Mojolicious::Plugin::DefaultHelpers(3pm)

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NAME

6       Mojolicious::Plugin::DefaultHelpers - Default helpers plugin
7

SYNOPSIS

9         # Mojolicious
10         $app->plugin('DefaultHelpers');
11
12         # Mojolicious::Lite
13         plugin 'DefaultHelpers';
14

DESCRIPTION

16       Mojolicious::Plugin::DefaultHelpers is a collection of helpers for
17       Mojolicious.
18
19       This is a core plugin, that means it is always enabled and its code a
20       good example for learning to build new plugins, you're welcome to fork
21       it.
22
23       See "PLUGINS" in Mojolicious::Plugins for a list of plugins that are
24       available by default.
25

HELPERS

27       Mojolicious::Plugin::DefaultHelpers implements the following helpers.
28
29   accepts
30         my $formats = $c->accepts;
31         my $format  = $c->accepts('html', 'json', 'txt');
32
33       Select best possible representation for resource from "format"
34       "GET"/"POST" parameter, "format" stash value or "Accept" request header
35       with "accepts" in Mojolicious::Renderer, defaults to returning the
36       first extension if no preference could be detected.
37
38         # Check if JSON is acceptable
39         $c->render(json => {hello => 'world'}) if $c->accepts('json');
40
41         # Check if JSON was specifically requested
42         $c->render(json => {hello => 'world'}) if $c->accepts('', 'json');
43
44         # Unsupported representation
45         $c->render(data => '', status => 204)
46           unless my $format = $c->accepts('html', 'json');
47
48         # Detected representations to select from
49         my @formats = @{$c->accepts};
50
51   app
52         %= app->secrets->[0]
53
54       Alias for "app" in Mojolicious::Controller.
55
56   b
57         %= b('Joel is a slug')->slugify
58
59       Turn string into a Mojo::ByteStream object.
60
61   c
62         %= c('a', 'b', 'c')->shuffle->join
63
64       Turn list into a Mojo::Collection object.
65
66   config
67         %= config 'something'
68
69       Alias for "config" in Mojolicious.
70
71   content
72         %= content foo => begin
73           test
74         % end
75         %= content bar => 'Hello World!'
76         %= content 'foo'
77         %= content 'bar'
78         %= content
79
80       Store partial rendered content in a named buffer and retrieve it later,
81       defaults to retrieving the named buffer "content", which is used by the
82       renderer for the "layout" and "extends" features. New content will be
83       ignored if the named buffer is already in use.
84
85   content_for
86         % content_for foo => begin
87           test
88         % end
89         %= content_for 'foo'
90
91       Same as "content", but appends content to named buffers if they are
92       already in use.
93
94         % content_for message => begin
95           Hello
96         % end
97         % content_for message => begin
98           world!
99         % end
100         %= content 'message'
101
102   content_with
103         % content_with foo => begin
104           test
105         % end
106         %= content_with 'foo'
107
108       Same as "content", but replaces content of named buffers if they are
109       already in use.
110
111         % content message => begin
112           world!
113         % end
114         % content_with message => begin
115           Hello <%= content 'message' %>
116         % end
117         %= content 'message'
118
119   csrf_token
120         %= csrf_token
121
122       Get CSRF token from "session", and generate one if none exists.
123
124   current_route
125         % if (current_route 'login') {
126           Welcome to Mojolicious!
127         % }
128         %= current_route
129
130       Check or get name of current route.
131
132   dumper
133         %= dumper {some => 'data'}
134
135       Dump a Perl data structure with "dumper" in Mojo::Util, very useful for
136       debugging.
137
138   extends
139         % extends 'blue';
140         % extends 'blue', title => 'Blue!';
141
142       Set "extends" stash value, all additional key/value pairs get merged
143       into the "stash".
144
145   flash
146         my $foo = $c->flash('foo');
147         $c      = $c->flash({foo => 'bar'});
148         $c      = $c->flash(foo => 'bar');
149         %= flash 'foo'
150
151       Data storage persistent only for the next request, stored in the
