1GIT-SVN(1) Git Manual GIT-SVN(1)
2
6 git-svn - Bidirectional operation between a Subversion repository and
7 Git
8
10 git svn <command> [<options>] [<arguments>]
11
13 git svn is a simple conduit for changesets between Subversion and Git.
14 It provides a bidirectional flow of changes between a Subversion and a
15 Git repository.
16 git svn can track a standard Subversion repository, following the
18 common "trunk/branches/tags" layout, with the --stdlayout option. It
19 can also follow branches and tags in any layout with the -T/-t/-b
20 options (see options to init below, and also the clone command).
21 Once tracking a Subversion repository (with any of the above methods),
23 the Git repository can be updated from Subversion by the fetch command
24 and Subversion updated from Git by the dcommit command.
25
27 init
28 Initializes an empty Git repository with additional metadata
29 directories for git svn. The Subversion URL may be specified as a
30 command-line argument, or as full URL arguments to -T/-t/-b.
31 Optionally, the target directory to operate on can be specified as
32 a second argument. Normally this command initializes the current
33 directory.
34 -T<trunk_subdir>, --trunk=<trunk_subdir>, -t<tags_subdir>,
36 --tags=<tags_subdir>, -b<branches_subdir>,
37 --branches=<branches_subdir>, -s, --stdlayout
38 These are optional command-line options for init. Each of these
39 flags can point to a relative repository path
40 (--tags=project/tags) or a full url
41 (--tags=https://foo.org/project/tags). You can specify more
42 than one --tags and/or --branches options, in case your
43 Subversion repository places tags or branches under multiple
44 paths. The option --stdlayout is a shorthand way of setting
45 trunk,tags,branches as the relative paths, which is the
46 Subversion default. If any of the other options are given as
47 well, they take precedence.
48 --no-metadata
50 Set the noMetadata option in the [svn-remote] config. This
51 option is not recommended, please read the svn.noMetadata
52 section of this manpage before using this option.
53 --use-svm-props
55 Set the useSvmProps option in the [svn-remote] config.
56 --use-svnsync-props
58 Set the useSvnsyncProps option in the [svn-remote] config.
59 --rewrite-root=<URL>
61 Set the rewriteRoot option in the [svn-remote] config.
62 --rewrite-uuid=<UUID>
64 Set the rewriteUUID option in the [svn-remote] config.
65 --username=<user>
67 For transports that SVN handles authentication for (http,
68 https, and plain svn), specify the username. For other
69 transports (e.g. svn+ssh://), you must include the username in
70 the URL, e.g. svn+ssh://foo@svn.bar.com/project
71 --prefix=<prefix>
73 This allows one to specify a prefix which is prepended to the
74 names of remotes if trunk/branches/tags are specified. The
75 prefix does not automatically include a trailing slash, so be
76 sure you include one in the argument if that is what you want.
77 If --branches/-b is specified, the prefix must include a
78 trailing slash. Setting a prefix (with a trailing slash) is
79 strongly encouraged in any case, as your SVN-tracking refs will
80 then be located at "refs/remotes/$prefix/", which is compatible
81 with Git’s own remote-tracking ref layout
82 (refs/remotes/$remote/). Setting a prefix is also useful if you
83 wish to track multiple projects that share a common repository.
84 By default, the prefix is set to origin/.
85 Note
87 Before Git v2.0, the default prefix was "" (no prefix).
88 This meant that SVN-tracking refs were put at
89 "refs/remotes/*", which is incompatible with how Git’s own
90 remote-tracking refs are organized. If you still want the
91 old default, you can get it by passing --prefix "" on the
92 command line (--prefix="" may not work if your Perl’s
93 Getopt::Long is < v2.37).
94 --ignore-refs=<regex>
96 When passed to init or clone this regular expression will be
97 preserved as a config key. See fetch for a description of
98 --ignore-refs.
99 --ignore-paths=<regex>
101 When passed to init or clone this regular expression will be
102 preserved as a config key. See fetch for a description of
103 --ignore-paths.
104 --include-paths=<regex>
106 When passed to init or clone this regular expression will be
107 preserved as a config key. See fetch for a description of
108 --include-paths.
109 --no-minimize-url
111 When tracking multiple directories (using --stdlayout,
112 --branches, or --tags options), git svn will attempt to connect
113 to the root (or highest allowed level) of the Subversion
114 repository. This default allows better tracking of history if
115 entire projects are moved within a repository, but may cause
116 issues on repositories where read access restrictions are in
117 place. Passing --no-minimize-url will allow git svn to accept
118 URLs as-is without attempting to connect to a higher level
119 directory. This option is off by default when only one
120 URL/branch is tracked (it would do little good).
121 fetch
123 Fetch unfetched revisions from the Subversion remote we are
124 tracking. The name of the [svn-remote "..."] section in the
125 $GIT_DIR/config file may be specified as an optional command-line
126 argument.
127 This automatically updates the rev_map if needed (see
129 $GIT_DIR/svn/**/.rev_map.* in the FILES section below for
130 details).
131 --localtime
133 Store Git commit times in the local time zone instead of UTC.
134 This makes git log (even without --date=local) show the same
135 times that svn log would in the local time zone.
