1PERLSOLARIS(1) Perl Programmers Reference Guide PERLSOLARIS(1)
2
6 perlsolaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
7
9 This document describes various features of Sun's Solaris operating
10 system that will affect how Perl version 5 (hereafter just perl) is
11 compiled and/or runs. Some issues relating to the older SunOS 4.x are
12 also discussed, though they may be out of date.
13 For the most part, everything should just work.
15 Starting with Solaris 8, perl5.00503 (or higher) is supplied with the
17 operating system, so you might not even need to build a newer version
18 of perl at all. The Sun-supplied version is installed in /usr/perl5
19 with /usr/bin/perl pointing to /usr/perl5/bin/perl. Do not disturb
20 that installation unless you really know what you are doing. If you
21 remove the perl supplied with the OS, you will render some bits of your
22 system inoperable. If you wish to install a newer version of perl,
23 install it under a different prefix from /usr/perl5. Common prefixes
24 to use are /usr/local and /opt/perl.
25 You may wish to put your version of perl in the PATH of all users by
27 changing the link /usr/bin/perl. This is probably OK, as most perl
28 scripts shipped with Solaris use an explicit path. (There are a few
29 exceptions, such as /usr/bin/rpm2cpio and /etc/rcm/scripts/README, but
30 these are also sufficiently generic that the actual version of perl
31 probably doesn't matter too much.)
32 Solaris ships with a range of Solaris-specific modules. If you choose
34 to install your own version of perl you will find the source of many of
35 these modules is available on CPAN under the Sun::Solaris:: namespace.
36 Solaris may include two versions of perl, e.g. Solaris 9 includes both
38 5.005_03 and 5.6.1. This is to provide stability across Solaris
39 releases, in cases where a later perl version has incompatibilities
40 with the version included in the preceding Solaris release. The
41 default perl version will always be the most recent, and in general the
42 old version will only be retained for one Solaris release. Note also
43 that the default perl will NOT be configured to search for modules in
44 the older version, again due to compatibility/stability concerns. As a
45 consequence if you upgrade Solaris, you will have to rebuild/reinstall
46 any additional CPAN modules that you installed for the previous Solaris
47 version. See the CPAN manpage under 'autobundle' for a quick way of
48 doing this.
49 As an interim measure, you may either change the #! line of your
51 scripts to specifically refer to the old perl version, e.g. on Solaris
52 9 use #!/usr/perl5/5.00503/bin/perl to use the perl version that was
53 the default for Solaris 8, or if you have a large number of scripts it
54 may be more convenient to make the old version of perl the default on
55 your system. You can do this by changing the appropriate symlinks
56 under /usr/perl5 as follows (example for Solaris 9):
57 # cd /usr/perl5
59 # rm bin man pod
60 # ln -s ./5.00503/bin
61 # ln -s ./5.00503/man
62 # ln -s ./5.00503/lib/pod
63 # rm /usr/bin/perl
64 # ln -s ../perl5/5.00503/bin/perl /usr/bin/perl
65 In both cases this should only be considered to be a temporary measure
67 - you should upgrade to the later version of perl as soon as is
68 practicable.
69 Note also that the perl command-line utilities (e.g. perldoc) and any
71 that are added by modules that you install will be under
72 /usr/perl5/bin, so that directory should be added to your PATH.
73 Solaris Version Numbers.
75 For consistency with common usage, perl's Configure script performs
76 some minor manipulations on the operating system name and version
77 number as reported by uname. Here's a partial translation table:
78 Sun: perl's Configure:
80 uname uname -r Name osname osvers
81 SunOS 4.1.3 Solaris 1.1 sunos 4.1.3
82 SunOS 5.6 Solaris 2.6 solaris 2.6
83 SunOS 5.8 Solaris 8 solaris 2.8
84 SunOS 5.9 Solaris 9 solaris 2.9
85 SunOS 5.10 Solaris 10 solaris 2.10
86 The complete table can be found in the Sun Managers' FAQ
88 <ftp://ftp.cs.toronto.edu/pub/jdd/sunmanagers/faq> under "9.1) Which
89 Sun models run which versions of SunOS?".
90
92 There are many, many sources for Solaris information. A few of the
93 important ones for perl:
94 Solaris FAQ
96 The Solaris FAQ is available at
97 <http://www.science.uva.nl/pub/solaris/solaris2.html>.
