1XDOTOOL(1) XDOTOOL(1)
2
6 xdotool - command-line X11 automation tool
7
9 xdotool cmd args...
10 Notation: Some documentation uses [window] to denote an optional window
12 argument. This case means that the argument, if not present, will
13 default to "%1". See "WINDOW STACK" for what "%1" means.
14
16 xdotool lets you programmatically (or manually) simulate keyboard input
17 and mouse activity, move and resize windows, etc. It does this using
18 X11's XTEST extension and other Xlib functions.
19 There is some support for Extended Window Manager Hints (aka EWMH or
21 NetWM). See the "EXTENDED WINDOW MANAGER HINTS" section for more
22 information.
23
25 key [options] keystroke [keystroke ...]
26 Options:
27 --window window
29 Send keystrokes to a specific window id. You can use "WINDOW
30 STACK" references like "%1" and "%@" here. If there is a window
31 stack, then "%1" is the default, otherwise the current window
32 is used.
33 See also: "SENDEVENT NOTES" and "WINDOW STACK"
35 --clearmodifiers
37 Clear modifiers before sending keystrokes. See CLEARMODIFIERS
38 below.
39 --delay milliseconds
41 Delay between keystrokes. Default is 12ms.
42 Type a given keystroke. Examples being "alt+r", "Control_L+J",
44 "ctrl+alt+n", "BackSpace".
45 Generally, any valid X Keysym string will work. Multiple keys are
47 separated by '+'. Aliases exist for "alt", "ctrl", "shift",
48 "super", and "meta" which all map to Foo_L, such as Alt_L and
49 Control_L, etc.
50 In cases where your keyboard doesn't actually have the key you want
52 to type, xdotool will automatically find an unused keycode and use
53 that to type the key.
54 With respect to "COMMAND CHAINING", this command consumes the
56 remainder of the arguments or until a new xdotool command is seen,
57 because no xdotool commands are valid keystrokes.
58 Example: Send the keystroke "F2"
60 xdotool key F2
61 Example: Send 'a' with an accent over it (not on English keyboards,
63 but still works with xdotool)
64 xdotool key Aacute
65 Example: Send ctrl+l and then BackSpace as separate keystrokes:
67 xdotool key ctrl+l BackSpace
68 Example: Send ctrl+c to all windows matching title 'gdb' (See
70 "COMMAND CHAINING")
71 xdotool search --name gdb key ctrl+c
72 keydown [options] keystroke
74 Same as above, except only keydown (press) events are sent.
75 keyup keystroke
77 Same as above, except only keyup (release) events are sent.
78 type [options] something to type
80 Options:
81 --window windowid
83 Send keystrokes to a specific window id. See "SENDEVENT NOTES"
84 below. The default, if no window is given, depends on the
85 window stack. If the window stack is empty the current window
86 is typed at using XTEST. Otherwise, the default is "%1" (see
87 "WINDOW STACK").
88 --delay milliseconds
90 Delay between keystrokes. Default is 12ms.
91 --clearmodifiers
93 Clear modifiers before sending keystrokes. See CLEARMODIFIERS
94 below.
95 Types as if you had typed it. Supports newlines and tabs (ASCII
97 newline and tab). Each keystroke is separated by a delay given by
98 the --delay option.
99 With respect to "COMMAND CHAINING", this command consumes the
101 remainder of the arguments and types them. That is, no commands can
102 chain after 'type'.
103 Example: to type 'Hello world!' you would do:
105 xdotool type 'Hello world!'
106
108 mousemove [options] x y OR 'restore'
109 Move the mouse to the specific X and Y coordinates on the screen.
110 You can move the mouse to the previous location if you specify
112 'restore' instead of an X and Y coordinate. Restoring only works if
113 you have moved previously in this same command invocation. Further,
114 it does not work with the --window option.
115 For example, to click the top-left corner of the screen and move
117 the mouse to the original position before you moved it, use this:
118 xdotool mousemove 0 0 click 1 mousemove restore
119 --window WINDOW
121 Specify a window to move relative to. Coordinates 0,0 are at
122 the top left of the window you choose.