136 This doesn’t interfere with interoperating with the Subversion
138 repository you cloned from, but if you wish for your local Git
139 repository to be able to interoperate with someone else’s local
140 Git repository, either don’t use this option or you should both
141 use it in the same local time zone.
142 --parent
144 Fetch only from the SVN parent of the current HEAD.
145 --ignore-refs=<regex>
147 Ignore refs for branches or tags matching the Perl regular
148 expression. A "negative look-ahead assertion" like
149 ^refs/remotes/origin/(?!tags/wanted-tag|wanted-branch).*$ can
150 be used to allow only certain refs.
151 config key: svn-remote.<name>.ignore-refs
153 If the ignore-refs configuration key is set, and the
154 command-line option is also given, both regular expressions
155 will be used.
156 --ignore-paths=<regex>
158 This allows one to specify a Perl regular expression that will
159 cause skipping of all matching paths from checkout from SVN.
160 The --ignore-paths option should match for every fetch
161 (including automatic fetches due to clone, dcommit, rebase,
162 etc) on a given repository.
163 config key: svn-remote.<name>.ignore-paths
165 If the ignore-paths configuration key is set, and the
166 command-line option is also given, both regular expressions
167 will be used.
168 Examples:
170 Skip "doc*" directory for every fetch
172 --ignore-paths="^doc"
174 Skip "branches" and "tags" of first level directories
176 --ignore-paths="^[^/]+/(?:branches|tags)"
178 --include-paths=<regex>
180 This allows one to specify a Perl regular expression that will
181 cause the inclusion of only matching paths from checkout from
182 SVN. The --include-paths option should match for every fetch
183 (including automatic fetches due to clone, dcommit, rebase,
184 etc) on a given repository. --ignore-paths takes precedence
185 over --include-paths.
186 config key: svn-remote.<name>.include-paths
188 --log-window-size=<n>
190 Fetch <n> log entries per request when scanning Subversion
191 history. The default is 100. For very large Subversion
192 repositories, larger values may be needed for clone/fetch to
193 complete in reasonable time. But overly large values may lead
194 to higher memory usage and request timeouts.
195 clone
197 Runs init and fetch. It will automatically create a directory based
198 on the basename of the URL passed to it; or if a second argument is
199 passed; it will create a directory and work within that. It accepts
200 all arguments that the init and fetch commands accept; with the
201 exception of --fetch-all and --parent. After a repository is
202 cloned, the fetch command will be able to update revisions without
203 affecting the working tree; and the rebase command will be able to
204 update the working tree with the latest changes.
205 --preserve-empty-dirs
207 Create a placeholder file in the local Git repository for each
208 empty directory fetched from Subversion. This includes
209 directories that become empty by removing all entries in the
210 Subversion repository (but not the directory itself). The
211 placeholder files are also tracked and removed when no longer
212 necessary.
213 --placeholder-filename=<filename>
215 Set the name of placeholder files created by
216 --preserve-empty-dirs. Default: ".gitignore"
217 rebase
219 This fetches revisions from the SVN parent of the current HEAD and
220 rebases the current (uncommitted to SVN) work against it.
221 This works similarly to svn update or git pull except that it
223 preserves linear history with git rebase instead of git merge for
224 ease of dcommitting with git svn.
225 This accepts all options that git svn fetch and git rebase accept.
227 However, --fetch-all only fetches from the current [svn-remote],
228 and not all [svn-remote] definitions.
229 Like git rebase; this requires that the working tree be clean and
231 have no uncommitted changes.
232 This automatically updates the rev_map if needed (see
234 $GIT_DIR/svn/**/.rev_map.* in the FILES section below for
235 details).
236 -l, --local
238 Do not fetch remotely; only run git rebase against the last
239 fetched commit from the upstream SVN.
240 dcommit
242 Commit each diff from the current branch directly to the SVN
243 repository, and then rebase or reset (depending on whether or not
244 there is a diff between SVN and head). This will create a revision
245 in SVN for each commit in Git.
246 When an optional Git branch name (or a Git commit object name) is
248 specified as an argument, the subcommand works on the specified
249 branch, not on the current branch.
250 Use of dcommit is preferred to set-tree (below).
252 --no-rebase
254 After committing, do not rebase or reset.
255 --commit-url <URL>
257 Commit to this SVN URL (the full path). This is intended to
258 allow existing git svn repositories created with one transport
259 method (e.g. svn:// or http:// for anonymous read) to be
260 reused if a user is later given access to an alternate
261 transport method (e.g. svn+ssh:// or https://) for commit.
262 config key: svn-remote.<name>.commiturl
264 config key: svn.commiturl (overwrites all svn-remote.<name>.commiturl options)
265 Note that the SVN URL of the commiturl config key includes the
266 SVN branch. If you rather want to set the commit URL for an
267 entire SVN repository use svn-remote.<name>.pushurl instead.
268 Using this option for any other purpose (don’t ask) is very
270 strongly discouraged.
