1PERL5320DELTA(1)       Perl Programmers Reference Guide       PERL5320DELTA(1)
2
3
4

NAME

6       perl5320delta - what is new for perl v5.32.0
7

DESCRIPTION

9       This document describes differences between the 5.30.0 release and the
10       5.32.0 release.
11
12       If you are upgrading from an earlier release such as 5.28.0, first read
13       perl5300delta, which describes differences between 5.28.0 and 5.30.0.
14

Core Enhancements

16   The isa Operator
17       A new experimental infix operator called "isa" tests whether a given
18       object is an instance of a given class or a class derived from it:
19
20           if( $obj isa Package::Name ) { ... }
21
22       For more detail see "Class Instance Operator" in perlop.
23
24   Unicode 13.0 is supported
25       See <https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode13.0.0/> for details.
26
27   Chained comparisons capability
28       Some comparison operators, as their associativity, chain with some
29       operators of the same precedence (but never with operators of different
30       precedence).
31
32           if ( $x < $y <= $z ) {...}
33
34       behaves exactly like:
35
36           if ( $x < $y && $y <= $z ) {...}
37
38       (assuming that "$y" is as simple a scalar as it looks.)
39
40       You can read more about this in perlop under "Operator Precedence and
41       Associativity" in perlop.
42
43   New Unicode properties "Identifier_Status" and "Identifier_Type" supported
44       Unicode has revised its regular expression requirements:
45       <https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr18/tr18-21.html>.  As part of that
46       they are wanting more properties to be exposed, ones that aren't part
47       of the strict UCD (Unicode character database). These two are used for
48       examining inputs for security purposes. Details on their usage is at
49       <https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr39/>.
50
51   It is now possible to write "qr/\p{Name=...}/", or
52       "qr!\p{na=/(SMILING|GRINNING) FACE/}!"
53       The Unicode Name property is now accessible in regular expression
54       patterns, as an alternative to "\N{...}".  A comparison of the two
55       methods is given in "Comparison of \N{...} and \p{name=...}" in
56       perlunicode.
57
58       The second example above shows that wildcard subpatterns are also
59       usable in this property. See "Wildcards in Property Values" in
60       perlunicode.
61
62   Improvement of "POSIX::mblen()", "mbtowc", and "wctomb"
63       The "POSIX::mblen()", "mbtowc", and "wctomb" functions now work on
64       shift state locales and are thread-safe on C99 and above compilers when
65       executed on a platform that has locale thread-safety; the length
66       parameters are now optional.
67
68       These functions are always executed under the current C language
69       locale.  (See perllocale.)  Most locales are stateless, but a few,
70       notably the very rarely encountered ISO 2022, maintain a state between
71       calls to these functions. Previously the state was cleared on every
72       call, but now the state is not reset unless the appropriate parameter
73       is "undef".
74
75       On threaded perls, the C99 functions mbrlen(3), mbrtowc(3), and
76       wcrtomb(3), when available, are substituted for the plain functions.
77       This makes these functions thread-safe when executing on a locale
78       thread-safe platform.
79
80       The string length parameters in "mblen" and "mbtowc" are now optional;
81       useful only if you wish to restrict the length parsed in the source
82       string to less than the actual length.
83
84   Alpha assertions are no longer experimental
85       See "(*pla:pattern)" in perlre, "(*plb:pattern)" in perlre,
86       "(*nla:pattern)" in perlre>, and "(*nlb:pattern)" in perlre.  Use of
87       these no longer generates a warning; existing code that disables the
88       warning category "experimental::alpha_assertions" will continue to work
89       without any changes needed. Enabling the category has no effect.
90
91   Script runs are no longer experimental
92       See "Script Runs" in perlre. Use of these no longer generates a
93       warning; existing code that disables the warning category
94       "experimental::script_run" will continue to work without any changes
95       needed. Enabling the category has no effect.
96
97   Feature checks are now faster
98       Previously feature checks in the parser required a hash lookup when
99       features were set outside of a feature bundle, this has been optimized
100       to a bit mask check. [GH #17229
101       <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17229>]
102
103   Perl is now developed on GitHub
104       Perl is now developed on GitHub. You can find us at
105       <https://github.com/Perl/perl5>.
106
107       Non-security bugs should now be reported via GitHub. Security issues
108       should continue to be reported as documented in perlsec.
109
110   Compiled patterns can now be dumped before optimization
111       This is primarily useful for tracking down bugs in the regular
112       expression compiler. This dump happens on "-DDEBUGGING" perls, if you
113       specify "-Drv" on the command line; or on any perl if the pattern is
114       compiled within the scope of "use re qw(Debug DUMP_PRE_OPTIMIZE)" or
115       "use re qw(Debug COMPILE EXTRA)". (All but the second case display
116       other information as well.)
117

Security

119   [CVE-2020-10543] Buffer overflow caused by a crafted regular expression
120       A signed "size_t" integer overflow in the storage space calculations
121       for nested regular expression quantifiers could cause a heap buffer
122       overflow in Perl's regular expression compiler that overwrites memory
123       allocated after the regular expression storage space with attacker
124       supplied data.
125
126       The target system needs a sufficient amount of memory to allocate
127       partial expansions of the nested quantifiers prior to the overflow
128       occurring.  This requirement is unlikely to be met on 64-bit systems.
129
130       Discovered by: ManhND of The Tarantula Team, VinCSS (a member of
131       Vingroup).
132
133   [CVE-2020-10878] Integer overflow via malformed bytecode produced by a
134       crafted regular expression
135       Integer overflows in the calculation of offsets between instructions
136       for the regular expression engine could cause corruption of the
137       intermediate language state of a compiled regular expression.  An
138       attacker could abuse this behaviour to insert instructions into the
139       compiled form of a Perl regular expression.
140
141       Discovered by: Hugo van der Sanden and Slaven Rezic.
142
143   [CVE-2020-12723] Buffer overflow caused by a crafted regular expression
144       Recursive calls to "S_study_chunk()" by Perl's regular expression
145       compiler to optimize the intermediate language representation of a
146       regular expression could cause corruption of the intermediate language
147       state of a compiled regular expression.
148
149       Discovered by: Sergey Aleynikov.
150
151   Additional Note
152       An application written in Perl would only be vulnerable to any of the
153       above flaws if it evaluates regular expressions supplied by the
154       attacker.  Evaluating regular expressions in this fashion is known to
155       be dangerous since the regular expression engine does not protect
156       against denial of service attacks in this usage scenario.
157