123 "WINDOW STACK" references are valid here, such as %1 and %@.
125 Though, using %@ probably doesn't make sense.
126 --screen SCREEN
128 Move the mouse to the specified screen to move to. This is only
129 useful if you have multiple screens and ARE NOT using Xinerama.
130 The default is the current screen. If you specify --window, the
132 --screen flag is ignored.
133 --polar
135 Use polar coordinates. This makes 'x' an angle (in degrees,
136 0-360, etc) and 'y' the distance.
137 Rotation starts at 'up' (0 degrees) and rotates clockwise: 90 =
139 right, 180 = down, 270 = left.
140 The origin defaults to the center of the current screen. If you
142 specify a --window, then the origin is the center of that
143 window.
144 --clearmodifiers
146 See CLEARMODIFIERS
147 --sync
149 After sending the mouse move request, wait until the mouse is
150 actually moved. If no movement is necessary, we will not wait.
151 This is useful for scripts that depend on actions being
152 completed before moving on.
153 Note: We wait until the mouse moves at all, not necessarily
155 that it actually reaches your intended destination. Some
156 applications lock the mouse cursor to certain regions of the
157 screen, so waiting for any movement is better in the general
158 case than waiting for a specific target.
159 mousemove_relative [options] x y
161 Move the mouse x,y pixels relative to the current position of the
162 mouse cursor.
163 --polar
165 Use polar coordinates. This makes 'x' an angle (in degrees,
166 0-360, etc) and 'y' the distance.
167 Rotation starts at 'up' (0 degrees) and rotates clockwise: 90 =
169 right, 180 = down, 270 = left.
170 --sync
172 After sending the mouse move request, wait until the mouse is
173 actually moved. If no movement is necessary, we will not wait.
174 This is useful for scripts that depend on actions being
175 completed before moving on.
176 Note that we wait until the mouse moves at all, not necessarily
178 that it actually reaches your intended destination. Some
179 applications lock the mouse cursor to certain regions of the
180 screen, so waiting for any movement is better in the general
181 case than waiting for a specific target.
182 --clearmodifiers
184 See CLEARMODIFIERS
185 click [options] button
187 Send a click, that is, a mousedown followed by mouseup for the
188 given button with a short delay between the two (currently 12ms).
189 Buttons generally map this way: Left mouse is 1, middle is 2, right
191 is 3, wheel up is 4, wheel down is 5.
192 --clearmodifiers
194 Clear modifiers before clicking. See CLEARMODIFIERS below.
195 --repeat REPEAT
197 Specify how many times to click. Default is 1. For a double-
198 click, use '--repeat 2'
199 --delay MILLISECONDS
201 Specify how long, in milliseconds, to delay between clicks.
202 This option is not used if the --repeat flag is set to 1
203 (default).
204 --window WINDOW
206 Specify a window to send a click to. See "SENDEVENT NOTES"
207 below for caveats. Uses the current mouse position when
208 generating the event.
209 The default, if no window is given, depends on the window
211 stack. If the window stack is empty the current window is typed
212 at using XTEST. Otherwise, the default is "%1" (see "WINDOW
213 STACK").
214 mousedown [options] button
216 Same as click, except only a mouse down is sent.
217 mouseup [options] button
219 Same as click, except only a mouse up is sent.
220 getmouselocation [--shell]
222 Outputs the x, y, screen, and window id of the mouse cursor. Screen
223 numbers will be nonzero if you have multiple monitors and are not
224 using Xinerama.
225 --shell
227 This makes getmouselocation output shell data you can eval.
228 Example:
229 % xdotool getmouselocation --shell
231 X=880
232 Y=443
233 SCREEN=0
234 WINDOW=16777250
235 % eval $(xdotool getmouselocation --shell)
237 % echo $X,$Y
238 714,324
239 behave_screen_edge [options] where command ...