98 The Sun Managers' FAQ is available at
100 <ftp://ftp.cs.toronto.edu/pub/jdd/sunmanagers/faq>
101 Precompiled Binaries
103 Precompiled binaries, links to many sites, and much, much more are
104 available at <http://www.sunfreeware.com/> and
105 <http://www.blastwave.org/>.
106 Solaris Documentation
108 All Solaris documentation is available on-line at
109 <http://docs.sun.com/>.
110
112 File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
113 Be sure to use a tar program compiled under Solaris (not SunOS 4.x) to
114 extract the perl-5.x.x.tar.gz file. Do not use GNU tar compiled for
115 SunOS4 on Solaris. (GNU tar compiled for Solaris should be fine.)
116 When you run SunOS4 binaries on Solaris, the run-time system magically
117 alters pathnames matching m#lib/locale# so that when tar tries to
118 create lib/locale.pm, a file named lib/oldlocale.pm gets created
119 instead. If you found this advice too late and used a SunOS4-compiled
120 tar anyway, you must find the incorrectly renamed file and move it back
121 to lib/locale.pm.
122 Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
124 You must use an ANSI C compiler to build perl. Perl can be compiled
125 with either Sun's add-on C compiler or with gcc. The C compiler that
126 shipped with SunOS4 will not do.
127 Include /usr/ccs/bin/ in your PATH.
129 Several tools needed to build perl are located in /usr/ccs/bin/: ar,
131 as, ld, and make. Make sure that /usr/ccs/bin/ is in your PATH.
132 On all the released versions of Solaris (8, 9 and 10) you need to make
134 sure the following packages are installed (this info is extracted from
135 the Solaris FAQ):
136 for tools (sccs, lex, yacc, make, nm, truss, ld, as): SUNWbtool,
138 SUNWsprot, SUNWtoo
139 for libraries & headers: SUNWhea, SUNWarc, SUNWlibm, SUNWlibms,
141 SUNWdfbh, SUNWcg6h, SUNWxwinc
142 Additionally, on Solaris 8 and 9 you also need:
144 for 64 bit development: SUNWarcx, SUNWbtoox, SUNWdplx, SUNWscpux,
146 SUNWsprox, SUNWtoox, SUNWlmsx, SUNWlmx, SUNWlibCx
147 And only on Solaris 8 you also need:
149 for libraries & headers: SUNWolinc
151 If you are in doubt which package contains a file you are missing, try
153 to find an installation that has that file. Then do a
154 $ grep /my/missing/file /var/sadm/install/contents
156 This will display a line like this:
158 /usr/include/sys/errno.h f none 0644 root bin 7471 37605 956241356
160 SUNWhea
161 The last item listed (SUNWhea in this example) is the package you need.
163 Avoid /usr/ucb/cc.
165 You don't need to have /usr/ucb/ in your PATH to build perl. If you
167 want /usr/ucb/ in your PATH anyway, make sure that /usr/ucb/ is NOT in
168 your PATH before the directory containing the right C compiler.
169 Sun's C Compiler
171 If you use Sun's C compiler, make sure the correct directory (usually
173 /opt/SUNWspro/bin/) is in your PATH (before /usr/ucb/).
174 GCC
176 If you use gcc, make sure your installation is recent and complete.
178 perl versions since 5.6.0 build fine with gcc > 2.8.1 on Solaris >=
179 2.6.
180 You must Configure perl with
182 $ sh Configure -Dcc=gcc
184 If you don't, you may experience strange build errors.
186 If you have updated your Solaris version, you may also have to update
188 your gcc. For example, if you are running Solaris 2.6 and your gcc is
189 installed under /usr/local, check in /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib and make
190 sure you have the appropriate directory, sparc-sun-solaris2.6/ or
191 i386-pc-solaris2.6/. If gcc's directory is for a different version of
192 Solaris than you are running, then you will need to rebuild gcc for
193 your new version of Solaris.
194 You can get a precompiled version of gcc from
196 <http://www.sunfreeware.com/> or <http://www.blastwave.org/>. Make sure
197 you pick up the package for your Solaris release.