Incompatible Changes

159   Certain pattern matching features are now prohibited in compiling Unicode
160       property value wildcard subpatterns
161       These few features are either inappropriate or interfere with the
162       algorithm used to accomplish this task. The complete list is in
163       "Wildcards in Property Values" in perlunicode.
164
165   Unused functions "POSIX::mbstowcs" and "POSIX::wcstombs" are removed
166       These functions could never have worked due to a defective interface
167       specification. There is clearly no demand for them, given that no one
168       has ever complained in the many years the functions were claimed to be
169       available, hence so-called "support" for them is now dropped.
170
171   A bug fix for "(?[...])" may have caused some patterns to no longer compile
172       See "Selected Bug Fixes". The heuristics previously used may have let
173       some constructs compile (perhaps not with the programmer's intended
174       effect) that should have been errors. None are known, but it is
175       possible that some erroneous constructs no longer compile.
176
177   "\p{user-defined}" properties now always override official Unicode ones
178       Previously, if and only if a user-defined property was declared prior
179       to the compilation of the regular expression pattern that contains it,
180       its definition was used instead of any official Unicode property with
181       the same name. Now, it always overrides the official property. This
182       change could break existing code that relied (likely unwittingly) on
183       the previous behavior. Without this fix, if Unicode released a new
184       version with a new property that happens to have the same name as the
185       one you had long been using, your program would break when you upgraded
186       to a perl that used that new Unicode version. See "User-Defined
187       Character Properties" in perlunicode. [GH #17205
188       <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17205>]
189
190   Modifiable variables are no longer permitted in constants
191       Code like:
192
193           my $var;
194           $sub = sub () { $var };
195
196       where $var is referenced elsewhere in some sort of modifiable context
197       now produces an exception when the sub is defined.
198
199       This error can be avoided by adding a return to the sub definition:
200
201           $sub = sub () { return $var };
202
203       This has been deprecated since Perl 5.22.  [GH #17020]
204       <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17020>
205
206   Use of "vec" on strings with code points above 0xFF is forbidden
207       Such strings are represented internally in UTF-8, and "vec" is a bit-
208       oriented operation that will likely give unexpected results on those
209       strings. This was deprecated in perl 5.28.0.
210
211   Use of code points over 0xFF in string bitwise operators
212       Some uses of these were already illegal after a previous deprecation
213       cycle. The remaining uses are now prohibited, having been deprecated in
214       perl 5.28.0. See perldeprecation.
215
216   "Sys::Hostname::hostname()" does not accept arguments
217       This usage was deprecated in perl 5.28.0 and is now fatal.
218
219   Plain "0" string now treated as a number for range operator
220       Previously a range "0" .. "-1" would produce a range of numeric strings
221       from "0" through "99"; this now produces an empty list, just as "0 ..
222       -1" does. This also means that "0" .. "9" now produces a list of
223       integers, where previously it would produce a list of strings.
224
225       This was due to a special case that treated strings starting with "0"
226       as strings so ranges like "00" .. "03" produced "00", "01", "02", "03",
227       but didn't specially handle the string "0".  [GH #16770]
228       <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/16770>
229
230   "\K" now disallowed in look-ahead and look-behind assertions
231       This was disallowed because it causes unexpected behaviour, and no-one
232       could define what the desired behaviour should be.  [GH #14638]
233       <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/14638>
234

Performance Enhancements

236       •   "my_strnlen" has been sped up for systems that don't have their own
237           "strnlen" implementation.
238
239       •   "grok_bin_oct_hex" (and so, "grok_bin", "grok_oct", and "grok_hex")
240           have been sped up.
241
242       •   "grok_number_flags" has been sped up.
243
244       •   "sort" is now noticeably faster in cases such as "sort {$a <=> $b}"
245           or "sort {$b <=> $a}". [GH #17608
246           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/pull/17608>]
247

