1IWD.CONFIG(5) Linux Connectivity IWD.CONFIG(5)
2
6 iwd.config - Configuration file for wireless daemon
7
9 Configuration file main.conf
10
12 The main.conf configuration file configures the system-wide settings
13 for iwd. This file lives in the configuration directory specified by
14 the environment variable $CONFIGURATION_DIRECTORY, which is normally
15 provided by systemd. In the absence of such an environment variable it
16 defaults to /etc/iwd. If no main.conf is present, then default values
17 are chosen. The presence of main.conf is not required.
18
20 See iwd.network for details on the file format.
21
23 The settings are split into several categories. Each category has a
24 group associated with it and described in separate tables below.
25 General Settings
27 The group [General] contains general settings.
28 ┌───────────────────────────┬────────────────────────────┐
68 │EnableNetworkConfiguration │ Values: true, false │
69 │ │ │
70 │ │ Enable network configura‐ │
71 │ │ tion. │
72 │ │ │
73 │ │ Setting this option to │
74 │ │ true enables iwd to con‐ │
75 │ │ figure the network inter‐ │
76 │ │ faces with the IP ad‐ │
77 │ │ dresses. There are two │
78 │ │ types IP addressing sup‐ │
79 │ │ ported by iwd: static and │
80 │ │ dynamic. The static IP │
81 │ │ addresses are configured │
82 │ │ through the network con‐ │
83 │ │ figuration files. If no │
84 │ │ static IP configuration │
85 │ │ has been provided for a │
86 │ │ network, iwd will attempt │
87 │ │ to obtain the dynamic ad‐ │
88 │ │ dresses from the network │
89 │ │ through the built-in DHCP │
90 │ │ client. │
91 │ │ │
92 │ │ This also enables network │
93 │ │ configuration and the DHCP │
94 │ │ server when in AP mode and │
95 │ │ the AP profile being acti‐ │
96 │ │ vated does not override │
97 │ │ it. │
98 │ │ │
99 │ │ The network configuration │
100 │ │ feature is disabled by de‐ │
101 │ │ fault. See [Network] set‐ │
102 │ │ tings for additional set‐ │
103 │ │ tings related to network │
104 │ │ configuration. │
105 ├───────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
106 │APRanges │ Values: <IP in prefix no‐ │
107 │ │ tation> │
108 │ │ │
109 │ │ Sets the range of IP's │
110 │ │ used for DHCP server (AP │
111 │ │ mode). The IP should be in │
112 │ │ prefix notation e.g. │
113 │ │ 192.168.1.0/24. AP's which │
114 │ │ are started in a pro‐ │
115 │ │ file-less configuration │
116 │ │ will use this pool of IP's │
117 │ │ to set the AP's interface │
118 │ │ address as well as default │
119 │ │ DHCP server options. Each │
120 │ │ AP will get a new subnet │
121 │ │ from the range and clients │
122 │ │ will be addressed in that │
123 │ │ subnet to avoid IP con‐ │
124 │ │ flicts if multiple AP's │
125 │ │ are started. │
126 └───────────────────────────┴────────────────────────────┘
127 │UseDefaultInterface │ Values: true, false │
134 │ │ │
135 │ │ Do not allow iwd to de‐ │
136 │ │ stroy / recreate wireless │
137 │ │ interfaces at startup, in‐ │
138 │ │ cluding default inter‐ │
139 │ │ faces. Enable this behav‐ │
140 │ │ ior if your wireless card │
141 │ │ driver is buggy or does │
142 │ │ not allow such an opera‐ │
143 │ │ tion, or if you do not │
144 │ │ want iwd to manage netdevs │
145 │ │ for another reason. For │
146 │ │ most users with an up‐ │
147 │ │ stream driver it should be │
148 │ │ safe to omit/disable this │
149 │ │ setting. │
150 ├───────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
151 │AddressRandomization │ Values: disabled, once, │