198 If you wish to use gcc to build add-on modules for use with the perl
200 shipped with Solaris, you should use the Solaris::PerlGcc module which
201 is available from CPAN. The perl shipped with Solaris is configured
202 and built with the Sun compilers, and the compiler configuration
203 information stored in Config.pm is therefore only relevant to the Sun
204 compilers. The Solaris:PerlGcc module contains a replacement Config.pm
205 that is correct for gcc - see the module for details.
206 GNU as and GNU ld
208 The following information applies to gcc version 2. Volunteers to
210 update it as appropriately for gcc version 3 would be appreciated.
211 The versions of as and ld supplied with Solaris work fine for building
213 perl. There is normally no need to install the GNU versions to compile
214 perl.
215 If you decide to ignore this advice and use the GNU versions anyway,
217 then be sure that they are relatively recent. Versions newer than 2.7
218 are apparently new enough. Older versions may have trouble with
219 dynamic loading.
220 If you wish to use GNU ld, then you need to pass it the -Wl,-E flag.
222 The hints/solaris_2.sh file tries to do this automatically by setting
223 the following Configure variables:
224 ccdlflags="$ccdlflags -Wl,-E"
226 lddlflags="$lddlflags -Wl,-E -G"
227 However, over the years, changes in gcc, GNU ld, and Solaris ld have
229 made it difficult to automatically detect which ld ultimately gets
230 called. You may have to manually edit config.sh and add the -Wl,-E
231 flags yourself, or else run Configure interactively and add the flags
232 at the appropriate prompts.
233 If your gcc is configured to use GNU as and ld but you want to use the
235 Solaris ones instead to build perl, then you'll need to add
236 -B/usr/ccs/bin/ to the gcc command line. One convenient way to do that
237 is with
238 $ sh Configure -Dcc='gcc -B/usr/ccs/bin/'
240 Note that the trailing slash is required. This will result in some
242 harmless warnings as Configure is run:
243 gcc: file path prefix `/usr/ccs/bin/' never used
245 These messages may safely be ignored. (Note that for a SunOS4 system,
247 you must use -B/bin/ instead.)
248 Alternatively, you can use the GCC_EXEC_PREFIX environment variable to
250 ensure that Sun's as and ld are used. Consult your gcc documentation
251 for further information on the -B option and the GCC_EXEC_PREFIX
252 variable.
253 Sun and GNU make
255 The make under /usr/ccs/bin works fine for building perl. If you have
257 the Sun C compilers, you will also have a parallel version of make
258 (dmake). This works fine to build perl, but can sometimes cause
259 problems when running 'make test' due to underspecified dependencies
260 between the different test harness files. The same problem can also
261 affect the building of some add-on modules, so in those cases either
262 specify '-m serial' on the dmake command line, or use /usr/ccs/bin/make
263 instead. If you wish to use GNU make, be sure that the set-group-id
264 bit is not set. If it is, then arrange your PATH so that
265 /usr/ccs/bin/make is before GNU make or else have the system
266 administrator disable the set-group-id bit on GNU make.
267 Avoid libucb.
269 Solaris provides some BSD-compatibility functions in
271 /usr/ucblib/libucb.a. Perl will not build and run correctly if linked
272 against -lucb since it contains routines that are incompatible with the
273 standard Solaris libc. Normally this is not a problem since the
274 solaris hints file prevents Configure from even looking in /usr/ucblib
275 for libraries, and also explicitly omits -lucb.
276 Environment for Compiling perl on Solaris
278 PATH
279 Make sure your PATH includes the compiler (/opt/SUNWspro/bin/ if you're
281 using Sun's compiler) as well as /usr/ccs/bin/ to pick up the other
282 development tools (such as make, ar, as, and ld). Make sure your path
283 either doesn't include /usr/ucb or that it includes it after the
284 compiler and compiler tools and other standard Solaris directories.
285 You definitely don't want /usr/ucb/cc.
286 LD_LIBRARY_PATH
288 If you have the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable set, be sure that
290 it does NOT include /lib or /usr/lib. If you will be building
291 extensions that call third-party shared libraries (e.g. Berkeley DB)
292 then make sure that your LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable includes
293 the directory with that library (e.g. /usr/local/lib).
294 If you get an error message
296 dlopen: stub interception failed
298 it is probably because your LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable
300 includes a directory which is a symlink to /usr/lib (such as /lib).