271 --mergeinfo=<mergeinfo>
273 Add the given merge information during the dcommit (e.g.
274 --mergeinfo="/branches/foo:1-10"). All svn server versions can
275 store this information (as a property), and svn clients
276 starting from version 1.5 can make use of it. To specify merge
277 information from multiple branches, use a single space
278 character between the branches (--mergeinfo="/branches/foo:1-10
279 /branches/bar:3,5-6,8")
280 config key: svn.pushmergeinfo
282 This option will cause git-svn to attempt to automatically
283 populate the svn:mergeinfo property in the SVN repository when
284 possible. Currently, this can only be done when dcommitting
285 non-fast-forward merges where all parents but the first have
286 already been pushed into SVN.
287 --interactive
289 Ask the user to confirm that a patch set should actually be
290 sent to SVN. For each patch, one may answer "yes" (accept this
291 patch), "no" (discard this patch), "all" (accept all patches),
292 or "quit".
293 git svn dcommit returns immediately if answer is "no" or
295 "quit", without committing anything to SVN.
296 branch
298 Create a branch in the SVN repository.
299 -m, --message
301 Allows to specify the commit message.
302 -t, --tag
304 Create a tag by using the tags_subdir instead of the
305 branches_subdir specified during git svn init.
306 -d<path>, --destination=<path>
308 If more than one --branches (or --tags) option was given to the
309 init or clone command, you must provide the location of the
310 branch (or tag) you wish to create in the SVN repository.
311 <path> specifies which path to use to create the branch or tag
312 and should match the pattern on the left-hand side of one of
313 the configured branches or tags refspecs. You can see these
314 refspecs with the commands
315 git config --get-all svn-remote.<name>.branches
317 git config --get-all svn-remote.<name>.tags
318 where <name> is the name of the SVN repository as specified by
320 the -R option to init (or "svn" by default).
321 --username
323 Specify the SVN username to perform the commit as. This option
324 overrides the username configuration property.
325 --commit-url
327 Use the specified URL to connect to the destination Subversion
328 repository. This is useful in cases where the source SVN
329 repository is read-only. This option overrides configuration
330 property commiturl.
331 git config --get-all svn-remote.<name>.commiturl
333 --parents
335 Create parent folders. This parameter is equivalent to the
336 parameter --parents on svn cp commands and is useful for
337 non-standard repository layouts.
338 tag
340 Create a tag in the SVN repository. This is a shorthand for branch
341 -t.
342 log
344 This should make it easy to look up svn log messages when svn users
345 refer to -r/--revision numbers.
346 The following features from “svn log” are supported:
348 -r <n>[:<n>], --revision=<n>[:<n>]
350 is supported, non-numeric args are not: HEAD, NEXT, BASE, PREV,
351 etc ...
352 -v, --verbose
354 it’s not completely compatible with the --verbose output in svn
355 log, but reasonably close.
356 --limit=<n>
358 is NOT the same as --max-count, doesn’t count merged/excluded
359 commits
360 --incremental
362 supported
363 New features:
365 --show-commit
367 shows the Git commit sha1, as well
368 --oneline
370 our version of --pretty=oneline
371 Note
374 SVN itself only stores times in UTC and nothing else. The
375 regular svn client converts the UTC time to the local time (or
376 based on the TZ= environment). This command has the same
377 behaviour.
378 Any other arguments are passed directly to git log
379 blame
381 Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file.
382 The output of this mode is format-compatible with the output of
383 “svn blame” by default. Like the SVN blame command, local
384 uncommitted changes in the working tree are ignored; the version of
385 the file in the HEAD revision is annotated. Unknown arguments are
386 passed directly to git blame.
387 --git-format
389 Produce output in the same format as git blame, but with SVN
390 revision numbers instead of Git commit hashes. In this mode,
391 changes that haven’t been committed to SVN (including local
392 working-copy edits) are shown as revision 0.
393 find-rev
395 When given an SVN revision number of the form rN, returns the
396 corresponding Git commit hash (this can optionally be followed by a
397 tree-ish to specify which branch should be searched). When given a
398 tree-ish, returns the corresponding SVN revision number.
399 -B, --before
401 Don’t require an exact match if given an SVN revision, instead
402 find the commit corresponding to the state of the SVN
403 repository (on the current branch) at the specified revision.
404 -A, --after
406 Don’t require an exact match if given an SVN revision; if there
407 is not an exact match return the closest match searching
408 forward in the history.
409 set-tree
411 You should consider using dcommit instead of this command. Commit
412 specified commit or tree objects to SVN. This relies on your
413 imported fetch data being up to date. This makes absolutely no
414 attempts to do patching when committing to SVN, it simply
415 overwrites files with those specified in the tree or commit. All
416 merging is assumed to have taken place independently of git svn
417 functions.
418 create-ignore
420 Recursively finds the svn:ignore property on directories and
421 creates matching .gitignore files. The resulting files are staged
422 to be committed, but are not committed. Use -r/--revision to refer
423 to a specific revision.
424 show-ignore
426 Recursively finds and lists the svn:ignore property on directories.
427 The output is suitable for appending to the $GIT_DIR/info/exclude
428 file.
429 mkdirs
431 Attempts to recreate empty directories that core Git cannot track
432 based on information in $GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>/unhandled.log files.
433 Empty directories are automatically recreated when using "git svn
434 clone" and "git svn rebase", so "mkdirs" is intended for use after
435 commands like "git checkout" or "git reset". (See the
436 svn-remote.<name>.automkdirs config file option for more
437 information.)