152 │ │ network │
153 │ │ │
154 │ │ If AddressRandomization is │
155 │ │ set to disabled, the de‐ │
156 │ │ fault kernel behavior is │
157 │ │ used. This means the ker‐ │
158 │ │ nel will assign a mac ad‐ │
159 │ │ dress from the permanent │
160 │ │ mac address range provided │
161 │ │ by the hardware / driver. │
162 │ │ Thus it is possible for │
163 │ │ networks to track the user │
164 │ │ by the mac address which │
165 │ │ is permanent. │
166 │ │ │
167 │ │ If AddressRandomization is │
168 │ │ set to once, MAC address │
169 │ │ is randomized a single │
170 │ │ time when iwd starts or │
171 │ │ when the hardware is de‐ │
172 │ │ tected for the first time │
173 │ │ (due to hotplug, etc.) │
174 │ │ │
175 │ │ If AddressRandomization is │
176 │ │ set to network, the MAC │
177 │ │ address is randomized on │
178 │ │ each connection to a net‐ │
179 │ │ work. The MAC is generated │
180 │ │ based on the SSID and per‐ │
181 │ │ manent address of the │
182 │ │ adapter. This allows the │
183 │ │ same MAC to be generated │
184 │ │ each time connecting to a │
185 │ │ given SSID while still │
186 │ │ hiding the permanent ad‐ │
187 │ │ dress. │
188 └───────────────────────────┴────────────────────────────┘
189 │AddressRandomizationRange │ Values: full, nic │
200 │ │ │
201 │ │ One can control which part │
202 │ │ of the address is random‐ │
203 │ │ ized using this setting. │
204 │ │ │
205 │ │ When using AddressRandom‐ │
206 │ │ izationRange set to nic, │
207 │ │ only the NIC specific │
208 │ │ octets (last 3 octets) are │
209 │ │ randomized. Note that the │
210 │ │ randomization range is │
211 │ │ limited to 00:00:01 to │
212 │ │ 00:00:FE. The permanent │
213 │ │ mac address of the card is │
214 │ │ used for the initial 3 │
215 │ │ octets. │
216 │ │ │
217 │ │ When using AddressRandom‐ │
218 │ │ izationRange set to full, │
219 │ │ all 6 octets of the ad‐ │
220 │ │ dress are randomized. The │
221 │ │ locally-administered bit │
222 │ │ will be set. │
223 ├───────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
224 │RoamThreshold │ Value: rssi dBm value, │
225 │ │ from -100 to 1, default: │
226 │ │ -70 │
227 │ │ │
228 │ │ This value can be used to │
229 │ │ control how aggressively │
230 │ │ iwd roams when connected │
231 │ │ to a 2.4Ghz access point. │
232 ├───────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
233 │RoamThreshold5G │ Value: rssi dBm value, │
234 │ │ from -100 to 1, default: │
235 │ │ -76 │
236 │ │ │
237 │ │ This value can be used to │
238 │ │ control how aggressively │
239 │ │ iwd roams when connected │
240 │ │ to a 5GHz access point. │
241 ├───────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
242 │RoamRetryInterval │ Value: unsigned int value │
243 │ │ in seconds (default: 60) │
244 │ │ │
245 │ │ Specifies how long iwd │
246 │ │ will wait before attempt‐ │
247 │ │ ing to roam again if the │
248 │ │ last roam attempt failed, │
249 │ │ or if the signal of the │
250 │ │ newly connected BSS is │
251 │ │ still considered weak. │
252 └───────────────────────────┴────────────────────────────┘
253 │ManagementFrameProtection │ Values: 0, 1 or 2 │
266 │ │ │
267 │ │ When ManagementFramePro‐ │
268 │ │ tection is 0, MFP is com‐ │
269 │ │ pletely turned off, even │
270 │ │ if the hardware is capa‐ │
271 │ │ ble. This setting is not │
272 │ │ recommended. │
273 │ │ │
274 │ │ When ManagementFramePro‐ │
275 │ │ tection is 1, MFP is en‐ │
276 │ │ abled if the local hard‐ │
277 │ │ ware and remote AP both │
278 │ │ support it. │
279 │ │ │