301 The reason this causes a problem is quite subtle. The file
302 libdl.so.1.0 actually *only* contains functions which generate 'stub
303 interception failed' errors! The runtime linker intercepts links to
304 "/usr/lib/libdl.so.1.0" and links in internal implementations of those
305 functions instead. [Thanks to Tim Bunce for this explanation.]
306
308 See the INSTALL file for general information regarding Configure. Only
309 Solaris-specific issues are discussed here. Usually, the defaults
310 should be fine.
311 64-bit perl on Solaris.
313 See the INSTALL file for general information regarding 64-bit compiles.
314 In general, the defaults should be fine for most people.
315 By default, perl-5.6.0 (or later) is compiled as a 32-bit application
317 with largefile and long-long support.
318 General 32-bit vs. 64-bit issues.
320 Solaris 7 and above will run in either 32 bit or 64 bit mode on SPARC
322 CPUs, via a reboot. You can build 64 bit apps whilst running 32 bit
323 mode and vice-versa. 32 bit apps will run under Solaris running in
324 either 32 or 64 bit mode. 64 bit apps require Solaris to be running 64
325 bit mode.
326 Existing 32 bit apps are properly known as LP32, i.e. Longs and
328 Pointers are 32 bit. 64-bit apps are more properly known as LP64. The
329 discriminating feature of a LP64 bit app is its ability to utilise a
330 64-bit address space. It is perfectly possible to have a LP32 bit app
331 that supports both 64-bit integers (long long) and largefiles (> 2GB),
332 and this is the default for perl-5.6.0.
333 For a more complete explanation of 64-bit issues, see the "Solaris
335 64-bit Developer's Guide" at <http://docs.sun.com/>
336 You can detect the OS mode using "isainfo -v", e.g.
338 $ isainfo -v # Ultra 30 in 64 bit mode
340 64-bit sparcv9 applications
341 32-bit sparc applications
342 By default, perl will be compiled as a 32-bit application. Unless you
344 want to allocate more than ~ 4GB of memory inside perl, or unless you
345 need more than 255 open file descriptors, you probably don't need perl
346 to be a 64-bit app.
347 Large File Support
349 For Solaris 2.6 and onwards, there are two different ways for 32-bit
351 applications to manipulate large files (files whose size is > 2GByte).
352 (A 64-bit application automatically has largefile support built in by
353 default.)
354 First is the "transitional compilation environment", described in
356 lfcompile64(5). According to the man page,
357 The transitional compilation environment exports all the
359 explicit 64-bit functions (xxx64()) and types in addition to
360 all the regular functions (xxx()) and types. Both xxx() and
361 xxx64() functions are available to the program source. A
362 32-bit application must use the xxx64() functions in order
363 to access large files. See the lf64(5) manual page for a
364 complete listing of the 64-bit transitional interfaces.
365 The transitional compilation environment is obtained with the following
367 compiler and linker flags:
368 getconf LFS64_CFLAGS -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE
370 getconf LFS64_LDFLAG # nothing special needed
371 getconf LFS64_LIBS # nothing special needed
372 Second is the "large file compilation environment", described in
374 lfcompile(5). According to the man page,
375 Each interface named xxx() that needs to access 64-bit entities
377 to access large files maps to a xxx64() call in the
378 resulting binary. All relevant data types are defined to be
379 of correct size (for example, off_t has a typedef definition
380 for a 64-bit entity).
381 An application compiled in this environment is able to use
383 the xxx() source interfaces to access both large and small
384 files, rather than having to explicitly utilize the transitional
385 xxx64() interface calls to access large files.
386 Two exceptions are fseek() and ftell(). 32-bit applications should use
388 fseeko(3C) and ftello(3C). These will get automatically mapped to
389 fseeko64() and ftello64().
390 The large file compilation environment is obtained with
392 getconf LFS_CFLAGS -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64
394 getconf LFS_LDFLAGS # nothing special needed
395 getconf LFS_LIBS # nothing special needed
396 By default, perl uses the large file compilation environment and relies
398 on Solaris to do the underlying mapping of interfaces.
399 Building an LP64 perl
401 To compile a 64-bit application on an UltraSparc with a recent Sun
403 Compiler, you need to use the flag "-xarch=v9". getconf(1) will tell
404 you this, e.g.
