1button(n)                    Tk Built-In Commands                    button(n)
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NAME

8       button - Create and manipulate 'button' action widgets
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SYNOPSIS

11       button pathName ?options?
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STANDARD OPTIONS

14       -activebackground     -font                -relief
15       -activeforeground     -foreground          -repeatdelay
16       -anchor               -highlightbackground -repeatinterval
17       -background           -highlightcolor      -takefocus
18       -bitmap               -highlightthickness  -text
19       -borderwidth          -image               -textvariable
20       -compound             -justify             -underline
21       -cursor               -padx                -wraplength
22       -disabledforeground   -pady
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24       See the options manual entry for details on the standard options.
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WIDGET-SPECIFIC OPTIONS

27       Command-Line Name:-command
28       Database Name:  command
29       Database Class: Command
30
31              Specifies a Tcl command to associate with the button.  This com‐
32              mand is typically invoked when mouse button 1 is  released  over
33              the button window.
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35       Command-Line Name:-default
36       Database Name:  default
37       Database Class: Default
38
39              Specifies  one  of  three  states  for the default ring: normal,
40              active, or disabled.  In active state, the button is drawn  with
41              the  platform specific appearance for a default button.  In nor‐
42              mal state, the  button  is  drawn  with  the  platform  specific
43              appearance  for  a  non-default  button, leaving enough space to
44              draw the default  button  appearance.   The  normal  and  active
45              states  will  result  in  buttons of the same size.  In disabled
46              state, the button is drawn with the non-default  button  appear‐
47              ance without leaving space for the default appearance.  The dis‐
48              abled state may result in  a  smaller  button  than  the  active
49              state.
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51       Command-Line Name:-height
52       Database Name:  height
53       Database Class: Height
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55              Specifies  a desired height for the button.  If an image or bit‐
56              map is being displayed in the button then the value is in screen
57              units  (i.e.  any  of the forms acceptable to Tk_GetPixels); for
58              text it is in lines of text.  If this option is  not  specified,
59              the  button's  desired  height  is computed from the size of the
60              image or bitmap or text being displayed in it.
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62       Command-Line Name:-overrelief
63       Database Name:  overRelief
64       Database Class: OverRelief
65
66              Specifies an alternative relief for the button, to be used  when
67              the mouse cursor is over the widget.  This option can be used to
68              make toolbar buttons, by configuring  -relief  flat  -overrelief
69              raised.   If  the value of this option is the empty string, then
70              no alternative relief is used when the mouse cursor is over  the
71              button.  The empty string is the default value.
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73       Command-Line Name:-state
74       Database Name:  state
75       Database Class: State
76
77              Specifies  one  of three states for the button:  normal, active,
78              or disabled.  In normal state the button is displayed using  the
79              -foreground  and -background options.  The active state is typi‐
80              cally used when the pointer is over the button.  In active state
81              the button is displayed using the -activeforeground and -active‐
82              background options.  Disabled state means that the button should
83              be  insensitive:   the  default bindings will refuse to activate
84              the widget and will ignore mouse button presses.  In this  state
85              the  -disabledforeground  and  -background options determine how
86              the button is displayed.
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88       Command-Line Name:-width
89       Database Name:  width
90       Database Class: Width
91
92              Specifies a desired width for the button.  If an image or bitmap
93              is  being  displayed  in  the button then the value is in screen
94              units (i.e. any of the forms acceptable to Tk_GetPixels).  For a
95              text  button  (no  image  or with -compound none) then the width
96              specifies how much space in characters to allocate for the  text
97              label.   If  the width is negative then this specifies a minimum
98              width.  If this option is not specified,  the  button's  desired
99              width  is  computed from the size of the image or bitmap or text
100              being displayed in it.
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DESCRIPTION