280 │ │ When ManagementFramePro‐ │
281 │ │ tection is 2, MFP is al‐ │
282 │ │ ways required. This can │
283 │ │ prevent successful connec‐ │
284 │ │ tion establishment on some │
285 │ │ hardware or to some net‐ │
286 │ │ works. │
287 ├───────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
288 │ControlPortOverNL80211 │ Values: false, true │
289 │ │ │
290 │ │ Enable/Disable sending │
291 │ │ EAPoL packets over │
292 │ │ NL80211. Enabled by de‐ │
293 │ │ fault if kernel support is │
294 │ │ available. Doing so sends │
295 │ │ all EAPoL traffic over di‐ │
296 │ │ rectly to the supplicant │
297 │ │ process (iwd) instead of │
298 │ │ putting these on the Eth‐ │
299 │ │ ernet device. Since only │
300 │ │ the supplicant can usually │
301 │ │ make sense / decrypt these │
302 │ │ packets, enabling this op‐ │
303 │ │ tion can save some CPU cy‐ │
304 │ │ cles on your system and │
305 │ │ avoids certain long-stand‐ │
306 │ │ ing race conditions. │
307 ├───────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
308 │DisableANQP │ Values: false, true │
309 │ │ │
310 │ │ Enable/disable ANQP │
311 │ │ queries. The way IWD does │
312 │ │ ANQP queries is dependent │
313 │ │ on a recent kernel patch │
314 │ │ (available in Kernel 5.3). │
315 │ │ If your kernel does not │
316 │ │ have this functionality │
317 │ │ this should be disabled │
318 │ │ (default). Some drivers │
319 │ │ also do a terrible job of │
320 │ │ sending public action │
321 │ │ frames (freezing or │
322 │ │ crashes) which is another │
323 │ │ reason why this has been │
324 │ │ turned off by default. If │
325 │ │ you want to easily utilize │
326 │ │ Hotspot 2.0 networks, then │
327 │ │ setting DisableANQP to │
328 │ │ false is recommended. │
329 └───────────────────────────┴────────────────────────────┘
330 │DisableOCV │ Value: false, true │
332 │ │ │
333 │ │ Disable Operating Channel │
334 │ │ Validation. Support for │
335 │ │ this is not advertised by │
336 │ │ the kernel so if ker‐ │
337 │ │ nels/drivers exist which │
338 │ │ don't support OCV it can │
339 │ │ be disabled here. │
340 ├───────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
341 │SystemdEncrypt │ Value: Systemd key ID │
342 │ │ │
343 │Warning: This is a highly │ Enables network profile │
344 │experimental feature │ encryption using a systemd │
345 │ │ provided secret key. Once │
346 │ │ enabled all PSK/8021x net‐ │
347 │ │ work profiles will be en‐ │
348 │ │ crypted automatically. │
349 │ │ Once the profile is en‐ │
350 │ │ crypted there is no way of │
351 │ │ going back using IWD │
352 │ │ alone. A tool, iwd-de‐ │
353 │ │ crypt-profile, is provided │
354 │ │ assuming the secret is │
355 │ │ known which will decrypt a │
356 │ │ profile. This decrypted │
357 │ │ profile could manually be │
358 │ │ set to /var/lib/iwd to │
359 │ │ 'undo' any profile encryp‐ │
360 │ │ tion, but its going to be │
361 │ │ a manual process. │
362 │ │ │
363 │ │ Setting up systemd to pro‐ │
364 │ │ vide the secret is left up │
365 │ │ to the user as IWD has no │
366 │ │ way of performing this au‐ │
367 │ │ tomatically. The systemd │
368 │ │ options required are Load‐ │
369 │ │ CredentialEncrypted or │
370 │ │ SetCredentialEncrypted, │
371 │ │ and the secret identifier │
372 │ │ should be named whatever │
373 │ │ SystemdEncrypt is set to. │
374 └───────────────────────────┴────────────────────────────┘
375 Network
377 The group [Network] contains network configuration related settings.
378 ┌─────────────────────┬────────────────────────────┐