438 commit-diff
440 Commits the diff of two tree-ish arguments from the command-line.
441 This command does not rely on being inside a git svn init-ed
442 repository. This command takes three arguments, (a) the original
443 tree to diff against, (b) the new tree result, (c) the URL of the
444 target Subversion repository. The final argument (URL) may be
445 omitted if you are working from a git svn-aware repository (that
446 has been init-ed with git svn). The -r<revision> option is required
447 for this.
448 The commit message is supplied either directly with the -m or -F
450 option, or indirectly from the tag or commit when the second
451 tree-ish denotes such an object, or it is requested by invoking an
452 editor (see --edit option below).
453 -m <msg>, --message=<msg>
455 Use the given msg as the commit message. This option disables
456 the --edit option.
457 -F <filename>, --file=<filename>
459 Take the commit message from the given file. This option
460 disables the --edit option.
461 info
463 Shows information about a file or directory similar to what “svn
464 info” provides. Does not currently support a -r/--revision
465 argument. Use the --url option to output only the value of the URL:
466 field.
467 proplist
469 Lists the properties stored in the Subversion repository about a
470 given file or directory. Use -r/--revision to refer to a specific
471 Subversion revision.
472 propget
474 Gets the Subversion property given as the first argument, for a
475 file. A specific revision can be specified with -r/--revision.
476 propset
478 Sets the Subversion property given as the first argument, to the
479 value given as the second argument for the file given as the third
480 argument.
481 Example:
483 git svn propset svn:keywords "FreeBSD=%H" devel/py-tipper/Makefile
485 This will set the property svn:keywords to FreeBSD=%H for the file
487 devel/py-tipper/Makefile.
488 show-externals
490 Shows the Subversion externals. Use -r/--revision to specify a
491 specific revision.
492 gc
494 Compress $GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>/unhandled.log files and remove
495 $GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>/index files.
496 reset
498 Undoes the effects of fetch back to the specified revision. This
499 allows you to re-fetch an SVN revision. Normally the contents of an
500 SVN revision should never change and reset should not be necessary.
501 However, if SVN permissions change, or if you alter your
502 --ignore-paths option, a fetch may fail with "not found in commit"
503 (file not previously visible) or "checksum mismatch" (missed a
504 modification). If the problem file cannot be ignored forever (with
505 --ignore-paths) the only way to repair the repo is to use reset.
506 Only the rev_map and refs/remotes/git-svn are changed (see
508 $GIT_DIR/svn/**/.rev_map.* in the FILES section below for
509 details). Follow reset with a fetch and then git reset or git
510 rebase to move local branches onto the new tree.
511 -r <n>, --revision=<n>
513 Specify the most recent revision to keep. All later revisions
514 are discarded.
515 -p, --parent
517 Discard the specified revision as well, keeping the nearest
518 parent instead.
519 Example:
521 Assume you have local changes in "master", but you need to
522 refetch "r2".
523 r1---r2---r3 remotes/git-svn
525 \
526 A---B master
527 Fix the ignore-paths or SVN permissions problem that caused
529 "r2" to be incomplete in the first place. Then:
530 git svn reset -r2 -p
532 git svn fetch
533 r1---r2'--r3' remotes/git-svn
535 \
536 r2---r3---A---B master
537 Then fixup "master" with git rebase. Do NOT use git merge or
539 your history will not be compatible with a future dcommit!
540 git rebase --onto remotes/git-svn A^ master
542 r1---r2'--r3' remotes/git-svn
544 \
545 A'--B' master
546
548 --shared[=(false|true|umask|group|all|world|everybody)],
549 --template=<template_directory>
550 Only used with the init command. These are passed directly to git
551 init.
552 -r <arg>, --revision <arg>
554 Used with the fetch command.
555 This allows revision ranges for partial/cauterized history to be
557 supported. $NUMBER, $NUMBER1:$NUMBER2 (numeric ranges),
558 $NUMBER:HEAD, and BASE:$NUMBER are all supported.
559 This can allow you to make partial mirrors when running fetch; but
561 is generally not recommended because history will be skipped and
562 lost.
563 -, --stdin
565 Only used with the set-tree command.
566 Read a list of commits from stdin and commit them in reverse order.
568 Only the leading sha1 is read from each line, so git rev-list
569 --pretty=oneline output can be used.
570 --rmdir
572 Only used with the dcommit, set-tree and commit-diff commands.
573 Remove directories from the SVN tree if there are no files left
575 behind. SVN can version empty directories, and they are not removed
576 by default if there are no files left in them. Git cannot version
577 empty directories. Enabling this flag will make the commit to SVN
578 act like Git.
579 config key: svn.rmdir
581 -e, --edit
583 Only used with the dcommit, set-tree and commit-diff commands.
584 Edit the commit message before committing to SVN. This is off by
586 default for objects that are commits, and forced on when committing
587 tree objects.
588 config key: svn.edit
590 -l<num>, --find-copies-harder
592 Only used with the dcommit, set-tree and commit-diff commands.
593 They are both passed directly to git diff-tree; see git-diff-
595 tree(1) for more information.
