1SIPCALC(1) General Commands Manual SIPCALC(1)
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6 sipcalc - IP subnet calculator
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9 sipcalc [ -abcdehiInrsStuvx46 ] <[ADDRESS] [INTERFACE] ... | [ - ]>
10
12 Sipcalc is an ip subnet calculator consisting of two parts. A plain
13 text based console version, and web (cgi) based counterpart. This man‐
14 page only addresses the console based version. Sipcalc, in its sim‐
15 plest form takes an ip-address and a subnet mask on the commandline and
16 outputs information about the subnet. Sipcalc has support for both
17 IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.
18 Sipcalc can take input in three forms, an ip-address/netmask, an inter‐
20 face or via stdin using the special character -.
21 Address-IPv4
24 Address must be given in the "standard" dotted quad format, ie.:
25 xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx with an optional netmask that can be given in
26 three different ways:
27 - CIDR, ex. /n where n >= 0 <= 32.
28 - Dotted quad, ex. xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx.
29 - A hex value, ex 0xnnnnnnnn or nnnnnnnn.
30 Address-IPv6
33 Addresses may be given in any of the forms defined in RFC2373,
34 the netmask (prefix) must be given in CIDR notation. Valid val‐
35 ues for the netmask range from n >= 0 <= 128, default value if
36 netmask is omitted is 128.
37 Interface
40 Instead of taking address information from the commandline sip‐
41 calc can obtain relevant information by looking at a specified
42 interface on the system. Sipcalc then uses this information to
43 calculate output values. This option is currently only available
44 for IPv4 addresses, work is being done to support IPv6 here
45 also.
46 - Further arguments will be read from stdin, this can be useful
49 for example for cat(1) ing a list of addresses stored in a file
50 to sipcalc. Each line sent to sipcalc should contain one
51 address/netmask or interface.
52 Any number/combination of Address and Interface arguments can exist on
55 the commandline, however, the special character - must be the first
56 argument or it will be parsed as an interface. All options following
57 the - character will be discarded.
58 Features (IPv4) -
60 * Multiple address and netmask input formats.
62 * Retrieving of address information from interfaces.
64 * Classfull and CIDR output.
66 * Multiple address and netmask output formats (dotted quad, hex,
68 number of bits).
69 * Output of broadcast address, network class, Cisco wildcard,
71 hosts/range, network range.
72 * Output of multiple types of bitmaps.
74 * Output of a user-defined number of extra networks.
76 * Multiple networks input from commandline.
78 * DNS resolutions of hostnames.
80 * Parsing of a newline separated list of networks from standard
82 input (STDIN).
83 * The ability to "split" a network based on a smaller netmask,
85 also with recursive runs on the generated subnets.
86 Features (IPv6) -
89 * Compressed and expanded input addresses.
91 * Compressed and expanded output.
93 * Standard IPv6 network output.
95 * v4 in v6 output.
97 * Reverse DNS address generation.
99 * DNS resolutions of hostnames.
101 * The ability to "split" a network based on a smaller netmask,
103 also with recursive runs on the generated subnets.
104 Output.
107 Sipcalc output is divided into sections and subsections. Each section
109 starts with the string "-[type : INPUT] - n" where type can be one of
110 int-ipv4, ipv6, ipv4. INPUT is one input option from the commandline
111 and n is the number of the section that this input option has produced
112 currently displayed. Currently the only input option that produces
113 multiple output sections is an interface with multiple addresses. A
114 subsection starts with the string "[IDENTIFIER]", where IDENTIFIER is
115 an identifier for the subsection type. The subsection types are based
116 on the used commandline options. Sections always end with the single
117 character '-' alone on a line. Worth mentioning is also that sections
118 can include not only subsections, but also other sections, this cur‐
119 rently only happen when the -u and -s/-S options are used. Warn‐
120 ings/errors etc. can also be displayed in the form -[type : message].
121 Description of common output:
123 [IPv4]
125 Host address
127 The given host address.
128 Network address
130 The first address in a given range, unusable for hosts under
131 normal conditions.
132 Network mask
134 The network mask (netmask) used to specify the size of a given
135 subnet, usually represented in three different formats: dotted
136 quad (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx), hex (0xnnnnnnnn), and bits (/n where n
137 >= 0 <= 32)
138 Broadcast address
140 The broadcast address of a given subnet, usually the last
141 address in a range.