380 │EnableIPv6 │ Values: true, false │
381 │ │ │
382 │ │ Sets the global default │
383 │ │ that tells iwd whether it │
384 │ │ should configure IPv6 ad‐ │
385 │ │ dresses and routes (either │
386 │ │ provided via static set‐ │
387 │ │ tings, Router Advertise‐ │
388 │ │ ments or DHCPv6 protocol). │
389 │ │ This setting is disabled │
390 │ │ by default. This setting │
391 │ │ can also be overridden on │
392 │ │ a per-network basis. │
393 └─────────────────────┴────────────────────────────┘
394 │NameResolvingService │ Values: resolvconf, sys‐ │
398 │ │ temd │
399 │ │ │
400 │ │ Configures a DNS resolu‐ │
401 │ │ tion method used by the │
402 │ │ system. │
403 │ │ │
404 │ │ This configuration option │
405 │ │ must be used in conjunc‐ │
406 │ │ tion with EnableNetwork‐ │
407 │ │ Configuration and provides │
408 │ │ the choice of system re‐ │
409 │ │ solver integration. │
410 │ │ │
411 │ │ If not specified, systemd │
412 │ │ is used as default. │
413 ├─────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
414 │RoutePriorityOffset │ Values: uint32 value (de‐ │
415 │ │ fault: 300) │
416 │ │ │
417 │ │ Configures a route prior‐ │
418 │ │ ity offset used by the │
419 │ │ system to prioritize the │
420 │ │ default routes. The route │
421 │ │ with lower priority offset │
422 │ │ is preferred. │
423 │ │ │
424 │ │ If not specified, 300 is │
425 │ │ used as default. │
426 ├─────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
427 │MulticastDNS │ Values: true, false, re‐ │
428 │ │ solve │
429 │ │ │
430 │ │ Configures multicast DNS │
431 │ │ on each interface. If not │
432 │ │ specified, systemd-re‐ │
433 │ │ solved's default value │
434 │ │ will remain untouched. │
435 │ │ See man 5 systemd.network │
436 │ │ for details. │
437 │ │ │
438 │ │ Only applies when NameRe‐ │
439 │ │ solvingService=systemd. │
440 └─────────────────────┴────────────────────────────┘
441 Blacklist
443 The group [Blacklist] contains settings related to blacklisting of
444 BSSes. If iwd determines that a connection to a BSS fails for a reason
445 that indicates the BSS is currently misbehaving or misconfigured (e.g.
446 timeouts, unexpected status/reason codes, etc), then iwd will blacklist
447 this BSS and avoid connecting to it for a period of time. These op‐
448 tions let the user control how long a misbehaved BSS spends on the
449 blacklist.
450 ┌───────────────┬────────────────────────────┐
452 │InitialTimeout │ Values: uint64 value in │
453 │ │ seconds (default: 60) │
454 │ │ │
455 │ │ The initial time that a │
456 │ │ BSS spends on the black‐ │
457 │ │ list. │
458 └───────────────┴────────────────────────────┘
459 │Multiplier │ Values: unsigned int value │
464 │ │ in seconds (default: 30) │
465 │ │ │
466 │ │ If the BSS was blacklisted │
467 │ │ previously and another │
468 │ │ connection attempt has │
469 │ │ failed after the initial │
470 │ │ timeout has expired, then │
471 │ │ the BSS blacklist time │
472 │ │ will be extended by a mul‐ │
473 │ │ tiple of Multiplier for │
474 │ │ each unsuccessful attempt │
475 │ │ up to MaxiumTimeout time │
476 │ │ in seconds. │
477 ├───────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
478 │MaximumTimeout │ Values: uint64 value in │
479 │ │ seconds (default: 86400) │
480 │ │ │
481 │ │ Maximum time that a BSS is │
482 │ │ blacklisted. │
483 └───────────────┴────────────────────────────┘
484 Rank
486 The group [Rank] contains settings related to ranking of networks for
487 autoconnect purposes.