152       "session".
153
154         # Show message after redirect
155         $c->flash(message => 'User created successfully!');
156         $c->redirect_to('show_user', id => 23);
157
158   inactivity_timeout
159         $c = $c->inactivity_timeout(3600);
160
161       Use "stream" in Mojo::IOLoop to find the current connection and
162       increase timeout if possible.
163
164         # Longer version
165         Mojo::IOLoop->stream($c->tx->connection)->timeout(3600);
166
167   include
168         %= include 'menubar'
169         %= include 'menubar', format => 'txt'
170
171       Alias for "render_to_string" in Mojolicious::Controller.
172
173   is_fresh
174         my $bool = $c->is_fresh;
175         my $bool = $c->is_fresh(etag => 'abc');
176         my $bool = $c->is_fresh(etag => 'W/"def"');
177         my $bool = $c->is_fresh(last_modified => $epoch);
178
179       Check freshness of request by comparing the "If-None-Match" and
180       "If-Modified-Since" request headers to the "ETag" and "Last-Modified"
181       response headers with "is_fresh" in Mojolicious::Static.
182
183         # Add ETag/Last-Modified headers and check freshness before rendering
184         $c->is_fresh(etag => 'abc', last_modified => 1424985708)
185           ? $c->rendered(304)
186           : $c->render(text => 'I ♥ Mojolicious!');
187
188   layout
189         % layout 'green';
190         % layout 'green', title => 'Green!';
191
192       Set "layout" stash value, all additional key/value pairs get merged
193       into the "stash".
194
195   log
196         my $log = $c->log;
197
198       Alternative to "log" in Mojolicious that includes "request_id" in
199       Mojo::Message::Request with every log message.
200
201         # Log message with context
202         $c->log->debug('This is a log message with request id');
203
204         # Pass logger with context to model
205         my $log = $c->log;
206         $c->some_model->create({foo => $foo}, $log);
207
208   param
209         %= param 'foo'
210
211       Alias for "param" in Mojolicious::Controller.
212
213   proxy->get_p
214         my $promise = $c->proxy->get_p('http://example.com' => {Accept => '*/*'});
215
216       Perform non-blocking "GET" request and forward response as efficiently
217       as possible, takes the same arguments as "get" in Mojo::UserAgent and
218       returns a Mojo::Promise object.
219
220         # Forward with exception handling
221         $c->proxy->get_p('http://mojolicious.org')->catch(sub ($err) {
222           $c->log->debug("Proxy error: $err");
223           $c->render(text => 'Something went wrong!', status => 400);
224         });
225
226   proxy->post_p
227         my $promise = $c->proxy->post_p('http://example.com' => {Accept => '*/*'});
228
229       Perform non-blocking "POST" request and forward response as efficiently
230       as possible, takes the same arguments as "post" in Mojo::UserAgent and
231       returns a Mojo::Promise object.
232
233         # Forward with exception handling
234         $c->proxy->post_p('example.com' => form => {test => 'pass'})->catch(sub ($err) {
235           $c->log->debug("Proxy error: $err");
236           $c->render(text => 'Something went wrong!', status => 400);
237         });
238
239   proxy->start_p
240         my $promise = $c->proxy->start_p(Mojo::Transaction::HTTP->new);
241
242       Perform non-blocking request for a custom Mojo::Transaction::HTTP
243       object and forward response as efficiently as possible, returns a
244       Mojo::Promise object.
245
246         # Forward with exception handling
247         my $tx = $c->ua->build_tx(GET => 'http://mojolicious.org');
248         $c->proxy->start_p($tx)->catch(sub ($err) {
249           $c->log->debug("Proxy error: $err");
250           $c->render(text => 'Something went wrong!', status => 400);
251         });
252
253         # Forward with custom request and response headers
254         my $headers = $c->req->headers->clone->dehop;
255         $headers->header('X-Proxy' => 'Mojo');
256         my $tx = $c->ua->build_tx(GET => 'http://example.com' => $headers->to_hash);
257         $c->proxy->start_p($tx);
258         $tx->res->content->once(body => sub ($content) { $c->res->headers->header('X-Proxy' => 'Mojo') });
259
260   redirect_to
261         $c = $c->redirect_to('named', foo => 'bar');
262         $c = $c->redirect_to('named', {foo => 'bar'});