596 config key: svn.l
598 config key: svn.findcopiesharder
599 -A<filename>, --authors-file=<filename>
601 Syntax is compatible with the file used by git cvsimport but an
602 empty email address can be supplied with <>:
603 loginname = Joe User <user@example.com>
605 If this option is specified and git svn encounters an SVN committer
607 name that does not exist in the authors-file, git svn will abort
608 operation. The user will then have to add the appropriate entry.
609 Re-running the previous git svn command after the authors-file is
610 modified should continue operation.
611 config key: svn.authorsfile
613 --authors-prog=<filename>
615 If this option is specified, for each SVN committer name that does
616 not exist in the authors file, the given file is executed with the
617 committer name as the first argument. The program is expected to
618 return a single line of the form "Name <email>" or "Name <>", which
619 will be treated as if included in the authors file.
620 Due to historical reasons a relative filename is first searched
622 relative to the current directory for init and clone and relative
623 to the root of the working tree for fetch. If filename is not
624 found, it is searched like any other command in $PATH.
625 config key: svn.authorsProg
627 -q, --quiet
629 Make git svn less verbose. Specify a second time to make it even
630 less verbose.
631 -m, --merge, -s<strategy>, --strategy=<strategy>, -p, --rebase-merges,
633 --preserve-merges (DEPRECATED)
634 These are only used with the dcommit and rebase commands.
635 Passed directly to git rebase when using dcommit if a git reset
637 cannot be used (see dcommit).
638 -n, --dry-run
640 This can be used with the dcommit, rebase, branch and tag commands.
641 For dcommit, print out the series of Git arguments that would show
643 which diffs would be committed to SVN.
644 For rebase, display the local branch associated with the upstream
646 svn repository associated with the current branch and the URL of
647 svn repository that will be fetched from.
648 For branch and tag, display the urls that will be used for copying
650 when creating the branch or tag.
651 --use-log-author
653 When retrieving svn commits into Git (as part of fetch, rebase, or
654 dcommit operations), look for the first From: line or Signed-off-by
655 trailer in the log message and use that as the author string.
656 config key: svn.useLogAuthor
658 --add-author-from
660 When committing to svn from Git (as part of set-tree or dcommit
661 operations), if the existing log message doesn’t already have a
662 From: or Signed-off-by trailer, append a From: line based on the
663 Git commit’s author string. If you use this, then --use-log-author
664 will retrieve a valid author string for all commits.
665 config key: svn.addAuthorFrom
667
669 -i<GIT_SVN_ID>, --id <GIT_SVN_ID>
670 This sets GIT_SVN_ID (instead of using the environment). This
671 allows the user to override the default refname to fetch from when
672 tracking a single URL. The log and dcommit commands no longer
673 require this switch as an argument.
674 -R<remote name>, --svn-remote <remote name>
676 Specify the [svn-remote "<remote name>"] section to use, this
677 allows SVN multiple repositories to be tracked. Default: "svn"
678 --follow-parent
680 This option is only relevant if we are tracking branches (using one
681 of the repository layout options --trunk, --tags, --branches,
682 --stdlayout). For each tracked branch, try to find out where its
683 revision was copied from, and set a suitable parent in the first
684 Git commit for the branch. This is especially helpful when we’re
685 tracking a directory that has been moved around within the
686 repository. If this feature is disabled, the branches created by
687 git svn will all be linear and not share any history, meaning that
688 there will be no information on where branches were branched off or
689 merged. However, following long/convoluted histories can take a
690 long time, so disabling this feature may speed up the cloning
691 process. This feature is enabled by default, use --no-follow-parent
692 to disable it.
693 config key: svn.followparent
695
697 svn.noMetadata, svn-remote.<name>.noMetadata
698 This gets rid of the git-svn-id: lines at the end of every commit.
699 This option can only be used for one-shot imports as git svn will
701 not be able to fetch again without metadata. Additionally, if you
702 lose your $GIT_DIR/svn/**/.rev_map.* files, git svn will not be
703 able to rebuild them.
704 The git svn log command will not work on repositories using this,
706 either. Using this conflicts with the useSvmProps option for
707 (hopefully) obvious reasons.
708 This option is NOT recommended as it makes it difficult to track
710 down old references to SVN revision numbers in existing
711 documentation, bug reports, and archives. If you plan to eventually
712 migrate from SVN to Git and are certain about dropping SVN history,
713 consider git-filter-repo[1] instead. filter-repo also allows
714 reformatting of metadata for ease-of-reading and rewriting
715 authorship info for non-"svn.authorsFile" users.
716 svn.useSvmProps, svn-remote.<name>.useSvmProps
718 This allows git svn to re-map repository URLs and UUIDs from
719 mirrors created using SVN::Mirror (or svk) for metadata.
720 If an SVN revision has a property, "svm:headrev", it is likely that
722 the revision was created by SVN::Mirror (also used by SVK). The
723 property contains a repository UUID and a revision. We want to make
724 it look like we are mirroring the original URL, so introduce a
725 helper function that returns the original identity URL and UUID,
726 and use it when generating metadata in commit messages.
727 svn.useSvnsyncProps, svn-remote.<name>.useSvnsyncprops
729 Similar to the useSvmProps option; this is for users of the
730 svnsync(1) command distributed with SVN 1.4.x and later.
