1FFMPEG(1) FFMPEG(1)
2
6 ffmpeg - ffmpeg video converter
7
9 ffmpeg [global_options] {[input_file_options] -i input_url} ...
10 {[output_file_options] output_url} ...
11
13 ffmpeg is a very fast video and audio converter that can also grab from
14 a live audio/video source. It can also convert between arbitrary sample
15 rates and resize video on the fly with a high quality polyphase filter.
16 ffmpeg reads from an arbitrary number of input "files" (which can be
18 regular files, pipes, network streams, grabbing devices, etc.),
19 specified by the "-i" option, and writes to an arbitrary number of
20 output "files", which are specified by a plain output url. Anything
21 found on the command line which cannot be interpreted as an option is
22 considered to be an output url.
23 Each input or output url can, in principle, contain any number of
25 streams of different types (video/audio/subtitle/attachment/data). The
26 allowed number and/or types of streams may be limited by the container
27 format. Selecting which streams from which inputs will go into which
28 output is either done automatically or with the "-map" option (see the
29 Stream selection chapter).
30 To refer to input files in options, you must use their indices
32 (0-based). E.g. the first input file is 0, the second is 1, etc.
33 Similarly, streams within a file are referred to by their indices. E.g.
34 "2:3" refers to the fourth stream in the third input file. Also see the
35 Stream specifiers chapter.
36 As a general rule, options are applied to the next specified file.
38 Therefore, order is important, and you can have the same option on the
39 command line multiple times. Each occurrence is then applied to the
40 next input or output file. Exceptions from this rule are the global
41 options (e.g. verbosity level), which should be specified first.
42 Do not mix input and output files -- first specify all input files,
44 then all output files. Also do not mix options which belong to
45 different files. All options apply ONLY to the next input or output
46 file and are reset between files.
47 • To set the video bitrate of the output file to 64 kbit/s:
49 ffmpeg -i input.avi -b:v 64k -bufsize 64k output.avi
51 • To force the frame rate of the output file to 24 fps:
53 ffmpeg -i input.avi -r 24 output.avi
55 • To force the frame rate of the input file (valid for raw formats
57 only) to 1 fps and the frame rate of the output file to 24 fps:
58 ffmpeg -r 1 -i input.m2v -r 24 output.avi
60 The format option may be needed for raw input files.
62
64 The transcoding process in ffmpeg for each output can be described by
65 the following diagram:
66 _______ ______________
68 | | | |
69 | input | demuxer | encoded data | decoder
70 | file | ---------> | packets | -----+
71 |_______| |______________| |
72 v
73 _________
74 | |
75 | decoded |
76 | frames |
77 |_________|
78 ________ ______________ |
79 | | | | |
80 | output | <-------- | encoded data | <----+
81 | file | muxer | packets | encoder
82 |________| |______________|
83 ffmpeg calls the libavformat library (containing demuxers) to read
85 input files and get packets containing encoded data from them. When
86 there are multiple input files, ffmpeg tries to keep them synchronized
87 by tracking lowest timestamp on any active input stream.
88 Encoded packets are then passed to the decoder (unless streamcopy is
90 selected for the stream, see further for a description). The decoder
91 produces uncompressed frames (raw video/PCM audio/...) which can be
92 processed further by filtering (see next section). After filtering, the
93 frames are passed to the encoder, which encodes them and outputs
94 encoded packets. Finally those are passed to the muxer, which writes
95 the encoded packets to the output file.
96 Filtering
98 Before encoding, ffmpeg can process raw audio and video frames using
99 filters from the libavfilter library. Several chained filters form a
100 filter graph. ffmpeg distinguishes between two types of filtergraphs:
101 simple and complex.
102 Simple filtergraphs
104 Simple filtergraphs are those that have exactly one input and output,
106 both of the same type. In the above diagram they can be represented by
107 simply inserting an additional step between decoding and encoding:
108 _________ ______________
110 | | | |
111 | decoded | | encoded data |
112 | frames |\ _ | packets |
113 |_________| \ /||______________|
114 \ __________ /
115 simple _\|| | / encoder
116 filtergraph | filtered |/
117 | frames |
118 |__________|
119 Simple filtergraphs are configured with the per-stream -filter option
121 (with -vf and -af aliases for video and audio respectively). A simple
122 filtergraph for video can look for example like this:
123 _______ _____________ _______ ________
125 | | | | | | | |
126 | input | ---> | deinterlace | ---> | scale | ---> | output |
127 |_______| |_____________| |_______| |________|
128 Note that some filters change frame properties but not frame contents.
130 E.g. the "fps" filter in the example above changes number of frames,
131 but does not touch the frame contents. Another example is the "setpts"
132 filter, which only sets timestamps and otherwise passes the frames
133 unchanged.
134 Complex filtergraphs
136 Complex filtergraphs are those which cannot be described as simply a
138 linear processing chain applied to one stream. This is the case, for
139 example, when the graph has more than one input and/or output, or when
140 output stream type is different from input. They can be represented
141 with the following diagram:
142 _________
144 | |
145 | input 0 |\ __________
146 |_________| \ | |
147 \ _________ /| output 0 |
148 \ | | / |__________|
149 _________ \| complex | /
150 | | | |/
151 | input 1 |---->| filter |\
152 |_________| | | \ __________
153 /| graph | \ | |
154 / | | \| output 1 |
155 _________ / |_________| |__________|
156 | | /
157 | input 2 |/
158 |_________|
159 Complex filtergraphs are configured with the -filter_complex option.
161 Note that this option is global, since a complex filtergraph, by its
162 nature, cannot be unambiguously associated with a single stream or
163 file.
164 The -lavfi option is equivalent to -filter_complex.
166 A trivial example of a complex filtergraph is the "overlay" filter,
168 which has two video inputs and one video output, containing one video
169 overlaid on top of the other. Its audio counterpart is the "amix"
170 filter.
171 Stream copy
173 Stream copy is a mode selected by supplying the "copy" parameter to the
174 -codec option. It makes ffmpeg omit the decoding and encoding step for
175 the specified stream, so it does only demuxing and muxing. It is useful
176 for changing the container format or modifying container-level
177 metadata. The diagram above will, in this case, simplify to this:
178 _______ ______________ ________
180 | | | | | |
181 | input | demuxer | encoded data | muxer | output |
182 | file | ---------> | packets | -------> | file |
183 |_______| |______________| |________|
184 Since there is no decoding or encoding, it is very fast and there is no
186 quality loss. However, it might not work in some cases because of many
187 factors. Applying filters is obviously also impossible, since filters
188 work on uncompressed data.
189
191 ffmpeg provides the "-map" option for manual control of stream
192 selection in each output file. Users can skip "-map" and let ffmpeg
193 perform automatic stream selection as described below. The "-vn / -an /
194 -sn / -dn" options can be used to skip inclusion of video, audio,
195 subtitle and data streams respectively, whether manually mapped or
196 automatically selected, except for those streams which are outputs of
197 complex filtergraphs.
198 Description
200 The sub-sections that follow describe the various rules that are
201 involved in stream selection. The examples that follow next show how
202 these rules are applied in practice.
203 While every effort is made to accurately reflect the behavior of the
205 program, FFmpeg is under continuous development and the code may have
206 changed since the time of this writing.
207 Automatic stream selection
209 In the absence of any map options for a particular output file, ffmpeg
211 inspects the output format to check which type of streams can be
212 included in it, viz. video, audio and/or subtitles. For each acceptable
213 stream type, ffmpeg will pick one stream, when available, from among
214 all the inputs.
215 It will select that stream based upon the following criteria:
217 • for video, it is the stream with the highest resolution,
219 • for audio, it is the stream with the most channels,
221 • for subtitles, it is the first subtitle stream found but there's a
223 caveat. The output format's default subtitle encoder can be either
224 text-based or image-based, and only a subtitle stream of the same
225 type will be chosen.
226 In the case where several streams of the same type rate equally, the
228 stream with the lowest index is chosen.
229 Data or attachment streams are not automatically selected and can only
231 be included using "-map".
232 Manual stream selection
234 When "-map" is used, only user-mapped streams are included in that
236 output file, with one possible exception for filtergraph outputs
237 described below.
238 Complex filtergraphs
240 If there are any complex filtergraph output streams with unlabeled
242 pads, they will be added to the first output file. This will lead to a
243 fatal error if the stream type is not supported by the output format.
244 In the absence of the map option, the inclusion of these streams leads
245 to the automatic stream selection of their types being skipped. If map
246 options are present, these filtergraph streams are included in addition
247 to the mapped streams.
248 Complex filtergraph output streams with labeled pads must be mapped
250 once and exactly once.
251 Stream handling
253 Stream handling is independent of stream selection, with an exception
255 for subtitles described below. Stream handling is set via the "-codec"
256 option addressed to streams within a specific output file. In
257 particular, codec options are applied by ffmpeg after the stream
258 selection process and thus do not influence the latter. If no "-codec"
259 option is specified for a stream type, ffmpeg will select the default
260 encoder registered by the output file muxer.
261 An exception exists for subtitles. If a subtitle encoder is specified
263 for an output file, the first subtitle stream found of any type, text
264 or image, will be included. ffmpeg does not validate if the specified
265 encoder can convert the selected stream or if the converted stream is
266 acceptable within the output format. This applies generally as well:
267 when the user sets an encoder manually, the stream selection process
268 cannot check if the encoded stream can be muxed into the output file.
269 If it cannot, ffmpeg will abort and all output files will fail to be
270 processed.
271 Examples
273 The following examples illustrate the behavior, quirks and limitations
274 of ffmpeg's stream selection methods.
275 They assume the following three input files.
277 input file 'A.avi'
279 stream 0: video 640x360
280 stream 1: audio 2 channels
281 input file 'B.mp4'
283 stream 0: video 1920x1080
284 stream 1: audio 2 channels
285 stream 2: subtitles (text)
286 stream 3: audio 5.1 channels
287 stream 4: subtitles (text)
288 input file 'C.mkv'
290 stream 0: video 1280x720
291 stream 1: audio 2 channels
292 stream 2: subtitles (image)
293 Example: automatic stream selection
295 ffmpeg -i A.avi -i B.mp4 out1.mkv out2.wav -map 1:a -c:a copy out3.mov
297 There are three output files specified, and for the first two, no
299 "-map" options are set, so ffmpeg will select streams for these two
300 files automatically.
301 out1.mkv is a Matroska container file and accepts video, audio and
303 subtitle streams, so ffmpeg will try to select one of each type.For
304 video, it will select "stream 0" from B.mp4, which has the highest
305 resolution among all the input video streams.For audio, it will select
306 "stream 3" from B.mp4, since it has the greatest number of channels.For
307 subtitles, it will select "stream 2" from B.mp4, which is the first
308 subtitle stream from among A.avi and B.mp4.
309 out2.wav accepts only audio streams, so only "stream 3" from B.mp4 is
311 selected.
312 For out3.mov, since a "-map" option is set, no automatic stream
314 selection will occur. The "-map 1:a" option will select all audio
315 streams from the second input B.mp4. No other streams will be included
316 in this output file.
317 For the first two outputs, all included streams will be transcoded. The
319 encoders chosen will be the default ones registered by each output
320 format, which may not match the codec of the selected input streams.
321 For the third output, codec option for audio streams has been set to
323 "copy", so no decoding-filtering-encoding operations will occur, or can
324 occur. Packets of selected streams shall be conveyed from the input
325 file and muxed within the output file.
326 Example: automatic subtitles selection
328 ffmpeg -i C.mkv out1.mkv -c:s dvdsub -an out2.mkv
330 Although out1.mkv is a Matroska container file which accepts subtitle
332 streams, only a video and audio stream shall be selected. The subtitle
333 stream of C.mkv is image-based and the default subtitle encoder of the
334 Matroska muxer is text-based, so a transcode operation for the
335 subtitles is expected to fail and hence the stream isn't selected.
336 However, in out2.mkv, a subtitle encoder is specified in the command
337 and so, the subtitle stream is selected, in addition to the video
338 stream. The presence of "-an" disables audio stream selection for
339 out2.mkv.
340 Example: unlabeled filtergraph outputs
342 ffmpeg -i A.avi -i C.mkv -i B.mp4 -filter_complex "overlay" out1.mp4 out2.srt
344 A filtergraph is setup here using the "-filter_complex" option and
346 consists of a single video filter. The "overlay" filter requires
347 exactly two video inputs, but none are specified, so the first two
348 available video streams are used, those of A.avi and C.mkv. The output
349 pad of the filter has no label and so is sent to the first output file
350 out1.mp4. Due to this, automatic selection of the video stream is
351 skipped, which would have selected the stream in B.mp4. The audio
352 stream with most channels viz. "stream 3" in B.mp4, is chosen
353 automatically. No subtitle stream is chosen however, since the MP4
354 format has no default subtitle encoder registered, and the user hasn't
355 specified a subtitle encoder.
