1TRANSVERSEMERCATORPROJ(1) GeographicLib Utilities TRANSVERSEMERCATORPROJ(1)
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6 TransverseMercatorProj -- perform transverse Mercator projection
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9 TransverseMercatorProj [ -s | -t ] [ -l lon0 ] [ -k k0 ] [ -r ] [ -e a
10 f ] [ -w ] [ -p prec ] [ --comment-delimiter commentdelim ] [ --version
11 | -h | --help ] [ --input-file infile | --input-string instring ] [
12 --line-separator linesep ] [ --output-file outfile ]
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15 Perform the transverse Mercator projections. Convert geodetic
16 coordinates to transverse Mercator coordinates. The central meridian
17 is given by lon0. The longitude of origin is the equator. The scale
18 on the central meridian is k0. By default an implementation of the
19 exact transverse Mercator projection is used.
20 Geodetic coordinates are provided on standard input as a set of lines
22 containing (blank separated) latitude and longitude (decimal degrees or
23 degrees, minutes, seconds); for detils on the allowed formats for
24 latitude and longitude, see the "GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES" section of
25 GeoConvert(1). For each set of geodetic coordinates, the corresponding
26 projected easting, x, and northing, y, (meters) are printed on standard
27 output together with the meridian convergence gamma (degrees) and scale
28 k. The meridian convergence is the bearing of grid north (the y axis)
29 measured clockwise from true north.
30
32 -s use the sixth-order Krueger series approximation to the transverse
33 Mercator projection instead of the exact projection.
34 -t use the exact algorithm with the "EXTENDED DOMAIN"; this is the
36 default.
37 -l lon0
39 specify the longitude of origin lon0 (degrees, default 0).
40 -k k0
42 specify the scale k0 on the central meridian (default 0.9996).
43 -r perform the reverse projection. x and y are given on standard
45 input and each line of standard output gives latitude, longitude,
46 gamma, and k.
47 -e a f
49 specify the ellipsoid via the equatorial radius, a and the
50 flattening, f. Setting f = 0 results in a sphere. Specify f < 0
51 for a prolate ellipsoid. A simple fraction, e.g., 1/297, is
52 allowed for f. By default, the WGS84 ellipsoid is used, a =
53 6378137 m, f = 1/298.257223563. If the exact algorithm is used, f
54 must be positive.
55 -w on input and output, longitude precedes latitude (except that on
57 input this can be overridden by a hemisphere designator, N, S, E,
58 W).
59 -p prec
61 set the output precision to prec (default 6). prec is the number
62 of digits after the decimal point for lengths (in meters). For
63 latitudes and longitudes (in degrees), the number of digits after
64 the decimal point is prec + 5. For the convergence (in degrees)
65 and scale, the number of digits after the decimal point is prec +
66 6.
67 --comment-delimiter commentdelim
69 set the comment delimiter to commentdelim (e.g., "#" or "//"). If
70 set, the input lines will be scanned for this delimiter and, if
71 found, the delimiter and the rest of the line will be removed prior
72 to processing and subsequently appended to the output line
73 (separated by a space).
74 --version
76 print version and exit.
77 -h print usage and exit.
79 --help
81 print full documentation and exit.
82 --input-file infile
84 read input from the file infile instead of from standard input; a
85 file name of "-" stands for standard input.
86 --input-string instring
88 read input from the string instring instead of from standard input.
89 All occurrences of the line separator character (default is a
90 semicolon) in instring are converted to newlines before the reading
91 begins.
92 --line-separator linesep
94 set the line separator character to linesep. By default this is a
95 semicolon.
96 --output-file outfile
98 write output to the file outfile instead of to standard output; a
99 file name of "-" stands for standard output.
100
102 The exact transverse Mercator projection has a branch point on the
103 equator at longitudes (relative to lon0) of +/- (1 - e) 90 = 82.636...,
104 where e is the eccentricity of the ellipsoid. The standard convention
105 for handling this branch point is to map positive (negative) latitudes
106 into positive (negative) northings y; i.e., a branch cut is placed on
107 the equator. With the extended domain, the northern sheet of the
108 projection is extended into the south hemisphere by pushing the branch
109 cut south from the branch points. See the reference below for details.
110
112 echo 0 90 | TransverseMercatorProj
113 => 25953592.84 9997964.94 90 18.40
114 echo 260e5 100e5 | TransverseMercatorProj -r
115 => -0.02 90.00 90.01 18.48
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118 An illegal line of input will print an error message to standard output
119 beginning with "ERROR:" and causes TransverseMercatorProj to return an
120 exit code of 1. However, an error does not cause
121 TransverseMercatorProj to terminate; following lines will be converted.
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124 TransverseMercatorProj was written by Charles Karney.
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127 The algorithms for the transverse Mercator projection are described in
128 C. F. F. Karney, Transverse Mercator with an accuracy of a few
129 nanometers, J. Geodesy 85(8), 475-485 (Aug. 2011); DOI
130 <https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-011-0445-3>; preprint
131 <https://arxiv.org/abs/1002.1417>. The explanation of the extended
132 domain of the projection with the -t option is given in Section 5 of
133 this paper.
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136 TransverseMercatorProj was added to GeographicLib,
137 <https://geographiclib.sourceforge.io>, in 2009-01. Prior to version
138 1.9 it was called TransverseMercatorTest (and its interface was
139 slightly different).
140GeographicLib 1.52 2022-02-24 TRANSVERSEMERCATORPROJ(1)