731 svn-remote.<name>.rewriteRoot
733 This allows users to create repositories from alternate URLs. For
734 example, an administrator could run git svn on the server locally
735 (accessing via file://) but wish to distribute the repository with
736 a public http:// or svn:// URL in the metadata so users of it will
737 see the public URL.
738 svn-remote.<name>.rewriteUUID
740 Similar to the useSvmProps option; this is for users who need to
741 remap the UUID manually. This may be useful in situations where the
742 original UUID is not available via either useSvmProps or
743 useSvnsyncProps.
744 svn-remote.<name>.pushurl
746 Similar to Git’s remote.<name>.pushurl, this key is designed to be
747 used in cases where url points to an SVN repository via a read-only
748 transport, to provide an alternate read/write transport. It is
749 assumed that both keys point to the same repository. Unlike
750 commiturl, pushurl is a base path. If either commiturl or pushurl
751 could be used, commiturl takes precedence.
752 svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround
754 This disables potentially expensive checks to workaround broken
755 symlinks checked into SVN by broken clients. Set this option to
756 "false" if you track a SVN repository with many empty blobs that
757 are not symlinks. This option may be changed while git svn is
758 running and take effect on the next revision fetched. If unset, git
759 svn assumes this option to be "true".
760 svn.pathnameencoding
762 This instructs git svn to recode pathnames to a given encoding. It
763 can be used by windows users and by those who work in non-utf8
764 locales to avoid corrupted file names with non-ASCII characters.
765 Valid encodings are the ones supported by Perl’s Encode module.
766 svn-remote.<name>.automkdirs
768 Normally, the "git svn clone" and "git svn rebase" commands attempt
769 to recreate empty directories that are in the Subversion
770 repository. If this option is set to "false", then empty
771 directories will only be created if the "git svn mkdirs" command is
772 run explicitly. If unset, git svn assumes this option to be "true".
773 Since the noMetadata, rewriteRoot, rewriteUUID, useSvnsyncProps and
775 useSvmProps options all affect the metadata generated and used by git
776 svn; they must be set in the configuration file before any history is
777 imported and these settings should never be changed once they are set.
778 Additionally, only one of these options can be used per svn-remote
780 section because they affect the git-svn-id: metadata line, except for
781 rewriteRoot and rewriteUUID which can be used together.
782
784 Tracking and contributing to the trunk of a Subversion-managed project
785 (ignoring tags and branches):
786 # Clone a repo (like git clone):
788 git svn clone http://svn.example.com/project/trunk
789 # Enter the newly cloned directory:
790 cd trunk
791 # You should be on master branch, double-check with 'git branch'
792 git branch
793 # Do some work and commit locally to Git:
794 git commit ...
795 # Something is committed to SVN, rebase your local changes against the
796 # latest changes in SVN:
797 git svn rebase
798 # Now commit your changes (that were committed previously using Git) to SVN,
799 # as well as automatically updating your working HEAD:
800 git svn dcommit
801 # Append svn:ignore settings to the default Git exclude file:
802 git svn show-ignore >> .git/info/exclude
803 Tracking and contributing to an entire Subversion-managed project
805 (complete with a trunk, tags and branches):
806 # Clone a repo with standard SVN directory layout (like git clone):
808 git svn clone http://svn.example.com/project --stdlayout --prefix svn/
809 # Or, if the repo uses a non-standard directory layout:
810 git svn clone http://svn.example.com/project -T tr -b branch -t tag --prefix svn/
811 # View all branches and tags you have cloned:
812 git branch -r
813 # Create a new branch in SVN
814 git svn branch waldo
815 # Reset your master to trunk (or any other branch, replacing 'trunk'
816 # with the appropriate name):
817 git reset --hard svn/trunk
818 # You may only dcommit to one branch/tag/trunk at a time. The usage
819 # of dcommit/rebase/show-ignore should be the same as above.
820 The initial git svn clone can be quite time-consuming (especially for
822 large Subversion repositories). If multiple people (or one person with
823 multiple machines) want to use git svn to interact with the same
824 Subversion repository, you can do the initial git svn clone to a
825 repository on a server and have each person clone that repository with
826 git clone:
827 # Do the initial import on a server
829 ssh server "cd /pub && git svn clone http://svn.example.com/project [options...]"
830 # Clone locally - make sure the refs/remotes/ space matches the server
831 mkdir project
832 cd project
833 git init
834 git remote add origin server:/pub/project
835 git config --replace-all remote.origin.fetch '+refs/remotes/*:refs/remotes/*'
836 git fetch
837 # Prevent fetch/pull from remote Git server in the future,
838 # we only want to use git svn for future updates
839 git config --remove-section remote.origin
840 # Create a local branch from one of the branches just fetched
841 git checkout -b master FETCH_HEAD
842 # Initialize 'git svn' locally (be sure to use the same URL and
843 # --stdlayout/-T/-b/-t/--prefix options as were used on server)
844 git svn init http://svn.example.com/project [options...]
845 # Pull the latest changes from Subversion
846 git svn rebase
847
849 Prefer to use git svn rebase or git rebase, rather than git pull or git
850 merge to synchronize unintegrated commits with a git svn branch. Doing
851 so will keep the history of unintegrated commits linear with respect to
852 the upstream SVN repository and allow the use of the preferred git svn
853 dcommit subcommand to push unintegrated commits back into SVN.