241 Bind an action to events when the mouse hits the screen edge or
242 corner.
243 Options are:
245 --delay MILLISECONDS
247 Delay in milliseconds before running the command. This allows
248 you to require a given edge or corner to be held for a short
249 period before your command will run. If you leave the edge or
250 corner before the delay expires then the time will reset.
251 --quiesce MILLISECONDS
253 Delay in milliseconds before the next command will run. This
254 helps prevent accidentally running your command extra times;
255 especially useful if you have a very short --delay (like the
256 default of 0).
257 Event timeline
259 * Mouse hits an edge or corner.
261 * If delay is nonzero, the mouse must stay in this edge or corner until delay time expires.
262 * If still in the edge/corner, trigger.
263 * If quiesce is nonzero, then there is a cool-down period where the next
264 trigger cannot occur
265 Valid 'where' values are:
267 left
269 top-left
270 top
271 top-right
272 right
273 bottom-left
274 bottom
275 bottom-right
276 Examples:
278 # Activate google-chrome when you move the mouse to the bottom-
279 left corner:
280 xdotool behave_screen_edge bottom-left \
281 search --class google-chrome windowactivate
282 # Go to the next workspace (right). Known to work in GNOME (metacity and compiz)
284 xdotool behave_screen_edge --delay 500 bottom-right key XF86Forward
285 # Activate firefox and do a web search in a new tab for text in your clipboard
287 xdotool behave_screen_edge --delay 1000 top-left \
288 search --classname Navigator \
289 windowactivate --sync key --delay 250 ctrl+t ctrl+k ctrl+v Return
290
292 search [options] pattern
293 Search for windows with titles, names, or classes with a regular
294 expression pattern. The output is line-delimited list of X window
295 identifiers. If you are using "COMMAND CHAINING", the search
296 command will only write window ids to stdout if it is the last (or
297 only) command in the chain; otherwise, it is silent.
298 The result is saved to the window stack for future chained
300 commands. See "WINDOW STACK" and "COMMAND CHAINING" for details.
301 The default options are "--name --class --classname" (unless you
303 specify one one or more of --name --class or --classname).
304 The options available are:
306 --class
308 Match against the window class.
309 --classname
311 Match against the window classname.
312 --maxdepth N
314 Set recursion/child search depth. Default is -1, meaning
315 infinite. 0 means no depth, only root windows will be searched.
316 If you only want toplevel windows, set maxdepth of 1 (or 2,
317 depending on how your window manager does decorations).
318 --name
320 Match against the window name. This is the same string that is
321 displayed in the window titlebar.
322 --onlyvisible
324 Show only visible windows in the results. This means ones with
325 map state IsViewable.
326 --pid PID
328 Match windows that belong to a specific process id. This may
329 not work for some X applications that do not set this metadata
330 on its windows.
331 --screen N
333 Select windows only on a specific screen. Default is to search
334 all screens. Only meaningful if you have multiple displays and
335 are not using Xinerama.
336 --desktop N
338 Only match windows on a certain desktop. 'N' is a number. The
339 default is to search all desktops.
340 --limit N
342 Stop searching after finding N matching windows. Specifying a
343 limit will help speed up your search if you only want a few
344 results.
345 The default is no search limit (which is equivalent to '--limit
347 0')
348 --title
350 DEPRECATED. See --name.
351 --all
353 Require that all conditions be met. For example:
354 xdotool search --all --pid 1424 --name "Hello World"
356 This will match only windows that have "Hello World" as a name
358 and are owned by pid 1424.
359 --any
361 Match windows that match any condition (logically, 'or'). This
362 is on by default. For example:
363 xdotool search --any --pid 1424 --name "Hello World"
365 This will match any windows owned by pid 1424 or windows with
367 name "Hello World"
368 --sync
370 Block until there are results. This is useful when you are
371 launching an application and want to wait until the application
372 window is visible. For example:
373 google-chrome &
375 xdotool search --sync --onlyvisible --class "google-chrome"
376 selectwindow
378 Get the window id (for a client) by clicking on it. Useful for
379 having scripts query you humans for what window to act on. For
380 example, killing a window by clicking on it:
381 xdotool selectwindow windowkill
383 behave window action command ...
