1XINE(5)                       File Formats Manual                      XINE(5)
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NAME

6       xine - a free video player
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MRL (media resource locator)

9       MRLs  are  similar to URLs in your web browser. They describe the media
10       to read from. Valid MRLs may be plain file names or one of the  follow‐
11       ing (see also the notes below):
12
13       • Filesystem:
14              file:<path>
15              fifo:<path>
16              stdin:/
17
18       • CD and DVD:
19              dvd:/[device_name][/title[.part]]
20              dvd:/DVD_image_file[/title[.part]]
21              dvd:/DVD_directory[/title[.part]]
22                   (use the path of the directory which contains VIDEO_TS)
23              vcd://[CD_image_or_device_name][@[letter]number]
24              vcdo://track_number
25              cdda:/[device][/track_number]
26
27       • Video devices:
28              v4l://[tuner_device/frequency]
29              v4l2://tuner_device
30              dvb://channel_number
31                   (nth channel in your channels.conf)
32              dvb://channel_name
33              dvbc://channel_name:tuning_parameters
34              dvbs://channel_name:tuning_parameters
35              dvbt://channel_name:tuning_parameters
36              dvba://channel_name:tuning_parameters
37              pvr:/tmp_files_path!saved_files_path!max_page_age
38                   (for WinTV PVR 250 and 350)
39
40       • Network:
41              http://host...
42              tcp://host[:port]
43              udp://host[:port[?iface=interface]]
44              rtp://host[:port[?iface=interface]]
45                   (default port for tcp, udp and rtp is 7658)
46              smb://...
47              mms://host...
48              pnm://host...
49              rtsp://host...  (requires Real codecs)
50
51       Additional  input  plugins  will provide additional MRL types. The ones
52       listed above are available with stock libxine.
53
54       NOTE: where a file name is required, the full path must be  provided  -
55       from  a  shell,  you  can  normally use "$PWD/file" or "$(pwd)/file" or
56       "`pwd`/file" if the file is in the current directory.  (Which  one  de‐
57       pends  on your shell; all three work in bash. Also, normal URL encoding
58       rules apply; `%', in particular, must be encoded as `%25'.)
59
60       As of xine-lib 1.1.3, the DVD title number may be 0 (select navigation)
61       and the chapter number may be 0 (full title).
62
63
64   VCD MRL Syntax
65       A  simple vcd:/ runs the default item (e.g. perhaps track 1 or entry 0)
66       using the default VCD device (perhaps  /dev/cdrom).  Both  the  default
67       item and default device are user-configurable.
68
69       It  is  however  also possible to specify both Video CD device/filename
70       and item explicitly in the MRL.
71
72       For example vcd:/dev/dvd  specifies  the  default  entry  using  device
73       /dev/dvd which might useful if this is your DVD which is different than
74       your  CD-ROM  device  and  your  DVD   drive   can   play   CD's.   And
75       vcd://test_svcd_ntsc.cue  specifies  the cue file for CD image on disk.
76       (test_svcd_ntsc.bin is the corresponding bin file, but using that won't
77       work.)
78
79       After  the  optional device name or file name, you can name the kind of
80       unit, preceded by a colon. An MRL which ends in a  colon  is  like  not
81       adding it at all: the default entry type and number is used. Items come
82       in 4 flavours: "Track", "Entry", "Playback" and "Segment". These  units
83       are  indicated  with the capital first letter of each type: T, E, P, S,
84       s. An uppercase S in the MRL display indicates a NTSC segment  while  a
85       lowercase  s  indicates a PAL segment.  However, when you enter an MRL,
86       the case of these letters is insignificant.
87
88       Depending on the Video CD, you might not  have  any  playable  segments
89       (S,s)  or  playback  control  (P).   If you give a MRL that refers to a
90       playback control entry but there is no playback control, your  playback
91       number will silently be converted into the corresponding entry number.
92
93       You  can  configure  various  things that affect MRLs are selected when
94       there is some ambiguity in the MRL name. media.vcd.autoplay  sets  what
95       kind  of  unit to to use in a MRL is none is given.  Another configura‐
96       tion setting, vcd.device, determines what device to use if that part is
97       not given.  When you hit the VCD button, that is equivalent to entering
98       vcd:/ and thus these two configuration settings are used to expand  the
99       MRL.
100
101       Some  examples  of MRLs are given below. In the examples, we assume the