405 $ getconf -a | grep v9
407 XBS5_LP64_OFF64_CFLAGS: -xarch=v9
408 XBS5_LP64_OFF64_LDFLAGS: -xarch=v9
409 XBS5_LP64_OFF64_LINTFLAGS: -xarch=v9
410 XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_CFLAGS: -xarch=v9
411 XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LDFLAGS: -xarch=v9
412 XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LINTFLAGS: -xarch=v9
413 _XBS5_LP64_OFF64_CFLAGS: -xarch=v9
414 _XBS5_LP64_OFF64_LDFLAGS: -xarch=v9
415 _XBS5_LP64_OFF64_LINTFLAGS: -xarch=v9
416 _XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_CFLAGS: -xarch=v9
417 _XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LDFLAGS: -xarch=v9
418 _XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LINTFLAGS: -xarch=v9
419 This flag is supported in Sun WorkShop Compilers 5.0 and onwards (now
421 marketed under the name Forte) when used on Solaris 7 or later on
422 UltraSparc systems.
423 If you are using gcc, you would need to use -mcpu=v9 -m64 instead.
425 This option is not yet supported as of gcc 2.95.2; from
426 install/SPECIFIC in that release:
427 GCC version 2.95 is not able to compile code correctly for sparc64
429 targets. Users of the Linux kernel, at least, can use the sparc32
430 program to start up a new shell invocation with an environment that
431 causes configure to recognize (via uname -a) the system as sparc-*-*
432 instead.
433 All this should be handled automatically by the hints file, if
435 requested.
436 Long Doubles.
438 As of 5.8.1, long doubles are working if you use the Sun compilers
440 (needed for additional math routines not included in libm).
441 Threads in perl on Solaris.
443 It is possible to build a threaded version of perl on Solaris. The
444 entire perl thread implementation is still experimental, however, so
445 beware.
446 Malloc Issues with perl on Solaris.
448 Starting from perl 5.7.1 perl uses the Solaris malloc, since the perl
449 malloc breaks when dealing with more than 2GB of memory, and the
450 Solaris malloc also seems to be faster.
451 If you for some reason (such as binary backward compatibility) really
453 need to use perl's malloc, you can rebuild perl from the sources and
454 Configure the build with
455 $ sh Configure -Dusemymalloc
457 You should not use perl's malloc if you are building with gcc. There
459 are reports of core dumps, especially in the PDL module. The problem
460 appears to go away under -DDEBUGGING, so it has been difficult to track
461 down. Sun's compiler appears to be okay with or without perl's malloc.
462 [XXX further investigation is needed here.]
463
465 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld
466 If you have problems with dynamic loading using gcc on SunOS or
467 Solaris, and you are using GNU as and GNU ld, see the section "GNU
468 as and GNU ld" above.
469 ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal: relocation error:
471 If you get this message on SunOS or Solaris, and you're using gcc,
472 it's probably the GNU as or GNU ld problem in the previous item
473 "GNU as and GNU ld".
474 dlopen: stub interception failed
476 The primary cause of the 'dlopen: stub interception failed' message
477 is that the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable includes a
478 directory which is a symlink to /usr/lib (such as /lib). See
479 "LD_LIBRARY_PATH" above.
480 #error "No DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified"
482 This is a common error when trying to build perl on Solaris 2.6
483 with a gcc installation from Solaris 2.5 or 2.5.1. The Solaris
484 header files changed, so you need to update your gcc installation.
485 You can either rerun the fixincludes script from gcc or take the
486 opportunity to update your gcc installation.
487 sh: ar: not found
489 This is a message from your shell telling you that the command 'ar'
490 was not found. You need to check your PATH environment variable to
491 make sure that it includes the directory with the 'ar' command.
492 This is a common problem on Solaris, where 'ar' is in the
493 /usr/ccs/bin/ directory.
494
496 op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
497 op/stat.t test 4 may fail if you are on a tmpfs of some sort. Building
498 in /tmp sometimes shows this behavior. The test suite detects if you
499 are building in /tmp, but it may not be able to catch all tmpfs
500 situations.