385 Bind an action to an event on a window. This lets you run
386 additional xdotool commands whenever a matched event occurs.
387 The command run as a result of the behavior is run with %1 being
389 the window that was acted upon. Examples follow after the event
390 list.
391 The following are valid events:
393 mouse-enter
395 Fires when the mouse enters a window. This is similar to 'mouse
396 over' events in javascript, if that helps.
397 mouse-leave
399 Fires when the mouse leaves a window. This is the opposite of
400 'mouse-enter'
401 mouse-click
403 Fires when the mouse is clicked. Specifically, when the mouse
404 button is released.
405 focus
407 Fires when the window gets input focus.
408 blur
410 Fires when the window loses focus.
411 Examples:
413 # Print the cursor location whenever the mouse enters a currently-visible
415 # window:
416 xdotool search --onlyvisible . behave %@ mouse-enter getmouselocation
417 # Print the window title and pid whenever an xterm gets focus
419 xdotool search --class xterm behave %@ focus getwindowname getwindowpid
420 # Emulate focus-follows-mouse
422 xdotool search . behave %@ mouse-enter windowfocus
423 getwindowpid [window]
425 Output the PID owning a given window. This requires effort from the
426 application owning a window and may not work for all windows. This
427 uses _NET_WM_PID property of the window. See "EXTENDED WINDOW
428 MANAGER HINTS" below for more information.
429 If no window is given, the default is '%1'. If no windows are on
431 the stack, then this is an error. See "WINDOW STACK" for more
432 details.
433 Example: Find the PID for all xterms:
435 xdotool search --class xterm getwindowpid %@
436 getwindowname [window]
438 Output the name of a given window, also known as the title. This is
439 the text displayed in the window's titlebar by your window manager.
440 If no window is given, the default is '%1'. If no windows are on
442 the stack, then this is an error. See "WINDOW STACK" for more
443 details.
444 getwindowgeometry [options] [window]
446 Output the geometry (location and position) of a window. The values
447 include: x, y, width, height, and screen number.
448 --shell
450 Output values suitable for 'eval' in a shell.
451 getwindowfocus [-f]
453 Prints the window id of the currently focused window. Saves the
454 result to the window stack. See "WINDOW STACK" for more details.
455 If the current window has no WM_CLASS property, we assume it is not
457 a normal top-level window and traverse up the parents until we find
458 a window with a WM_CLASS set and return that window id.
459 If you really want the window currently having focus and don't care
461 if it has a WM_CLASS setting, then use 'getwindowfocus -f'
462 windowsize [options] [window] width height
464 Set the window size of the given window. If no window is given, %1
465 is the default. See "WINDOW STACK" and "COMMAND CHAINING" for more
466 details.
467 Percentages are valid for width and height. They are relative to
469 the geometry of the screen the window is on. For example, to make a
470 window the full width of the screen, but half height:
471 xdotool windowsize I<window> 100% 50%
473 Percentages are valid with --usehints and still mean pixel-width
475 relative to the screen size.
476 The options available are:
478 --usehints
480 Use window sizing hints (when available) to set width and
481 height. This is useful on terminals for setting the size based
482 on row/column of text rather than pixels.
483 --sync
485 After sending the window size request, wait until the window is
486 actually resized. If no change is necessary, we will not wait.
487 This is useful for scripts that depend on actions being
488 completed before moving on.
489 Note: Because many window managers may ignore or alter the
491 original resize request, we will wait until the size changes
492 from its original size, not necessary to the requested size.
493 Example: To set a terminal to be 80x24 characters, you would use:
495 xdotool windowsize --usehints some_windowid 80 24
496 windowmove [options] [window] x y
498 Move the window to the given position. If no window is given, %1 is
499 the default. See "WINDOW STACK" and "COMMAND CHAINING" for more
500 details.