102       following configuration settings:
103
104
105       vcd:// Play (navigate) default item (in this case Entry ID 0) from  the
106              default device (in this case set to /dev/cdrom)
107
108       vcd://@
109              Same as above
110
111       vcd:///dev/cdrom@
112              Same  effect  as  above  since  the  default  device  is  set to
113              /dev/cdrom.
114
115       vcd:///dev/cdrom@E0
116              Same as above. But note that  this  is  because  we  have  auto‐
117              play:entry which is no longer the default value.
118
119       vcd:///dev/cdrom2@
120              Play (navigate) the default item of /dev/cdrom2
121
122       vcd:///dev/cdrom2
123              should be same as above but is currently broken?
124
125       vcd:///dev/cdrom2@T1
126              Play Track 1 from /dev/cdrom2
127
128       vcd:///dev/cdrom@S1
129              Play  segment  1 from /dev/cdrom. This assumes that there *is* a
130              segment 1.  Check the MRL list to see if that is the case.
131
132       vcd://@P1
133              Play playlist item 1 from default device. If there is  no  play‐
134              back  control,  the  MRL will be converted into vcd:/@E0.  Again
135              check the MRL list to see if there is a P1.
136
137       vcd://@P1*
138              Probably same as above.
139
140       vcd:///dev/cdrom@E1
141              Play Entry id 1 from default device.
142
143       vcd://@S0
144              Play segment 0 from default device.
145
146       vcd://@3
147              Play track 3 from default device.
148
149       vcd:///dev/cdrom2:1
150              Play track 1 from /dev/cdrom2.
151
152       vcd:///tmp/ntsc.cue@
153              Play default item (E0) of /tmp/ntsc.bin. Note trailing @.
154
155       vcd://ntsc.cue/@E0
156              Play entry 0 of ntsc.bin.
157
158       vcd:///tmp/ntsc.nrg/@E0
159              Play entry 0 of /tmp/ntsc.nrg (Nero file). Works for some simple
160              Nero images.
161
162   DVB
163       DVB  MRLs  require  that  xine-lib/channels.conf  exists  in  $XDG_CON‐
164       FIG_HOME/ or ~/.config/ and contains valid data.  This can be  obtained
165       by  generating  a tuning file using the LinuxTV DVB apps utility "scan"
166       (or "dvbscan" if you're using a version newer than 1.1.0):
167
168       scan -o zap  /usr/share/doc/dvb-utils/examples/scan/dvb-t/uk-PontopPike
169       >~/.config/xine-lib/channels.conf
170
171       (This  example is for the writer's local transmitter, using a file from
172       the Debian dvb-utils package.)
173
174       For the dvbc, dvbs and dvbt MRLs, tuning parameters are expected,  tak‐
175       ing one of the following forms:
176
177       DVB-S  <frequency>:<polarisation>:<sat-no>:<sym-
178              rate>:<vpid>:<apid>:<service-id>
179
180       DVB-C  <frequency>:<inversion>:<sym-
181              rate>:<fec>:<qam>:<vpid>:<apid>:<service-id>
182
183       DVB-T  <frequency>:<inversion>:<bw>:<fec-hp>:<fec-lp>:<qam>:<transmis‐
184              sion-mode>:<guardlist>:<hierarchy-info>:<vpid>:<apid>:<service-
185              id>
186
187       DVB-A  <frequency>:<qam>:<vpid>:<apid>:<service-id>
188
189       The individual parameters are:
190
191       frequency           number, usually in kHz
192
193       polarisation        `v' or `h'
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195       sat-no              unsigned long, usually 0
196
197       sym-rate            symbol rate in MSyms/sec
198
199       inversion           INVERSION_ON, INVERSION_OFF, INVERSION_AUTO
200
201       fec, fec-hp, fec-lp FEC_1_2,  FEC_2_3,  FEC_3_4  ... FEC_8_9, FEC_AUTO,
202                           FEC_NONE
203
204       qam                 QPSK, QAM_128, QAM_16 ...
205
206       bw                  BANDWIDTH_6_MHZ, BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ, BANDWIDTH_8_MHZ
207
208       transmission-mode   TRANSMISSION_MODE_2K, TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K
209
210       guardlist           GUARD_INTERVAL_1_4,  GUARD_INTERVAL_1_8,  GUARD_IN‐
211                           TERVAL_1_16, GUARD_INTERVAL_1_32,
212
213       hierarchy-info      HIERARCHY_1,   HIERARCHY_2,   HIERARCHY_4,  HIERAR‐
214                           CHY_NONE
215
216       vpid                video program ID
217
218       apid                audio program ID
219
220       service-id          service ID (needed for now/next information etc.)
221
222       The following keyboard & mouse inputs may be accepted:
223
224       Menu 2                  Start/stop recording
225
226       Menu 3                  Toggle zoom
227
228       Menu 7                  Toggle now/next display
229
230       Previous/Next Chapter   Previous/next channel
231
232       Mouse wheel & button 1  Scroll through channel list & select the  high‐
233                               lighted channel
234