263         $c = $c->redirect_to('/index.html');
264         $c = $c->redirect_to('http://example.com/index.html');
265
266       Prepare a 302 (if the status code is not already "3xx") redirect
267       response with "Location" header, takes the same arguments as "url_for".
268
269         # Moved Permanently
270         $c->res->code(301);
271         $c->redirect_to('some_route');
272
273         # Temporary Redirect
274         $c->res->code(307);
275         $c->redirect_to('some_route');
276
277   reply->asset
278         $c->reply->asset(Mojo::Asset::File->new);
279
280       Reply with a Mojo::Asset::File or Mojo::Asset::Memory object using
281       "serve_asset" in Mojolicious::Static, and perform content negotiation
282       with "Range", "If-Modified-Since" and "If-None-Match" headers.
283
284         # Serve asset with custom modification time
285         my $asset = Mojo::Asset::Memory->new;
286         $asset->add_chunk('Hello World!')->mtime(784111777);
287         $c->res->headers->content_type('text/plain');
288         $c->reply->asset($asset);
289
290         # Serve static file if it exists
291         if (my $asset = $c->app->static->file('images/logo.png')) {
292           $c->res->headers->content_type('image/png');
293           $c->reply->asset($asset);
294         }
295
296   reply->exception
297         $c = $c->reply->exception('Oops!');
298         $c = $c->reply->exception(Mojo::Exception->new);
299
300       Render the exception template "exception.$mode.$format.*" or
301       "exception.$format.*" and set the response status code to 500. Also
302       sets the stash values "exception" to a Mojo::Exception object and
303       "snapshot" to a copy of the "stash" for use in the templates.
304
305   reply->file
306         $c->reply->file('/etc/passwd');
307
308       Reply with a static file from an absolute path anywhere on the file
309       system using "static" in Mojolicious.
310
311         # Longer version
312         $c->reply->asset(Mojo::Asset::File->new(path => '/etc/passwd'));
313
314         # Serve file from an absolute path with a custom content type
315         $c->res->headers->content_type('application/myapp');
316         $c->reply->file('/home/sri/foo.txt');
317
318         # Serve file from a secret application directory
319         $c->reply->file($c->app->home->child('secret', 'file.txt'));
320
321   reply->not_found
322         $c = $c->reply->not_found;
323
324       Render the not found template "not_found.$mode.$format.*" or
325       "not_found.$format.*" and set the response status code to 404. Also
326       sets the stash value "snapshot" to a copy of the "stash" for use in the
327       templates.
328
329   reply->static
330         my $bool = $c->reply->static('images/logo.png');
331         my $bool = $c->reply->static('../lib/MyApp.pm');
332
333       Reply with a static file using "static" in Mojolicious, usually from
334       the "public" directories or "DATA" sections of your application. Note
335       that this helper uses a relative path, but does not protect from
336       traversing to parent directories.
337
338         # Serve file from a relative path with a custom content type
339         $c->res->headers->content_type('application/myapp');
340         $c->reply->static('foo.txt');
341
342   respond_to
343         $c = $c->respond_to(
344           json => {json => {message => 'Welcome!'}},
345           html => {template => 'welcome'},
346           any  => sub {...}
347         );
348
349       Automatically select best possible representation for resource from
350       "format" "GET"/"POST" parameter, "format" stash value or "Accept"
351       request header, defaults to "default_format" in Mojolicious::Renderer
352       or rendering an empty 204 response. Each representation can be handled
353       with a callback or a hash reference containing arguments to be passed
354       to "render" in Mojolicious::Controller.
355
356         # Everything else than "json" and "xml" gets a 204 response
357         $c->respond_to(
358           json => sub { $c->render(json => {just => 'works'}) },
359           xml  => {text => '<just>works</just>'},
360           any  => {data => '', status => 204}
361         );
362
363       For more advanced negotiation logic you can also use "accepts".
364
365   session
366         %= session 'foo'
367
368       Alias for "session" in Mojolicious::Controller.