854 Originally, git svn recommended that developers pulled or merged from
856 the git svn branch. This was because the author favored git svn
857 set-tree B to commit a single head rather than the git svn set-tree
858 A..B notation to commit multiple commits. Use of git pull or git merge
859 with git svn set-tree A..B will cause non-linear history to be
860 flattened when committing into SVN and this can lead to merge commits
861 unexpectedly reversing previous commits in SVN.
862
864 While git svn can track copy history (including branches and tags) for
865 repositories adopting a standard layout, it cannot yet represent merge
866 history that happened inside git back upstream to SVN users. Therefore
867 it is advised that users keep history as linear as possible inside Git
868 to ease compatibility with SVN (see the CAVEATS section below).
869
871 If git svn is configured to fetch branches (and --follow-branches is in
872 effect), it sometimes creates multiple Git branches for one SVN branch,
873 where the additional branches have names of the form branchname@nnn
874 (with nnn an SVN revision number). These additional branches are
875 created if git svn cannot find a parent commit for the first commit in
876 an SVN branch, to connect the branch to the history of the other
877 branches.
878 Normally, the first commit in an SVN branch consists of a copy
880 operation. git svn will read this commit to get the SVN revision the
881 branch was created from. It will then try to find the Git commit that
882 corresponds to this SVN revision, and use that as the parent of the
883 branch. However, it is possible that there is no suitable Git commit to
884 serve as parent. This will happen, among other reasons, if the SVN
885 branch is a copy of a revision that was not fetched by git svn (e.g.
886 because it is an old revision that was skipped with --revision), or if
887 in SVN a directory was copied that is not tracked by git svn (such as a
888 branch that is not tracked at all, or a subdirectory of a tracked
889 branch). In these cases, git svn will still create a Git branch, but
890 instead of using an existing Git commit as the parent of the branch, it
891 will read the SVN history of the directory the branch was copied from
892 and create appropriate Git commits. This is indicated by the message
893 "Initializing parent: <branchname>".
894 Additionally, it will create a special branch named
896 <branchname>@<SVN-Revision>, where <SVN-Revision> is the SVN revision
897 number the branch was copied from. This branch will point to the newly
898 created parent commit of the branch. If in SVN the branch was deleted
899 and later recreated from a different version, there will be multiple
900 such branches with an @.
901 Note that this may mean that multiple Git commits are created for a
903 single SVN revision.
904 An example: in an SVN repository with a standard trunk/tags/branches
906 layout, a directory trunk/sub is created in r.100. In r.200, trunk/sub
907 is branched by copying it to branches/. git svn clone -s will then
908 create a branch sub. It will also create new Git commits for r.100
909 through r.199 and use these as the history of branch sub. Thus there
910 will be two Git commits for each revision from r.100 to r.199 (one
911 containing trunk/, one containing trunk/sub/). Finally, it will create
912 a branch sub@200 pointing to the new parent commit of branch sub (i.e.
913 the commit for r.200 and trunk/sub/).
914
916 For the sake of simplicity and interoperating with Subversion, it is
917 recommended that all git svn users clone, fetch and dcommit directly
918 from the SVN server, and avoid all git clone/pull/merge/push operations
919 between Git repositories and branches. The recommended method of
920 exchanging code between Git branches and users is git format-patch and
921 git am, or just 'dcommit’ing to the SVN repository.
922 Running git merge or git pull is NOT recommended on a branch you plan
924 to dcommit from because Subversion users cannot see any merges you’ve
925 made. Furthermore, if you merge or pull from a Git branch that is a
926 mirror of an SVN branch, dcommit may commit to the wrong branch.
927 If you do merge, note the following rule: git svn dcommit will attempt
929 to commit on top of the SVN commit named in
930 git log --grep=^git-svn-id: --first-parent -1
932 You must therefore ensure that the most recent commit of the branch you
934 want to dcommit to is the first parent of the merge. Chaos will ensue
935 otherwise, especially if the first parent is an older commit on the
936 same SVN branch.
937 git clone does not clone branches under the refs/remotes/ hierarchy or
939 any git svn metadata, or config. So repositories created and managed
940 with using git svn should use rsync for cloning, if cloning is to be
941 done at all.
942 Since dcommit uses rebase internally, any Git branches you git push to
944 before dcommit on will require forcing an overwrite of the existing ref
945 on the remote repository. This is generally considered bad practice,
946 see the git-push(1) documentation for details.
947 Do not use the --amend option of git-commit(1) on a change you’ve
949 already dcommitted. It is considered bad practice to --amend commits
950 you’ve already pushed to a remote repository for other users, and
951 dcommit with SVN is analogous to that.
952 When cloning an SVN repository, if none of the options for describing
954 the repository layout is used (--trunk, --tags, --branches,
955 --stdlayout), git svn clone will create a Git repository with
956 completely linear history, where branches and tags appear as separate
957 directories in the working copy. While this is the easiest way to get a
958 copy of a complete repository, for projects with many branches it will
959 lead to a working copy many times larger than just the trunk. Thus for
960 projects using the standard directory structure (trunk/branches/tags),
961 it is recommended to clone with option --stdlayout. If the project uses
962 a non-standard structure, and/or if branches and tags are not required,
963 it is easiest to only clone one directory (typically trunk), without
964 giving any repository layout options. If the full history with branches
965 and tags is required, the options --trunk / --branches / --tags must be
966 used.