142 Cisco wildcard
144 The inverted value of the netmask (netmask ^ 0xffffffff). This
145 value is commonly used in for example access-lists on routers.
146 Addresses in network
148 The number of addresses in the given subnet.
149 Network range
151 The full subnet range.
152 Usable range
154 The range in the given subnet that is commonly used for normal
155 hosts.
156 [IPv6]
159 Expanded Address
161 The full expanded IPv6 address.
162 Compressed address
164 The IPv6 address compressed in the most efficient way possible.
165 Subnet prefix
167 The prefix of the address (in relation to the netmask), the suf‐
168 fix of the address is zeroed out.
169 Address ID
171 The suffix of the address (in relation to the netmask), the pre‐
172 fix of the address is zeroed out.
173 Prefix address
175 The IPv6 equivalent of the IPv4 netmask.
176 Prefix length
178 Number of bits set in the netmask.
179 Address type
181 The address type as defined in RFC2373.
182 Comment
184 Some addresses will have comments from the author.
185 Network range
187 The start and end addresses of the subnet.
188 Expanded v4inv6 address
190 The full expanded IPv6 address in v4inv6 format.
191 Compr. v4inv6 address
193 The compressed IPv6 address in v4inv6 format.
194 Reverse DNS
196 The address in IPv6 reverse DNS form.
197
199 -a, --all
200 Give all possible information about an address or interface,
201 this is equivalent to giving the flags -b -c -i -n 0 for IPv4
202 and -e -r -t for IPv6.
203 -b, --cidr-bitmap (IPv4)
206 Display CIDR based bitmaps.
207 -c, --classfull-addr (IPv4)
210 Display classfull address information.
211 -d, --resolve
214 Enable name resolution.
215 -e, --v4inv6 (IPv6)
218 Display v4inv6 address information.
219 -h, --help
222 Display the commandline help.
223 -i, --cidr-addr (default IPv4)
226 Display CIDR address information.
227 -I, --addr-int=INT
230 Explicitly add an interface. This can be used to circumvent the
231 sipcalc "smart parsing" of addresses/interfaces on the command‐
232 line. This can be useful if you for example for some reason have
233 an interface with the same name as an actual address, eg.
234 127.0.0.1 or ::1 etc. See also: -4 -6.
235 -n, --subnets=NUM
238 Display NUM extra subnets (starting from the current subnet).
239 Will display all subnets in the current /24 if NUM is 0.
240 -r, --v6rev (IPv6)
243 Display IPv6 reverse DNS information.
244 -s, --v4split=MASK (IPv4)
247 Split the current network into subnets of MASK size. MASK can be
248 given in dotted quad, hex or CIDR form.
249 -S, --v6split=MASK (IPv6)
252 Split the current network into subnets of MASK size. MASK must
253 be given in CIDR form, either with or with the '/' character.
254 -t, --v6-standard (default IPv6)
257 Display IPv6 address information.
258 -u, --split-verbose
261 This will put network splitting into verbose mode. This means
262 that all the subnets generated when splitting a network will be
263 passed back to sipcalc for explicit parsing giving the same out‐
264 put as if the address had been given on the commandline. All
265 options passed to sipcalc on the commandline will also be inher‐
266 ited when the subnet is passed back to sipcalc for parsing, with
267 one exception, the -s/-S flag, we don't want an endless loop.
268 Sending only the -s/-S and -u flags to sipcalc will give the
269 default output (-i for IPv4 and -t for IPv6).
270 -v, --version
273 Display version information.
274 -w, --wildcard
277 Takes a cisco wildcard (inverse mask) and display the corre‐
278 sponding regular netmask and netmask bit count.
279 -x, --classful-bitmap (IPv6)
282 Display a classfull bitmap.
283 -4, --addr-ipv4=ADDR
286 Explicitly add an IPv4 address. See also: -I -6.
287 -6, --addr-ipv6=ADDR
290 Explicitly add an IPv6 address. See also: -I -4.
291
293 Probably lots. Known missing features include getting IPv6 addresses
294 from interfaces and implementing the -n option for IPv6 addresses.
295 Please send any bugs, feature requests, patches, comments etc. to
296 simon@routemeister.net.
297
300 Sipcalc can be downloaded from http://www.routemeister.net/
301
304 Simon Ekstrand <simon@routemeister.net>.
305 19 January 2002 SIPCALC(1)