501 If the given x coordinate is literally 'x', then the window's
503 current x position will be unchanged. The same applies for 'y'.
504 Examples:
506 xdotool getactivewindow windowmove 100 100 # Moves to 100,100
508 xdotool getactivewindow windowmove x 100 # Moves to x,100
509 xdotool getactivewindow windowmove 100 y # Moves to 100,y
510 xdotool getactivewindow windowmove 100 y # Moves to 100,y
511 Percentages are valid for width and height. They are relative to
513 the geometry of the screen the window is on. For example, to make a
514 window the full width of the screen, but half height:
515 xdotool windowmove I<window> 100% 50%
517 --sync
519 After sending the window move request, wait until the window is
520 actually moved. If no movement is necessary, we will not wait.
521 This is useful for scripts that depend on actions being
522 completed before moving on.
523 --relative
525 Make movement relative to the current window position.
526 windowfocus [options] [window]
528 Focus a window. If no window is given, %1 is the default. See
529 "WINDOW STACK" and "COMMAND CHAINING" for more details.
530 Uses XSetInputFocus which may be ignored by some window managers or
532 programs.
533 --sync
535 After sending the window focus request, wait until the window
536 is actually focused. This is useful for scripts that depend on
537 actions being completed before moving on.
538 windowmap [options] [window]
540 Map a window. In X11 terminology, mapping a window means making it
541 visible on the screen. If no window is given, %1 is the default.
542 See "WINDOW STACK" and "COMMAND CHAINING" for more details.
543 --sync
545 After requesting the window map, wait until the window is
546 actually mapped (visible). This is useful for scripts that
547 depend on actions being completed before moving on.
548 windowminimize [options] [window]
550 Minimize a window. In X11 terminology, this is called 'iconify.'
551 If no window is given, %1 is the default. See "WINDOW STACK" and
552 "COMMAND CHAINING" for more details.
553 --sync
555 After requesting the window minimize, wait until the window is
556 actually minimized. This is useful for scripts that depend on
557 actions being completed before moving on.
558 windowraise [window_id=%1]
560 Raise the window to the top of the stack. This may not work on all
561 window managers. If no window is given, %1 is the default. See
562 "WINDOW STACK" and "COMMAND CHAINING" for more details.
563 windowreparent [source_window] destination_window
565 Reparent a window. This moves the source_window to be a child
566 window of destination_window. If no source is given, %1 is the
567 default. "WINDOW STACK" window references (like %1) are valid for
568 both source_window and destination_window See "WINDOW STACK" and
569 "COMMAND CHAINING" for more details.
570 windowclose [window]
572 Close a window. This action will destroy the window, but will not
573 try to kill the client controlling it. If no window is given, %1 is
574 the default. See "WINDOW STACK" and "COMMAND CHAINING" for more
575 details.
576 windowkill [window]
578 Kill a window. This action will destroy the window and kill the
579 client controlling it. If no window is given, %1 is the default.
580 See WINDOW STACK and "COMMAND CHAINING" for more details.
581 windowunmap [options] [window_id=%1]
583 Unmap a window, making it no longer appear on your screen. If no
584 window is given, %1 is the default. See "WINDOW STACK" and "COMMAND
585 CHAINING" for more details.
586 --sync
588 After requesting the window unmap, wait until the window is
589 actually unmapped (hidden). This is useful for scripts that
590 depend on actions being completed before moving on.
591 set_window [options] [windowid=%1]
593 Set properties about a window. If no window is given, %1 is the
594 default. See "WINDOW STACK" and "COMMAND CHAINING" for more
595 details.
596 Options:
598 --name newname
600 Set window WM_NAME (the window title, usually)
601 --icon-name newiconname
603 Set window WM_ICON_NAME (the window title when minimized,
604 usually)
605 --role newrole
607 Set window WM_WINDOW_ROLE
608 --classname newclassname
610 Set window class name (not to be confused with window class)
611 --class newclass
613 Set window class (not to be confused with window class name)
614 --urgency value
616 Set window urgency hint. If the value is 1, the window will be
617 marked urgent, and the window manager will somehow highlight it
618 for the user's attention. If the value is 0, the window will
619 be marked non-urgent.