967 When using multiple --branches or --tags, git svn does not
969 automatically handle name collisions (for example, if two branches from
970 different paths have the same name, or if a branch and a tag have the
971 same name). In these cases, use init to set up your Git repository
972 then, before your first fetch, edit the $GIT_DIR/config file so that
973 the branches and tags are associated with different name spaces. For
974 example:
975 branches = stable/*:refs/remotes/svn/stable/*
977 branches = debug/*:refs/remotes/svn/debug/*
978
980 We ignore all SVN properties except svn:executable. Any unhandled
981 properties are logged to $GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>/unhandled.log
982 Renamed and copied directories are not detected by Git and hence not
984 tracked when committing to SVN. I do not plan on adding support for
985 this as it’s quite difficult and time-consuming to get working for all
986 the possible corner cases (Git doesn’t do it, either). Committing
987 renamed and copied files is fully supported if they’re similar enough
988 for Git to detect them.
989 In SVN, it is possible (though discouraged) to commit changes to a tag
991 (because a tag is just a directory copy, thus technically the same as a
992 branch). When cloning an SVN repository, git svn cannot know if such a
993 commit to a tag will happen in the future. Thus it acts conservatively
994 and imports all SVN tags as branches, prefixing the tag name with
995 tags/.
996
998 git svn stores [svn-remote] configuration information in the repository
999 $GIT_DIR/config file. It is similar the core Git [remote] sections
1000 except fetch keys do not accept glob arguments; but they are instead
1001 handled by the branches and tags keys. Since some SVN repositories are
1002 oddly configured with multiple projects glob expansions such those
1003 listed below are allowed:
1004 [svn-remote "project-a"]
1006 url = http://server.org/svn
1007 fetch = trunk/project-a:refs/remotes/project-a/trunk
1008 branches = branches/*/project-a:refs/remotes/project-a/branches/*
1009 branches = branches/release_*:refs/remotes/project-a/branches/release_*
1010 branches = branches/re*se:refs/remotes/project-a/branches/*
1011 tags = tags/*/project-a:refs/remotes/project-a/tags/*
1012 Keep in mind that the * (asterisk) wildcard of the local ref (right of
1014 the :) must be the farthest right path component; however the remote
1015 wildcard may be anywhere as long as it’s an independent path component
1016 (surrounded by / or EOL). This type of configuration is not
1017 automatically created by init and should be manually entered with a
1018 text-editor or using git config.
1019 Also note that only one asterisk is allowed per word. For example:
1021 branches = branches/re*se:refs/remotes/project-a/branches/*
1023 will match branches release, rese, re123se, however
1025 branches = branches/re*s*e:refs/remotes/project-a/branches/*
1027 will produce an error.
1029 It is also possible to fetch a subset of branches or tags by using a
1031 comma-separated list of names within braces. For example:
1032 [svn-remote "huge-project"]
1034 url = http://server.org/svn
1035 fetch = trunk/src:refs/remotes/trunk
1036 branches = branches/{red,green}/src:refs/remotes/project-a/branches/*
1037 tags = tags/{1.0,2.0}/src:refs/remotes/project-a/tags/*
1038 Multiple fetch, branches, and tags keys are supported:
1040 [svn-remote "messy-repo"]
1042 url = http://server.org/svn
1043 fetch = trunk/project-a:refs/remotes/project-a/trunk
1044 fetch = branches/demos/june-project-a-demo:refs/remotes/project-a/demos/june-demo
1045 branches = branches/server/*:refs/remotes/project-a/branches/*
1046 branches = branches/demos/2011/*:refs/remotes/project-a/2011-demos/*
1047 tags = tags/server/*:refs/remotes/project-a/tags/*
1048 Creating a branch in such a configuration requires disambiguating which
1050 location to use using the -d or --destination flag:
1051 $ git svn branch -d branches/server release-2-3-0
1053 Note that git-svn keeps track of the highest revision in which a branch
1055 or tag has appeared. If the subset of branches or tags is changed after
1056 fetching, then $GIT_DIR/svn/.metadata must be manually edited to remove
1057 (or reset) branches-maxRev and/or tags-maxRev as appropriate.
1058
1060 $GIT_DIR/svn/**/.rev_map.*
1061 Mapping between Subversion revision numbers and Git commit names.
1062 In a repository where the noMetadata option is not set, this can be
1063 rebuilt from the git-svn-id: lines that are at the end of every
1064 commit (see the svn.noMetadata section above for details).
1065 git svn fetch and git svn rebase automatically update the rev_map
1067 if it is missing or not up to date. git svn reset automatically
1068 rewinds it.
1069
1071 git-rebase(1)
1072
1074 Part of the git(1) suite
1075
1077 1. git-filter-repo
1078 https://github.com/newren/git-filter-repo
1079Git 2.31.1 2021-03-26 GIT-SVN(1)