Ignore extra pins required by packages that get pinned, either
258 manually through opam pin or through opam install DIR. This is
259 equivalent to setting IGNOREPINDEPENDS=true.
260 --json=FILENAME
262 Save the results of the opam run in a computer-readable file. If
263 the filename contains the character `%', it will be replaced by an
264 index that doesn't overwrite an existing file. Similar to setting
265 the $OPAMJSON variable.
266 --no-aspcud
268 Deprecated.
269 --no-auto-upgrade
271 When configuring or updating a repository that is written for an
272 earlier opam version (1.2), opam internally converts it to the
273 current format. This disables this behaviour. Note that
274 repositories should define their format version in a 'repo' file at
275 their root, or they will be assumed to be in the older format. It
276 is, in any case, preferable to upgrade the repositories manually
277 using opam admin upgrade [--mirror URL] when possible.
278 --no-self-upgrade
280 Opam will replace itself with a newer binary found at OPAMROOT/opam
281 if present. This disables this behaviour.
282 -q, --quiet
284 Disables --verbose.
285 --root=ROOT
287 Use ROOT as the current root path. This is equivalent to setting
288 $OPAMROOT to ROOT.
289 --safe, --readonly
291 Make sure nothing will be automatically updated or rewritten.
292 Useful for calling from completion scripts, for example. Will fail
293 whenever such an operation is needed ; also avoids waiting for
294 locks, skips interactive questions and overrides the $OPAMDEBUG
295 variable. This is equivalent to set environment variable $OPAMSAFE.
296 --solver=CMD
298 Specify the CUDF solver to use for resolving package installation
299 problems. This is either a predefined solver (this version of opam
300 supports builtin-mccs+lp(), builtin-mccs+glpk, aspcud, mccs,
301 aspcud-old, packup), or a custom command that should contain the
302 variables %{input}%, %{output}%, %{criteria}%, and optionally
303 %{timeout}%. This is equivalent to setting $OPAMEXTERNALSOLVER.
304 --strict
306 Fail whenever an error is found in a package definition or a
307 configuration file. The default is to continue silently if
308 possible.
309 --switch=SWITCH
311 Use SWITCH as the current compiler switch. This is equivalent to
312 setting $OPAMSWITCH to SWITCH.
313 --use-internal-solver
315 Disable any external solver, and use the built-in one (this
316 requires that opam has been compiled with a built-in solver). This
317 is equivalent to setting $OPAMNOASPCUD or $OPAMUSEINTERNALSOLVER.
318 -v, --verbose
320 Be more verbose. One -v shows all package commands, repeat to also
321 display commands called internally (e.g. tar, curl, patch etc.)
322 Repeating n times is equivalent to setting $OPAMVERBOSE to "n".
323 --version
325 Show version information.
326 -w, --working-dir
328 Whenever updating packages that are bound to a local,
329 version-controlled directory, update to the current working state
330 of their source instead of the last committed state, or the ref
331 they are pointing to. This only affects packages explicitly listed
332 on the command-line.It can also be set with $OPAMWORKINGDIR.
333 -y, --yes
335 Answer yes to all yes/no questions without prompting. This is
336 equivalent to setting $OPAMYES to "true".
337
339 Opam makes use of the environment variables listed here. Boolean
340 variables should be set to "0", "no", "false" or the empty string to
341 disable, "1", "yes" or "true" to enable.
342 OPAMALLPARENS surround all filters with parenthesis
344 OPAMAUTOREMOVE see remove option `--auto-remove`
346 OPAMBESTEFFORT see option `--best-effort`
348 OPAMBESTEFFORTPREFIXCRITERIA sets the string that must be prepended to
350 the criteria when the `--best-effort` option is set, and is expected to
351 maximise the `opam-query` property in the solution
352 OPAMCOLOR, when set to always or never, sets a default value for the
354 --color option.
355 OPAMCRITERIA specifies user preferences for dependency solving. The
357 default value depends on the solver version, use `config report` to
358 know the current setting. See also option --criteria
359 OPAMCUDFFILE file save the cudf graph to file-actions-explicit.dot
361 OPAMCURL can be used to select a given 'curl' program. See OPAMFETCH
363 for more options.
364 OPAMDEBUG see options `--debug' and `--debug-level'.
366 OPAMDOWNLOADJOBS sets the maximum number of simultaneous downloads.
368 OPAMDRYRUN see option `--dry-run`
370 OPAMEDITOR sets the editor to use for opam file editing, overrides
372 $EDITOR and $VISUAL
373 OPAMERRLOGLEN sets the number of log lines printed when a sub-process
375 fails. 0 to print all.
376 OPAMEXTERNALSOLVER see option `--solver'.
378 OPAMFAKE see option `--fake`
380 OPAMFETCH specifies how to download files: either `wget', `curl' or a
382 custom command where variables %{url}%, %{out}%, %{retry}%,
383 %{compress}% and %{checksum}% will be replaced. Overrides the
384 'download-command' value from the main config file.
385 OPAMFIXUPCRITERIA same as OPAMUPGRADECRITERIA, but specific to fixup
387 OPAMIGNORECONSTRAINTS see install option `--ignore-constraints-on`
389 OPAMIGNOREPINDEPENDS see option `--ignore-pin-depends`
391 OPAMJOBS sets the maximum number of parallel workers to run.
393 OPAMJSON log json output to the given file (use character `%' to index
395 the files)
396 OPAMLOCKED see install option `--locked`
398 OPAMLOGS logdir sets log directory, default is a temporary directory in
400 /tmp
401 OPAMMAKECMD set the system make command to use
403 OPAMNOAUTOUPGRADE disables automatic internal upgrade of repositories
405 in an earlier format to the current one, on 'update' or 'init'.