620 --overrideredirect value
622 Set window's override_redirect value. This value is a hint to
623 the window manager for whether or not it should be managed. If
624 the redirect value is 0, then the window manager will draw
625 borders and treat this window normally. If the value is 1, the
626 window manager will ignore this window.
627 If you change this value, your window manager may not notice
629 the change until the window is mapped again, so you may want to
630 issue 'windowunmap' and 'windowmap' to make the window manager
631 take note.
632
634 These commands follow the EWMH standard. See the section "EXTENDED
635 WINDOW MANAGER HINTS" for more information.
636 windowactivate [options] [window]
638 Activate the window. This command is different from windowfocus: if
639 the window is on another desktop, we will switch to that desktop.
640 It also uses a different method for bringing the window up. I
641 recommend trying this command before using windowfocus, as it will
642 work on more window managers.
643 If no window is given, %1 is the default. See "WINDOW STACK" and
645 "COMMAND CHAINING" for more details.
646 --sync
648 After sending the window activation, wait until the window is
649 actually activated. This is useful for scripts that depend on
650 actions being completed before moving on.
651 getactivewindow
653 Output the current active window. This command is often more
654 reliable than getwindowfocus. The result is saved to the window
655 stack. See "WINDOW STACK" for more details.
656 set_num_desktops number
658 Changes the number of desktops or workspaces.
659 get_num_desktops
661 Output the current number of desktops.
662 get_desktop_viewport [--shell]
664 Report the current viewport's position. If --shell is given, the
665 output is friendly to shell eval.
666 Viewports are sometimes used instead of 'virtual desktops' on some
668 window managers. A viewport is simply a view on a very large
669 desktop area.
670 set_desktop_viewport x y
672 Move the viewport to the given position. Not all requests will be
673 obeyed - some windowmangers only obey requests that align to
674 workspace boundaries, such as the screen size.
675 For example, if your screen is 1280x800, you can move to the 2nd
677 workspace by doing:
678 xdotool set_desktop_viewport 1280 0
679 set_desktop [options] desktop_number
681 Change the current view to the specified desktop.
682 --relative
684 Use relative movements instead of absolute. This lets you move
685 relative to the current desktop.
686 get_desktop
688 Output the current desktop in view.
689 set_desktop_for_window [window] desktop_number
691 Move a window to a different desktop. If no window is given, %1 is
692 the default. See "WINDOW STACK" and "COMMAND CHAINING" for more
693 details.
694 get_desktop_for_window [window]
696 Output the desktop currently containing the given window. Move a
697 window to a different desktop. If no window is given, %1 is the
698 default. See WINDOW STACK and "COMMAND CHAINING" for more details.
699
701 exec [options] command [...]
702 Execute a program. This is often useful when combined with
703 behave_screen_edge to do things like locking your screen.
704 Options:
706 --sync
708 Block until the child process exits. The child process exit
709 status is then passed to the parent process (xdotool) which
710 copies it.
711 Examples:
713 # Lock the screen when the mouse sits in the top-right corner
714 xdotool behave_screen_edge --delay 1000 top-right \
715 exec gnome-screensaver-command --lock
716 # Substitute 'xscreensaver-command -lock' if you use that program.
717 # The following will fail to move the mouse because we use '--sync' and
719 # /bin/false exits nonzero:
720 xdotool exec --sync /bin/false mousemove 0 0
721 # This succeeds, though, since we do not use --sync on the exec command.
723 xdotool exec /bin/false mousemove 0 0
724 sleep seconds
726 Sleep for a specified period. Fractions of seconds (like 1.3, or
727 0.4) are valid, here.
728
730 xdotool can read a list of commands via stdin or a file if you want. A
731 script will fail when any command fails.