104       The button command creates a new window (given by  the  pathName  argu‐
105       ment) and makes it into a button widget.  Additional options, described
106       above, may be specified on the command line or in the  option  database
107       to  configure aspects of the button such as its colors, font, text, and
108       initial relief.  The button command returns its pathName argument.   At
109       the  time  this command is invoked, there must not exist a window named
110       pathName, but pathName's parent must exist.
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112       A button is a widget that displays a textual string, bitmap  or  image.
113       If  text  is  displayed,  it  must  all be in a single font, but it can
114       occupy multiple lines on the screen (if  it  contains  newlines  or  if
115       wrapping occurs because of the -wraplength option) and one of the char‐
116       acters may optionally be underlined using the  -underline  option.   It
117       can  display itself in either of three different ways, according to the
118       -state option; it can be made to appear raised, sunken, or flat; and it
119       can  be  made  to  flash.   When a user invokes the button (by pressing
120       mouse button 1 with the cursor over the button), then the  Tcl  command
121       specified in the -command option is invoked.
122

WIDGET COMMAND

124       The  button  command  creates a new Tcl command whose name is pathName.
125       This command may be used to invoke various operations  on  the  widget.
126       It has the following general form:
127              pathName option ?arg arg ...?
128       Option  and  the args determine the exact behavior of the command.  The
129       following commands are possible for button widgets:
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131       pathName cget option
132              Returns the current value of the configuration option  given  by
133              option.   Option may have any of the values accepted by the but‐
134              ton command.
135
136       pathName configure ?option? ?value option value ...?
137              Query or modify the configuration options of the widget.  If  no
138              option is specified, returns a list describing all of the avail‐
139              able options for pathName (see Tk_ConfigureInfo for  information
140              on  the  format  of  this list).  If option is specified with no
141              value, then the command returns a list describing the one  named
142              option (this list will be identical to the corresponding sublist
143              of the value returned if no option is  specified).   If  one  or
144              more option-value pairs are specified, then the command modifies
145              the given widget option(s) to have the given value(s);  in  this
146              case  the  command returns an empty string.  Option may have any
147              of the values accepted by the button command.
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149       pathName flash
150              Flash the button.  This is accomplished by redisplaying the but‐
151              ton  several  times,  alternating between the configured active‐
152              background and background colors.  At the end of the  flash  the
153              button  is left in the same normal/active state as when the com‐
154              mand was invoked.  This command is ignored if the button's state
155              is disabled.
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157       pathName invoke
158              Invoke  the  Tcl command associated with the button, if there is
159              one.  The return value is the return value from the Tcl command,
160              or  an  empty  string if there is no command associated with the
161              button.  This command is ignored if the button's state  is  dis‐
162              abled.
163

DEFAULT BINDINGS

165       Tk  automatically  creates  class  bindings  for buttons that give them
166       default behavior:
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168       [1]    A button activates whenever the mouse passes over it and deacti‐
169              vates whenever the mouse leaves the button.  Under Windows, this
170              binding is only active when mouse button 1 has been pressed over
171              the button.
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173       [2]    A  button's  relief is changed to sunken whenever mouse button 1
174              is pressed over the button, and the relief is  restored  to  its
175              original value when button 1 is later released.
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177       [3]    If  mouse  button  1 is pressed over a button and later released
178              over the button, the button is invoked.  However, if  the  mouse
179              is  not over the button when button 1 is released, then no invo‐
180              cation occurs.
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182       [4]    When a button has the input focus, the space key causes the but‐
183              ton to be invoked.
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185       If the button's state is disabled then none of the above actions occur:
186       the button is completely non-responsive.
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188       The behavior of buttons can be changed by  defining  new  bindings  for
189       individual widgets or by redefining the class bindings.
190

PLATFORM NOTES

192       On  Aqua/Mac  OS X, some configuration options are ignored for the pur‐
193       pose of drawing of the widget because  they  would  otherwise  conflict
194       with  platform guidelines. The configure and cget subcommands can still
195       manipulate the values, but do not cause any variation to  the  look  of
196       the  widget.  The  options  affected  notably  include  -background and
197       -relief.
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EXAMPLES

200       This is the classic Tk “Hello, World!”  demonstration:
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202              button .b -text "Hello, World!" -command exit
203              pack .b
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205       This example demonstrates how to handle button accelerators:
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207              button .b1 -text Hello -underline 0
208              button .b2 -text World -underline 0
209              bind . <Key-h> {.b1 flash; .b1 invoke}
210              bind . <Key-w> {.b2 flash; .b2 invoke}
211              pack .b1 .b2
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SEE ALSO

214       ttk::button(n)
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KEYWORDS

217       button, widget
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221Tk                                    4.4                            button(n)
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