SUBTITLE

236       external subtitle files (any mrl)
237       Text subtitle files may be appended to the MRL:.
238
239       <mrl>#subtitle:<subtitlefile>
240              This  is  the normal way to define the subtitle file to use. The
241              frontend will not take any notice of the subtitle file. For  ex‐
242              ample:
243              file://home/user/wibble.mpg#subtitle:/home/user/wibble.sub
244              (Note  that some front ends can detect subtitles files where the
245              name differs as shown in the example.)
246

STREAM OPTIONS

248       After a delimiting # you can add several stream parameters:
249
250       novideo
251              Video will be ignored.
252
253       noaudio
254              Audio will be ignored.
255
256       nospu  Subpictures will be ignored.
257
258       demux:<demux name>
259              Specify the demux plugin to use.
260
261       volume:<level>
262              Set audio volume.
263
264       compression:<level>
265              Set audio dynamic range compression.
266
267       <config entry>:<config value>
268              Assign a new value to any config entry.
269
270       save:<file>
271              Save the stream (if allowed) to the named file, relative to  the
272              directory given by the option "media.capture.save_dir".
273
274       change configuration option 'on the fly':
275              You  can  change  a  configuration option at any time, using the
276              special cfg:/ MRL style. The syntax is:
277                   cfg:/<config entry> : <config value>
278              Unlike stream config option,  you  can  change  anything  before
279              playing the stream.
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281

SEE ALSO

283       xine(1), aaxine(1), gxine(1), toxine(1), totem(1), kaffeine(1) ...
284
285       The   programs   are   documented   fully   on   the  xine  home  page:
286       http://www.xine-project.org/http://www.xine-project.org/
287

AUTHOR

289       This text  was  extracted  from  the  xine  man  page  by  Darren  Salt
290       <dsalt@users.sourceforge.net>.   The xine man page was written by Siggi
291       Langauf <siggi@debian.org> for the xine project.  Lots of additions  by
292       Guenter  Bartsch  <guenter@users.sourceforge.net>, Daniel Caujolle-Bert
293       <f1rmb@users.sourceforge.net>, Rocky Bernstein  <rocky@panix.com>,  and
294       Philipp Hahn <pmhahn@users.sourceforge.net>.
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298The xine project                  2005-06-15                           XINE(5)
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