732 Truthfully, 'script' mode isn't fully fleshed out and may fall below
734 your expectations. If you have suggestions, please email the list or
735 file a bug (See CONTACT).
736 Scripts can use positional arguments (Represented by $1, $2, ...) and
738 environment variables (like $HOME or $WINDOWID). Quoting arguments
739 should work as expected.
740 Scripts are processed for parameter and environment variable expansion
742 and then run as if you had invoked xdotool with the entire script on
743 one line (using COMMAND CHAINING).
744 • Read commands from a file:
746 xdotool filename
748 • Read commands from stdin:
750 xdotool -
752 • Read commands from a redirected file
754 xdotool - < myfile
756 You can also write scripts that only execute xdotool. Example:
758 #!/usr/local/bin/xdotool
760 search --onlyvisible --classname $1
761 windowsize %@ $2 $3
763 windowraise %@
764 windowmove %1 0 0
766 windowmove %2 $2 0
767 windowmove %3 0 $3
768 windowmove %4 $2 $3
769 This script will take all windows matched by the classname query given
771 by arg1 ($1) and sizes/moves them into a 2x2 grid with windows sized by
772 the 2nd and 3rd parameters.
773 Here's an example usage:
775 % ./myscript xterm 600 400
777 Running it like this will take 4 visible xterms, raise them, and move
779 them into a 2x2 tile grid with each window 600x400 pixels in size.
780
782 Any command taking the --clearmodifiers flag will attempt to clear any
783 active input modifiers during the command and restore them afterwards.
784 For example, if you were to run this command:
786 xdotool key a
787 The result would be 'a' or 'A' depending on whether or not you were
789 holding the shift key on your keyboard. Often it is undesirable to have
790 any modifiers active, so you can tell xdotool to clear any active
791 modifiers.
792 The order of operations if you hold shift while running 'xdotool key
794 --clearmodifiers a' is this:
795 1. Query for all active modifiers (finds shift, in this case)
797 2. Try to clear shift by sending 'key up' for the shift key
798 3. Runs normal 'xdotool key a'
799 4. Restore shift key by sending 'key down' for shift
800 The --clearmodifiers flag can currently clear of the following:
802 • any key in your active keymap that has a modifier associated with
804 it. (See xmodmap(1)'s 'xmodmap -pm' output)
805 • mouse buttons (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5)
807 • caps lock
809
811 If you are trying to send key input to a specific window, and it does
812 not appear to be working, then it's likely your application is ignoring
813 the events xdotool is generating. This is fairly common.
814 Sending keystrokes to a specific window uses a different API than
816 simply typing to the active window. If you specify 'xdotool type
817 --window 12345 hello' xdotool will generate key events and send them
818 directly to window 12345. However, X11 servers will set a special flag
819 on all events generated in this way (see XEvent.xany.send_event in
820 X11's manual). Many programs observe this flag and reject these events.
821 It is important to note that for key and mouse events, we only use
823 XSendEvent when a specific window is targeted. Otherwise, we use XTEST.
824 Some programs can be configured to accept events even if they are
826 generated by xdotool. Seek the documentation of your application for
827 help.
828 Specific application notes (from the author's testing): * Firefox 3
830 seems to ignore all input when it does not have focus. * xterm can be
831 configured while running with ctrl+leftclick, 'Allow SendEvents' *
832 gnome-terminal appears to accept generated input by default.
833
835 Certain commands (search, getactivewindow, getwindowfocus) will find
836 windows for you. These results generally printed to stdout, but they
837 are also saved to memory for future use during the lifetime of the
838 xdotool process. See "COMMAND CHAINING" for more information.
839 The only modifications support for the window stack are to replace it.
841 That is, two of two sequential searches, only the last one's results
842 will be the window stack.
843
845 xdotool supports running multiple commands on a single invocation.
846 Generally, you'll start with a search command (see "WINDOW STACK") and
847 then perform a set of actions on those results.
