1BISON(1) User Commands BISON(1)
2
6 bison - GNU Project parser generator (yacc replacement)
7
9 bison [OPTION]... FILE
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12 Bison is a parser generator in the style of yacc(1). It should be up‐
13 wardly compatible with input files designed for yacc.
14 Input files should follow the yacc convention of ending in .y. Unlike
16 yacc, the generated files do not have fixed names, but instead use the
17 prefix of the input file. Moreover, if you need to put C++ code in the
18 input file, you can end his name by a C++-like extension (.ypp or
19 .y++), then bison will follow your extension to name the output file
20 (.cpp or .c++). For instance, a grammar description file named
21 parse.yxx would produce the generated parser in a file named
22 parse.tab.cxx, instead of yacc's y.tab.c or old Bison version's
23 parse.tab.c.
24 This description of the options that can be given to bison is adapted
26 from the node Invocation in the bison.texi manual, which should be
27 taken as authoritative.
28 Bison supports both traditional single-letter options and mnemonic long
30 option names. Long option names are indicated with -- instead of -.
31 Abbreviations for option names are allowed as long as they are unique.
32 When a long option takes an argument, like --file-prefix, connect the
33 option name and the argument with =.
34 Generate a deterministic LR or generalized LR (GLR) parser employing
36 LALR(1), IELR(1), or canonical LR(1) parser tables.
37 Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options
39 too. The same is true for optional arguments.
40 Operation Modes:
42 -h, --help
43 display this help and exit
44 -V, --version
46 output version information and exit
47 --print-localedir
49 output directory containing locale-dependent data and exit
50 --print-datadir
52 output directory containing skeletons and XSLT and exit
53 -u, --update
55 apply fixes to the source grammar file and exit
56 -f, --feature[=FEATURES]
58 activate miscellaneous features
59 FEATURES is a list of comma separated words that can include:
61 caret, diagnostics-show-caret
62 show errors with carets
63 fixit, diagnostics-parseable-fixits
65 show machine-readable fixes
66 syntax-only
68 do not generate any file
69 all all of the above
71 none disable all of the above
73 Diagnostics:
75 -W, --warnings[=CATEGORY]
76 report the warnings falling in CATEGORY
77 --color[=WHEN]
79 whether to colorize the diagnostics
80 --style=FILE
82 specify the CSS FILE for colorizer diagnostics
83 Warning categories include:
85 conflicts-sr
86 S/R conflicts (enabled by default)
87 conflicts-rr
89 R/R conflicts (enabled by default)
90 counterexamples, cex
92 generate conflict counterexamples
93 dangling-alias
95 string aliases not attached to a symbol
96 deprecated
98 obsolete constructs
99 empty-rule
101 empty rules without %empty
102 midrule-values
104 unset or unused midrule values
105 precedence
107 useless precedence and associativity
108 yacc incompatibilities with POSIX Yacc
110 other all other warnings (enabled by default)
112 all all the warnings except 'counterexamples', 'dangling-alias' and
114 'yacc'
115 no-CATEGORY
117 turn off warnings in CATEGORY
118 none turn off all the warnings
120 error[=CATEGORY]
122 treat warnings as errors
123 WHEN can be one of the following:
125 always, yes
126 colorize the output
127 never, no
129 don't colorize the output
130 auto, tty
132 colorize if the output device is a tty
133 Tuning the Parser:
135 -L, --language=LANGUAGE
136 specify the output programming language
137 -S, --skeleton=FILE
139 specify the skeleton to use
140 -t, --debug
142 instrument the parser for tracing same as '-Dparse.trace'
143 --locations
145 enable location support
146 -D, --define=NAME[=VALUE]
148 similar to '%define NAME VALUE'
149 -F, --force-define=NAME[=VALUE]
151 override '%define NAME VALUE'
152 -p, --name-prefix=PREFIX
154 prepend PREFIX to the external symbols deprecated by '-Dapi.pre‐
155 fix={PREFIX}'
156 -l, --no-lines
158 don't generate '#line' directives
159 -k, --token-table
161 include a table of token names
162 -y, --yacc
164 emulate POSIX Yacc
165 Output Files:
167 --defines[=FILE]
168 also produce a header file
169 -d likewise but cannot specify FILE (for POSIX Yacc)
171 -r, --report=THINGS
173 also produce details on the automaton
174 --report-file=FILE
176 write report to FILE
177 -v, --verbose
179 same as '--report=state'
180 -b, --file-prefix=PREFIX
182 specify a PREFIX for output files
183 -o, --output=FILE
185 leave output to FILE
186 -g, --graph[=FILE]
188 also output a graph of the automaton
189 -x, --xml[=FILE]
191 also output an XML report of the automaton
192 -M, --file-prefix-map=OLD=NEW replace prefix OLD with NEW when writing
194 file paths
195 in output files
196 THINGS is a list of comma separated words that can include:
198 states describe the states
199 itemsets
201 complete the core item sets with their closure
202 lookaheads
204 explicitly associate lookahead tokens to items
205 solved describe shift/reduce conflicts solving
207 counterexamples, cex
209 generate conflict counterexamples
210 all include all the above information
212 none disable the report
214
216 Written by Robert Corbett and Richard Stallman.
217
219 Report bugs to <bug-bison@gnu.org>.
220 GNU Bison home page: <https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/>.
221 General help using GNU software: <https://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>.
222 For complete documentation, run: info bison.
223
225 Copyright © 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
226 This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is
227 NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
228 PURPOSE.
229
231 lex(1), flex(1), yacc(1).
232 The full documentation for bison is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If
234 the info and bison programs are properly installed at your site, the
235 command
236 info bison
238 should give you access to the complete manual.
240GNU Bison 3.7.6 March 2021 BISON(1)