1LSBLK(8) System Administration LSBLK(8)
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6 lsblk - list block devices
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9 lsblk [options] [device...]
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12 lsblk lists information about all available or the specified block
13 devices. The lsblk command reads the sysfs filesystem and udev db to
14 gather information. If the udev db is not available or lsblk is
15 compiled without udev support, then it tries to read LABELs, UUIDs and
16 filesystem types from the block device. In this case root permissions
17 are necessary.
18 The command prints all block devices (except RAM disks) in a tree-like
20 format by default. Use lsblk --help to get a list of all available
21 columns.
22 The default output, as well as the default output from options like
24 --fs and --topology, is subject to change. So whenever possible, you
25 should avoid using default outputs in your scripts. Always explicitly
26 define expected columns by using --output columns-list and --list in
27 environments where a stable output is required.
28 Note that lsblk might be executed in time when udev does not have all
30 information about recently added or modified devices yet. In this case
31 it is recommended to use udevadm settle before lsblk to synchronize
32 with udev.
33 The relationship between block devices and filesystems is not always
35 one-to-one. The filesystem may use more block devices, or the same
36 filesystem may be accessible by more paths. This is the reason why
37 lsblk provides MOUNTPOINT and MOUNTPOINTS (pl.) columns. The column
38 MOUNTPOINT displays only one mount point (usually the last mounted
39 instance of the filesystem), and the column MOUNTPOINTS displays by
40 multi-line cell all mount points associated with the device.
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43 -a, --all
44 Also list empty devices and RAM disk devices.
45 -b, --bytes
47 Print the SIZE column in bytes rather than in a human-readable
48 format.
49 -D, --discard
51 Print information about the discarding capabilities (TRIM, UNMAP)
52 for each device.
53 -d, --nodeps
55 Do not print holder devices or slaves. For example, lsblk --nodeps
56 /dev/sda prints information about the sda device only.
57 -E, --dedup column
59 Use column as a de-duplication key to de-duplicate output tree. If
60 the key is not available for the device, or the device is a
61 partition and parental whole-disk device provides the same key than
62 the device is always printed.
63 The usual use case is to de-duplicate output on system multi-path
65 devices, for example by -E WWN.
66 -e, --exclude list
68 Exclude the devices specified by the comma-separated list of major
69 device numbers. Note that RAM disks (major=1) are excluded by
70 default if --all is not specified. The filter is applied to the
71 top-level devices only. This may be confusing for --list output
72 format where hierarchy of the devices is not obvious.
73 -f, --fs
75 Output info about filesystems. This option is equivalent to -o
76 NAME,FSTYPE,FSVER,LABEL,UUID,FSAVAIL,FSUSE%,MOUNTPOINTS. The
77 authoritative information about filesystems and raids is provided
78 by the blkid(8) command.
79 -h, --help
81 Display help text and exit.
82 -I, --include list
84 Include devices specified by the comma-separated list of major
85 device numbers. The filter is applied to the top-level devices
86 only. This may be confusing for --list output format where
87 hierarchy of the devices is not obvious.
88 -i, --ascii
90 Use ASCII characters for tree formatting.
91 -J, --json
93 Use JSON output format. It’s strongly recommended to use --output
94 and also --tree if necessary.
95 -l, --list
97 Produce output in the form of a list. The output does not provide
98 information about relationships between devices and since version
99 2.34 every device is printed only once if --pairs or --raw not
100 specified (the parsable outputs are maintained in backwardly
101 compatible way).
102 -M, --merge
104 Group parents of sub-trees to provide more readable output for
105 RAIDs and Multi-path devices. The tree-like output is required.
106 -m, --perms
108 Output info about device owner, group and mode. This option is
109 equivalent to -o NAME,SIZE,OWNER,GROUP,MODE.