848 To query the window stack, you can use special notation "%N" where N is
850 a number or the '@' symbol. If %N is given, the Nth window will be
851 selected from the window stack. Generally you will only want the first
852 window or all windows. Note that the order of windows in the window
853 stack corresponds to the window stacking order, i.e. the bottom-most
854 window will be reported first (see XQueryTree(3)). Thus the order of
855 the windows in the window stack may not be consistent across
856 invocations.
857 The notation described above is used as the "window" argument for any
859 given command.
860 For example, to resize all xterms to 80x24:
862 xdotool search --class xterm -- windowsize --usehints %@ 80 24
864 Resize move the current window:
866 xdotool getactivewindow windowmove 0 0
868 In all cases, the default window argument, if omitted, will default to
870 "%1". It is obviously an error if you omit the window argument and the
871 window stack is empty. If you try to use the window stack and it is
872 empty, it is also an error.
873 To activate the first firefox window found:
875 xdotool search --class firefox windowactivate
877 These would error:
879 xdotool windowactivate
881 xdotool windowactivate %1
882 xdotool windowactivate %@
883 When xdotool exits, the current window stack is lost.
885 Additionally, commands that modify the "WINDOW STACK" will not print
887 the results if they are not the last command. For example:
888 # Output the active window:
890 % xdotool getactivewindow
891 20971533
892 # Output the pid of the active window, but not the active window id:
894 % xdotool getactivewindow getwindowpid
895 4686
896
898 The following pieces of the EWMH standard are supported:
899 _NET_SUPPORTED
901 Asks the window manager what is supported
902 _NET_CURRENT_DESKTOP
904 Query and set the current desktop. Support for this enables these
905 commands: "set_desktop", "get_desktop".
906 _NET_WM_DESKTOP
908 Query and set what desktop a window is living in. Support for this
909 enables these commands: "set_desktop_for_window",
910 "get_desktop_for_window".
911 _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW
913 Allows you to query and set the active window by asking the window
914 manager to bring it forward. Support for this enables these
915 commands: "windowactivate", "getactivewindow".
916 _NET_WM_PID
918 This feature is application dependent, not window-manager
919 dependent. Query the PID owning a given window. Support for this
920 enables these commands: "getwindowpid".
921
923 xdotool (and libxdo) will try to function under all circumstances.
924 However, there may be some cases where functionality is not provided by
925 your X server or by your window manager. In these cases, xdotool will
926 try to detect and tell you if an action requires a feature not
927 currently supported by your system.
928 For window-manager specific features, see "EXTENDED WINDOW MANAGER
930 HINTS".
931 XTEST
933 If your X server does not support XTEST, then some typing and mouse
934 movement features may not work. Specifically, typing and mouse
935 actions that act on the "current window" (window 0 in libxdo) are
936 unlikely to work.
937 In most cases, XTEST is a feature you can enable on your X server
939 if it is not enabled by default.
940 You can see the list of supported X extensions by typing 'xdpyinfo'
942 and looking the text 'number of extensions: ...'
943
945 Typing unusual symbols under non-us keybindings is known to
946 occasionally send the wrong character.
947
949 xprop(1), xwininfo(1),
950 Project site: <http://www.semicomplete.com/projects/xdotool>
952 Source code and Issues: <https://github.com/jordansissel/xdotool>
954 EWMH specification:
956 <http://standards.freedesktop.org/wm-spec/wm-spec-1.3.html>
957
959 Please send questions to xdotool-users@googlegroups.com. File bugs and
960 feature requests at the following URL:
961 <https://github.com/jordansissel/xdotool/issues>
963 Alternately, if you prefer email, feel free to file bugs by emailing
965 the list. What works for you :)
966
968 xdotool was written by Jordan Sissel.
969 This manual page was written originally by Daniel Kahn Gillmor
971 <dkg@fifthhorseman.net> for the Debian project (but may be used by
972 others). It is maintained by Jordan Sissel.
973 Patches, ideas, and other contributions by many, nice folks. See the
975 CHANGELIST file for who provided what.
976 2022-01-22 XDOTOOL(1)