1DATEROUND(1) User Commands DATEROUND(1)
2
6 dateround - Round DATE/TIME to the next occurrence of RNDSPEC.
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9 dateround [OPTION]... [DATE/TIME] RNDSPEC...
10
12 Round DATE/TIME to the next occurrence of RNDSPEC.
13 If DATE/TIME is omitted a stream of date/times is read from stdin.
15 DATE/TIME can also be one of the following specials
17 - `now' interpreted as the current (UTC) time stamp
18 - `time' the time part of the current (UTC) time stamp
19 - `today' the current date (according to UTC)
20 - `tomo[rrow]' tomorrow's date (according to UTC)
21 - `y[ester]day' yesterday's date (according to UTC)
22 1. RNDSPECs can be month names (Jan, Feb, ...), weekday names (Sun,
24 Mon, ...),
25 numerals suffixed with y, q, mo, d, bd, h, m, or s, possibly pre‐
26 fixed with
27 a dash (`-`) to indicate the rounding direction is downwards.
28 2. Suffixed RNDSPECs may additionally be prefixed with a slash (`/`) to
30 indicate that rounding to a multiple of RNDSPEC is desired.
31 Co-class rounding.
32 In the first case, rounding affects the named element in the specified
34 date or date/time and more significant elements by setting this element
35 to the specified value and adjusting the more significant elements such
36 that the result is greater (younger) or equal to the input (or strictly
37 greater when -n|--next is given) for positive values, and less (older)
38 or equal (unless -n|--next is given) for named elements that are pre‐
39 fixed with dash (`-`). In either case, less significant elements, e.g.
40 subdivisions of the named element and their subdivisions are left
41 unchanged.
42 That is dateround 2019-01-28T12:04:00 +6
44 will yield 2019-02-06T12:04:00
45 Similarly dateround -n 2019-01-28T12:04:00 -- -Oct
47 will yield 2018-10-28T12:04:00
48 In the second case, rounding is more like rounding decimal fractions to
50 negative infinity. The time axis is partitioned by multiples of the
51 named element, and the oldest date or datetime is returned that is
52 greater (younger) (or equal if -n|--next is omitted) than the specified
53 date or date/time, when rounding down (`-` prefix) the oldest date or
54 datetime is returned that is less (older) than the specified date or
55 datetime.
56 That is dateround 2019-01-28T12:04:00 /1y
58 will yield 2020-01-01T00:00:00
59 Similarly dateround 2019-01-28T12:04:00 /-30m
61 will yield 2019-01-28T12:00:00
62 The superdivision of years are millennia, i.e. there's 1000 years, 500
64 biennia, 100 decades, etc. in a millenium.
65 Multiple RNDSPECs are evaluated left to right.
67 Note that rounding isn't commutative, e.g. dateround 2012-03-01
69 Sat Sep -> 2012-09-03 vs. dateround 2012-03-01 Sep Sat ->
70 2012-09-01
71 Note that non-numeric strings prefixed with a `-' conflict with the
73 command line options and a separating `--' has to be used.
74 Recognized OPTIONs:
77 -h, --help
79 Print help and exit
80 -V, --version
82 Print version and exit
83 -q, --quiet
85 Suppress message about date/time and duration parser errors and
86 fix-ups. The default is to print a warning or the fixed up
87 value and return error code 2.
88 -f, --format=STRING
90 Output format. This can either be a specifier string (similar
91 to strftime()'s FMT) or the name of a calendar.
92 -i, --input-format=STRING...
94 Input format, can be used multiple times. Each date/time will
95 be passed to the input format parsers in the order they are
96 given, if a date/time can be read successfully with a given
97 input format specifier string, that value will be used.
98 -b, --base=DT
100 For underspecified input use DT as a fallback to fill in missing
101 fields. Also used for ambiguous format specifiers to position
102 their range on the absolute time line. Must be a date/time in
103 ISO8601 format. If omitted defaults to the current date/time.
104 -e, --backslash-escapes
106 Enable interpretation of backslash escapes in the output and
107 input format specifier strings.
108 -S, --sed-mode
110 Copy parts from the input before and after a matching date/time.
111 Note that all occurrences of date/times within a line will be
112 processed.
113 -E, --empty-mode
115 Empty lines that cannot be parsed.
116 --locale=LOCALE
118 Format results according to LOCALE, this would only affect month
119 and weekday names.
120 --from-locale=LOCALE
122 Interpret dates on stdin or the command line as coming from the
123 locale LOCALE, this would only affect month and weekday names as
124 input formats have to be specified explicitly.
125 --from-zone=ZONE
127 Interpret dates on stdin or the command line as coming from the
128 time zone ZONE.
129 -z, --zone=ZONE
131 Convert dates printed on stdout to time zone ZONE, default: UTC.
132 -n, --next
134 Always round to a different date or time.
135
137 Format specs in dateutils are similar to posix' strftime().
138 However, due to a broader range of supported calendars dateutils must
140 employ different rules.
