expm1l(3)

1EXPM1(3)                   Linux Programmer's Manual                  EXPM1(3)
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NAME

6       expm1, expm1f, expm1l - exponential minus 1
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SYNOPSIS

9       #include <math.h>
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11       double expm1(double x);
12       float expm1f(float x);
13       long double expm1l(long double x);
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15       Link with -lm.
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17   Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
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19       expm1():
20           _ISOC99_SOURCE || _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L
21               || _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500
22               || /* Since glibc 2.19: */ _DEFAULT_SOURCE
23               || /* Glibc versions <= 2.19: */ _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE
24       expm1f(), expm1l():
25           _ISOC99_SOURCE || _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L
26               || /* Since glibc 2.19: */ _DEFAULT_SOURCE
27               || /* Glibc versions <= 2.19: */ _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE
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DESCRIPTION

30       These functions return a value equivalent to
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32           exp(x) - 1
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34       The result is computed in a way that is accurate even if the value of x
35       is near zero—a case where exp(x) - 1 would be inaccurate  due  to  sub‐
36       traction of two numbers that are nearly equal.
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RETURN VALUE

39       On success, these functions return exp(x) - 1.
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41       If x is a NaN, a NaN is returned.
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43       If x is +0 (-0), +0 (-0) is returned.
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45       If x is positive infinity, positive infinity is returned.
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47       If x is negative infinity, -1 is returned.
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49       If the result overflows, a range error occurs, and the functions return
50       -HUGE_VAL, -HUGE_VALF, or -HUGE_VALL, respectively.
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ERRORS

53       See math_error(7) for information on how to determine whether an  error
54       has occurred when calling these functions.
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56       The following errors can occur:
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58       Range error, overflow
59              errno  is  set  to ERANGE (but see BUGS).  An overflow floating-
60              point exception (FE_OVERFLOW) is raised.
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ATTRIBUTES

63       For  an  explanation  of  the  terms  used   in   this   section,   see
64       attributes(7).
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66       ┌────────────────────────────┬───────────────┬─────────┐
67       │Interface                   │ Attribute     │ Value   │
68       ├────────────────────────────┼───────────────┼─────────┤
69       │expm1(), expm1f(), expm1l() │ Thread safety │ MT-Safe │
70       └────────────────────────────┴───────────────┴─────────┘

CONFORMING TO

72       C99, POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008.
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BUGS

75       Before glibc 2.17, on certain architectures (e.g., x86, but not x86_64)
76       expm1() raised a bogus  underflow  floating-point  exception  for  some
77       large negative x values (where the function result approaches -1),
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79       Before approximately glibc version 2.11, expm1() raised a bogus invalid
80       floating-point exception in addition to the  expected  overflow  excep‐
81       tion,  and returned a NaN instead of positive infinity.  for some large
82       positive x values,
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84       Before version 2.11, the glibc implementation  did  not  set  errno  to
85       ERANGE when a range error occurred.
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COLOPHON

91       This  page  is  part of release 5.07 of the Linux man-pages project.  A
92       description of the project, information about reporting bugs,  and  the
93       latest     version     of     this    page,    can    be    found    at
94       https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
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98                                  2020-06-09                          EXPM1(3)