1Perl::Critic::ViolationU(s3e)r Contributed Perl DocumentaPteiroln::Critic::Violation(3)
2
6 Perl::Critic::Violation - A violation of a Policy found in some source
7 code.
8
10 use PPI;
11 use Perl::Critic::Violation;
12 my $elem = $doc->child(0); # $doc is a PPI::Document object
14 my $desc = 'Offending code'; # Describe the violation
15 my $expl = [1,45,67]; # Page numbers from PBP
16 my $sev = 5; # Severity level of this violation
17 my $vio = Perl::Critic::Violation->new($desc, $expl, $node, $sev);
19
21 Perl::Critic::Violation is the generic representation of an individual
22 Policy violation. Its primary purpose is to provide an abstraction
23 layer so that clients of Perl::Critic don't have to know anything about
24 PPI. The "violations" method of all Perl::Critic::Policy subclasses
25 must return a list of these Perl::Critic::Violation objects.
26
28 This is considered to be a public class. Any changes to its interface
29 will go through a deprecation cycle.
30
32 "new( $description, $explanation, $element, $severity )"
33 Returns a reference to a new "Perl::Critic::Violation" object. The
34 arguments are a description of the violation (as string), an
35 explanation for the policy (as string) or a series of page numbers
36 in PBP (as an ARRAY ref), a reference to the PPI element that
37 caused the violation, and the severity of the violation (as an
38 integer).
39
41 "description()"
42 Returns a brief description of the specific violation. In other
43 words, this value may change on a per violation basis.
44 "explanation()"
46 Returns an explanation of the policy as a string or as reference to
47 an array of page numbers in PBP. This value will generally not
48 change based upon the specific code violating the policy.
49 "location()"
51 Don't use this method. Use the "line_number()",
52 "logical_line_number()", "column_number()",
53 "visual_column_number()", and "logical_filename()" methods instead.
54 Returns a five-element array reference containing the line and real
56 & virtual column and logical numbers and logical file name where
57 this Violation occurred, as in PPI::Element.
58 "line_number()"
60 Returns the physical line number that the violation was found on.
61 "logical_line_number()"
63 Returns the logical line number that the violation was found on.
64 This can differ from the physical line number when there were
65 "#line" directives in the code.
66 "column_number()"
68 Returns the physical column that the violation was found at. This
69 means that hard tab characters count as a single character.
70 "visual_column_number()"
72 Returns the column that the violation was found at, as it would
73 appear if hard tab characters were expanded, based upon the value
74 of "tab_width [ $width ]" in PPI::Document.
75 "filename()"
77 Returns the path to the file where this Violation occurred. In
78 some cases, the path may be undefined because the source code was
79 not read directly from a file.
80 "logical_filename()"
82 Returns the logical path to the file where the Violation occurred.
83 This can differ from "filename()" when there was a "#line"
84 directive in the code.
85 "severity()"
87 Returns the severity of this Violation as an integer ranging from 1
88 to 5, where 5 is the "most" severe.
89 "sort_by_severity( @violation_objects )"
91 If you need to sort Violations by severity, use this handy routine:
92 @sorted = Perl::Critic::Violation::sort_by_severity(@violations);
94 "sort_by_location( @violation_objects )"
96 If you need to sort Violations by location, use this handy routine:
97 @sorted = Perl::Critic::Violation::sort_by_location(@violations);
99 "diagnostics()"
101 Returns a formatted string containing a full discussion of the
102 motivation for and details of the Policy module that created this
103 Violation. This information is automatically extracted from the
104 "DESCRIPTION" section of the Policy module's POD.
105 "policy()"
107 Returns the name of the Perl::Critic::Policy that created this
108 Violation.
109 "source()"
111 Returns the string of source code that caused this exception. If
112 the code spans multiple lines (e.g. multi-line statements,
113 subroutines or other blocks), then only the line containing the
114 violation will be returned.
115 "element_class()"
117 Returns the PPI::Element subclass of the code that caused this
118 exception.
119 "set_format( $format )"
121 Class method. Sets the format for all Violation objects when they
122 are evaluated in string context. The default is '%d at line %l,
123 column %c. %e'. See "OVERLOADS" for formatting options.
124 "get_format()"
126 Class method. Returns the current format for all Violation objects
127 when they are evaluated in string context.
128 "to_string()"
130 Returns a string representation of this violation. The content of
131 the string depends on the current value of the $format package
132 variable. See "OVERLOADS" for the details.
133
135 Perl::Critic::Violation overloads the "" operator to produce neat
136 little messages when evaluated in string context.
137 Formats are a combination of literal and escape characters similar to
139 the way "sprintf" works. If you want to know the specific formatting
140 capabilities, look at String::Format. Valid escape characters are:
141 Escape Meaning
143 ------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
144 %c Column number where the violation occurred
145 %d Full diagnostic discussion of the violation (DESCRIPTION in POD)
146 %e Explanation of violation or page numbers in PBP
147 %F Just the name of the logical file where the violation occurred.
148 %f Path to the logical file where the violation occurred.
149 %G Just the name of the physical file where the violation occurred.
150 %g Path to the physical file where the violation occurred.
151 %l Logical line number where the violation occurred
152 %L Physical line number where the violation occurred
153 %m Brief description of the violation
154 %P Full name of the Policy module that created the violation
155 %p Name of the Policy without the Perl::Critic::Policy:: prefix
156 %r The string of source code that caused the violation
157 %C The class of the PPI::Element that caused the violation
158 %s The severity level of the violation
159 Explanation of the %F, %f, %G, %G, %l, and %L formats: Using "#line"
161 directives, you can affect what perl thinks the current line number and
162 file name are; see "Plain Old Comments (Not!)" in perlsyn for the
163 details. Under normal circumstances, the values of %F, %f, and %l will
164 match the values of %G, %g, and %L, respectively. In the presence of a
165 "#line" directive, the values of %F, %f, and %l will change to take
166 that directive into account. The values of %G, %g, and %L are
167 unaffected by those directives.
168 Here are some examples:
170 Perl::Critic::Violation::set_format("%m at line %l, column %c.\n");
172 # looks like "Mixed case variable name at line 6, column 23."
173 Perl::Critic::Violation::set_format("%m near '%r'\n");
175 # looks like "Mixed case variable name near 'my $theGreatAnswer = 42;'"
176 Perl::Critic::Violation::set_format("%l:%c:%p\n");
178 # looks like "6:23:NamingConventions::Capitalization"
179 Perl::Critic::Violation::set_format("%m at line %l. %e. \n%d\n");
181 # looks like "Mixed case variable name at line 6. See page 44 of PBP.
182 Conway's recommended naming convention is to use lower-case words
183 separated by underscores. Well-recognized acronyms can be in ALL
184 CAPS, but must be separated by underscores from other parts of the
185 name."
186
188 Jeffrey Ryan Thalhammer <jeff@imaginative-software.com>
189
191 Copyright (c) 2005-2011 Imaginative Software Systems. All rights
192 reserved.
193 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
195 under the same terms as Perl itself. The full text of this license can
196 be found in the LICENSE file included with this module.
197perl v5.34.0 2022-01-21 Perl::Critic::Violation(3)