356 The 2nd output file, out2.srt, only accepts text-based subtitle
358 streams. So, even though the first subtitle stream available belongs to
359 C.mkv, it is image-based and hence skipped. The selected stream,
360 "stream 2" in B.mp4, is the first text-based subtitle stream.
361 Example: labeled filtergraph outputs
363 ffmpeg -i A.avi -i B.mp4 -i C.mkv -filter_complex "[1:v]hue=s=0[outv];overlay;aresample" \
365 -map '[outv]' -an out1.mp4 \
366 out2.mkv \
367 -map '[outv]' -map 1:a:0 out3.mkv
368 The above command will fail, as the output pad labelled "[outv]" has
370 been mapped twice. None of the output files shall be processed.
371 ffmpeg -i A.avi -i B.mp4 -i C.mkv -filter_complex "[1:v]hue=s=0[outv];overlay;aresample" \
373 -an out1.mp4 \
374 out2.mkv \
375 -map 1:a:0 out3.mkv
376 This command above will also fail as the hue filter output has a label,
378 "[outv]", and hasn't been mapped anywhere.
379 The command should be modified as follows,
381 ffmpeg -i A.avi -i B.mp4 -i C.mkv -filter_complex "[1:v]hue=s=0,split=2[outv1][outv2];overlay;aresample" \
383 -map '[outv1]' -an out1.mp4 \
384 out2.mkv \
385 -map '[outv2]' -map 1:a:0 out3.mkv
386 The video stream from B.mp4 is sent to the hue filter, whose output is
388 cloned once using the split filter, and both outputs labelled. Then a
389 copy each is mapped to the first and third output files.
390 The overlay filter, requiring two video inputs, uses the first two
392 unused video streams. Those are the streams from A.avi and C.mkv. The
393 overlay output isn't labelled, so it is sent to the first output file
394 out1.mp4, regardless of the presence of the "-map" option.
395 The aresample filter is sent the first unused audio stream, that of
397 A.avi. Since this filter output is also unlabelled, it too is mapped to
398 the first output file. The presence of "-an" only suppresses automatic
399 or manual stream selection of audio streams, not outputs sent from
400 filtergraphs. Both these mapped streams shall be ordered before the
401 mapped stream in out1.mp4.
402 The video, audio and subtitle streams mapped to "out2.mkv" are entirely
404 determined by automatic stream selection.
405 out3.mkv consists of the cloned video output from the hue filter and
407 the first audio stream from B.mp4.
408
410 All the numerical options, if not specified otherwise, accept a string
411 representing a number as input, which may be followed by one of the SI
412 unit prefixes, for example: 'K', 'M', or 'G'.
413 If 'i' is appended to the SI unit prefix, the complete prefix will be
415 interpreted as a unit prefix for binary multiples, which are based on
416 powers of 1024 instead of powers of 1000. Appending 'B' to the SI unit
417 prefix multiplies the value by 8. This allows using, for example: 'KB',
418 'MiB', 'G' and 'B' as number suffixes.
419 Options which do not take arguments are boolean options, and set the
421 corresponding value to true. They can be set to false by prefixing the
422 option name with "no". For example using "-nofoo" will set the boolean
423 option with name "foo" to false.
424 Stream specifiers
426 Some options are applied per-stream, e.g. bitrate or codec. Stream
427 specifiers are used to precisely specify which stream(s) a given option
428 belongs to.
429 A stream specifier is a string generally appended to the option name
431 and separated from it by a colon. E.g. "-codec:a:1 ac3" contains the
432 "a:1" stream specifier, which matches the second audio stream.
433 Therefore, it would select the ac3 codec for the second audio stream.
434 A stream specifier can match several streams, so that the option is
436 applied to all of them. E.g. the stream specifier in "-b:a 128k"
437 matches all audio streams.
438 An empty stream specifier matches all streams. For example, "-codec
440 copy" or "-codec: copy" would copy all the streams without reencoding.
441 Possible forms of stream specifiers are:
443 stream_index
445 Matches the stream with this index. E.g. "-threads:1 4" would set
446 the thread count for the second stream to 4. If stream_index is
447 used as an additional stream specifier (see below), then it selects
448 stream number stream_index from the matching streams. Stream
449 numbering is based on the order of the streams as detected by
450 libavformat except when a program ID is also specified. In this
451 case it is based on the ordering of the streams in the program.
452 stream_type[:additional_stream_specifier]
454 stream_type is one of following: 'v' or 'V' for video, 'a' for
455 audio, 's' for subtitle, 'd' for data, and 't' for attachments. 'v'
456 matches all video streams, 'V' only matches video streams which are
457 not attached pictures, video thumbnails or cover arts. If
458 additional_stream_specifier is used, then it matches streams which
459 both have this type and match the additional_stream_specifier.
460 Otherwise, it matches all streams of the specified type.
461 p:program_id[:additional_stream_specifier]
463 Matches streams which are in the program with the id program_id. If
464 additional_stream_specifier is used, then it matches streams which
465 both are part of the program and match the
466 additional_stream_specifier.
467 #stream_id or i:stream_id
469 Match the stream by stream id (e.g. PID in MPEG-TS container).
470 m:key[:value]
472 Matches streams with the metadata tag key having the specified
473 value. If value is not given, matches streams that contain the
474 given tag with any value.
475 u Matches streams with usable configuration, the codec must be
477 defined and the essential information such as video dimension or
478 audio sample rate must be present.
479 Note that in ffmpeg, matching by metadata will only work properly
481 for input files.
482 Generic options
484 These options are shared amongst the ff* tools.
485 -L Show license.
487 -h, -?, -help, --help [arg]
489 Show help. An optional parameter may be specified to print help
490 about a specific item. If no argument is specified, only basic (non
491 advanced) tool options are shown.
492 Possible values of arg are:
494 long
496 Print advanced tool options in addition to the basic tool
497 options.
498 full
500 Print complete list of options, including shared and private
501 options for encoders, decoders, demuxers, muxers, filters, etc.
502 decoder=decoder_name
504 Print detailed information about the decoder named
505 decoder_name. Use the -decoders option to get a list of all
506 decoders.
507 encoder=encoder_name
509 Print detailed information about the encoder named
510 encoder_name. Use the -encoders option to get a list of all
511 encoders.
512 demuxer=demuxer_name
514 Print detailed information about the demuxer named
515 demuxer_name. Use the -formats option to get a list of all
516 demuxers and muxers.
517 muxer=muxer_name
519 Print detailed information about the muxer named muxer_name.
520 Use the -formats option to get a list of all muxers and
521 demuxers.
522 filter=filter_name
524 Print detailed information about the filter named filter_name.
525 Use the -filters option to get a list of all filters.
526 bsf=bitstream_filter_name
528 Print detailed information about the bitstream filter named
529 bitstream_filter_name. Use the -bsfs option to get a list of
530 all bitstream filters.
531 protocol=protocol_name
533 Print detailed information about the protocol named
534 protocol_name. Use the -protocols option to get a list of all
535 protocols.
536 -version
538 Show version.
539 -buildconf
541 Show the build configuration, one option per line.
542 -formats
544 Show available formats (including devices).
545 -demuxers
547 Show available demuxers.
548 -muxers
550 Show available muxers.
551 -devices
553 Show available devices.
554 -codecs
556 Show all codecs known to libavcodec.
557 Note that the term 'codec' is used throughout this documentation as
559 a shortcut for what is more correctly called a media bitstream
560 format.
561 -decoders
563 Show available decoders.
564 -encoders
566 Show all available encoders.
567 -bsfs
569 Show available bitstream filters.
570 -protocols
572 Show available protocols.
573 -filters
575 Show available libavfilter filters.
576 -pix_fmts
578 Show available pixel formats.
579 -sample_fmts
581 Show available sample formats.
582 -layouts
584 Show channel names and standard channel layouts.
585 -dispositions
587 Show stream dispositions.
588 -colors
590 Show recognized color names.
591 -sources device[,opt1=val1[,opt2=val2]...]
593 Show autodetected sources of the input device. Some devices may
594 provide system-dependent source names that cannot be autodetected.
595 The returned list cannot be assumed to be always complete.
596 ffmpeg -sources pulse,server=192.168.0.4
598 -sinks device[,opt1=val1[,opt2=val2]...]
600 Show autodetected sinks of the output device. Some devices may
601 provide system-dependent sink names that cannot be autodetected.
602 The returned list cannot be assumed to be always complete.
603 ffmpeg -sinks pulse,server=192.168.0.4
605 -loglevel [flags+]loglevel | -v [flags+]loglevel
607 Set logging level and flags used by the library.
608 The optional flags prefix can consist of the following values:
610 repeat
612 Indicates that repeated log output should not be compressed to
613 the first line and the "Last message repeated n times" line
614 will be omitted.
615 level
617 Indicates that log output should add a "[level]" prefix to each
618 message line. This can be used as an alternative to log
619 coloring, e.g. when dumping the log to file.
620 Flags can also be used alone by adding a '+'/'-' prefix to
622 set/reset a single flag without affecting other flags or changing
623 loglevel. When setting both flags and loglevel, a '+' separator is
624 expected between the last flags value and before loglevel.
625 loglevel is a string or a number containing one of the following
627 values:
628 quiet, -8
630 Show nothing at all; be silent.
631 panic, 0
633 Only show fatal errors which could lead the process to crash,
634 such as an assertion failure. This is not currently used for
635 anything.
636 fatal, 8
638 Only show fatal errors. These are errors after which the
639 process absolutely cannot continue.
640 error, 16
642 Show all errors, including ones which can be recovered from.
643 warning, 24
645 Show all warnings and errors. Any message related to possibly
646 incorrect or unexpected events will be shown.
647 info, 32
649 Show informative messages during processing. This is in
650 addition to warnings and errors. This is the default value.
651 verbose, 40
653 Same as "info", except more verbose.
654 debug, 48
656 Show everything, including debugging information.
657 trace, 56
659 For example to enable repeated log output, add the "level" prefix,
661 and set loglevel to "verbose":
662 ffmpeg -loglevel repeat+level+verbose -i input output
664 Another example that enables repeated log output without affecting
666 current state of "level" prefix flag or loglevel:
667 ffmpeg [...] -loglevel +repeat
669 By default the program logs to stderr. If coloring is supported by
671 the terminal, colors are used to mark errors and warnings. Log
672 coloring can be disabled setting the environment variable
673 AV_LOG_FORCE_NOCOLOR, or can be forced setting the environment
674 variable AV_LOG_FORCE_COLOR.
675 -report
677 Dump full command line and log output to a file named
678 "program-YYYYMMDD-HHMMSS.log" in the current directory. This file
679 can be useful for bug reports. It also implies "-loglevel debug".
680 Setting the environment variable FFREPORT to any value has the same
682 effect. If the value is a ':'-separated key=value sequence, these
683 options will affect the report; option values must be escaped if
684 they contain special characters or the options delimiter ':' (see
685 the ``Quoting and escaping'' section in the ffmpeg-utils manual).
686 The following options are recognized:
688 file
690 set the file name to use for the report; %p is expanded to the
691 name of the program, %t is expanded to a timestamp, "%%" is
692 expanded to a plain "%"
693 level
695 set the log verbosity level using a numerical value (see
696 "-loglevel").
697 For example, to output a report to a file named ffreport.log using
699 a log level of 32 (alias for log level "info"):
700 FFREPORT=file=ffreport.log:level=32 ffmpeg -i input output
702 Errors in parsing the environment variable are not fatal, and will
704 not appear in the report.
705 -hide_banner
707 Suppress printing banner.
708 All FFmpeg tools will normally show a copyright notice, build
710 options and library versions. This option can be used to suppress
711 printing this information.
712 -cpuflags flags (global)
714 Allows setting and clearing cpu flags. This option is intended for
715 testing. Do not use it unless you know what you're doing.
716 ffmpeg -cpuflags -sse+mmx ...
718 ffmpeg -cpuflags mmx ...
719 ffmpeg -cpuflags 0 ...
720 Possible flags for this option are:
722 x86
724 mmx
725 mmxext
726 sse
727 sse2
728 sse2slow
729 sse3
730 sse3slow
731 ssse3
732 atom
733 sse4.1
734 sse4.2
735 avx
736 avx2
737 xop
738 fma3
739 fma4
740 3dnow
741 3dnowext
742 bmi1
743 bmi2
744 cmov
745 ARM
746 armv5te
747 armv6
748 armv6t2
749 vfp
750 vfpv3
751 neon
752 setend
753 AArch64
754 armv8
755 vfp
756 neon
757 PowerPC
758 altivec
759 Specific Processors
760 pentium2
761 pentium3
762 pentium4
763 k6
764 k62
765 athlon
766 athlonxp
767 k8
768 -cpucount count (global)
769 Override detection of CPU count. This option is intended for
770 testing. Do not use it unless you know what you're doing.
