1DH_INSTALLDEB(1) Debhelper DH_INSTALLDEB(1)
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6 dh_installdeb - install files into the DEBIAN directory
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9 dh_installdeb [debhelper options]
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12 dh_installdeb is a debhelper program that is responsible for installing
13 files into the DEBIAN directories in package build directories with the
14 correct permissions.
15
17 package.postinst
18 package.preinst
19 package.postrm
20 package.prerm
21 These maintainer scripts are installed into the DEBIAN directory.
22 dh_installdeb will perform substitution of known tokens of the
24 pattern #TOKEN#. In generally, scripts will want to include the
25 #DEBHELPER# to benefit from the shell scripts generated by
26 debhelper commands (including those from dh_installdeb when it
27 processes package.maintscript files).
28 The #DEBHELPER# token should be placed on its own line as it is
30 often replaced by a multi-line shell script.
31 package.triggers
33 package.shlibs
34 These control files are installed into the DEBIAN directory.
35 Note that package.shlibs is only installed in compat level 9 and
37 earlier. In compat 10, please use dh_makeshlibs(1).
38 package.conffiles
40 This file will be installed into the DEBIAN directory. The provided
41 file will be enriched by debhelper to include all the conffiles
42 auto-detected by debhelper (the maintainer should not list there as
43 debhelper assumes it should handle that part).
44 This file is primarily useful for using "special" entries such as
46 the remove-on-upgrade feature from dpkg.
47 package.maintscript
49 Lines in this file correspond to dpkg-maintscript-helper(1)
50 commands and parameters. However, the "maint-script-parameters"
51 should not be included as debhelper will add those automatically.
52 Example:
54 # Correct
56 rm_conffile /etc/obsolete.conf 0.2~ foo
57 # INCORRECT
58 rm_conffile /etc/obsolete.conf 0.2~ foo -- "$@"
59 In compat 10 or later, any shell metacharacters will be escaped, so
61 arbitrary shell code cannot be inserted here. For example, a line
62 such as "mv_conffile /etc/oldconffile /etc/newconffile" will insert
63 maintainer script snippets into all maintainer scripts sufficient
64 to move that conffile.
65 It was also the intention to escape shell metacharacters in
67 previous compat levels. However, it did not work properly and as
68 such it was possible to embed arbitrary shell code in earlier
69 compat levels.
70 The dh_installdeb tool will do some basic validation of some of the
72 commands listed in this file to catch common mistakes. The
73 validation is enabled as a warning since compat 10 and as a hard
74 error in compat 12.
75 Where possible, dh_installdeb may choose to rewrite some or all of
77 the entries into equivalent features supported in dpkg without
78 relying on maintainer scripts at its sole discretion (examples
79 include rewriting rm_conffile into dpkg's remove-on-upgrade). The
80 minimum requirement for activating this feature is that debhelper
81 runs in compat 10 or later.
82 Supports substitution variables in compat 13 and later as
84 documented in debhelper(7).
85
87 -DTOKEN=VALUE, --define TOKEN=VALUE
88 Define tokens to be replaced inside the maintainer scripts when it
89 is generated. Please note that the limitations described in
90 "Limitations in token names" also applies to tokens defined on the
91 command line. Invalid token names will trigger an error.
92 In the simple case, this parameter will cause #TOKEN# to be
94 replaced by VALUE. If VALUE starts with a literal @-sign, then
95 VALUE is expected to point to a file containing the actual value to
96 insert.
97 An explicit declared token with this parameter will replace built-
99 in tokens.
100 Test examples to aid with the understanding:
102 cat >> debian/postinst <<EOF
104 #SIMPLE#
105 #FILEBASED#
106 EOF
107 echo -n "Complex value" > some-file
108 dh_installdeb --define SIMPLE=direct --define FILEBASED=@some-file
109 In this example, #SIMPLE# will expand to direct and #FILEBASED#
111 will expand to Complex value.
112 It is also possible to set package-specific values for a given
114 token. This is useful when dh_installdeb is acting on multiple
115 packages that need different values for the same token. This is
116 done by prefixing the token name with pkg.package-name..
117 This can be used as in the following example:
119 cat >> debian/foo.postinst <<EOF
121 # Script for #PACKAGE#
122 #TOKEN#
123 EOF
124 cat >> debian/bar.postinst <<EOF
125 # Script for #PACKAGE#
126 #TOKEN#
127 EOF
128 cat >> debian/baz.postinst <<EOF
129 # Script for #PACKAGE#
130 #TOKEN#
131 EOF
132 dh_installdeb -pfoo -pbar -pbaz --define TOKEN=default --define pkg.bar.TOKEN=unique-bar-value \
133 --define pkg.baz.TOKEN=unique-baz-value
134 In this example, #TOKEN# will expand to default in
136 debian/foo.postinst, to unique-bar-value in debian/bar.postinst and
137 to unique-baz-value in debian/baz.postinst.
138 Note that the #pkg.*# tokens will be visible in all scripts acted
140 on. E.g. you can refer to #pkg.bar.TOKEN# inside
141 debian/foo.postinst and it will be replaced by unique-bar-value.
142
144 The dh_installdeb will automatically replace the following tokens
145 inside a provided maintainer script (if not replaced via -D/--define):
146 #DEBHELPER#
148 This token is by default replaced with generated shell snippets
149 debhelper commands. This includes the snippets generated by
150 dh_installdeb from package.maintscript file (if present).
151 #DEB_HOST_NAME#, #DEB_BUILD_NAME#, #DEB_TARGET_NAME#
153 These tokens are replaced with the respective variable from
154 dpkg-architecture(1). In almost all cases, you will want use the
155 #DEB_HOST_NAME variant in a script to ensure you get the right
156 value when cross-building.
157 On a best effort, tokens of this pattern that do not match a
159 variable in dpkg-architecture(1) will be left as-is.
160 #ENV.NAME#
162 These tokens of this form will be replaced with value of the
163 corresponding environment variable. If the environment variable is
164 unset, the token is replaced with the empty string.
165 Note that there are limits on which names can be used (see
167 "Limitations in token names").
168 #PACKAGE#
170 This token is by default replaced by the package name, which will
171 contain the concrete script.
172 Limitations in token names
174 All tokens intended to be substituted must match the regex:
175 #[A-Za-z0-9_.+]+#
176 Tokens that do not match that regex will be silently ignored if found
178 in the script template. Invalid token names passed to -D or --define
179 will cause dh_installdeb to reject the command with an error in most
180 cases.
181
183 debhelper(7)
184 This program is a part of debhelper.
186
188 Joey Hess <joeyh@debian.org>
18913.5.2 2021-11-02 DH_INSTALLDEB(1)