Modules and Pragmata

249   Updated Modules and Pragmata
250       •   Archive::Tar has been upgraded from version 2.32 to 2.36.
251
252       •   autodie has been upgraded from version 2.29 to 2.32.
253
254       •   B has been upgraded from version 1.76 to 1.80.
255
256       •   B::Deparse has been upgraded from version 1.49 to 1.54.
257
258       •   Benchmark has been upgraded from version 1.22 to 1.23.
259
260       •   charnames has been upgraded from version 1.45 to 1.48.
261
262       •   Class::Struct has been upgraded from version 0.65 to 0.66.
263
264       •   Compress::Raw::Bzip2 has been upgraded from version 2.084 to 2.093.
265
266       •   Compress::Raw::Zlib has been upgraded from version 2.084 to 2.093.
267
268       •   CPAN has been upgraded from version 2.22 to 2.27.
269
270       •   DB_File has been upgraded from version 1.843 to 1.853.
271
272       •   Devel::PPPort has been upgraded from version 3.52 to 3.57.
273
274           The test files generated on Win32 are now identical to when they
275           are generated on POSIX-like systems.
276
277       •   diagnostics has been upgraded from version 1.36 to 1.37.
278
279       •   Digest::MD5 has been upgraded from version 2.55 to 2.55_01.
280
281       •   Dumpvalue has been upgraded from version 1.18 to 1.21.
282
283           Previously, when dumping elements of an array and encountering an
284           undefined value, the string printed would have been "empty array".
285           This has been changed to what was apparently originally intended:
286           "empty slot".
287
288       •   DynaLoader has been upgraded from version 1.45 to 1.47.
289
290       •   Encode has been upgraded from version 3.01 to 3.06.
291
292       •   encoding has been upgraded from version 2.22 to 3.00.
293
294       •   English has been upgraded from version 1.10 to 1.11.
295
296       •   Exporter has been upgraded from version 5.73 to 5.74.
297
298       •   ExtUtils::CBuilder has been upgraded from version 0.280231 to
299           0.280234.
300
301       •   ExtUtils::MakeMaker has been upgraded from version 7.34 to 7.44.
302
303       •   feature has been upgraded from version 1.54 to 1.58.
304
305           A new "indirect" feature has been added, which is enabled by
306           default but allows turning off indirect object syntax.
307
308       •   File::Find has been upgraded from version 1.36 to 1.37.
309
310           On Win32, the tests no longer require either a file in the drive
311           root directory, or a writable root directory.
312
313       •   File::Glob has been upgraded from version 1.32 to 1.33.
314
315       •   File::stat has been upgraded from version 1.08 to 1.09.
316
317       •   Filter::Simple has been upgraded from version 0.95 to 0.96.
318
319       •   Getopt::Long has been upgraded from version 2.5 to 2.51.
320
321       •   Hash::Util has been upgraded from version 0.22 to 0.23.
322
323           The Synopsis has been updated as the example code stopped working
324           with newer perls.  [GH #17399
325           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17399>]
326
327       •   I18N::Langinfo has been upgraded from version 0.18 to 0.19.
328
329       •   I18N::LangTags has been upgraded from version 0.43 to 0.44.
330
331           Document the "IGNORE_WIN32_LOCALE" environment variable.
332
333       •   IO has been upgraded from version 1.40 to 1.43.
334
335           IO::Socket no longer caches a zero protocol value, since this
336           indicates that the implementation will select a protocol. This
337           means that on platforms that don't implement "SO_PROTOCOL" for a
338           given socket type the protocol method may return "undef".
339
340           The supplied TO is now always honoured on calls to the "send()"
341           method. [GH #16891] <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/16891>
342
343       •   IO-Compress has been upgraded from version 2.084 to 2.093.
344
345       •   IPC::Cmd has been upgraded from version 1.02 to 1.04.
346
347       •   IPC::Open3 has been upgraded from version 1.20 to 1.21.
348
349       •   JSON::PP has been upgraded from version 4.02 to 4.04.
350
351       •   Math::BigInt has been upgraded from version 1.999816 to 1.999818.
352
353       •   Math::BigInt::FastCalc has been upgraded from version 0.5008 to
354           0.5009.
355
356       •   Module::CoreList has been upgraded from version 5.20190522 to
357           5.20200620.
358
359       •   Module::Load::Conditional has been upgraded from version 0.68 to
360           0.70.
361
362       •   Module::Metadata has been upgraded from version 1.000036 to
363           1.000037.
364
365       •   mro has been upgraded from version 1.22 to 1.23.
366
367       •   Net::Ping has been upgraded from version 2.71 to 2.72.
368
369       •   Opcode has been upgraded from version 1.43 to 1.47.
370
371       •   open has been upgraded from version 1.11 to 1.12.
372
373       •   overload has been upgraded from version 1.30 to 1.31.
374
375       •   parent has been upgraded from version 0.237 to 0.238.
376
377       •   perlfaq has been upgraded from version 5.20190126 to 5.20200523.
378
379       •   PerlIO has been upgraded from version 1.10 to 1.11.
380
381       •   PerlIO::encoding has been upgraded from version 0.27 to 0.28.
382
383       •   PerlIO::via has been upgraded from version 0.17 to 0.18.
384
385       •   Pod::Html has been upgraded from version 1.24 to 1.25.
386
387       •   Pod::Simple has been upgraded from version 3.35 to 3.40.
388
389       •   podlators has been upgraded from version 4.11 to 4.14.
390
391       •   POSIX has been upgraded from version 1.88 to 1.94.
392
393       •   re has been upgraded from version 0.37 to 0.40.
394
395       •   Safe has been upgraded from version 2.40 to 2.41.
396
397       •   Scalar::Util has been upgraded from version 1.50 to 1.55.
398
399       •   SelfLoader has been upgraded from version 1.25 to 1.26.
400
401       •   Socket has been upgraded from version 2.027 to 2.029.
402
403       •   Storable has been upgraded from version 3.15 to 3.21.
404
405           Use of "note()" from Test::More is now optional in tests. This
406           works around a circular dependency with Test::More when installing
407           on very old perls from CPAN.
408
409           Vstring magic strings over 2GB are now disallowed.
410
411           Regular expressions objects weren't properly counted for object id
412           purposes on retrieve. This would corrupt the resulting structure,
413           or cause a runtime error in some cases. [GH #17037]
414           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17037>
415
416       •   Sys::Hostname has been upgraded from version 1.22 to 1.23.
417
418       •   Sys::Syslog has been upgraded from version 0.35 to 0.36.
419
420       •   Term::ANSIColor has been upgraded from version 4.06 to 5.01.
421
422       •   Test::Simple has been upgraded from version 1.302162 to 1.302175.
423
424       •   Thread has been upgraded from version 3.04 to 3.05.
425
426       •   Thread::Queue has been upgraded from version 3.13 to 3.14.
427
428       •   threads has been upgraded from version 2.22 to 2.25.
429
430       •   threads::shared has been upgraded from version 1.60 to 1.61.
431
432       •   Tie::File has been upgraded from version 1.02 to 1.06.
433
434       •   Tie::Hash::NamedCapture has been upgraded from version 0.10 to
435           0.13.
436
437       •   Tie::Scalar has been upgraded from version 1.04 to 1.05.
438
439       •   Tie::StdHandle has been upgraded from version 4.5 to 4.6.
440
441       •   Time::HiRes has been upgraded from version 1.9760 to 1.9764.
442
443           Removed obsolete code such as support for pre-5.6 perl and classic
444           MacOS. [GH #17096] <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17096>
445
446       •   Time::Piece has been upgraded from version 1.33 to 1.3401.
447
448       •   Unicode::Normalize has been upgraded from version 1.26 to 1.27.
449
450       •   Unicode::UCD has been upgraded from version 0.72 to 0.75.
451
452       •   VMS::Stdio has been upgraded from version 2.44 to 2.45.
453
454       •   warnings has been upgraded from version 1.44 to 1.47.
455
456       •   Win32 has been upgraded from version 0.52 to 0.53.
457
458       •   Win32API::File has been upgraded from version 0.1203 to 0.1203_01.
459
460       •   XS::APItest has been upgraded from version 1.00 to 1.09.
461
462   Removed Modules and Pragmata
463       •   Pod::Parser has been removed from the core distribution.  It still
464           is available for download from CPAN. This resolves [#13194
465           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/13194>].
466