488 ┌─────────────────┬────────────────────────────┐
490 │BandModifier5Ghz │ Values: floating point │
491 │ │ value (default: 1.0) │
492 │ │ │
493 │ │ Increase or decrease the │
494 │ │ preference for 5GHz access │
495 │ │ points by increasing or │
496 │ │ decreasing the value of │
497 │ │ this modifier. 5GHz net‐ │
498 │ │ works are already pre‐ │
499 │ │ ferred due to their in‐ │
500 │ │ crease throughput / data │
501 │ │ rate. However, 5GHz net‐ │
502 │ │ works are highly RSSI sen‐ │
503 │ │ sitive, so it is still │
504 │ │ possible for IWD to prefer │
505 │ │ 2.4Ghz APs in certain cir‐ │
506 │ │ cumstances. │
507 └─────────────────┴────────────────────────────┘
508 Scan
510 The group [Scan] contains settings related to scanning functionality.
511 No modification from defaults is normally required.
512 ┌──────────────────────────┬────────────────────────────┐
514 │DisablePeriodicScan │ Values: true, false │
515 │ │ │
516 │ │ Disable periodic scan. │
517 │ │ Setting this option to │
518 │ │ 'true' will prevent iwd │
519 │ │ from issuing the periodic │
520 │ │ scans for the available │
521 │ │ networks while discon‐ │
522 │ │ nected. The behavior of │
523 │ │ the user-initiated scans │
524 │ │ isn't affected. The peri‐ │
525 │ │ odic scan is enabled by │
526 │ │ default. │
527 └──────────────────────────┴────────────────────────────┘
528 │InitialPeriodicScanInter‐ │ Values: unsigned int value │
530 │val │ in seconds (default: 10) │
531 │ │ │
532 │ │ The initial periodic scan │
533 │ │ interval upon disconnect. │
534 ├──────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
535 │MaximumPeriodicScanInter‐ │ Values: unsigned int value │
536 │val │ in seconds (default: 300) │
537 │ │ │
538 │ │ The maximum periodic scan │
539 │ │ interval. │
540 ├──────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
541 │DisableRoamingScan │ Values: true, false │
542 │ │ │
543 │ │ Disable roaming scan. Set‐ │
544 │ │ ting this option to 'true' │
545 │ │ will prevent iwd from try‐ │
546 │ │ ing to scan when roaming │
547 │ │ decisions are activated. │
548 │ │ This can prevent iwd from │
549 │ │ roaming properly, but can │
550 │ │ be useful for networks op‐ │
551 │ │ erating under extremely │
552 │ │ low rssi levels where │
553 │ │ roaming isn't possible. │
554 └──────────────────────────┴────────────────────────────┘
555 IPv4
557 The group [IPv4] contains settings related to IPv4 network configura‐
558 tion.
559 ┌──────────────┬────────────────────────────┐
561 │APAddressPool │ Values: comma-separated │
562 │ │ list of prefix-notation IP │
563 │ │ strings │
564 │ │ │
565 │ │ Defines the space of IPs │
566 │ │ used for the Access │
567 │ │ Point-mode subnet ad‐ │
568 │ │ dresses and the DHCP │
569 │ │ server. Defaults to │
570 │ │ 192.168.0.0/16. The pre‐ │
571 │ │ fix length decides the │
572 │ │ size of the pool from │
573 │ │ which an address is se‐ │
574 │ │ lected but the actual sub‐ │
575 │ │ net size (netmask) is │
576 │ │ based on the AP profile │
577 │ │ being activated and de‐ │
578 │ │ faults to 28 bits. The AP │
579 │ │ profile's [IPv4].Address │
580 │ │ setting overrides the │
581 │ │ global value set here. │
582 │ │ Setting a too small ad‐ │
583 │ │ dress space will limit the │
584 │ │ number of access points │
585 │ │ that can be running simul‐ │
586 │ │ taneously on different in‐ │
587 │ │ terfaces. │
588 └──────────────┴────────────────────────────┘
589
591 iwd(8), iwd.network(5)
592
594 Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>, Denis Kenzior
595 <denkenz@gmail.com>, Andrew Zaborowski <andrew.zaborowski@intel.com>,
596 Tim Kourt <tim.a.kourt@linux.intel.com>, James Prestwood <prest‐
597 woj@gmail.com>
598
600 2013-2019 Intel Corporation
601iwd 22 September 2019 IWD.CONFIG(5)