1CBMC(1)                           User Manual                          CBMC(1)
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NAME

6       cbmc - Bounded Model Checker for C/C++ and Java programs
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SYNOPSIS

9       cbmc [--property property-id] file.c ...
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11       cbmc [--show-properties] file.c ...
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13       cbmc [--all-properties] file.c ...
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15       goto-cc [-I include-path] [-c] file.c [-o outfile.o]
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17       goto-instrument infile outfile
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19
20       Only the most useful options are listed here; see below for the remain‐
21       der.
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DESCRIPTION

24       cbmc generates traces that demonstrate how an  assertion  can  be  vio‐
25       lated,  or  proves that the assertion cannot be violated within a given
26       number of loop iterations.  CBMC can read C/C++  source-code  directly,
27       or  a  goto-binary  generated  by  goto-cc.  Java programs are given as
28       class or JAR files.  Without any further options, cbmc checks all prop‐
29       erties  (automatically  generated  or user-specified) found in the pro‐
30       gram.  If any of the properties can be violated,  a  counterexample  is
31       printed and the analysis is aborted.  The analysis can be restricted to
32       a particular property with the  --property  option.   The  verification
33       result for all properties can be obtained by means of the --all-proper‐
34       ties option.
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36       goto-cc reads source code, and generates a  goto-binary.  Its  command-
37       line interface is designed to mimic that of gcc(1).  Note in particular
38       that goto-cc distinguishes between compiling and linking  phases,  just
39       as gcc does. cbmc expects a goto-binary for which linking has been com‐
40       pleted.
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42       goto-instrument reads a goto-binary, performs a given program transfor‐
43       mation, and then writes the resulting program as goto-binary on disc.
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45       The  usual  flow  is  to  (1) translate source into a goto-binary using
46       goto-cc, then (2) perform  instrumentation  with  goto-instrument,  and
47       finally (3) perform the analysis with cbmc.
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OPTIONS

50   FRONTEND OPTIONS (cbmc and goto-cc)
51       -I path
52              Set include path (C/C++)
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54       -D macro
55              Define preprocessor macro (C/C++)
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57       --preprocess
58              Stop after preprocessing
59
60       --show-symbol-table
61              Show symbol table
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63       --show-goto-functions
64              Show goto program
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66
67   ARCHITECTURAL OPTIONS (cbmc and goto-cc)
68       cbmc  by  default  uses  architectural settings that match those of the
69       machine cbmc is executed on, i.e., the settings below are  only  needed
70       when  verifying  software that is meant to run on a different architec‐
71       ture or OS. goto-cc generates a goto-binary for a particular  architec‐
72       ture, i.e., the architecture cannot be changed after the goto-binary is
73       generated.
74
75       --16, --32, --64
76              Set width of int
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78       --LP64, --ILP64, --LLP64, --ILP32, --LP32
79              Set width of int, long and pointers
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81       --little-endian
82              Allow little-endian word-byte conversions
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84       --big-endian
85              Allow big-endian word-byte conversions
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87       --unsigned-char
88              Make "char" unsigned by default
89
90       --arch Set target architecture
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92       --os   Set target operating system
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94       --no-arch
95              Don't set up an architecture
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97       --no-library
98              Disable built-in abstract C library
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100       --round-to-nearest, --round-to-plus-inf, --round-to-minus-inf, --round-
101       to-zero
102              IEEE floating point rounding mode to use when the program begins
103              (default is round to nearest). The  program  under  verification
104              can override this setting, e.g., with fesetround(3).
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106   PROGRAM INSTRUMENTATION OPTIONS (cbmc and goto-instrument)
107       Both  cbmc  and goto-instrument can generate assertions that catch spe‐
108       cific common errors, as listed below.
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110       --bounds-check
111              Enable array bounds checks
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113       --div-by-zero-check
114              Enable division by zero checks
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116       --pointer-check
117              Enable pointer checks
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119       --signed-overflow-check
120              Enable arithmetic over- and underflow checks for signed  integer
121              arithmetic
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123       --unsigned-overflow-check
124              Enable  arithmetic over- and underflow checks for unsigned inte‐
125              ger arithmetic
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127       --nan-check
128              Check floating-point computations for NaN
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130       --no-assertions
131              Ignore user-provided assertions
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133       --no-assumptions
134              Ignore user-provided assumptions
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136       --error-label label
137              Check that the given label is unreachable
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139   PROGRAM INSTRUMENTATION OPTIONS (goto-instrument only)
140       goto-instrument supports further,  more  complex,  program  transforma‐
141       tions.
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143       --nondet-volatile
144              Makes reads from volatile variables non-deterministic
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146       --isr function
147              Instruments an interrupt service routine with the given name
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149       --mmio Instruments memory-mapped I/O
150
151       --nondet-static
152              Variables with static lifetime are initialized non-deterministi‐
153              cally
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155       --dump-c
156              Output ANSI-C source code instead of a goto binary.
157
158   BMC OPTIONS (cbmc)
159       --all-properties
160              Report status of all properties
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162       --show-properties
163              Only show properties
164
165       --show-loops
166              Show the loops in the program
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168       --cover-assertions
169              Check which assertions are reachable
170
171       --function name
172              Set main function name
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174       --property id
175              Only check specific property with given identifier
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177       --program-only
178              Only show program expression
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180       --depth nr
181              Limit search depth
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183       --unwind nr
184              Unwind loops nr times
185
186       --unwindset L:B,...
187              Unwind loop L with a bound of B (use  --show-loops  to  get  the
188              loop IDs)
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190       --show-vcc
191              Show the verification conditions
192
193       --slice-formula
194              Remove assignments unrelated to property
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196       --no-unwinding-assertions
197              Do not generate unwinding assertions
198
199       --no-pretty-names
200              Do not simplify identifiers
201
202   BACKEND OPTIONS (cbmc)
203       --dimacs
204              Generate CNF in DIMACS format for use by external SAT solvers
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206       --beautify-greedy
207              Beautify the counterexample (greedy heuristic)
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209       --smt2 Output subgoals in SMT2 syntax
210
211       --boolector
212              Use Boolector (experimental)
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214       --mathsat
215              Use MathSAT (experimental)
216
217       --cvc3 Use CVC3 (experimental)
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219       --cvc4 Use CVC4 (experimental)
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221       --yices
222              Use Yices (experimental)
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224       --z3   Use Z3 (experimental)
225
226       --refine
227              Use refinement procedure (experimental)
228
229       --outfile filename
230              Output formula to given file
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232       --arrays-uf-never
233              Never turn arrays into uninterpreted functions
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235       --arrays-uf-always
236              Always turn arrays into uninterpreted functions
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ENVIRONMENT

239       All  tools honor the TMPDIR environment variable when generating tempo‐
240       rary files and directories. Furthermore note that the preprocessor used
241       by  CBMC will use environment variables to locate header files. GOTO-CC
242       aims to accept all environment variables that GCC does.
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245       2001-2016, Daniel Kroening, Edmund Clarke
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249cbmc-4.7                           JUNE 2014                           CBMC(1)
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