Documentation

468   Changes to Existing Documentation
469       We have attempted to update the documentation to reflect the changes
470       listed in this document. If you find any we have missed, open an issue
471       at <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues>.
472
473       Additionally, the following selected changes have been made:
474
475       perldebguts
476
477       •   Simplify a few regnode definitions
478
479           Update "BOUND" and "NBOUND" definitions.
480
481       •   Add ANYOFHs regnode
482
483           This node is like "ANYOFHb", but is used when more than one leading
484           byte is the same in all the matched code points.
485
486           "ANYOFHb" is used to avoid having to convert from UTF-8 to code
487           point for something that won't match. It checks that the first byte
488           in the UTF-8 encoded target is the desired one, thus ruling out
489           most of the possible code points.
490
491       perlapi
492
493       •   "sv_2pvbyte" updated to mention it will croak if the SV cannot be
494           downgraded.
495
496       •   "sv_setpvn" updated to mention that the UTF-8 flag will not be
497           changed by this function, and a terminating NUL byte is guaranteed.
498
499       •   Documentation for "PL_phase" has been added.
500
501       •   The documentation for "grok_bin", "grok_oct", and "grok_hex" has
502           been updated and clarified.
503
504       perldiag
505
506       •   Add documentation for experimental 'isa' operator
507
508           (S experimental::isa) This warning is emitted if you use the
509           ("isa") operator. This operator is currently experimental and its
510           behaviour may change in future releases of Perl.
511
512       perlfunc
513
514       "caller"
515           Like "__FILE__" and "__LINE__", the filename and line number
516           returned here may be altered by the mechanism described at "Plain
517           Old Comments (Not!)" in perlsyn.
518
519       "__FILE__"
520           It can be altered by the mechanism described at "Plain Old Comments
521           (Not!)" in perlsyn.
522
523       "__LINE__"
524           It can be altered by the mechanism described at "Plain Old Comments
525           (Not!)" in perlsyn.
526
527       "return"
528           Now mentions that you cannot return from "do BLOCK".
529
530       "open"
531           The "open()" section had been renovated significantly.
532
533       perlguts
534
535       •   No longer suggesting using perl's "malloc". Modern system "malloc"
536           is assumed to be much better than perl's implementation now.
537
538       •   Documentation about embed.fnc flags has been removed. embed.fnc now
539           has sufficient comments within it. Anyone changing that file will
540           see those comments first, so entries here are now redundant.
541
542       •   Updated documentation for "UTF8f"
543
544       •   Added missing "=for apidoc" lines
545
546       perlhacktips
547
548       •   The differences between Perl strings and C strings are now
549           detailed.
550
551       perlintro
552
553       •   The documentation for the repetition operator "x" have been
554           clarified.  [GH #17335
555           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17335>]
556
557       perlipc
558
559       •   The documentation surrounding "open" and handle usage has been
560           modernized to prefer 3-arg open and lexical variables instead of
561           barewords.
562
563       •   Various updates and fixes including making all examples strict-safe
564           and replacing "-w" with "use warnings".
565
566       perlop
567
568       •   'isa' operator is experimental
569
570           This is an experimental feature and is available when enabled by
571           "use feature 'isa'". It emits a warning in the "experimental::isa"
572           category.
573
574       perlpod
575
576       •   Details of the various stacks within the perl interpreter are now
577           explained here.
578
579       •   Advice has been added regarding the usage of "Z<>".
580
581       perlport
582
583       •   Update "timegm" example to use the correct year format 1970 instead
584           of 70.  [GH #16431 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/16431>]
585
586       perlreref
587
588       •   Fix some typos.
589
590       perlvar
591
592       •   Now recommends stringifying $] and comparing it numerically.
593
594       perlapi, perlintern
595
596       •   Documentation has been added for several functions that were
597           lacking it before.
598
599       perlxs
600
601       •   Suggest using "libffi" for simple library bindings via CPAN modules
602           like FFI::Platypus or FFI::Raw.
603
604       POSIX
605
606       •   "setlocale" warning about threaded builds updated to note it does
607           not apply on Perl 5.28.X and later.
608
609       •   "Posix::SigSet->new(...)" updated to state it throws an error if
610           any of the supplied signals cannot be added to the set.
611
612       Additionally, the following selected changes have been made:
613
614       Updating of links
615
616       •   Links to the now defunct <https://search.cpan.org> site now point
617           at the equivalent <https://metacpan.org> URL. [GH #17393
618           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17393>]
619
620       •   The man page for ExtUtils::XSSymSet is now only installed on VMS,
621           which is the only platform the module is installed on. [GH #17424
622           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17424>]
623
624       •   URLs have been changed to "https://" and stale links have been
625           updated.
626
627           Where applicable, the URLs in the documentation have been moved
628           from using the "http://" protocol to "https://". This also affects
629           the location of the bug tracker at <https://rt.perl.org>.
630
631       •   Some links to OS/2 libraries, Address Sanitizer and other system
632           tools had gone stale. These have been updated with working links.
633
634       •   Some links to old email addresses on perl5-porters had gone stale.
635           These have been updated with working links.
636

Diagnostics

638       The following additions or changes have been made to diagnostic output,
639       including warnings and fatal error messages. For the complete list of
640       diagnostic messages, see perldiag.
641
642   New Diagnostics
643       New Errors
644
645       •   Expecting interpolated extended charclass in regex; marked by <--
646           HERE in m/%s/
647
648           This is a replacement for several error messages listed under
649           "Changes to Existing Diagnostics".
650
651       •   "No digits found for %s literal"
652
653           (F) No hexadecimal digits were found following "0x" or no binary
654           digits were found following "0b".
655
656       New Warnings
657
658       •   Code point 0x%X is not Unicode, and not portable
659
660           This is actually not a new message, but it is now output when the
661           warnings category "portable" is enabled.
662
663           When raised during regular expression pattern compilation, the
664           warning has extra text added at the end marking where precisely in
665           the pattern it occurred.
666
667       •   Non-hex character '%c' terminates \x early.  Resolved as "%s"
668
669           This replaces a warning that was much less specific, and which gave
670           false information. This new warning parallels the similar already-
671           existing one raised for "\o{}".
672
673   Changes to Existing Diagnostics
674       •   Character following "\c" must be printable ASCII
675
676           ...now has extra text added at the end, when raised during regular
677           expression pattern compilation, marking where precisely in the
678           pattern it occurred.
679
680       •   Use "%s" instead of "%s"
681
682           ...now has extra text added at the end, when raised during regular
683           expression pattern compilation, marking where precisely in the
684           pattern it occurred.
685
686       •   Sequence "\c{" invalid
687
688           ...now has extra text added at the end, when raised during regular
689           expression pattern compilation, marking where precisely in the
690           pattern it occurred.
691
692       •   "\c%c" is more clearly written simply as "%s"
693
694           ...now has extra text added at the end, when raised during regular
695           expression pattern compilation, marking where precisely in the
696           pattern it occurred.
697
698       •   Non-octal character '%c' terminates \o early.  Resolved as "%s"
699
700           ...now includes the phrase "terminates \o early", and has extra
701           text added at the end, when raised during regular expression
702           pattern compilation, marking where precisely in the pattern it
703           occurred. In some instances the text of the resolution has been
704           clarified.
705
706       •   '%s' resolved to '\o{%s}%d'
707
708           As of Perl 5.32, this message is no longer generated. Instead,
709           "Non-octal character '%c' terminates \o early.  Resolved as "%s""
710           in perldiag is used instead.
711
712       •   Use of code point 0x%s is not allowed; the permissible max is 0x%X
713
714           Some instances of this message previously output the hex digits
715           "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", and "F" in lower case. Now they are all
716           consistently upper case.
717
718       •   The following three diagnostics have been removed, and replaced by
719           "Expecting interpolated extended charclass in regex; marked by <--
720           HERE in m/%s/" : "Expecting close paren for nested extended
721           charclass in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/", "Expecting close
722           paren for wrapper for nested extended charclass in regex; marked by
723           <-- HERE in m/%s/", and "Expecting '(?flags:(?[...' in regex;
724           marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/".
725
726       •   The "Code point 0x%X is not Unicode, and not portable" warning
727           removed the line "Code points above 0xFFFF_FFFF require larger than
728           a 32 bit word."  as code points that large are no longer legal on
729           32-bit platforms.
730
731       •   Can't use global %s in %s
732
733           This error message has been slightly reformatted from the original
734           "Can't use global %s in "%s"", and in particular misleading error
735           messages like "Can't use global $_ in "my"" are now rendered as
736           "Can't use global $_ in subroutine signature".
737
738       •   Constants from lexical variables potentially modified elsewhere are
739           no longer permitted
740
741           This error message replaces the former "Constants from lexical
742           variables potentially modified elsewhere are deprecated. This will
743           not be allowed in Perl 5.32" to reflect the fact that this
744           previously deprecated usage has now been transformed into an
745           exception. The message's classification has also been updated from
746           D (deprecated) to F (fatal).
747
748           See also "Incompatible Changes".
749
750       •   "\N{} here is restricted to one character" is now emitted in the
751           same circumstances where previously "\N{} in inverted character
752           class or as a range end-point is restricted to one character" was.
753
754           This is due to new circumstances having been added in Perl 5.30
755           that weren't covered by the earlier wording.
756