110 -n, --noheadings
112 Do not print a header line.
113 -o, --output list
115 Specify which output columns to print. Use --help to get a list of
116 all supported columns. The columns may affect tree-like output. The
117 default is to use tree for the column 'NAME' (see also --tree).
118 The default list of columns may be extended if list is specified in
120 the format +list (e.g., lsblk -o +UUID).
121 -O, --output-all
123 Output all available columns.
124 -P, --pairs
126 Produce output in the form of key="value" pairs. The output lines
127 are still ordered by dependencies. All potentially unsafe value
128 characters are hex-escaped (\x<code>). The key (variable name) will
129 be modified to contain only characters allowed for a shell variable
130 identifiers, for example, MIN_IO and FSUSE_PCT instead of MIN-IO
131 and FSUSE%.
132 -p, --paths
134 Print full device paths.
135 -r, --raw
137 Produce output in raw format. The output lines are still ordered by
138 dependencies. All potentially unsafe characters are hex-escaped
139 (\x<code>) in the NAME, KNAME, LABEL, PARTLABEL and MOUNTPOINT
140 columns.
141 -S, --scsi
143 Output info about SCSI devices only. All partitions, slaves and
144 holder devices are ignored.
145 -s, --inverse
147 Print dependencies in inverse order. If the --list output is
148 requested then the lines are still ordered by dependencies.
149 -T, --tree[=column]
151 Force tree-like output format. If column is specified, then a tree
152 is printed in the column. The default is NAME column.
153 -t, --topology
155 Output info about block-device topology. This option is equivalent
156 to
157 -o
159 NAME,ALIGNMENT,MIN-IO,OPT-IO,PHY-SEC,LOG-SEC,ROTA,SCHED,RQ-SIZE,RA,WSAME.
160 -V, --version
162 Display version information and exit.
163 -w, --width number
165 Specifies output width as a number of characters. The default is
166 the number of the terminal columns, and if not executed on a
167 terminal, then output width is not restricted at all by default.
168 This option also forces lsblk to assume that terminal control
169 characters and unsafe characters are not allowed. The expected
170 use-case is for example when lsblk is used by the watch(1) command.
171 -x, --sort column
173 Sort output lines by column. This option enables --list output
174 format by default. It is possible to use the option --tree to force
175 tree-like output and than the tree branches are sorted by the
176 column.
177 -z, --zoned
179 Print the zone model for each device.
180 --sysroot directory
182 Gather data for a Linux instance other than the instance from which
183 the lsblk command is issued. The specified directory is the system
184 root of the Linux instance to be inspected. The real device nodes
185 in the target directory can be replaced by text files with udev
186 attributes.
187
189 0
190 success
191 1
193 failure
194 32
196 none of specified devices found
197 64
199 some specified devices found, some not found
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202 LSBLK_DEBUG=all
203 enables lsblk debug output.
204 LIBBLKID_DEBUG=all
206 enables libblkid debug output.
207 LIBMOUNT_DEBUG=all
209 enables libmount debug output.
210 LIBSMARTCOLS_DEBUG=all
212 enables libsmartcols debug output.
213 LIBSMARTCOLS_DEBUG_PADDING=on
215 use visible padding characters.
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218 For partitions, some information (e.g., queue attributes) is inherited
219 from the parent device.
220 The lsblk command needs to be able to look up each block device by
222 major:minor numbers, which is done by using /sys/dev/block. This sysfs
223 block directory appeared in kernel 2.6.27 (October 2008). In case of
224 problems with a new enough kernel, check that CONFIG_SYSFS was enabled
225 at the time of the kernel build.
226
228 Milan Broz <mbroz@redhat.com>, Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
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231 ls(1), blkid(8), findmnt(8)
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234 For bug reports, use the issue tracker at
235 https://github.com/karelzak/util-linux/issues.
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238 The lsblk command is part of the util-linux package which can be
239 downloaded from Linux Kernel Archive
240 <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/>.
241util-linux 2.37.2 2021-08-16 LSBLK(8)