771 ffmpeg -cpucount 2
773 -max_alloc bytes
775 Set the maximum size limit for allocating a block on the heap by
776 ffmpeg's family of malloc functions. Exercise extreme caution when
777 using this option. Don't use if you do not understand the full
778 consequence of doing so. Default is INT_MAX.
779 AVOptions
781 These options are provided directly by the libavformat, libavdevice and
782 libavcodec libraries. To see the list of available AVOptions, use the
783 -help option. They are separated into two categories:
784 generic
786 These options can be set for any container, codec or device.
787 Generic options are listed under AVFormatContext options for
788 containers/devices and under AVCodecContext options for codecs.
789 private
791 These options are specific to the given container, device or codec.
792 Private options are listed under their corresponding
793 containers/devices/codecs.
794 For example to write an ID3v2.3 header instead of a default ID3v2.4 to
796 an MP3 file, use the id3v2_version private option of the MP3 muxer:
797 ffmpeg -i input.flac -id3v2_version 3 out.mp3
799 All codec AVOptions are per-stream, and thus a stream specifier should
801 be attached to them:
802 ffmpeg -i multichannel.mxf -map 0:v:0 -map 0:a:0 -map 0:a:0 -c:a:0 ac3 -b:a:0 640k -ac:a:1 2 -c:a:1 aac -b:2 128k out.mp4
804 In the above example, a multichannel audio stream is mapped twice for
806 output. The first instance is encoded with codec ac3 and bitrate 640k.
807 The second instance is downmixed to 2 channels and encoded with codec
808 aac. A bitrate of 128k is specified for it using absolute index of the
809 output stream.
810 Note: the -nooption syntax cannot be used for boolean AVOptions, use
812 -option 0/-option 1.
813 Note: the old undocumented way of specifying per-stream AVOptions by
815 prepending v/a/s to the options name is now obsolete and will be
816 removed soon.
817 Main options
819 -f fmt (input/output)
820 Force input or output file format. The format is normally auto
821 detected for input files and guessed from the file extension for
822 output files, so this option is not needed in most cases.
823 -i url (input)
825 input file url
826 -y (global)
828 Overwrite output files without asking.
829 -n (global)
831 Do not overwrite output files, and exit immediately if a specified
832 output file already exists.
833 -stream_loop number (input)
835 Set number of times input stream shall be looped. Loop 0 means no
836 loop, loop -1 means infinite loop.
837 -recast_media (global)
839 Allow forcing a decoder of a different media type than the one
840 detected or designated by the demuxer. Useful for decoding media
841 data muxed as data streams.
842 -c[:stream_specifier] codec (input/output,per-stream)
844 -codec[:stream_specifier] codec (input/output,per-stream)
845 Select an encoder (when used before an output file) or a decoder
846 (when used before an input file) for one or more streams. codec is
847 the name of a decoder/encoder or a special value "copy" (output
848 only) to indicate that the stream is not to be re-encoded.
849 For example
851 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 -c:v libx264 -c:a copy OUTPUT
853 encodes all video streams with libx264 and copies all audio
855 streams.
856 For each stream, the last matching "c" option is applied, so
858 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 -c copy -c:v:1 libx264 -c:a:137 libvorbis OUTPUT
860 will copy all the streams except the second video, which will be
862 encoded with libx264, and the 138th audio, which will be encoded
863 with libvorbis.
864 -t duration (input/output)
866 When used as an input option (before "-i"), limit the duration of
867 data read from the input file.
868 When used as an output option (before an output url), stop writing
870 the output after its duration reaches duration.
871 duration must be a time duration specification, see the Time
873 duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual.
874 -to and -t are mutually exclusive and -t has priority.
876 -to position (input/output)
878 Stop writing the output or reading the input at position. position
879 must be a time duration specification, see the Time duration
880 section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual.
881 -to and -t are mutually exclusive and -t has priority.
883 -fs limit_size (output)
885 Set the file size limit, expressed in bytes. No further chunk of
886 bytes is written after the limit is exceeded. The size of the
887 output file is slightly more than the requested file size.
888 -ss position (input/output)
890 When used as an input option (before "-i"), seeks in this input
891 file to position. Note that in most formats it is not possible to
892 seek exactly, so ffmpeg will seek to the closest seek point before
893 position. When transcoding and -accurate_seek is enabled (the
894 default), this extra segment between the seek point and position
895 will be decoded and discarded. When doing stream copy or when
896 -noaccurate_seek is used, it will be preserved.
897 When used as an output option (before an output url), decodes but
899 discards input until the timestamps reach position.
900 position must be a time duration specification, see the Time
902 duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual.
903 -sseof position (input)
905 Like the "-ss" option but relative to the "end of file". That is
906 negative values are earlier in the file, 0 is at EOF.
907 -isync input_index (input)
909 Assign an input as a sync source.
910 This will take the difference between the start times of the target
912 and reference inputs and offset the timestamps of the target file
913 by that difference. The source timestamps of the two inputs should
914 derive from the same clock source for expected results. If "copyts"
915 is set then "start_at_zero" must also be set. If either of the
916 inputs has no starting timestamp then no sync adjustment is made.
917 Acceptable values are those that refer to a valid ffmpeg input
919 index. If the sync reference is the target index itself or -1, then
920 no adjustment is made to target timestamps. A sync reference may
921 not itself be synced to any other input.
922 Default value is -1.
924 -itsoffset offset (input)
926 Set the input time offset.
927 offset must be a time duration specification, see the Time duration
929 section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual.
930 The offset is added to the timestamps of the input files.
932 Specifying a positive offset means that the corresponding streams
933 are delayed by the time duration specified in offset.
934 -itsscale scale (input,per-stream)
936 Rescale input timestamps. scale should be a floating point number.
937 -timestamp date (output)
939 Set the recording timestamp in the container.
940 date must be a date specification, see the Date section in the
942 ffmpeg-utils(1) manual.
943 -metadata[:metadata_specifier] key=value (output,per-metadata)
945 Set a metadata key/value pair.
946 An optional metadata_specifier may be given to set metadata on
948 streams, chapters or programs. See "-map_metadata" documentation
949 for details.
950 This option overrides metadata set with "-map_metadata". It is also
952 possible to delete metadata by using an empty value.
953 For example, for setting the title in the output file:
955 ffmpeg -i in.avi -metadata title="my title" out.flv
957 To set the language of the first audio stream:
959 ffmpeg -i INPUT -metadata:s:a:0 language=eng OUTPUT
961 -disposition[:stream_specifier] value (output,per-stream)
963 Sets the disposition for a stream.
964 By default, the disposition is copied from the input stream, unless
966 the output stream this option applies to is fed by a complex
967 filtergraph - in that case the disposition is unset by default.
968 value is a sequence of items separated by '+' or '-'. The first
970 item may also be prefixed with '+' or '-', in which case this
971 option modifies the default value. Otherwise (the first item is not
972 prefixed) this options overrides the default value. A '+' prefix
973 adds the given disposition, '-' removes it. It is also possible to
974 clear the disposition by setting it to 0.
975 If no "-disposition" options were specified for an output file,
977 ffmpeg will automatically set the 'default' disposition on the
978 first stream of each type, when there are multiple streams of this
979 type in the output file and no stream of that type is already
980 marked as default.
981 The "-dispositions" option lists the known dispositions.
983 For example, to make the second audio stream the default stream:
985 ffmpeg -i in.mkv -c copy -disposition:a:1 default out.mkv
987 To make the second subtitle stream the default stream and remove
989 the default disposition from the first subtitle stream:
990 ffmpeg -i in.mkv -c copy -disposition:s:0 0 -disposition:s:1 default out.mkv
992 To add an embedded cover/thumbnail:
994 ffmpeg -i in.mp4 -i IMAGE -map 0 -map 1 -c copy -c:v:1 png -disposition:v:1 attached_pic out.mp4
996 Not all muxers support embedded thumbnails, and those who do, only
998 support a few formats, like JPEG or PNG.
999 -program
1001 [title=title:][program_num=program_num:]st=stream[:st=stream...]
1002 (output)
1003 Creates a program with the specified title, program_num and adds
1004 the specified stream(s) to it.
1005 -target type (output)
1007 Specify target file type ("vcd", "svcd", "dvd", "dv", "dv50"). type
1008 may be prefixed with "pal-", "ntsc-" or "film-" to use the
1009 corresponding standard. All the format options (bitrate, codecs,
1010 buffer sizes) are then set automatically. You can just type:
1011 ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -target vcd /tmp/vcd.mpg
1013 Nevertheless you can specify additional options as long as you know
1015 they do not conflict with the standard, as in:
1016 ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -target vcd -bf 2 /tmp/vcd.mpg
1018 The parameters set for each target are as follows.
1020 VCD
1022 <pal>:
1024 -f vcd -muxrate 1411200 -muxpreload 0.44 -packetsize 2324
1025 -s 352x288 -r 25
1026 -codec:v mpeg1video -g 15 -b:v 1150k -maxrate:v 1150k -minrate:v 1150k -bufsize:v 327680
1027 -ar 44100 -ac 2
1028 -codec:a mp2 -b:a 224k
1029 <ntsc>:
1031 -f vcd -muxrate 1411200 -muxpreload 0.44 -packetsize 2324
1032 -s 352x240 -r 30000/1001
1033 -codec:v mpeg1video -g 18 -b:v 1150k -maxrate:v 1150k -minrate:v 1150k -bufsize:v 327680
1034 -ar 44100 -ac 2
1035 -codec:a mp2 -b:a 224k
1036 <film>:
1038 -f vcd -muxrate 1411200 -muxpreload 0.44 -packetsize 2324
1039 -s 352x240 -r 24000/1001
1040 -codec:v mpeg1video -g 18 -b:v 1150k -maxrate:v 1150k -minrate:v 1150k -bufsize:v 327680
1041 -ar 44100 -ac 2
1042 -codec:a mp2 -b:a 224k
1043 SVCD
1045 <pal>:
1047 -f svcd -packetsize 2324
1048 -s 480x576 -pix_fmt yuv420p -r 25
1049 -codec:v mpeg2video -g 15 -b:v 2040k -maxrate:v 2516k -minrate:v 0 -bufsize:v 1835008 -scan_offset 1
1050 -ar 44100
1051 -codec:a mp2 -b:a 224k
1052 <ntsc>:
1054 -f svcd -packetsize 2324
1055 -s 480x480 -pix_fmt yuv420p -r 30000/1001
1056 -codec:v mpeg2video -g 18 -b:v 2040k -maxrate:v 2516k -minrate:v 0 -bufsize:v 1835008 -scan_offset 1
1057 -ar 44100
1058 -codec:a mp2 -b:a 224k
1059 <film>:
1061 -f svcd -packetsize 2324
1062 -s 480x480 -pix_fmt yuv420p -r 24000/1001
1063 -codec:v mpeg2video -g 18 -b:v 2040k -maxrate:v 2516k -minrate:v 0 -bufsize:v 1835008 -scan_offset 1
1064 -ar 44100
1065 -codec:a mp2 -b:a 224k
1066 DVD
1068 <pal>:
1070 -f dvd -muxrate 10080k -packetsize 2048
1071 -s 720x576 -pix_fmt yuv420p -r 25
1072 -codec:v mpeg2video -g 15 -b:v 6000k -maxrate:v 9000k -minrate:v 0 -bufsize:v 1835008
1073 -ar 48000
1074 -codec:a ac3 -b:a 448k
1075 <ntsc>:
1077 -f dvd -muxrate 10080k -packetsize 2048
1078 -s 720x480 -pix_fmt yuv420p -r 30000/1001
1079 -codec:v mpeg2video -g 18 -b:v 6000k -maxrate:v 9000k -minrate:v 0 -bufsize:v 1835008
1080 -ar 48000
1081 -codec:a ac3 -b:a 448k
1082 <film>:
1084 -f dvd -muxrate 10080k -packetsize 2048
1085 -s 720x480 -pix_fmt yuv420p -r 24000/1001
1086 -codec:v mpeg2video -g 18 -b:v 6000k -maxrate:v 9000k -minrate:v 0 -bufsize:v 1835008
1087 -ar 48000
1088 -codec:a ac3 -b:a 448k
1089 DV
1091 <pal>:
1093 -f dv
1094 -s 720x576 -pix_fmt yuv420p -r 25
1095 -ar 48000 -ac 2
1096 <ntsc>:
1098 -f dv
1099 -s 720x480 -pix_fmt yuv411p -r 30000/1001
1100 -ar 48000 -ac 2
1101 <film>:
1103 -f dv
1104 -s 720x480 -pix_fmt yuv411p -r 24000/1001
1105 -ar 48000 -ac 2
1106 The "dv50" target is identical to the "dv" target except that the
1108 pixel format set is "yuv422p" for all three standards.