Utility Changes

758   perlbug
759       •   The bug tracker homepage URL now points to GitHub.
760
761   streamzip
762       •   This is a new utility, included as part of an IO::Compress::Base
763           upgrade.
764
765           streamzip creates a zip file from stdin. The program will read data
766           from stdin, compress it into a zip container and, by default, write
767           a streamed zip file to stdout.
768

Configuration and Compilation

770   Configure
771       •   For clang++, add "#include <stdlib.h>" to Configure's probes for
772           "futimes", "strtoll", "strtoul", "strtoull", "strtouq", otherwise
773           the probes would fail to compile.
774
775       •   Use a compile and run test for "lchown" to satisfy clang++ which
776           should more reliably detect it.
777
778       •   For C++ compilers, add "#include <stdio.h>" to Configure's probes
779           for "getpgrp" and "setpgrp" as they use printf and C++ compilers
780           may fail compilation instead of just warning.
781
782       •   Check if the compiler can handle inline attribute.
783
784       •   Check for character data alignment.
785
786Configure now correctly handles gcc-10. Previously it was
787           interpreting it as gcc-1 and turned on "-fpcc-struct-return".
788
789       •   Perl now no longer probes for "d_u32align", defaulting to "define"
790           on all platforms. This check was error-prone when it was done,
791           which was on 32-bit platforms only.  [GH #16680]
792           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/16680>
793
794       •   Documentation and hints for building perl on Z/OS (native EBCDIC)
795           have been updated. This is still a work in progress.
796
797       •   A new probe for "malloc_usable_size" has been added.
798
799       •   Improvements in Configure to detection in C++ and clang++. Work
800           ongoing by Andy Dougherty. [GH #17033]
801           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17033>
802
803autodoc.pl
804
805           This tool that regenerates perlintern and perlapi has been
806           overhauled significantly, restoring consistency in flags used in
807           embed.fnc and Devel::PPPort and allowing removal of many redundant
808           "=for apidoc" entries in code.
809
810       •   The "ECHO" macro is now defined. This is used in a "dtrace" rule
811           that was originally changed for FreeBSD, and the FreeBSD make
812           apparently predefines it.  The Solaris make does not predefine
813           "ECHO" which broke this rule on Solaris.  [GH #17057]
814           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17057>
815
816       •   Bison versions 3.1 through 3.4 are now supported.
817

Testing

819       Tests were added and changed to reflect the other additions and changes
820       in this release. Furthermore, these significant changes were made:
821
822t/run/switches.t no longer uses (and re-uses) the tmpinplace/
823           directory under t/. This may prevent spurious failures. [GH #17424
824           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17424>]
825
826       •   Various bugs in "POSIX::mbtowc" were fixed. Potential races with
827           other threads are now avoided, and previously the returned wide
828           character could well be garbage.
829
830       •   Various bugs in "POSIX::wctomb" were fixed. Potential races with
831           other threads are now avoided, and previously it would segfault if
832           the string parameter was shared or hadn't been pre-allocated with a
833           string of sufficient length to hold the result.
834
835       •   Certain test output of scalars containing control characters and
836           Unicode has been fixed on EBCDIC.
837
838t/charset_tools.pl: Avoid some work on ASCII platforms.
839
840t/re/regexp.t: Speed up many regex tests on ASCII platform
841
842t/re/pat.t: Skip tests that don't work on EBCDIC.
843