501 nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
503 See "nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent" in perlhpux.
504
506 Nothing too unusual here. You can easily do this if you have a cross-
507 compiler available; A usual Configure invocation when targetting a
508 Solaris x86 looks something like this:
509 sh ./Configure -des -Dusecrosscompile \
511 -Dcc=i386-pc-solaris2.11-gcc \
512 -Dsysroot=$SYSROOT \
513 -Alddlflags=" -Wl,-z,notext" \
514 -Dtargethost=... # The usual cross-compilation options
515 The lddlflags addition is the only abnormal bit.
517
519 You can pick up prebuilt binaries for Solaris from
520 <http://www.sunfreeware.com/>, <http://www.blastwave.org>, ActiveState
521 <http://www.activestate.com/>, and <http://www.perl.com/> under the
522 Binaries list at the top of the page. There are probably other sources
523 as well. Please note that these sites are under the control of their
524 respective owners, not the perl developers.
525
527 Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
528 The stdio(3C) manpage notes that for LP32 applications, only 255 files
529 may be opened using fopen(), and only file descriptors 0 through 255
530 can be used in a stream. Since perl calls open() and then fdopen(3C)
531 with the resulting file descriptor, perl is limited to 255 simultaneous
532 open files, even if sysopen() is used. If this proves to be an
533 insurmountable problem, you can compile perl as a LP64 application, see
534 "Building an LP64 perl" for details. Note also that the default
535 resource limit for open file descriptors on Solaris is 255, so you will
536 have to modify your ulimit or rctl (Solaris 9 onwards) appropriately.
537
539 See the modules under the Solaris:: and Sun::Solaris namespaces on
540 CPAN, see <http://www.cpan.org/modules/by-module/Solaris/> and
541 <http://www.cpan.org/modules/by-module/Sun/>.
542
544 Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
545 Proc::ProcessTable does not compile on Solaris with perl5.6.0 and
546 higher if you have LARGEFILES defined. Since largefile support is the
547 default in 5.6.0 and later, you have to take special steps to use this
548 module.
549 The problem is that various structures visible via procfs use off_t,
551 and if you compile with largefile support these change from 32 bits to
552 64 bits. Thus what you get back from procfs doesn't match up with the
553 structures in perl, resulting in garbage. See proc(4) for further
554 discussion.
555 A fix for Proc::ProcessTable is to edit Makefile to explicitly remove
557 the largefile flags from the ones MakeMaker picks up from Config.pm.
558 This will result in Proc::ProcessTable being built under the correct
559 environment. Everything should then be OK as long as
560 Proc::ProcessTable doesn't try to share off_t's with the rest of perl,
561 or if it does they should be explicitly specified as off64_t.
562 BSD::Resource on Solaris
564 BSD::Resource versions earlier than 1.09 do not compile on Solaris with
565 perl 5.6.0 and higher, for the same reasons as Proc::ProcessTable.
566 BSD::Resource versions starting from 1.09 have a workaround for the
567 problem.
568 Net::SSLeay on Solaris
570 Net::SSLeay requires a /dev/urandom to be present. This device is
571 available from Solaris 9 onwards. For earlier Solaris versions you can
572 either get the package SUNWski (packaged with several Sun software
573 products, for example the Sun WebServer, which is part of the Solaris
574 Server Intranet Extension, or the Sun Directory Services, part of
575 Solaris for ISPs) or download the ANDIrand package from
576 <http://www.cosy.sbg.ac.at/~andi/>. If you use SUNWski, make a symbolic
577 link /dev/urandom pointing to /dev/random. For more details, see
578 Document ID27606 entitled "Differing /dev/random support requirements
579 within Solaris[TM] Operating Environments", available at
580 <http://sunsolve.sun.com> .
581 It may be possible to use the Entropy Gathering Daemon (written in
583 Perl!), available from <http://www.lothar.com/tech/crypto/>.
584
586 In SunOS 4.x you most probably want to use the SunOS ld, /usr/bin/ld,
587 since the more recent versions of GNU ld (like 2.13) do not seem to
588 work for building Perl anymore. When linking the extensions, the GNU
589 ld gets very unhappy and spews a lot of errors like this
590 ... relocation truncated to fit: BASE13 ...
592 and dies. Therefore the SunOS 4.1 hints file explicitly sets the ld to
594 be /usr/bin/ld.
595 As of Perl 5.8.1 the dynamic loading of libraries (DynaLoader,
597 XSLoader) also seems to have become broken in in SunOS 4.x. Therefore
598 the default is to build Perl statically.