1109 Any user-set value for a parameter above will override the target
1111 preset value. In that case, the output may not comply with the
1112 target standard.
1113 -dn (input/output)
1115 As an input option, blocks all data streams of a file from being
1116 filtered or being automatically selected or mapped for any output.
1117 See "-discard" option to disable streams individually.
1118 As an output option, disables data recording i.e. automatic
1120 selection or mapping of any data stream. For full manual control
1121 see the "-map" option.
1122 -dframes number (output)
1124 Set the number of data frames to output. This is an obsolete alias
1125 for "-frames:d", which you should use instead.
1126 -frames[:stream_specifier] framecount (output,per-stream)
1128 Stop writing to the stream after framecount frames.
1129 -q[:stream_specifier] q (output,per-stream)
1131 -qscale[:stream_specifier] q (output,per-stream)
1132 Use fixed quality scale (VBR). The meaning of q/qscale is codec-
1133 dependent. If qscale is used without a stream_specifier then it
1134 applies only to the video stream, this is to maintain compatibility
1135 with previous behavior and as specifying the same codec specific
1136 value to 2 different codecs that is audio and video generally is
1137 not what is intended when no stream_specifier is used.
1138 -filter[:stream_specifier] filtergraph (output,per-stream)
1140 Create the filtergraph specified by filtergraph and use it to
1141 filter the stream.
1142 filtergraph is a description of the filtergraph to apply to the
1144 stream, and must have a single input and a single output of the
1145 same type of the stream. In the filtergraph, the input is
1146 associated to the label "in", and the output to the label "out".
1147 See the ffmpeg-filters manual for more information about the
1148 filtergraph syntax.
1149 See the -filter_complex option if you want to create filtergraphs
1151 with multiple inputs and/or outputs.
1152 -filter_script[:stream_specifier] filename (output,per-stream)
1154 This option is similar to -filter, the only difference is that its
1155 argument is the name of the file from which a filtergraph
1156 description is to be read.
1157 -reinit_filter[:stream_specifier] integer (input,per-stream)
1159 This boolean option determines if the filtergraph(s) to which this
1160 stream is fed gets reinitialized when input frame parameters change
1161 mid-stream. This option is enabled by default as most video and all
1162 audio filters cannot handle deviation in input frame properties.
1163 Upon reinitialization, existing filter state is lost, like e.g. the
1164 frame count "n" reference available in some filters. Any frames
1165 buffered at time of reinitialization are lost. The properties
1166 where a change triggers reinitialization are, for video, frame
1167 resolution or pixel format; for audio, sample format, sample rate,
1168 channel count or channel layout.
1169 -filter_threads nb_threads (global)
1171 Defines how many threads are used to process a filter pipeline.
1172 Each pipeline will produce a thread pool with this many threads
1173 available for parallel processing. The default is the number of
1174 available CPUs.
1175 -pre[:stream_specifier] preset_name (output,per-stream)
1177 Specify the preset for matching stream(s).
1178 -stats (global)
1180 Print encoding progress/statistics. It is on by default, to
1181 explicitly disable it you need to specify "-nostats".
1182 -stats_period time (global)
1184 Set period at which encoding progress/statistics are updated.
1185 Default is 0.5 seconds.
1186 -progress url (global)
1188 Send program-friendly progress information to url.
1189 Progress information is written periodically and at the end of the
1191 encoding process. It is made of "key=value" lines. key consists of
1192 only alphanumeric characters. The last key of a sequence of
1193 progress information is always "progress".
1194 The update period is set using "-stats_period".
1196 -stdin
1198 Enable interaction on standard input. On by default unless standard
1199 input is used as an input. To explicitly disable interaction you
1200 need to specify "-nostdin".
1201 Disabling interaction on standard input is useful, for example, if
1203 ffmpeg is in the background process group. Roughly the same result
1204 can be achieved with "ffmpeg ... < /dev/null" but it requires a
1205 shell.
1206 -debug_ts (global)
1208 Print timestamp information. It is off by default. This option is
1209 mostly useful for testing and debugging purposes, and the output
1210 format may change from one version to another, so it should not be
1211 employed by portable scripts.
1212 See also the option "-fdebug ts".
1214 -attach filename (output)
1216 Add an attachment to the output file. This is supported by a few
1217 formats like Matroska for e.g. fonts used in rendering subtitles.
1218 Attachments are implemented as a specific type of stream, so this
1219 option will add a new stream to the file. It is then possible to
1220 use per-stream options on this stream in the usual way. Attachment
1221 streams created with this option will be created after all the
1222 other streams (i.e. those created with "-map" or automatic
1223 mappings).
1224 Note that for Matroska you also have to set the mimetype metadata
1226 tag:
1227 ffmpeg -i INPUT -attach DejaVuSans.ttf -metadata:s:2 mimetype=application/x-truetype-font out.mkv
1229 (assuming that the attachment stream will be third in the output
1231 file).
1232 -dump_attachment[:stream_specifier] filename (input,per-stream)
1234 Extract the matching attachment stream into a file named filename.
1235 If filename is empty, then the value of the "filename" metadata tag
1236 will be used.
1237 E.g. to extract the first attachment to a file named 'out.ttf':
1239 ffmpeg -dump_attachment:t:0 out.ttf -i INPUT
1241 To extract all attachments to files determined by the "filename"
1243 tag:
1244 ffmpeg -dump_attachment:t "" -i INPUT
1246 Technical note -- attachments are implemented as codec extradata,
1248 so this option can actually be used to extract extradata from any
1249 stream, not just attachments.
1250 Video Options
1252 -vframes number (output)
1253 Set the number of video frames to output. This is an obsolete alias
1254 for "-frames:v", which you should use instead.
1255 -r[:stream_specifier] fps (input/output,per-stream)
1257 Set frame rate (Hz value, fraction or abbreviation).
1258 As an input option, ignore any timestamps stored in the file and
1260 instead generate timestamps assuming constant frame rate fps. This
1261 is not the same as the -framerate option used for some input
1262 formats like image2 or v4l2 (it used to be the same in older
1263 versions of FFmpeg). If in doubt use -framerate instead of the
1264 input option -r.
1265 As an output option:
1267 video encoding
1269 Duplicate or drop frames right before encoding them to achieve
1270 constant output frame rate fps.
1271 video streamcopy
1273 Indicate to the muxer that fps is the stream frame rate. No
1274 data is dropped or duplicated in this case. This may produce
1275 invalid files if fps does not match the actual stream frame
1276 rate as determined by packet timestamps. See also the "setts"
1277 bitstream filter.
1278 -fpsmax[:stream_specifier] fps (output,per-stream)
1280 Set maximum frame rate (Hz value, fraction or abbreviation).
1281 Clamps output frame rate when output framerate is auto-set and is
1283 higher than this value. Useful in batch processing or when input
1284 framerate is wrongly detected as very high. It cannot be set
1285 together with "-r". It is ignored during streamcopy.
1286 -s[:stream_specifier] size (input/output,per-stream)
1288 Set frame size.
1289 As an input option, this is a shortcut for the video_size private
1291 option, recognized by some demuxers for which the frame size is
1292 either not stored in the file or is configurable -- e.g. raw video
1293 or video grabbers.
1294 As an output option, this inserts the "scale" video filter to the
1296 end of the corresponding filtergraph. Please use the "scale" filter
1297 directly to insert it at the beginning or some other place.
1298 The format is wxh (default - same as source).
1300 -aspect[:stream_specifier] aspect (output,per-stream)
1302 Set the video display aspect ratio specified by aspect.
1303 aspect can be a floating point number string, or a string of the
1305 form num:den, where num and den are the numerator and denominator
1306 of the aspect ratio. For example "4:3", "16:9", "1.3333", and
1307 "1.7777" are valid argument values.
1308 If used together with -vcodec copy, it will affect the aspect ratio
1310 stored at container level, but not the aspect ratio stored in
1311 encoded frames, if it exists.
1312 -display_rotation[:stream_specifier] rotation (input,per-stream)
1314 Set video rotation metadata.
1315 rotation is a decimal number specifying the amount in degree by
1317 which the video should be rotated counter-clockwise before being
1318 displayed.
1319 This option overrides the rotation/display transform metadata
1321 stored in the file, if any. When the video is being transcoded
1322 (rather than copied) and "-autorotate" is enabled, the video will
1323 be rotated at the filtering stage. Otherwise, the metadata will be
1324 written into the output file if the muxer supports it.
1325 If the "-display_hflip" and/or "-display_vflip" options are given,
1327 they are applied after the rotation specified by this option.
1328 -display_hflip[:stream_specifier] (input,per-stream)
1330 Set whether on display the image should be horizontally flipped.
1331 See the "-display_rotation" option for more details.
1333 -display_vflip[:stream_specifier] (input,per-stream)
1335 Set whether on display the image should be vertically flipped.
1336 See the "-display_rotation" option for more details.
1338 -vn (input/output)
1340 As an input option, blocks all video streams of a file from being
1341 filtered or being automatically selected or mapped for any output.
1342 See "-discard" option to disable streams individually.
1343 As an output option, disables video recording i.e. automatic
1345 selection or mapping of any video stream. For full manual control
1346 see the "-map" option.
1347 -vcodec codec (output)
1349 Set the video codec. This is an alias for "-codec:v".
1350 -pass[:stream_specifier] n (output,per-stream)
1352 Select the pass number (1 or 2). It is used to do two-pass video
1353 encoding. The statistics of the video are recorded in the first
1354 pass into a log file (see also the option -passlogfile), and in the
1355 second pass that log file is used to generate the video at the
1356 exact requested bitrate. On pass 1, you may just deactivate audio
1357 and set output to null, examples for Windows and Unix:
1358 ffmpeg -i foo.mov -c:v libxvid -pass 1 -an -f rawvideo -y NUL
1360 ffmpeg -i foo.mov -c:v libxvid -pass 1 -an -f rawvideo -y /dev/null
1361 -passlogfile[:stream_specifier] prefix (output,per-stream)
1363 Set two-pass log file name prefix to prefix, the default file name
1364 prefix is ``ffmpeg2pass''. The complete file name will be
1365 PREFIX-N.log, where N is a number specific to the output stream
1366 -vf filtergraph (output)
1368 Create the filtergraph specified by filtergraph and use it to
1369 filter the stream.
1370 This is an alias for "-filter:v", see the -filter option.
1372 -autorotate
1374 Automatically rotate the video according to file metadata. Enabled
1375 by default, use -noautorotate to disable it.
1376 -autoscale
1378 Automatically scale the video according to the resolution of first
1379 frame. Enabled by default, use -noautoscale to disable it. When
1380 autoscale is disabled, all output frames of filter graph might not
1381 be in the same resolution and may be inadequate for some
1382 encoder/muxer. Therefore, it is not recommended to disable it
1383 unless you really know what you are doing. Disable autoscale at
1384 your own risk.
1385 Advanced Video options
1387 -pix_fmt[:stream_specifier] format (input/output,per-stream)
1388 Set pixel format. Use "-pix_fmts" to show all the supported pixel
1389 formats. If the selected pixel format can not be selected, ffmpeg
1390 will print a warning and select the best pixel format supported by
1391 the encoder. If pix_fmt is prefixed by a "+", ffmpeg will exit
1392 with an error if the requested pixel format can not be selected,
1393 and automatic conversions inside filtergraphs are disabled. If
1394 pix_fmt is a single "+", ffmpeg selects the same pixel format as
1395 the input (or graph output) and automatic conversions are disabled.
1396 -sws_flags flags (input/output)
1398 Set SwScaler flags.
1399 -rc_override[:stream_specifier] override (output,per-stream)
1401 Rate control override for specific intervals, formatted as
1402 "int,int,int" list separated with slashes. Two first values are the
1403 beginning and end frame numbers, last one is quantizer to use if
1404 positive, or quality factor if negative.
1405 -psnr
1407 Calculate PSNR of compressed frames. This option is deprecated,
1408 pass the PSNR flag to the encoder instead, using "-flags +psnr".