Platform Support

845   Discontinued Platforms
846       Windows CE
847           Support for building perl on Windows CE has now been removed.
848
849   Platform-Specific Notes
850       Linux
851           "cc" will be used to populate "plibpth" if "cc" is "clang".  [GH
852           #17043] <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17043>
853
854       NetBSD 8.0
855           Fix compilation of Perl on NetBSD 8.0 with g++.  [GH #17381
856           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17381>]
857
858       Windows
859           •   The configuration for "ccflags" and "optimize" are now
860               separate, as with POSIX platforms. [GH #17156
861               <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17156>]
862
863           •   Support for building perl with Visual C++ 6.0 has now been
864               removed.
865
866           •   The locale tests could crash on Win32 due to a Windows bug, and
867               separately due to the CRT throwing an exception if the locale
868               name wasn't validly encoded in the current code page.
869
870               For the second we now decode the locale name ourselves, and
871               always decode it as UTF-8. [GH #16922]
872               <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/16922>
873
874t/op/magic.t could fail if environment variables starting with
875               "FOO" already existed.
876
877           •   MYMALLOC (PERL_MALLOC) build has been fixed.
878
879       Solaris
880           •   "Configure" will now find recent versions of the Oracle
881               Developer Studio compiler, which are found under
882               "/opt/developerstudio*".
883
884           •   "Configure" now uses the detected types for "gethostby*"
885               functions, allowing Perl to once again compile on certain
886               configurations of Solaris.
887
888       VMS
889           •   With the release of the patch kit C99 V2.0, VSI has provided
890               support for a number of previously-missing C99 features. On
891               systems with that patch kit installed, Perl's configuration
892               process will now detect the presence of the header "stdint.h"
893               and the following functions: "fpclassify", "isblank", "isless",
894               "llrint", "llrintl", "llround", "llroundl", "nearbyint",
895               "round", "scalbn", and "scalbnl".
896
897           •   "-Duse64bitint" is now the default on VMS.
898
899       z/OS
900           Perl 5.32 has been tested on z/OS 2.4, with the following caveats:
901
902           •   Only static builds (the default) build reliably
903
904           •   When using locales, z/OS does not handle the "LC_MESSAGES"
905               category properly, so when compiling perl, you should add the
906               following to your Configure options
907
908                ./Configure <other options> -Accflags=-DNO_LOCALE_MESSAGES
909
910           •   z/OS does not support locales with threads, so when compiling a
911               threaded perl, you should add the following to your Configure
912               options
913
914                ./Configure <other Configure options> -Accflags=-DNO_LOCALE
915
916           •   Some CPAN modules that are shipped with perl fail at least one
917               of their self-tests.  These are: Archive::Tar, Config::Perl::V,
918               CPAN::Meta, CPAN::Meta::YAML, Digest::MD5, Digest::SHA, Encode,
919               ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, HTTP::Tiny,
920               IO::Compress, IPC::Cmd, JSON::PP, libnet, MIME::Base64,
921               Module::Metadata, PerlIO::via-QuotedPrint, Pod::Checker,
922               podlators, Pod::Simple, Socket, and Test::Harness.
923
924               The causes of the failures range from the self-test itself is
925               flawed, and the module actually works fine, up to the module
926               doesn't work at all on EBCDIC platforms.
927

Internal Changes

929       •   "savepvn"'s len parameter is now a "Size_t" instead of an "I32"
930           since we can handle longer strings than 31 bits.
931
932       •   The lexer ("Perl_yylex()" in toke.c) was previously a single
933           4100-line function, relying heavily on "goto" and a lot of widely-
934           scoped local variables to do its work. It has now been pulled apart
935           into a few dozen smaller static functions; the largest remaining
936           chunk ("yyl_word_or_keyword()") is a little over 900 lines, and
937           consists of a single "switch" statement, all of whose "case" groups
938           are independent. This should be much easier to understand and
939           maintain.
940
941       •   The OS-level signal handlers and type (Sighandler_t) used by the
942           perl core were declared as having three parameters, but the OS was
943           always told to call them with one argument. This has been fixed by
944           declaring them to have one parameter. See the merge commit
945           "v5.31.5-346-g116e19abbf" for full details.
946
947       •   The code that handles "tr///" has been extensively revised, fixing
948           various bugs, especially when the source and/or replacement strings
949           contain characters whose code points are above 255. Some of the
950           bugs were undocumented, one being that under some circumstances
951           (but not all) with "/s", the squeezing was done based on the
952           source, rather than the replacement. A documented bug that got
953           fixed was [GH #14777] <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/14777>.
954
955       •   A new macro for XS writers dealing with UTF-8-encoded Unicode
956           strings has been created ""UTF8_CHK_SKIP"" in perlapi that is safer
957           in the face of malformed UTF-8 input than ""UTF8_SKIP"" in perlapi
958           (but not as safe as ""UTF8_SAFE_SKIP"" in perlapi). It won't read
959           past a NUL character.  It has been backported in Devel::PPPort 3.55
960           and later.
961
962       •   Added the "PL_curstackinfo->si_cxsubix" field. This records the
963           stack index of the most recently pushed sub/format/eval context. It
964           is set and restored automatically by "cx_pushsub()", "cx_popsub()"
965           etc., but would need to be manually managed if you do any unusual
966           manipulation of the context stack.
967
968       •   Various macros dealing with character type classification and
969           changing case where the input is encoded in UTF-8 now require an
970           extra parameter to prevent potential reads beyond the end of the
971           buffer. Use of these has generated a deprecation warning since Perl
972           5.26. Details are in "In XS code, use of various macros dealing
973           with UTF-8." in perldeprecation
974
975       •   A new parser function parse_subsignature() allows a keyword plugin
976           to parse a subroutine signature while "use feature 'signatures'" is
977           in effect. This allows custom keywords to implement semantics
978           similar to regular "sub" declarations that include signatures.  [GH
979           #16261] <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/16261>
980
981       •   Since on some platforms we need to hold a mutex when temporarily
982           switching locales, new macros ("STORE_LC_NUMERIC_SET_TO_NEEDED_IN",
983           "WITH_LC_NUMERIC_SET_TO_NEEDED" and
984           "WITH_LC_NUMERIC_SET_TO_NEEDED_IN") have been added to make it
985           easier to do this safely and efficiently as part of [GH #17034]
986           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17034>.
987
988       •   The memory bookkeeping overhead for allocating an OP structure has
989           been reduced by 8 bytes per OP on 64-bit systems.
990
991eval_pv() no longer stringifies the exception when "[GH
992           #17035]|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17035"]
993
994       •   The PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL environment variable was formerly only
995           honoured on perl binaries built with DEBUGGING support. It is now
996           checked on all perl builds.  Its normal use is to force perl to
997           individually free every block of memory which it has allocated
998           before exiting, which is useful when using automated leak detection
999           tools such as valgrind.
1000
1001       •   The API eval_sv() now accepts a "G_RETHROW" flag. If this flag is
1002           set and an exception is thrown while compiling or executing the
1003           supplied code, it will be rethrown, and eval_sv() will not return.
1004           [GH #17036] <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17036>
1005
1006       •   As part of the fix for [GH #1537]
1007           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/1537> perl_parse() now
1008           returns non-zero if exit(0) is called in a "BEGIN", "UNITCHECK" or
1009           "CHECK" block.
1010
1011       •   Most functions which recursively walked an op tree during
1012           compilation have been made non-recursive. This avoids SEGVs from
1013           stack overflow when the op tree is deeply nested, such as "$n == 1
1014           ? "one" : $n == 2 ? "two" : ...." (especially in code which is
1015           auto-generated).
1016
1017           This is particularly noticeable where the code is compiled within a
1018           separate thread, as threads tend to have small stacks by default.
1019