141 Date specs:
143 %a The abbreviated weekday name
144 %A The full weekday name
145 %_a The weekday name shortened to a single character (MTWRFAS)
146 %b The abbreviated month name
147 %B The full month name
148 %_b The month name shortened to a single character (FGHJKMNQUVXZ)
149 %c The count of the weekday within the month (range 00 to 05)
150 %C The count of the weekday within the year (range 00 to 53)
151 %d The day of the month, 2 digits (range 00 to 31)
152 %D The day of the year, 3 digits (range 000 to 366)
153 %F Equivalent to %Y-%m-%d (ymd's canonical format)
154 %g ISO week date year without the century (range 00 to 99)
155 %G ISO week date year including the century
156 %j Equivalent to %D
157 %m The month in the current calendar (range 00 to 19)
158 %Q The quarter of the year (range Q1 to Q4)
159 %q The number of the quarter (range 01 to 04)
160 %s The number of seconds since the Epoch.
161 %u The weekday as number (range 01 to 07, Sunday being 07)
162 %U The week count, day of week is Sun (range 00 to 53)
163 %V The ISO week count, day of week is Mon (range 01 to 53)
164 %w The weekday as number (range 00 to 06, Sunday being 00)
165 %W The week count, day of week is Mon (range 00 to 53)
166 %y The year without a century (range 00 to 99)
167 %Y The year including the century
168 %_y The year shortened to a single digit
169 %Z The zone offset in hours and minutes (HH:MM) with
170 a preceding sign (+ for offsets east of UTC, - for offsets
171 west of UTC)
172 %Od The day as roman numerals
174 %Om The month as roman numerals
175 %Oy The two digit year as roman numerals
176 %OY The year including the century as roman numerals
177 %rs In time systems whose Epoch is different from the unix Epoch, this
179 selects the number of seconds since then.
180 %rY In calendars with years that don't coincide with the Gregorian
181 years, this selects the calendar's year.
182 %dth The day of the month as an ordinal number, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.
184 %mth The month of the year as an ordinal number, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.
185 %db The business day of the month (since last month's ultimo)
187 %dB Number of business days until this month's ultimo
188 Time specs:
190 %H The hour of the day using a 24h clock, 2 digits (range 00 to 23)
191 %I The hour of the day using a 12h clock, 2 digits (range 01 to 12)
192 %M The minute (range 00 to 59)
193 %N The nanoseconds (range 000000000 to 999999999)
194 %p The string AM or PM, noon is PM and midnight is AM.
195 %P Like %p but in lowercase
196 %S The (range 00 to 60, 60 is for leap seconds)
197 %T Equivalent to %H:%M:%S
198 General specs:
200 %n A newline character
201 %t A tab character
202 %% A literal % character
203 Modifiers:
205 %O Modifier to turn decimal numbers into Roman numerals
206 %r Modifier to turn units into real units
207 %0 Modifier to turn on zero prefixes
208 %SPC Modifier to turn on space prefixes
209 %- Modifier to turn off prefixes altogether
210 th Suffix, read and print ordinal numbers
211 b Suffix, treat days as business days
212 By design dates before 1601-01-01 are not supported.
214 For conformity here is a list of calendar designators and their corre‐
216 sponding format string:
217 ymd %Y-%m-%d
218 ymcw %Y-%m-%c-%w
219 ywd %rY-W%V-%u
220 bizda %Y-%m-%db
221 lilian n/a
222 ldn n/a
223 julian n/a
224 jdn n/a
225 matlab n/a
226 mdn n/a
227 These designators can be used as output format string, moreover,
229 @code{lilian}/@code{ldn} and @code{julian}/@code{jdn} can also be used
230 as input format string.
231
234 Some tools ("dateadd", "dateseq") need durations as their input. Dura‐
235 tions are generally incompatible with input formats as specified by
236 "-i|--input-format" and (at the moment) the input syntax is fixed.
237 The general format is "+-Nunit" where "+" or "-" is the sign, "N" a
239 number, and "unit" the unit as discussed below.
240 Units:
242 s seconds
243 m minutes
244 h hours
245 rs real-life seconds, as in including leap transitions
246 d days
248 b business days
249 mo months
250 y years
251 For historical reasons, we used to accept "m" in the context of date-
253 only input as a qualifier for months. As of 0.4.4, this is no longer
254 the case.
255
258 $ dateround 2012-03-01 2
259 2012-03-02
260 $
261 $ dateround -n 2012-03-01 1
263 2012-04-01
264 $
265 $ dateround 17:05:00 5m
267 17:05:00
268 $ dateround 17:04:00 /5m
269 17:05:00
270 $
271 $ dateround -n 17:04:00 4m
273 18:04:00
274 $ dateround -n 17:04:00 /1m
275 17:05:00
276 $
277
279 Written by Sebastian Freundt <freundt@fresse.org>
280
282 Report bugs to: https://github.com/hroptatyr/dateutils/issues
283
285 The full documentation for dateround is maintained as a Texinfo manual.
286 If the info and dateround programs are properly installed at your site,
287 the command
288 info (dateutils)dateround
290 should give you access to the complete manual.
292dateutils 0.4.7 February 2020 DATEROUND(1)