1409 -vstats
1411 Dump video coding statistics to vstats_HHMMSS.log.
1412 -vstats_file file
1414 Dump video coding statistics to file.
1415 -vstats_version file
1417 Specifies which version of the vstats format to use. Default is 2.
1418 version = 1 :
1420 "frame= %5d q= %2.1f PSNR= %6.2f f_size= %6d s_size= %8.0fkB time=
1422 %0.3f br= %7.1fkbits/s avg_br= %7.1fkbits/s"
1423 version > 1:
1425 "out= %2d st= %2d frame= %5d q= %2.1f PSNR= %6.2f f_size= %6d
1427 s_size= %8.0fkB time= %0.3f br= %7.1fkbits/s avg_br= %7.1fkbits/s"
1428 -top[:stream_specifier] n (output,per-stream)
1430 top=1/bottom=0/auto=-1 field first
1431 -vtag fourcc/tag (output)
1433 Force video tag/fourcc. This is an alias for "-tag:v".
1434 -qphist (global)
1436 Show QP histogram
1437 -vbsf bitstream_filter
1439 Deprecated see -bsf
1440 -force_key_frames[:stream_specifier] time[,time...] (output,per-stream)
1442 -force_key_frames[:stream_specifier] expr:expr (output,per-stream)
1443 -force_key_frames[:stream_specifier] source (output,per-stream)
1444 -force_key_frames[:stream_specifier] source_no_drop (output,per-stream)
1445 force_key_frames can take arguments of the following form:
1446 time[,time...]
1448 If the argument consists of timestamps, ffmpeg will round the
1449 specified times to the nearest output timestamp as per the
1450 encoder time base and force a keyframe at the first frame
1451 having timestamp equal or greater than the computed timestamp.
1452 Note that if the encoder time base is too coarse, then the
1453 keyframes may be forced on frames with timestamps lower than
1454 the specified time. The default encoder time base is the
1455 inverse of the output framerate but may be set otherwise via
1456 "-enc_time_base".
1457 If one of the times is ""chapters"[delta]", it is expanded into
1459 the time of the beginning of all chapters in the file, shifted
1460 by delta, expressed as a time in seconds. This option can be
1461 useful to ensure that a seek point is present at a chapter mark
1462 or any other designated place in the output file.
1463 For example, to insert a key frame at 5 minutes, plus key
1465 frames 0.1 second before the beginning of every chapter:
1466 -force_key_frames 0:05:00,chapters-0.1
1468 expr:expr
1470 If the argument is prefixed with "expr:", the string expr is
1471 interpreted like an expression and is evaluated for each frame.
1472 A key frame is forced in case the evaluation is non-zero.
1473 The expression in expr can contain the following constants:
1475 n the number of current processed frame, starting from 0
1477 n_forced
1479 the number of forced frames
1480 prev_forced_n
1482 the number of the previous forced frame, it is "NAN" when
1483 no keyframe was forced yet
1484 prev_forced_t
1486 the time of the previous forced frame, it is "NAN" when no
1487 keyframe was forced yet
1488 t the time of the current processed frame
1490 For example to force a key frame every 5 seconds, you can
1492 specify:
1493 -force_key_frames expr:gte(t,n_forced*5)
1495 To force a key frame 5 seconds after the time of the last
1497 forced one, starting from second 13:
1498 -force_key_frames expr:if(isnan(prev_forced_t),gte(t,13),gte(t,prev_forced_t+5))
1500 source
1502 If the argument is "source", ffmpeg will force a key frame if
1503 the current frame being encoded is marked as a key frame in its
1504 source.
1505 source_no_drop
1507 If the argument is "source_no_drop", ffmpeg will force a key
1508 frame if the current frame being encoded is marked as a key
1509 frame in its source. In cases where this particular source
1510 frame has to be dropped, enforce the next available frame to
1511 become a key frame instead.
1512 Note that forcing too many keyframes is very harmful for the
1514 lookahead algorithms of certain encoders: using fixed-GOP options
1515 or similar would be more efficient.
1516 -copyinkf[:stream_specifier] (output,per-stream)
1518 When doing stream copy, copy also non-key frames found at the
1519 beginning.
1520 -init_hw_device type[=name][:device[,key=value...]]
1522 Initialise a new hardware device of type type called name, using
1523 the given device parameters. If no name is specified it will
1524 receive a default name of the form "type%d".
1525 The meaning of device and the following arguments depends on the
1527 device type:
1528 cuda
1530 device is the number of the CUDA device.
1531 The following options are recognized:
1533 primary_ctx
1535 If set to 1, uses the primary device context instead of
1536 creating a new one.
1537 Examples:
1539 -init_hw_device cuda:1
1541 Choose the second device on the system.
1542 -init_hw_device cuda:0,primary_ctx=1
1544 Choose the first device and use the primary device context.
1545 dxva2
1547 device is the number of the Direct3D 9 display adapter.
1548 d3d11va
1550 device is the number of the Direct3D 11 display adapter.
1551 vaapi
1553 device is either an X11 display name or a DRM render node. If
1554 not specified, it will attempt to open the default X11 display
1555 ($DISPLAY) and then the first DRM render node
1556 (/dev/dri/renderD128).
1557 vdpau
1559 device is an X11 display name. If not specified, it will
1560 attempt to open the default X11 display ($DISPLAY).
1561 qsv device selects a value in MFX_IMPL_*. Allowed values are:
1563 auto
1565 sw
1566 hw
1567 auto_any
1568 hw_any
1569 hw2
1570 hw3
1571 hw4
1572 If not specified, auto_any is used. (Note that it may be
1574 easier to achieve the desired result for QSV by creating the
1575 platform-appropriate subdevice (dxva2 or d3d11va or vaapi) and
1576 then deriving a QSV device from that.)
1577 Alternatively, child_device_type helps to choose platform-
1579 appropriate subdevice type. On Windows d3d11va is used as
1580 default subdevice type.
1581 Examples:
1583 -init_hw_device qsv:hw,child_device_type=d3d11va
1585 Choose the GPU subdevice with type d3d11va and create QSV
1586 device with MFX_IMPL_HARDWARE.
1587 -init_hw_device qsv:hw,child_device_type=dxva2
1589 Choose the GPU subdevice with type dxva2 and create QSV
1590 device with MFX_IMPL_HARDWARE.
1591 opencl
1593 device selects the platform and device as
1594 platform_index.device_index.
1595 The set of devices can also be filtered using the key-value
1597 pairs to find only devices matching particular platform or
1598 device strings.
1599 The strings usable as filters are:
1601 platform_profile
1603 platform_version
1604 platform_name
1605 platform_vendor
1606 platform_extensions
1607 device_name
1608 device_vendor
1609 driver_version
1610 device_version
1611 device_profile
1612 device_extensions
1613 device_type
1614 The indices and filters must together uniquely select a device.
1616 Examples:
1618 -init_hw_device opencl:0.1
1620 Choose the second device on the first platform.
1621 -init_hw_device opencl:,device_name=Foo9000
1623 Choose the device with a name containing the string
1624 Foo9000.
1625 -init_hw_device
1627 opencl:1,device_type=gpu,device_extensions=cl_khr_fp16
1628 Choose the GPU device on the second platform supporting the
1629 cl_khr_fp16 extension.
1630 vulkan
1632 If device is an integer, it selects the device by its index in
1633 a system-dependent list of devices. If device is any other
1634 string, it selects the first device with a name containing that
1635 string as a substring.
1636 The following options are recognized:
1638 debug
1640 If set to 1, enables the validation layer, if installed.
1641 linear_images
1643 If set to 1, images allocated by the hwcontext will be
1644 linear and locally mappable.
1645 instance_extensions
1647 A plus separated list of additional instance extensions to
1648 enable.
1649 device_extensions
1651 A plus separated list of additional device extensions to
1652 enable.
1653 Examples:
1655 -init_hw_device vulkan:1
1657 Choose the second device on the system.
1658 -init_hw_device vulkan:RADV
1660 Choose the first device with a name containing the string
1661 RADV.
1662 -init_hw_device
1664 vulkan:0,instance_extensions=VK_KHR_wayland_surface+VK_KHR_xcb_surface
1665 Choose the first device and enable the Wayland and XCB
1666 instance extensions.
1667 -init_hw_device type[=name]@source
1669 Initialise a new hardware device of type type called name, deriving
1670 it from the existing device with the name source.
1671 -init_hw_device list
1673 List all hardware device types supported in this build of ffmpeg.
1674 -filter_hw_device name
1676 Pass the hardware device called name to all filters in any filter
1677 graph. This can be used to set the device to upload to with the
1678 "hwupload" filter, or the device to map to with the "hwmap" filter.
1679 Other filters may also make use of this parameter when they require
1680 a hardware device. Note that this is typically only required when
1681 the input is not already in hardware frames - when it is, filters
1682 will derive the device they require from the context of the frames
1683 they receive as input.
1684 This is a global setting, so all filters will receive the same
1686 device.
1687 -hwaccel[:stream_specifier] hwaccel (input,per-stream)
1689 Use hardware acceleration to decode the matching stream(s). The
1690 allowed values of hwaccel are:
1691 none
1693 Do not use any hardware acceleration (the default).
1694 auto
1696 Automatically select the hardware acceleration method.
1697 vdpau
1699 Use VDPAU (Video Decode and Presentation API for Unix) hardware
1700 acceleration.
1701 dxva2
1703 Use DXVA2 (DirectX Video Acceleration) hardware acceleration.
1704 d3d11va
1706 Use D3D11VA (DirectX Video Acceleration) hardware acceleration.
1707 vaapi
1709 Use VAAPI (Video Acceleration API) hardware acceleration.
1710 qsv Use the Intel QuickSync Video acceleration for video
1712 transcoding.
1713 Unlike most other values, this option does not enable
1715 accelerated decoding (that is used automatically whenever a qsv
1716 decoder is selected), but accelerated transcoding, without
1717 copying the frames into the system memory.
1718 For it to work, both the decoder and the encoder must support
1720 QSV acceleration and no filters must be used.
1721 This option has no effect if the selected hwaccel is not available
1723 or not supported by the chosen decoder.
1724 Note that most acceleration methods are intended for playback and
1726 will not be faster than software decoding on modern CPUs.
1727 Additionally, ffmpeg will usually need to copy the decoded frames
1728 from the GPU memory into the system memory, resulting in further
1729 performance loss. This option is thus mainly useful for testing.
1730 -hwaccel_device[:stream_specifier] hwaccel_device (input,per-stream)
1732 Select a device to use for hardware acceleration.
1733 This option only makes sense when the -hwaccel option is also
1735 specified. It can either refer to an existing device created with
1736 -init_hw_device by name, or it can create a new device as if
1737 -init_hw_device type:hwaccel_device were called immediately before.
1738 -hwaccels
1740 List all hardware acceleration components enabled in this build of
1741 ffmpeg. Actual runtime availability depends on the hardware and
1742 its suitable driver being installed.
1743 -fix_sub_duration_heartbeat[:stream_specifier]
1745 Set a specific output video stream as the heartbeat stream
1746 according to which to split and push through currently in-progress
1747 subtitle upon receipt of a random access packet.
1748 This lowers the latency of subtitles for which the end packet or
1750 the following subtitle has not yet been received. As a drawback,
1751 this will most likely lead to duplication of subtitle events in
1752 order to cover the full duration, so when dealing with use cases
1753 where latency of when the subtitle event is passed on to output is
1754 not relevant this option should not be utilized.
1755 Requires -fix_sub_duration to be set for the relevant input
1757 subtitle stream for this to have any effect, as well as for the
1758 input subtitle stream having to be directly mapped to the same
1759 output in which the heartbeat stream resides.
1760 Audio Options
1762 -aframes number (output)
1763 Set the number of audio frames to output. This is an obsolete alias
1764 for "-frames:a", which you should use instead.
1765 -ar[:stream_specifier] freq (input/output,per-stream)
1767 Set the audio sampling frequency. For output streams it is set by
1768 default to the frequency of the corresponding input stream. For
1769 input streams this option only makes sense for audio grabbing
1770 devices and raw demuxers and is mapped to the corresponding demuxer
1771 options.
1772 -aq q (output)
1774 Set the audio quality (codec-specific, VBR). This is an alias for
1775 -q:a.
1776 -ac[:stream_specifier] channels (input/output,per-stream)
1778 Set the number of audio channels. For output streams it is set by
1779 default to the number of input audio channels. For input streams
1780 this option only makes sense for audio grabbing devices and raw
1781 demuxers and is mapped to the corresponding demuxer options.
1782 -an (input/output)
1784 As an input option, blocks all audio streams of a file from being
1785 filtered or being automatically selected or mapped for any output.
1786 See "-discard" option to disable streams individually.
1787 As an output option, disables audio recording i.e. automatic
1789 selection or mapping of any audio stream. For full manual control
1790 see the "-map" option.
1791 -acodec codec (input/output)
1793 Set the audio codec. This is an alias for "-codec:a".
1794 -sample_fmt[:stream_specifier] sample_fmt (output,per-stream)
1796 Set the audio sample format. Use "-sample_fmts" to get a list of
1797 supported sample formats.
1798 -af filtergraph (output)
1800 Create the filtergraph specified by filtergraph and use it to
1801 filter the stream.