Selected Bug Fixes

1021       •   Previously "require" in perlfunc would only treat the special
1022           built-in SV &PL_sv_undef as a value in %INC as if a previous
1023           "require" has failed, treating other undefined SVs as if the
1024           previous "require" has succeeded. This could cause unexpected
1025           success from "require" e.g., on "local %INC = %INC;". This has been
1026           fixed. [GH #17428 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17428>]
1027
1028       •   "(?{...})" eval groups in regular expressions no longer
1029           unintentionally trigger "EVAL without pos change exceeded limit in
1030           regex" [GH #17490 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17490>].
1031
1032       •   "(?[...])" extended bracketed character classes do not wrongly
1033           raise an error on some cases where a previously-compiled such class
1034           is interpolated into another. The heuristics previously used have
1035           been replaced by a reliable method, and hence the diagnostics
1036           generated have changed. See "Diagnostics".
1037
1038       •   The debug display (say by specifying "-Dr" or "use re" (with
1039           appropriate options) of compiled Unicode property wildcard
1040           subpatterns no longer has extraneous output.
1041
1042       •   Fix an assertion failure in the regular expression engine.  [GH
1043           #17372 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17372>]
1044
1045       •   Fix coredump in pp_hot.c after "B::UNOP_AUX::aux_list()".  [GH
1046           #17301 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17301>]
1047
1048       •   Loading IO is now threadsafe.  [GH #14816
1049           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/14816>]
1050
1051       •   "\p{user-defined}" overrides official Unicode [GH #17025
1052           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17025>]
1053
1054           Prior to this patch, the override was only sometimes in effect.
1055
1056       •   Properly handle filled "/il" regnodes and multi-char folds
1057
1058       •   Compilation error during make minitest [GH #17293
1059           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17293>]
1060
1061       •   Move the implementation of "%-", "%+" into core.
1062
1063       •   Read beyond buffer in "grok_inf_nan" [GH #17370
1064           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17370>]
1065
1066       •   Workaround glibc bug with "LC_MESSAGES" [GH #17081
1067           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17081>]
1068
1069       •   "printf()" or "sprintf()" with the %n format could cause a panic on
1070           debugging builds, or report an incorrectly cached length value when
1071           producing "SVfUTF8" flagged strings. [GH #17221
1072           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17221>]
1073
1074       •   The tokenizer has been extensively refactored.  [GH #17241
1075           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17241>] [GH #17189
1076           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17189>]
1077
1078       •   "use strict "subs"" is now enforced for bareword constants
1079           optimized into a "multiconcat" operator. [GH #17254
1080           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17254>]
1081
1082       •   A memory leak in regular expression patterns has been fixed. [GH
1083           #17218 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17218>]
1084
1085       •   Perl no longer treats strings starting with "0x" or "0b" as hex or
1086           binary numbers respectively when converting a string to a number.
1087           This reverts a change in behaviour inadvertently introduced in perl
1088           5.30.0 intended to improve precision when converting a string to a
1089           floating point number. [GH #17062]
1090           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17062>
1091
1092       •   Matching a non-"SVf_UTF8" string against a regular expression
1093           containing unicode literals could leak a SV on each match attempt.
1094           [GH #17140] <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17140>
1095
1096       •   Overloads for octal and binary floating point literals were always
1097           passed a string with a "0x" prefix instead of the appropriate 0 or
1098           "[GH #14791]|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/14791"]
1099
1100       •   "$@ = 100; die;" now correctly propagates the 100 as an exception
1101           instead of ignoring it. [GH #17098]
1102           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17098>
1103
1104       •   "[GH #17108]|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17108"]
1105
1106       •   Exceptions thrown while $@ is read-only could result in infinite
1107           recursion as perl tried to update $@, which throws another
1108           exception, resulting in a stack overflow. Perl now replaces $@ with
1109           a copy if it's not a simple writable SV. [GH #17083]
1110           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17083>
1111
1112       •   Setting $) now properly sets supplementary group ids if you have
1113           the necessary privileges. [GH #17031]
1114           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17031>
1115
1116close() on a pipe now preemptively clears the PerlIO object from
1117           the IO SV. This prevents a second attempt to close the already
1118           closed PerlIO object if a signal handler calls die() or exit()
1119           while close() is waiting for the child process to complete. [GH
1120           #13929] <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/13929>
1121
1122       •   "sprintf("%.*a", -10000, $x)" would cause a buffer overflow due to
1123           mishandling of the negative precision value. [GH #16942]
1124           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/16942>
1125
1126scalar() on a reference could cause an erroneous assertion failure
1127           during compilation. [GH #16969]
1128           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/16969>
1129
1130       •   "%{^CAPTURE_ALL}" is now an alias to "%-" as documented, rather
1131           than incorrectly an alias for "[GH
1132           #16105]|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/16105"]
1133
1134       •   "%{^CAPTURE}" didn't work if "@{^CAPTURE}" was mentioned first.
1135           Similarly for "%{^CAPTURE_ALL}" and "@{^CAPTURE_ALL}", though "[GH
1136           #17045]|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17045"]
1137
1138       •   Extraordinarily large (over 2GB) floating point format widths could
1139           cause an integer overflow in the underlying call to snprintf(),
1140           resulting in an assertion. Formatted floating point widths are now
1141           limited to the range of int, the return value of snprintf().
1142           [#16881 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/16881>]
1143
1144       •   Parsing the following constructs within a sub-parse (such as with
1145           "${code here}" or "s/.../code here/e") has changed to match how
1146           they're parsed normally:
1147
1148           •   "print $fh ..." no longer produces a syntax error.
1149
1150           •   Code like "s/.../ ${time} /e" now properly produces an
1151               "Ambiguous use of ${time} resolved to $time at ..." warning
1152               when warnings are enabled.
1153
1154           •   "@x {"a"}" (with the space) in a sub-parse now properly
1155               produces a "better written as" warning when warnings are
1156               enabled.
1157
1158           •   Attributes can now be used in a sub-parse.  [GH #16847]
1159               <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/16847>
1160
1161       •   Incomplete hex and binary literals like "0x" and "0b" are now
1162           treated as if the "x" or "b" is part of the next token.  [#17010
1163           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17010>]
1164
1165       •   A spurious ")" in a subparse, such as in "s/.../code here/e" or
1166           "...${code here}", no longer confuses the parser.
1167
1168           Previously a subparse was bracketed with generated "(" and ")"
1169           tokens, so a spurious ")" would close the construct without doing
1170           the normal subparse clean up, confusing the parser and possible
1171           causing an assertion failure.
1172
1173           Such constructs are now surrounded by artificial tokens that can't
1174           be included in the source. [GH #15814]
1175           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/15814>
1176
1177       •   Reference assignment of a sub, such as "\&foo = \&bar;", silently
1178           did nothing in the "[GH
1179           #16987]|https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/16987"]
1180
1181sv_gets() now recovers better if the target SV is modified by a
1182           signal handler. [GH #16960]
1183           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/16960>
1184
1185       •   "readline @foo" now evaluates @foo in scalar context. Previously it
1186           would be evaluated in list context, and since readline() pops only
1187           one argument from the stack, the stack could underflow, or be left
1188           with unexpected values on the stack. [GH #16929]
1189           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/16929>
1190
1191       •   Parsing incomplete hex or binary literals was changed in 5.31.1 to
1192           treat such a literal as just the 0, leaving the following "x" or
1193           "b" to be parsed as part of the next token. This could lead to some
1194           silent changes in behaviour, so now incomplete hex or binary
1195           literals produce a fatal error.  [GH #17010]
1196           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17010>
1197
1198eval_pv()'s croak_on_error flag will now throw even if the
1199           exception is a false overloaded value.  [GH #17036]
1200           <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17036>
1201
1202       •   "INIT" blocks and the program itself are no longer run if exit(0)
1203           is called within a "BEGIN", "UNITCHECK" or "CHECK" block.  [GH
1204           #1537] <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/1537>
1205
1206       •   "open my $fh, ">>+", undef" now opens the temporary file in append
1207           mode: writes will seek to the end of file before writing.  [GH
1208           #17058] <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17058>
1209
1210       •   Fixed a SEGV when searching for the source of an uninitialized
1211           value warning on an op whose subtree includes an OP_MULTIDEREF.
1212           [GH #17088] <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues/17088>
1213