599 Running the test suite in SunOS 4.1 is a bit tricky since the
601 dist/Tie-File/t/09_gen_rs.t test hangs (subtest #51, FWIW) for some
602 unknown reason. Just stop the test and kill that particular Perl
603 process.
604 There are various other failures, that as of SunOS 4.1.4 and gcc 3.2.2
606 look a lot like gcc bugs. Many of the failures happen in the Encode
607 tests, where for example when the test expects "0" you get "0"
608 which should after a little squinting look very odd indeed. Another
609 example is earlier in t/run/fresh_perl where chr(0xff) is expected but
610 the test fails because the result is chr(0xff). Exactly.
611 This is the "make test" result from the said combination:
613 Failed 27 test scripts out of 745, 96.38% okay.
615 Running the "harness" is painful because of the many failing Unicode-
617 related tests will output megabytes of failure messages, but if one
618 patiently waits, one gets these results:
619 Failed Test Stat Wstat Total Fail Failed List of Failed
621 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
622 ...
623 ../ext/Encode/t/at-cn.t 4 1024 29 4 13.79% 14-17
624 ../ext/Encode/t/at-tw.t 10 2560 17 10 58.82% 2 4 6 8 10 12
625 14-17
626 ../ext/Encode/t/enc_data.t 29 7424 ?? ?? % ??
627 ../ext/Encode/t/enc_eucjp.t 29 7424 ?? ?? % ??
628 ../ext/Encode/t/enc_module.t 29 7424 ?? ?? % ??
629 ../ext/Encode/t/encoding.t 29 7424 ?? ?? % ??
630 ../ext/Encode/t/grow.t 12 3072 24 12 50.00% 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
631 16 18 20 22 24
632 Failed Test Stat Wstat Total Fail Failed List of Failed
633 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
634 ../ext/Encode/t/guess.t 255 65280 29 40 137.93% 10-29
635 ../ext/Encode/t/jperl.t 29 7424 15 30 200.00% 1-15
636 ../ext/Encode/t/mime-header.t 2 512 10 2 20.00% 2-3
637 ../ext/Encode/t/perlio.t 22 5632 38 22 57.89% 1-4 9-16 19-20
638 23-24 27-32
639 ../ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t 0 139 ?? ?? % ??
640 ../ext/PerlIO/t/encoding.t 14 1 7.14% 11
641 ../ext/PerlIO/t/fallback.t 9 2 22.22% 3 5
642 ../ext/Socket/t/socketpair.t 0 2 45 70 155.56% 11-45
643 ../lib/CPAN/t/vcmp.t 30 1 3.33% 25
644 ../lib/Tie/File/t/09_gen_rs.t 0 15 ?? ?? % ??
645 ../lib/Unicode/Collate/t/test.t 199 30 15.08% 7 26-27 71-75
646 81-88 95 101
647 103-104 106 108-
648 109 122 124 161
649 169-172
650 ../lib/sort.t 0 139 119 26 21.85% 107-119
651 op/alarm.t 4 1 25.00% 4
652 op/utfhash.t 97 1 1.03% 31
653 run/fresh_perl.t 91 1 1.10% 32
654 uni/tr_7jis.t ?? ?? % ??
655 uni/tr_eucjp.t 29 7424 6 12 200.00% 1-6
656 uni/tr_sjis.t 29 7424 6 12 200.00% 1-6
657 56 tests and 467 subtests skipped.
658 Failed 27/811 test scripts, 96.67% okay. 1383/75399 subtests failed,
659 98.17% okay.
660 The alarm() test failure is caused by system() apparently blocking
662 alarm(). That is probably a libc bug, and given that SunOS 4.x has
663 been end-of-lifed years ago, don't hold your breath for a fix. In
664 addition to that, don't try anything too Unicode-y, especially with
665 Encode, and you should be fine in SunOS 4.x.
666
668 The original was written by Andy Dougherty doughera@lafayette.edu
669 drawing heavily on advice from Alan Burlison, Nick Ing-Simmons, Tim
670 Bunce, and many other Solaris users over the years.
671 Please report any errors, updates, or suggestions to
673 <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues>.
674perl v5.36.0 2022-08-30 PERLSOLARIS(1)