1802 This is an alias for "-filter:a", see the -filter option.
1804 Advanced Audio options
1806 -atag fourcc/tag (output)
1807 Force audio tag/fourcc. This is an alias for "-tag:a".
1808 -absf bitstream_filter
1810 Deprecated, see -bsf
1811 -guess_layout_max channels (input,per-stream)
1813 If some input channel layout is not known, try to guess only if it
1814 corresponds to at most the specified number of channels. For
1815 example, 2 tells to ffmpeg to recognize 1 channel as mono and 2
1816 channels as stereo but not 6 channels as 5.1. The default is to
1817 always try to guess. Use 0 to disable all guessing.
1818 Subtitle options
1820 -scodec codec (input/output)
1821 Set the subtitle codec. This is an alias for "-codec:s".
1822 -sn (input/output)
1824 As an input option, blocks all subtitle streams of a file from
1825 being filtered or being automatically selected or mapped for any
1826 output. See "-discard" option to disable streams individually.
1827 As an output option, disables subtitle recording i.e. automatic
1829 selection or mapping of any subtitle stream. For full manual
1830 control see the "-map" option.
1831 -sbsf bitstream_filter
1833 Deprecated, see -bsf
1834 Advanced Subtitle options
1836 -fix_sub_duration
1837 Fix subtitles durations. For each subtitle, wait for the next
1838 packet in the same stream and adjust the duration of the first to
1839 avoid overlap. This is necessary with some subtitles codecs,
1840 especially DVB subtitles, because the duration in the original
1841 packet is only a rough estimate and the end is actually marked by
1842 an empty subtitle frame. Failing to use this option when necessary
1843 can result in exaggerated durations or muxing failures due to non-
1844 monotonic timestamps.
1845 Note that this option will delay the output of all data until the
1847 next subtitle packet is decoded: it may increase memory consumption
1848 and latency a lot.
1849 -canvas_size size
1851 Set the size of the canvas used to render subtitles.
1852 Advanced options
1854 -map [-]input_file_id[:stream_specifier][?] | [linklabel] (output)
1855 Create one or more streams in the output file. This option has two
1856 forms for specifying the data source(s): the first selects one or
1857 more streams from some input file (specified with "-i"), the second
1858 takes an output from some complex filtergraph (specified with
1859 "-filter_complex" or "-filter_complex_script").
1860 In the first form, an output stream is created for every stream
1862 from the input file with the index input_file_id. If
1863 stream_specifier is given, only those streams that match the
1864 specifier are used (see the Stream specifiers section for the
1865 stream_specifier syntax).
1866 A "-" character before the stream identifier creates a "negative"
1868 mapping. It disables matching streams from already created
1869 mappings.
1870 A trailing "?" after the stream index will allow the map to be
1872 optional: if the map matches no streams the map will be ignored
1873 instead of failing. Note the map will still fail if an invalid
1874 input file index is used; such as if the map refers to a non-
1875 existent input.
1876 An alternative [linklabel] form will map outputs from complex
1878 filter graphs (see the -filter_complex option) to the output file.
1879 linklabel must correspond to a defined output link label in the
1880 graph.
1881 This option may be specified multiple times, each adding more
1883 streams to the output file. Any given input stream may also be
1884 mapped any number of times as a source for different output
1885 streams, e.g. in order to use different encoding options and/or
1886 filters. The streams are created in the output in the same order in
1887 which the "-map" options are given on the commandline.
1888 Using this option disables the default mappings for this output
1890 file.
1891 Examples:
1893 map everything
1895 To map ALL streams from the first input file to output
1896 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 output
1898 select specific stream
1900 If you have two audio streams in the first input file, these
1901 streams are identified by 0:0 and 0:1. You can use "-map" to
1902 select which streams to place in an output file. For example:
1903 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:1 out.wav
1905 will map the second input stream in INPUT to the (single)
1907 output stream in out.wav.
1908 create multiple streams
1910 To select the stream with index 2 from input file a.mov
1911 (specified by the identifier 0:2), and stream with index 6 from
1912 input b.mov (specified by the identifier 1:6), and copy them to
1913 the output file out.mov:
1914 ffmpeg -i a.mov -i b.mov -c copy -map 0:2 -map 1:6 out.mov
1916 create multiple streams 2
1918 To select all video and the third audio stream from an input
1919 file:
1920 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:v -map 0:a:2 OUTPUT
1922 negative map
1924 To map all the streams except the second audio, use negative
1925 mappings
1926 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 -map -0:a:1 OUTPUT
1928 optional map
1930 To map the video and audio streams from the first input, and
1931 using the trailing "?", ignore the audio mapping if no audio
1932 streams exist in the first input:
1933 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:v -map 0:a? OUTPUT
1935 map by language
1937 To pick the English audio stream:
1938 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:m:language:eng OUTPUT
1940 -ignore_unknown
1942 Ignore input streams with unknown type instead of failing if
1943 copying such streams is attempted.
1944 -copy_unknown
1946 Allow input streams with unknown type to be copied instead of
1947 failing if copying such streams is attempted.
1948 -map_channel
1950 [input_file_id.stream_specifier.channel_id|-1][?][:output_file_id.stream_specifier]
1951 This option is deprecated and will be removed. It can be replaced
1952 by the pan filter. In some cases it may be easier to use some
1953 combination of the channelsplit, channelmap, or amerge filters.
1954 Map an audio channel from a given input to an output. If
1956 output_file_id.stream_specifier is not set, the audio channel will
1957 be mapped on all the audio streams.
1958 Using "-1" instead of input_file_id.stream_specifier.channel_id
1960 will map a muted channel.
1961 A trailing "?" will allow the map_channel to be optional: if the
1963 map_channel matches no channel the map_channel will be ignored
1964 instead of failing.
1965 For example, assuming INPUT is a stereo audio file, you can switch
1967 the two audio channels with the following command:
1968 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map_channel 0.0.1 -map_channel 0.0.0 OUTPUT
1970 If you want to mute the first channel and keep the second:
1972 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map_channel -1 -map_channel 0.0.1 OUTPUT
1974 The order of the "-map_channel" option specifies the order of the
1976 channels in the output stream. The output channel layout is guessed
1977 from the number of channels mapped (mono if one "-map_channel",
1978 stereo if two, etc.). Using "-ac" in combination of "-map_channel"
1979 makes the channel gain levels to be updated if input and output
1980 channel layouts don't match (for instance two "-map_channel"
1981 options and "-ac 6").
1982 You can also extract each channel of an input to specific outputs;
1984 the following command extracts two channels of the INPUT audio
1985 stream (file 0, stream 0) to the respective OUTPUT_CH0 and
1986 OUTPUT_CH1 outputs:
1987 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map_channel 0.0.0 OUTPUT_CH0 -map_channel 0.0.1 OUTPUT_CH1
1989 The following example splits the channels of a stereo input into
1991 two separate streams, which are put into the same output file:
1992 ffmpeg -i stereo.wav -map 0:0 -map 0:0 -map_channel 0.0.0:0.0 -map_channel 0.0.1:0.1 -y out.ogg
1994 Note that currently each output stream can only contain channels
1996 from a single input stream; you can't for example use
1997 "-map_channel" to pick multiple input audio channels contained in
1998 different streams (from the same or different files) and merge them
1999 into a single output stream. It is therefore not currently
2000 possible, for example, to turn two separate mono streams into a
2001 single stereo stream. However splitting a stereo stream into two
2002 single channel mono streams is possible.
2003 If you need this feature, a possible workaround is to use the
2005 amerge filter. For example, if you need to merge a media (here
2006 input.mkv) with 2 mono audio streams into one single stereo channel
2007 audio stream (and keep the video stream), you can use the following
2008 command:
2009 ffmpeg -i input.mkv -filter_complex "[0:1] [0:2] amerge" -c:a pcm_s16le -c:v copy output.mkv
2011 To map the first two audio channels from the first input, and using
2013 the trailing "?", ignore the audio channel mapping if the first
2014 input is mono instead of stereo:
2015 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map_channel 0.0.0 -map_channel 0.0.1? OUTPUT
2017 -map_metadata[:metadata_spec_out] infile[:metadata_spec_in]
2019 (output,per-metadata)
2020 Set metadata information of the next output file from infile. Note
2021 that those are file indices (zero-based), not filenames. Optional
2022 metadata_spec_in/out parameters specify, which metadata to copy. A
2023 metadata specifier can have the following forms:
2024 g global metadata, i.e. metadata that applies to the whole file
2026 s[:stream_spec]
2028 per-stream metadata. stream_spec is a stream specifier as
2029 described in the Stream specifiers chapter. In an input
2030 metadata specifier, the first matching stream is copied from.
2031 In an output metadata specifier, all matching streams are
2032 copied to.
2033 c:chapter_index
2035 per-chapter metadata. chapter_index is the zero-based chapter
2036 index.
2037 p:program_index
2039 per-program metadata. program_index is the zero-based program
2040 index.
2041 If metadata specifier is omitted, it defaults to global.
2043 By default, global metadata is copied from the first input file,
2045 per-stream and per-chapter metadata is copied along with
2046 streams/chapters. These default mappings are disabled by creating
2047 any mapping of the relevant type. A negative file index can be used
2048 to create a dummy mapping that just disables automatic copying.
2049 For example to copy metadata from the first stream of the input
2051 file to global metadata of the output file:
2052 ffmpeg -i in.ogg -map_metadata 0:s:0 out.mp3
2054 To do the reverse, i.e. copy global metadata to all audio streams:
2056 ffmpeg -i in.mkv -map_metadata:s:a 0:g out.mkv
2058 Note that simple 0 would work as well in this example, since global
2060 metadata is assumed by default.
2061 -map_chapters input_file_index (output)
2063 Copy chapters from input file with index input_file_index to the
2064 next output file. If no chapter mapping is specified, then chapters
2065 are copied from the first input file with at least one chapter. Use
2066 a negative file index to disable any chapter copying.
2067 -benchmark (global)
2069 Show benchmarking information at the end of an encode. Shows real,
2070 system and user time used and maximum memory consumption. Maximum
2071 memory consumption is not supported on all systems, it will usually
2072 display as 0 if not supported.
2073 -benchmark_all (global)
2075 Show benchmarking information during the encode. Shows real,
2076 system and user time used in various steps (audio/video
2077 encode/decode).
2078 -timelimit duration (global)
2080 Exit after ffmpeg has been running for duration seconds in CPU user
2081 time.
2082 -dump (global)
2084 Dump each input packet to stderr.
2085 -hex (global)
2087 When dumping packets, also dump the payload.
2088 -readrate speed (input)
2090 Limit input read speed.
2091 Its value is a floating-point positive number which represents the
2093 maximum duration of media, in seconds, that should be ingested in
2094 one second of wallclock time. Default value is zero and represents
2095 no imposed limitation on speed of ingestion. Value 1 represents
2096 real-time speed and is equivalent to "-re".
2097 Mainly used to simulate a capture device or live input stream (e.g.
2099 when reading from a file). Should not be used with a low value
2100 when input is an actual capture device or live stream as it may
2101 cause packet loss.
2102 It is useful for when flow speed of output packets is important,
2104 such as live streaming.
2105 -re (input)
2107 Read input at native frame rate. This is equivalent to setting
2108 "-readrate 1".
2109 -vsync parameter (global)
2111 -fps_mode[:stream_specifier] parameter (output,per-stream)
2112 Set video sync method / framerate mode. vsync is applied to all
2113 output video streams but can be overridden for a stream by setting
2114 fps_mode. vsync is deprecated and will be removed in the future.
2115 For compatibility reasons some of the values for vsync can be
2117 specified as numbers (shown in parentheses in the following table).
2118 passthrough (0)
2120 Each frame is passed with its timestamp from the demuxer to the
2121 muxer.
2122 cfr (1)
2124 Frames will be duplicated and dropped to achieve exactly the
2125 requested constant frame rate.
2126 vfr (2)
2128 Frames are passed through with their timestamp or dropped so as
2129 to prevent 2 frames from having the same timestamp.
2130 drop
2132 As passthrough but destroys all timestamps, making the muxer
2133 generate fresh timestamps based on frame-rate.
2134 auto (-1)
2136 Chooses between cfr and vfr depending on muxer capabilities.
2137 This is the default method.
2138 Note that the timestamps may be further modified by the muxer,
2140 after this. For example, in the case that the format option
2141 avoid_negative_ts is enabled.
2142 With -map you can select from which stream the timestamps should be
2144 taken. You can leave either video or audio unchanged and sync the
2145 remaining stream(s) to the unchanged one.
2146 -frame_drop_threshold parameter
2148 Frame drop threshold, which specifies how much behind video frames
2149 can be before they are dropped. In frame rate units, so 1.0 is one
2150 frame. The default is -1.1. One possible usecase is to avoid
2151 framedrops in case of noisy timestamps or to increase frame drop
2152 precision in case of exact timestamps.