Obituary

1215       Jeff Goff (JGOFF or DrForr), an integral part of the Perl and Raku
1216       communities and a dear friend to all of us, has passed away on March
1217       13th, 2020. DrForr was a prominent member of the communities, attending
1218       and speaking at countless events, contributing to numerous projects,
1219       and assisting and helping in any way he could.
1220
1221       His passing leaves a hole in our hearts and in our communities and he
1222       will be sorely missed.
1223

Acknowledgements

1225       Perl 5.32.0 represents approximately 13 months of development since
1226       Perl 5.30.0 and contains approximately 220,000 lines of changes across
1227       1,800 files from 89 authors.
1228
1229       Excluding auto-generated files, documentation and release tools, there
1230       were approximately 140,000 lines of changes to 880 .pm, .t, .c and .h
1231       files.
1232
1233       Perl continues to flourish into its fourth decade thanks to a vibrant
1234       community of users and developers. The following people are known to
1235       have contributed the improvements that became Perl 5.32.0:
1236
1237       Aaron Crane, Alberto Simo~es, Alexandr Savca, Andreas Koenig, Andrew
1238       Fresh, Andy Dougherty, Ask Bjorn Hansen, Atsushi Sugawara, Bernhard M.
1239       Wiedemann, brian d foy, Bryan Stenson, Chad Granum, Chase Whitener,
1240       Chris 'BinGOs' Williams, Craig A. Berry, Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsaaker, Dan
1241       Book, Daniel Dragan, Dan Kogai, Dave Cross, Dave Rolsky, David
1242       Cantrell, David Mitchell, Dominic Hargreaves, E. Choroba, Felipe
1243       Gasper, Florian Weimer, Graham Knop, Haakon Haegland, Hauke D, H.Merijn
1244       Brand, Hugo van der Sanden, Ichinose Shogo, James E Keenan, Jason
1245       McIntosh, Jerome Duval, Johan Vromans, John Lightsey, John Paul Adrian
1246       Glaubitz, Kang-min Liu, Karen Etheridge, Karl Williamson, Leon
1247       Timmermans, Manuel Mausz, Marc Green, Matthew Horsfall, Matt Turner,
1248       Max Maischein, Michael Haardt, Nicholas Clark, Nicolas R., Niko Tyni,
1249       Pali, Paul Evans, Paul Johnson, Paul Marquess, Peter Eisentraut, Peter
1250       John Acklam, Peter Oliver, Petr PisaX, Renee Baecker, Ricardo Signes,
1251       Richard Leach, Russ Allbery, Samuel Smith, Santtu Ojanperae, Sawyer X,
1252       Sergey Aleynikov, Sergiy Borodych, Shirakata Kentaro, Shlomi Fish,
1253       Sisyphus, Slaven Rezic, Smylers, Stefan Seifert, Steve Hay, Steve
1254       Peters, Svyatoslav, Thibault Duponchelle, Todd Rinaldo, Tomasz
1255       Konojacki, Tom Hukins, Tony Cook, Unicode Consortium, VanL, Vickenty
1256       Fesunov, Vitali Peil, Yves Orton, Zefram.
1257
1258       The list above is almost certainly incomplete as it is automatically
1259       generated from version control history. In particular, it does not
1260       include the names of the (very much appreciated) contributors who
1261       reported issues to the Perl bug tracker.
1262
1263       Many of the changes included in this version originated in the CPAN
1264       modules included in Perl's core. We're grateful to the entire CPAN
1265       community for helping Perl to flourish.
1266
1267       For a more complete list of all of Perl's historical contributors,
1268       please see the AUTHORS file in the Perl source distribution.
1269

Reporting Bugs

1271       If you find what you think is a bug, you might check the perl bug
1272       database at <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues>. There may also be
1273       information at <http://www.perl.org/>, the Perl Home Page.
1274
1275       If you believe you have an unreported bug, please open an issue at
1276       <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues>. Be sure to trim your bug down
1277       to a tiny but sufficient test case.
1278
1279       If the bug you are reporting has security implications which make it
1280       inappropriate to send to a public issue tracker, then see "SECURITY
1281       VULNERABILITY CONTACT INFORMATION" in perlsec for details of how to
1282       report the issue.
1283

Give Thanks

1285       If you wish to thank the Perl 5 Porters for the work we had done in
1286       Perl 5, you can do so by running the "perlthanks" program:
1287
1288           perlthanks
1289
1290       This will send an email to the Perl 5 Porters list with your show of
1291       thanks.
1292

SEE ALSO

1294       The Changes file for an explanation of how to view exhaustive details
1295       on what changed.
1296
1297       The INSTALL file for how to build Perl.
1298
1299       The README file for general stuff.
1300
1301       The Artistic and Copying files for copyright information.
1302
1303
1304
1305perl v5.34.1                      2022-03-15                  PERL5320DELTA(1)
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