406 OPAMKEEPLOGS tells opam to not remove some temporary command logs and
408 some backups. This skips some finalisers and may also help to get more
409 reliable backtraces
410 OPAMLOCKRETRIES sets the number of tries after which opam gives up
412 acquiring its lock and fails. <= 0 means infinite wait.
413 OPAMMERGEOUT merge process outputs, stderr on stdout
415 OPAMNO answer no to any question asked.
417 OPAMNOASPCUD Deprecated.
419 OPAMNOCHECKSUMS enables option --no-checksums when available.
421 OPAMNOSELFUPGRADE see option `--no-self-upgrade'.
423 OPAMPINKINDAUTO sets whether version control systems should be detected
425 when pinning to a local path. Enabled by default since 1.3.0.
426 OPAMPRECISETRACKING fine grain tracking of directories
428 OPAMREQUIRECHECKSUMS Enables option `--require-checksums' when
430 available (e.g. for `opam install`).
431 OPAMRETRES sets the number of tries before failing downloads.
433 OPAMROOT see option `--root'. This is automatically set by `opam env
435 --root=DIR --set-root'.
436 OPAMROOTISOK don't complain when running as root.
438 OPAMSAFE see option `--safe'
440 OPAMSHOW see option `--show`
442 OPAMSKIPUPDATE see option `--skip-updates`
444 OPAMSKIPVERSIONCHECKS bypasses some version checks. Unsafe, for
446 compatibility testing only.
447 OPAMSOLVERTIMEOUT change the time allowance of the solver. Default is
449 60.0, set to 0 for unlimited. Note that all solvers may not support
450 this option.
451 OPAMSTATUSLINE display a dynamic status line showing what's currently
453 going on on the terminal. (one of one of `always', `never' or `auto')
454 OPAMSTATS display stats at the end of command
456 OPAMSTRICT fail on inconsistencies (file reading, switch import, etc.)
458 OPAMSWITCH see option `--switch'. Automatically set by `opam env
460 --switch=SWITCH --set-switch'.
461 OPAMUNLOCKBASE see install option `--unlock-base`
463 OPAMUPGRADECRITERIA specifies user preferences for dependency solving
465 when performing an upgrade. Overrides OPAMCRITERIA in upgrades if both
466 are set. See also option --criteria
467 OPAMUSEINTERNALSOLVER see option `--use-internal-solver'.
469 OPAMUSEOPENSSL force openssl use for hash computing
471 OPAMUTF8 use UTF8 characters in output (one of one of `always', `never'
473 or `auto'). By default `auto', which is determined from the locale).
474 OPAMUTF8MSGS use extended UTF8 characters (camels) in opam messages.
476 Implies OPAMUTF8. This is set by default on OSX only.
477 OPAMVALIDATIONHOOK hook if set, uses the `%{hook%}` command to validate
479 an opam repository update
480 OPAMVAR_var overrides the contents of the variable var when
482 substituting `%{var}%` strings in `opam` files.
483 OPAMVAR_package_var overrides the contents of the variable package:var
485 when substituting `%{package:var}%` strings in `opam` files.
486 OPAMVERBOSE see option `--verbose'.
488 OPAMWORKINGDIR see option `--working-dir`
490 OPAMYES see option `--yes'.
492
494 As an exception to the following, the `exec' command returns 127 if the
495 command was not found or couldn't be executed, and the command's exit
496 value otherwise.
497 0 Success, or true for boolean queries.
499 1 False. Returned when a boolean return value is expected, e.g. when
501 running with --check, or for queries like opam lint.
502 2 Bad command-line arguments, or command-line arguments pointing to
504 an invalid context (e.g. file not following the expected format).
505 5 Not found. You requested something (package, version, repository,
507 etc.) that couldn't be found.
508 10 Aborted. The operation required confirmation, which wasn't given.
510 15 Could not acquire the locks required for the operation.
512 20 There is no solution to the user request. This can be caused by
514 asking to install two incompatible packages, for example.
515 30 Error in package definition, or other metadata files. Using
517 --strict raises this error more often.
518 31 Package script error. Some package operations were unsuccessful.
520 This may be an error in the packages or an incompatibility with
521 your system. This can be a partial error.
522 40 Sync error. Could not fetch some remotes from the network. This can
524 be a partial error.
525 50 Configuration error. Opam or system configuration doesn't allow
527 operation, and needs fixing.
528 60 Solver failure. The solver failed to return a sound answer. It can
530 be due to a broken external solver, or an error in solver
531 configuration.
532 99 Internal error. Something went wrong, likely due to a bug in opam
534 itself.
535 130 User interrupt. SIGINT was received, generally due to the user
537 pressing Ctrl-C.
538
540 See https://opam.ocaml.org/doc.
541
543 Vincent Bernardoff <vb@luminar.eu.org>
544 Raja Boujbel <raja.boujbel@ocamlpro.com>
545 Roberto Di Cosmo <roberto@dicosmo.org>
546 Thomas Gazagnaire <thomas@gazagnaire.org>
547 Louis Gesbert <louis.gesbert@ocamlpro.com>
548 Fabrice Le Fessant <Fabrice.Le_fessant@inria.fr>
549 Anil Madhavapeddy <anil@recoil.org>
550 Guillem Rieu <guillem.rieu@ocamlpro.com>
551 Ralf Treinen <ralf.treinen@pps.jussieu.fr>
552 Frederic Tuong <tuong@users.gforge.inria.fr>
553
555 Check bug reports at https://github.com/ocaml/opam/issues.
556Opam 2.0.6 OPAM-INIT(1)