2153 -adrift_threshold time
2155 Set the minimum difference between timestamps and audio data (in
2156 seconds) to trigger adding/dropping samples to make it match the
2157 timestamps. This option effectively is a threshold to select
2158 between hard (add/drop) and soft (squeeze/stretch) compensation.
2159 "-async" must be set to a positive value.
2160 -apad parameters (output,per-stream)
2162 Pad the output audio stream(s). This is the same as applying "-af
2163 apad". Argument is a string of filter parameters composed the same
2164 as with the "apad" filter. "-shortest" must be set for this output
2165 for the option to take effect.
2166 -copyts
2168 Do not process input timestamps, but keep their values without
2169 trying to sanitize them. In particular, do not remove the initial
2170 start time offset value.
2171 Note that, depending on the vsync option or on specific muxer
2173 processing (e.g. in case the format option avoid_negative_ts is
2174 enabled) the output timestamps may mismatch with the input
2175 timestamps even when this option is selected.
2176 -start_at_zero
2178 When used with copyts, shift input timestamps so they start at
2179 zero.
2180 This means that using e.g. "-ss 50" will make output timestamps
2182 start at 50 seconds, regardless of what timestamp the input file
2183 started at.
2184 -copytb mode
2186 Specify how to set the encoder timebase when stream copying. mode
2187 is an integer numeric value, and can assume one of the following
2188 values:
2189 1 Use the demuxer timebase.
2191 The time base is copied to the output encoder from the
2193 corresponding input demuxer. This is sometimes required to
2194 avoid non monotonically increasing timestamps when copying
2195 video streams with variable frame rate.
2196 0 Use the decoder timebase.
2198 The time base is copied to the output encoder from the
2200 corresponding input decoder.
2201 -1 Try to make the choice automatically, in order to generate a
2203 sane output.
2204 Default value is -1.
2206 -enc_time_base[:stream_specifier] timebase (output,per-stream)
2208 Set the encoder timebase. timebase is a floating point number, and
2209 can assume one of the following values:
2210 0 Assign a default value according to the media type.
2212 For video - use 1/framerate, for audio - use 1/samplerate.
2214 -1 Use the input stream timebase when possible.
2216 If an input stream is not available, the default timebase will
2218 be used.
2219 >0 Use the provided number as the timebase.
2221 This field can be provided as a ratio of two integers (e.g.
2223 1:24, 1:48000) or as a floating point number (e.g. 0.04166,
2224 2.0833e-5)
2225 Default value is 0.
2227 -bitexact (input/output)
2229 Enable bitexact mode for (de)muxer and (de/en)coder
2230 -shortest (output)
2232 Finish encoding when the shortest output stream ends.
2233 Note that this option may require buffering frames, which
2235 introduces extra latency. The maximum amount of this latency may be
2236 controlled with the "-shortest_buf_duration" option.
2237 -shortest_buf_duration duration (output)
2239 The "-shortest" option may require buffering potentially large
2240 amounts of data when at least one of the streams is "sparse" (i.e.
2241 has large gaps between frames – this is typically the case for
2242 subtitles).
2243 This option controls the maximum duration of buffered frames in
2245 seconds. Larger values may allow the "-shortest" option to produce
2246 more accurate results, but increase memory use and latency.
2247 The default value is 10 seconds.
2249 -dts_delta_threshold
2251 Timestamp discontinuity delta threshold.
2252 -dts_error_threshold seconds
2254 Timestamp error delta threshold. This threshold use to discard
2255 crazy/damaged timestamps and the default is 30 hours which is
2256 arbitrarily picked and quite conservative.
2257 -muxdelay seconds (output)
2259 Set the maximum demux-decode delay.
2260 -muxpreload seconds (output)
2262 Set the initial demux-decode delay.
2263 -streamid output-stream-index:new-value (output)
2265 Assign a new stream-id value to an output stream. This option
2266 should be specified prior to the output filename to which it
2267 applies. For the situation where multiple output files exist, a
2268 streamid may be reassigned to a different value.
2269 For example, to set the stream 0 PID to 33 and the stream 1 PID to
2271 36 for an output mpegts file:
2272 ffmpeg -i inurl -streamid 0:33 -streamid 1:36 out.ts
2274 -bsf[:stream_specifier] bitstream_filters (output,per-stream)
2276 Set bitstream filters for matching streams. bitstream_filters is a
2277 comma-separated list of bitstream filters. Use the "-bsfs" option
2278 to get the list of bitstream filters.
2279 ffmpeg -i h264.mp4 -c:v copy -bsf:v h264_mp4toannexb -an out.h264
2281 ffmpeg -i file.mov -an -vn -bsf:s mov2textsub -c:s copy -f rawvideo sub.txt
2284 -tag[:stream_specifier] codec_tag (input/output,per-stream)
2286 Force a tag/fourcc for matching streams.
2287 -timecode hh:mm:ssSEPff
2289 Specify Timecode for writing. SEP is ':' for non drop timecode and
2290 ';' (or '.') for drop.
2291 ffmpeg -i input.mpg -timecode 01:02:03.04 -r 30000/1001 -s ntsc output.mpg
2293 -filter_complex filtergraph (global)
2295 Define a complex filtergraph, i.e. one with arbitrary number of
2296 inputs and/or outputs. For simple graphs -- those with one input
2297 and one output of the same type -- see the -filter options.
2298 filtergraph is a description of the filtergraph, as described in
2299 the ``Filtergraph syntax'' section of the ffmpeg-filters manual.
2300 Input link labels must refer to input streams using the
2302 "[file_index:stream_specifier]" syntax (i.e. the same as -map
2303 uses). If stream_specifier matches multiple streams, the first one
2304 will be used. An unlabeled input will be connected to the first
2305 unused input stream of the matching type.
2306 Output link labels are referred to with -map. Unlabeled outputs are
2308 added to the first output file.
2309 Note that with this option it is possible to use only lavfi sources
2311 without normal input files.
2312 For example, to overlay an image over video
2314 ffmpeg -i video.mkv -i image.png -filter_complex '[0:v][1:v]overlay[out]' -map
2316 '[out]' out.mkv
2317 Here "[0:v]" refers to the first video stream in the first input
2319 file, which is linked to the first (main) input of the overlay
2320 filter. Similarly the first video stream in the second input is
2321 linked to the second (overlay) input of overlay.
2322 Assuming there is only one video stream in each input file, we can
2324 omit input labels, so the above is equivalent to
2325 ffmpeg -i video.mkv -i image.png -filter_complex 'overlay[out]' -map
2327 '[out]' out.mkv
2328 Furthermore we can omit the output label and the single output from
2330 the filter graph will be added to the output file automatically, so
2331 we can simply write
2332 ffmpeg -i video.mkv -i image.png -filter_complex 'overlay' out.mkv
2334 As a special exception, you can use a bitmap subtitle stream as
2336 input: it will be converted into a video with the same size as the
2337 largest video in the file, or 720x576 if no video is present. Note
2338 that this is an experimental and temporary solution. It will be
2339 removed once libavfilter has proper support for subtitles.
2340 For example, to hardcode subtitles on top of a DVB-T recording
2342 stored in MPEG-TS format, delaying the subtitles by 1 second:
2343 ffmpeg -i input.ts -filter_complex \
2345 '[#0x2ef] setpts=PTS+1/TB [sub] ; [#0x2d0] [sub] overlay' \
2346 -sn -map '#0x2dc' output.mkv
2347 (0x2d0, 0x2dc and 0x2ef are the MPEG-TS PIDs of respectively the
2349 video, audio and subtitles streams; 0:0, 0:3 and 0:7 would have
2350 worked too)
2351 To generate 5 seconds of pure red video using lavfi "color" source:
2353 ffmpeg -filter_complex 'color=c=red' -t 5 out.mkv
2355 -filter_complex_threads nb_threads (global)
2357 Defines how many threads are used to process a filter_complex
2358 graph. Similar to filter_threads but used for "-filter_complex"
2359 graphs only. The default is the number of available CPUs.
2360 -lavfi filtergraph (global)
2362 Define a complex filtergraph, i.e. one with arbitrary number of
2363 inputs and/or outputs. Equivalent to -filter_complex.
2364 -filter_complex_script filename (global)
2366 This option is similar to -filter_complex, the only difference is
2367 that its argument is the name of the file from which a complex
2368 filtergraph description is to be read.
2369 -accurate_seek (input)
2371 This option enables or disables accurate seeking in input files
2372 with the -ss option. It is enabled by default, so seeking is
2373 accurate when transcoding. Use -noaccurate_seek to disable it,
2374 which may be useful e.g. when copying some streams and transcoding
2375 the others.
2376 -seek_timestamp (input)
2378 This option enables or disables seeking by timestamp in input files
2379 with the -ss option. It is disabled by default. If enabled, the
2380 argument to the -ss option is considered an actual timestamp, and
2381 is not offset by the start time of the file. This matters only for
2382 files which do not start from timestamp 0, such as transport
2383 streams.
2384 -thread_queue_size size (input/output)
2386 For input, this option sets the maximum number of queued packets
2387 when reading from the file or device. With low latency / high rate
2388 live streams, packets may be discarded if they are not read in a
2389 timely manner; setting this value can force ffmpeg to use a
2390 separate input thread and read packets as soon as they arrive. By
2391 default ffmpeg only does this if multiple inputs are specified.
2392 For output, this option specified the maximum number of packets
2394 that may be queued to each muxing thread.
2395 -sdp_file file (global)
2397 Print sdp information for an output stream to file. This allows
2398 dumping sdp information when at least one output isn't an rtp
2399 stream. (Requires at least one of the output formats to be rtp).
2400 -discard (input)
2402 Allows discarding specific streams or frames from streams. Any
2403 input stream can be fully discarded, using value "all" whereas
2404 selective discarding of frames from a stream occurs at the demuxer
2405 and is not supported by all demuxers.
2406 none
2408 Discard no frame.
2409 default
2411 Default, which discards no frames.
2412 noref
2414 Discard all non-reference frames.
2415 bidir
2417 Discard all bidirectional frames.
2418 nokey
2420 Discard all frames excepts keyframes.
2421 all Discard all frames.
2423 -abort_on flags (global)
2425 Stop and abort on various conditions. The following flags are
2426 available:
2427 empty_output
2429 No packets were passed to the muxer, the output is empty.
2430 empty_output_stream
2432 No packets were passed to the muxer in some of the output
2433 streams.
2434 -max_error_rate (global)
2436 Set fraction of decoding frame failures across all inputs which
2437 when crossed ffmpeg will return exit code 69. Crossing this
2438 threshold does not terminate processing. Range is a floating-point
2439 number between 0 to 1. Default is 2/3.
2440 -xerror (global)
2442 Stop and exit on error
2443 -max_muxing_queue_size packets (output,per-stream)
2445 When transcoding audio and/or video streams, ffmpeg will not begin
2446 writing into the output until it has one packet for each such
2447 stream. While waiting for that to happen, packets for other streams
2448 are buffered. This option sets the size of this buffer, in packets,
2449 for the matching output stream.
2450 The default value of this option should be high enough for most
2452 uses, so only touch this option if you are sure that you need it.
2453 -muxing_queue_data_threshold bytes (output,per-stream)
2455 This is a minimum threshold until which the muxing queue size is
2456 not taken into account. Defaults to 50 megabytes per stream, and is
2457 based on the overall size of packets passed to the muxer.
2458 -auto_conversion_filters (global)
2460 Enable automatically inserting format conversion filters in all
2461 filter graphs, including those defined by -vf, -af, -filter_complex
2462 and -lavfi. If filter format negotiation requires a conversion, the
2463 initialization of the filters will fail. Conversions can still be
2464 performed by inserting the relevant conversion filter (scale,
2465 aresample) in the graph. On by default, to explicitly disable it
2466 you need to specify "-noauto_conversion_filters".
2467 -bits_per_raw_sample[:stream_specifier] value (output,per-stream)
2469 Declare the number of bits per raw sample in the given output
2470 stream to be value. Note that this option sets the information
2471 provided to the encoder/muxer, it does not change the stream to
2472 conform to this value. Setting values that do not match the stream
2473 properties may result in encoding failures or invalid output files.
2474 -stats_enc_pre[:stream_specifier] path (output,per-stream)
2476 -stats_enc_post[:stream_specifier] path (output,per-stream)
2477 -stats_mux_pre[:stream_specifier] path (output,per-stream)
2478 Write per-frame encoding information about the matching streams
2479 into the file given by path.
2480 -stats_enc_pre writes information about raw video or audio frames
2482 right before they are sent for encoding, while -stats_enc_post
2483 writes information about encoded packets as they are received from
2484 the encoder. -stats_mux_pre writes information about packets just
2485 as they are about to be sent to the muxer. Every frame or packet
2486 produces one line in the specified file. The format of this line is
2487 controlled by -stats_enc_pre_fmt / -stats_enc_post_fmt /
2488 -stats_mux_pre_fmt.