369
370   stash
371         %= stash 'foo'
372         % stash foo => 'bar';
373
374       Alias for "stash" in Mojolicious::Controller.
375
376         %= stash('name') // 'Somebody'
377
378   timing->begin
379         $c->timing->begin('foo');
380
381       Create named timestamp for "timing->elapsed".
382
383   timing->elapsed
384         my $elapsed = $c->timing->elapsed('foo');
385
386       Return fractional amount of time in seconds since named timstamp has
387       been created with "timing->begin" or "undef" if no such timestamp
388       exists.
389
390         # Log timing information
391         $c->timing->begin('database_stuff');
392         ...
393         my $elapsed = $c->timing->elapsed('database_stuff');
394         $c->app->log->debug("Database stuff took $elapsed seconds");
395
396   timing->rps
397         my $rps = $c->timing->rps('0.001');
398
399       Return fractional number of requests that could be performed in one
400       second if every singe one took the given amount of time in seconds or
401       "undef" if the number is too low.
402
403         # Log more timing information
404         $c->timing->begin('web_stuff');
405         ...
406         my $elapsed = $c->timing->elapsed('web_stuff');
407         my $rps     = $c->timing->rps($elapsed);
408         $c->app->log->debug("Web stuff took $elapsed seconds ($rps per second)");
409
410   timing->server_timing
411         $c->timing->server_timing('metric');
412         $c->timing->server_timing('metric', 'Some Description');
413         $c->timing->server_timing('metric', 'Some Description', '0.001');
414
415       Create "Server-Timing" header with optional description and duration.
416
417         # "Server-Timing: miss"
418         $c->timing->server_timing('miss');
419
420         # "Server-Timing: dc;desc=atl"
421         $c->timing->server_timing('dc', 'atl');
422
423         # "Server-Timing: db;desc=Database;dur=0.0001"
424         $c->timing->begin('database_stuff');
425         ...
426         my $elapsed = $c->timing->elapsed('database_stuff');
427         $c->timing->server_timing('db', 'Database', $elapsed);
428
429         # "Server-Timing: miss, dc;desc=atl"
430         $c->timing->server_timing('miss');
431         $c->timing->server_timing('dc', 'atl');
432
433   title
434         %= title
435         % title 'Welcome!';
436         % title 'Welcome!', foo => 'bar';
437
438       Get or set "title" stash value, all additional key/value pairs get
439       merged into the "stash".
440
441   ua
442         %= ua->get('mojolicious.org')->result->dom->at('title')->text
443
444       Alias for "ua" in Mojolicious.
445
446   url_for
447         %= url_for 'named', controller => 'bar', action => 'baz'
448
449       Alias for "url_for" in Mojolicious::Controller.
450
451         %= url_for('/index.html')->query(foo => 'bar')
452
453   url_with
454         %= url_with 'named', controller => 'bar', action => 'baz'
455
456       Does the same as "url_for", but inherits query parameters from the
457       current request.
458
459         %= url_with->query({page => 2})
460
461   validation
462         my $v = $c->validation;
463
464       Get Mojolicious::Validator::Validation object for current request to
465       validate file uploads as well as "GET" and "POST" parameters extracted
466       from the query string and "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" or
467       "multipart/form-data" message body. Parts of the request body need to
468       be loaded into memory to parse "POST" parameters, so you have to make
469       sure it is not excessively large. There's a 16MiB limit for requests by
470       default.
471
472         # Validate GET/POST parameter
473         my $v = $c->validation;
474         $v->required('title', 'trim')->size(3, 50);
475         my $title = $v->param('title');
476
477         # Validate file upload
478         my $v = $c->validation;
479         $v->required('tarball')->upload->size(1, 1048576);
480         my $tarball = $v->param('tarball');
481

METHODS

483       Mojolicious::Plugin::DefaultHelpers inherits all methods from
484       Mojolicious::Plugin and implements the following new ones.
485
486   register
487         $plugin->register(Mojolicious->new);
488
489       Register helpers in Mojolicious application.
490

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

HELPERS

METHODS

SEE ALSO