2489 When stats for multiple streams are written into a single file, the
2491 lines corresponding to different streams will be interleaved. The
2492 precise order of this interleaving is not specified and not
2493 guaranteed to remain stable between different invocations of the
2494 program, even with the same options.
2495 -stats_enc_pre_fmt[:stream_specifier] format_spec (output,per-stream)
2497 -stats_enc_post_fmt[:stream_specifier] format_spec (output,per-stream)
2498 -stats_mux_pre_fmt[:stream_specifier] format_spec (output,per-stream)
2499 Specify the format for the lines written with -stats_enc_pre /
2500 -stats_enc_post / -stats_mux_pre.
2501 format_spec is a string that may contain directives of the form
2503 {fmt}. format_spec is backslash-escaped --- use \{, \}, and \\ to
2504 write a literal {, }, or \, respectively, into the output.
2505 The directives given with fmt may be one of the following:
2507 fidx
2509 Index of the output file.
2510 sidx
2512 Index of the output stream in the file.
2513 n Frame number. Pre-encoding: number of frames sent to the
2515 encoder so far. Post-encoding: number of packets received from
2516 the encoder so far. Muxing: number of packets submitted to the
2517 muxer for this stream so far.
2518 ni Input frame number. Index of the input frame (i.e. output by a
2520 decoder) that corresponds to this output frame or packet. -1 if
2521 unavailable.
2522 tb Encoder timebase, as a rational number num/den. Note that this
2524 may be different from the timebase used by the muxer.
2525 tbi Timebase for ptsi, as a rational number num/den. Available when
2527 ptsi is available, 0/1 otherwise.
2528 pts Presentation timestamp of the frame or packet, as an integer.
2530 Should be multiplied by the timebase to compute presentation
2531 time.
2532 ptsi
2534 Presentation timestamp of the input frame (see ni), as an
2535 integer. Should be multiplied by tbi to compute presentation
2536 time. Printed as (2^63 - 1 = 9223372036854775807) when not
2537 available.
2538 t Presentation time of the frame or packet, as a decimal number.
2540 Equal to pts multiplied by tb.
2541 ti Presentation time of the input frame (see ni), as a decimal
2543 number. Equal to ptsi multiplied by tbi. Printed as inf when
2544 not available.
2545 dts Decoding timestamp of the packet, as an integer. Should be
2547 multiplied by the timebase to compute presentation time. Post-
2548 encoding only.
2549 dt Decoding time of the frame or packet, as a decimal number.
2551 Equal to dts multiplied by tb.
2552 sn Number of audio samples sent to the encoder so far. Audio and
2554 pre-encoding only.
2555 samp
2557 Number of audio samples in the frame. Audio and pre-encoding
2558 only.
2559 size
2561 Size of the encoded packet in bytes. Post-encoding only.
2562 br Current bitrate in bits per second. Post-encoding only.
2564 abr Average bitrate for the whole stream so far, in bits per
2566 second, -1 if it cannot be determined at this point. Post-
2567 encoding only.
2568 The default format strings are:
2570 pre-encoding
2572 {fidx} {sidx} {n} {t}
2573 post-encoding
2575 {fidx} {sidx} {n} {t}
2576 In the future, new items may be added to the end of the default
2578 formatting strings. Users who depend on the format staying exactly
2579 the same, should prescribe it manually.
2580 Note that stats for different streams written into the same file
2582 may have different formats.
2583 Preset files
2585 A preset file contains a sequence of option=value pairs, one for each
2586 line, specifying a sequence of options which would be awkward to
2587 specify on the command line. Lines starting with the hash ('#')
2588 character are ignored and are used to provide comments. Check the
2589 presets directory in the FFmpeg source tree for examples.
2590 There are two types of preset files: ffpreset and avpreset files.
2592 ffpreset files
2594 ffpreset files are specified with the "vpre", "apre", "spre", and
2596 "fpre" options. The "fpre" option takes the filename of the preset
2597 instead of a preset name as input and can be used for any kind of
2598 codec. For the "vpre", "apre", and "spre" options, the options
2599 specified in a preset file are applied to the currently selected codec
2600 of the same type as the preset option.
2601 The argument passed to the "vpre", "apre", and "spre" preset options
2603 identifies the preset file to use according to the following rules:
2604 First ffmpeg searches for a file named arg.ffpreset in the directories
2606 $FFMPEG_DATADIR (if set), and $HOME/.ffmpeg, and in the datadir defined
2607 at configuration time (usually PREFIX/share/ffmpeg) or in a ffpresets
2608 folder along the executable on win32, in that order. For example, if
2609 the argument is "libvpx-1080p", it will search for the file
2610 libvpx-1080p.ffpreset.
2611 If no such file is found, then ffmpeg will search for a file named
2613 codec_name-arg.ffpreset in the above-mentioned directories, where
2614 codec_name is the name of the codec to which the preset file options
2615 will be applied. For example, if you select the video codec with
2616 "-vcodec libvpx" and use "-vpre 1080p", then it will search for the
2617 file libvpx-1080p.ffpreset.
2618 avpreset files
2620 avpreset files are specified with the "pre" option. They work similar
2622 to ffpreset files, but they only allow encoder- specific options.
2623 Therefore, an option=value pair specifying an encoder cannot be used.
2624 When the "pre" option is specified, ffmpeg will look for files with the
2626 suffix .avpreset in the directories $AVCONV_DATADIR (if set), and
2627 $HOME/.avconv, and in the datadir defined at configuration time
2628 (usually PREFIX/share/ffmpeg), in that order.
2629 First ffmpeg searches for a file named codec_name-arg.avpreset in the
2631 above-mentioned directories, where codec_name is the name of the codec
2632 to which the preset file options will be applied. For example, if you
2633 select the video codec with "-vcodec libvpx" and use "-pre 1080p", then
2634 it will search for the file libvpx-1080p.avpreset.
2635 If no such file is found, then ffmpeg will search for a file named
2637 arg.avpreset in the same directories.
2638
2640 Video and Audio grabbing
2641 If you specify the input format and device then ffmpeg can grab video
2642 and audio directly.
2643 ffmpeg -f oss -i /dev/dsp -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 /tmp/out.mpg
2645 Or with an ALSA audio source (mono input, card id 1) instead of OSS:
2647 ffmpeg -f alsa -ac 1 -i hw:1 -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 /tmp/out.mpg
2649 Note that you must activate the right video source and channel before
2651 launching ffmpeg with any TV viewer such as
2652 <http://linux.bytesex.org/xawtv/> by Gerd Knorr. You also have to set
2653 the audio recording levels correctly with a standard mixer.
2654 X11 grabbing
2656 Grab the X11 display with ffmpeg via
2657 ffmpeg -f x11grab -video_size cif -framerate 25 -i :0.0 /tmp/out.mpg
2659 0.0 is display.screen number of your X11 server, same as the DISPLAY
2661 environment variable.
2662 ffmpeg -f x11grab -video_size cif -framerate 25 -i :0.0+10,20 /tmp/out.mpg
2664 0.0 is display.screen number of your X11 server, same as the DISPLAY
2666 environment variable. 10 is the x-offset and 20 the y-offset for the
2667 grabbing.
2668 Video and Audio file format conversion
2670 Any supported file format and protocol can serve as input to ffmpeg:
2671 Examples:
2673 • You can use YUV files as input:
2675 ffmpeg -i /tmp/test%d.Y /tmp/out.mpg
2677 It will use the files:
2679 /tmp/test0.Y, /tmp/test0.U, /tmp/test0.V,
2681 /tmp/test1.Y, /tmp/test1.U, /tmp/test1.V, etc...
2682 The Y files use twice the resolution of the U and V files. They are
2684 raw files, without header. They can be generated by all decent
2685 video decoders. You must specify the size of the image with the -s
2686 option if ffmpeg cannot guess it.
2687 • You can input from a raw YUV420P file:
2689 ffmpeg -i /tmp/test.yuv /tmp/out.avi
2691 test.yuv is a file containing raw YUV planar data. Each frame is
2693 composed of the Y plane followed by the U and V planes at half
2694 vertical and horizontal resolution.
2695 • You can output to a raw YUV420P file:
2697 ffmpeg -i mydivx.avi hugefile.yuv
2699 • You can set several input files and output files:
2701 ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -s 640x480 -i /tmp/a.yuv /tmp/a.mpg
2703 Converts the audio file a.wav and the raw YUV video file a.yuv to
2705 MPEG file a.mpg.
2706 • You can also do audio and video conversions at the same time:
2708 ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -ar 22050 /tmp/a.mp2
2710 Converts a.wav to MPEG audio at 22050 Hz sample rate.
2712 • You can encode to several formats at the same time and define a
2714 mapping from input stream to output streams:
2715 ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -map 0:a -b:a 64k /tmp/a.mp2 -map 0:a -b:a 128k /tmp/b.mp2
2717 Converts a.wav to a.mp2 at 64 kbits and to b.mp2 at 128 kbits.
2719 '-map file:index' specifies which input stream is used for each
2720 output stream, in the order of the definition of output streams.
2721 • You can transcode decrypted VOBs:
2723 ffmpeg -i snatch_1.vob -f avi -c:v mpeg4 -b:v 800k -g 300 -bf 2 -c:a libmp3lame -b:a 128k snatch.avi
2725 This is a typical DVD ripping example; the input is a VOB file, the
2727 output an AVI file with MPEG-4 video and MP3 audio. Note that in
2728 this command we use B-frames so the MPEG-4 stream is DivX5
2729 compatible, and GOP size is 300 which means one intra frame every
2730 10 seconds for 29.97fps input video. Furthermore, the audio stream
2731 is MP3-encoded so you need to enable LAME support by passing
2732 "--enable-libmp3lame" to configure. The mapping is particularly
2733 useful for DVD transcoding to get the desired audio language.
2734 NOTE: To see the supported input formats, use "ffmpeg -demuxers".
2736 • You can extract images from a video, or create a video from many
2738 images:
2739 For extracting images from a video:
2741 ffmpeg -i foo.avi -r 1 -s WxH -f image2 foo-%03d.jpeg
2743 This will extract one video frame per second from the video and
2745 will output them in files named foo-001.jpeg, foo-002.jpeg, etc.
2746 Images will be rescaled to fit the new WxH values.
2747 If you want to extract just a limited number of frames, you can use
2749 the above command in combination with the "-frames:v" or "-t"
2750 option, or in combination with -ss to start extracting from a
2751 certain point in time.
2752 For creating a video from many images:
2754 ffmpeg -f image2 -framerate 12 -i foo-%03d.jpeg -s WxH foo.avi
2756 The syntax "foo-%03d.jpeg" specifies to use a decimal number
2758 composed of three digits padded with zeroes to express the sequence
2759 number. It is the same syntax supported by the C printf function,
2760 but only formats accepting a normal integer are suitable.
2761 When importing an image sequence, -i also supports expanding shell-
2763 like wildcard patterns (globbing) internally, by selecting the
2764 image2-specific "-pattern_type glob" option.
2765 For example, for creating a video from filenames matching the glob
2767 pattern "foo-*.jpeg":
2768 ffmpeg -f image2 -pattern_type glob -framerate 12 -i 'foo-*.jpeg' -s WxH foo.avi
2770 • You can put many streams of the same type in the output:
2772 ffmpeg -i test1.avi -i test2.avi -map 1:1 -map 1:0 -map 0:1 -map 0:0 -c copy -y test12.nut
2774 The resulting output file test12.nut will contain the first four
2776 streams from the input files in reverse order.
2777 • To force CBR video output:
2779 ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -b 4000k -minrate 4000k -maxrate 4000k -bufsize 1835k out.m2v
2781 • The four options lmin, lmax, mblmin and mblmax use 'lambda' units,
2783 but you may use the QP2LAMBDA constant to easily convert from 'q'
2784 units:
2785 ffmpeg -i src.ext -lmax 21*QP2LAMBDA dst.ext
2787
2789 ffmpeg-all(1), ffplay(1), ffprobe(1), ffmpeg-utils(1),
2790 ffmpeg-scaler(1), ffmpeg-resampler(1), ffmpeg-codecs(1),
2791 ffmpeg-bitstream-filters(1), ffmpeg-formats(1), ffmpeg-devices(1),
2792 ffmpeg-protocols(1), ffmpeg-filters(1)
2793
2795 The FFmpeg developers.
2796 For details about the authorship, see the Git history of the project
2798 (https://git.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg), e.g. by typing the command git log in
2799 the FFmpeg source directory, or browsing the online repository at
2800 <https://git.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg>.
2801 Maintainers for the specific components are listed in the file
2803 MAINTAINERS in the source code tree.
2804 FFMPEG(1)