1PERLBS2000(1)          Perl Programmers Reference Guide          PERLBS2000(1)
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NAME

6       perlbs2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
7
8       This document needs to be updated, but we don't know what it should
9       say.  Please submit comments to <https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues>.
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SYNOPSIS

12       This document will help you Configure, build, test and install Perl on
13       BS2000 in the POSIX subsystem.
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DESCRIPTION

16       This is a ported perl for the POSIX subsystem in BS2000 VERSION OSD
17       V3.1A or later.  It may work on other versions, but we started porting
18       and testing it with 3.1A and are currently using Version V4.0A.
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20       You may need the following GNU programs in order to install perl:
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22   gzip on BS2000
23       We used version 1.2.4, which could be installed out of the box with one
24       failure during 'make check'.
25
26   bison on BS2000
27       The yacc coming with BS2000 POSIX didn't work for us.  So we had to use
28       bison.  We had to make a few changes to perl in order to use the pure
29       (reentrant) parser of bison.  We used version 1.25, but we had to add a
30       few changes due to EBCDIC.  See below for more details concerning yacc.
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32   Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
33       To extract an ASCII tar archive on BS2000 POSIX you need an ASCII
34       filesystem (we used the mountpoint /usr/local/ascii for this).  Now you
35       extract the archive in the ASCII filesystem without I/O-conversion:
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37       cd /usr/local/ascii export IO_CONVERSION=NO gunzip <
38       /usr/local/src/perl.tar.gz | pax -r
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40       You may ignore the error message for the first element of the archive
41       (this doesn't look like a tar archive / skipping to next file...), it's
42       only the directory which will be created automatically anyway.
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44       After extracting the archive you copy the whole directory tree to your
45       EBCDIC filesystem.  This time you use I/O-conversion:
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47       cd /usr/local/src IO_CONVERSION=YES cp -r /usr/local/ascii/perl5.005_02
48       ./
49
50   Compiling Perl on BS2000
51       There is a "hints" file for BS2000 called hints.posix-bc (because
52       posix-bc is the OS name given by `uname`) that specifies the correct
53       values for most things.  The major problem is (of course) the EBCDIC
54       character set.  We have german EBCDIC version.
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56       Because of our problems with the native yacc we used GNU bison to
57       generate a pure (=reentrant) parser for perly.y.  So our yacc is really
58       the following script:
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60       -----8<-----/usr/local/bin/yacc-----8<----- #! /usr/bin/sh
61
62       # Bison as a reentrant yacc:
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64       # save parameters: params="" while [[ $# -gt 1 ]]; do
65           params="$params $1"
66           shift done
67
68       # add flag %pure_parser:
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70       tmpfile=/tmp/bison.$$.y echo %pure_parser > $tmpfile cat $1 >> $tmpfile
71
72       # call bison:
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74       echo "/usr/local/bin/bison --yacc $params $1\t\t\t(Pure Parser)"
75       /usr/local/bin/bison --yacc $params $tmpfile
76
77       # cleanup:
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79       rm -f $tmpfile -----8<----------8<-----
80
81       We still use the normal yacc for a2p.y though!!!  We made a softlink
82       called byacc to distinguish between the two versions:
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84       ln -s /usr/bin/yacc /usr/local/bin/byacc
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86       We build perl using GNU make.  We tried the native make once and it
87       worked too.
88
89   Testing Perl on BS2000
90       We still got a few errors during "make test".  Some of them are the
91       result of using bison.  Bison prints parser error instead of syntax
92       error, so we may ignore them.  The following list shows our errors,
93       your results may differ:
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95       op/numconvert.......FAILED tests 1409-1440 op/regexp...........FAILED
96       tests 483, 496 op/regexp_noamp.....FAILED tests 483, 496
97       pragma/overload.....FAILED tests 152-153, 170-171
98       pragma/warnings.....FAILED tests 14, 82, 129, 155, 192, 205, 207
99       lib/bigfloat........FAILED tests 351-352, 355
100       lib/bigfltpm........FAILED tests 354-355, 358
101       lib/complex.........FAILED tests 267, 487 lib/dumper..........FAILED
102       tests 43, 45 Failed 11/231 test scripts, 95.24% okay. 57/10595 subtests
103       failed, 99.46% okay.
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105   Installing Perl on BS2000
106       We have no nroff on BS2000 POSIX (yet), so we ignored any errors while
107       installing the documentation.
108
109   Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
110       BS2000 POSIX doesn't support the shebang notation
111       ("#!/usr/local/bin/perl"), so you have to use the following lines
112       instead:
113
114       : # use perl
115           eval 'exec /usr/local/bin/perl -S $0 ${1+"$@"}'
116               if 0; # ^ Run only under a shell
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118   Using Perl in "native" BS2000
119       We don't have much experience with this yet, but try the following:
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121       Copy your Perl executable to a BS2000 LLM using bs2cp:
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123       "bs2cp /usr/local/bin/perl 'bs2:perl(perl,l)'"
124
125       Now you can start it with the following (SDF) command:
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127       "/START-PROG FROM-FILE=*MODULE(PERL,PERL),PROG-MODE=*ANY,RUN-MODE=*ADV"
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129       First you get the BS2000 commandline prompt ('*').  Here you may enter
130       your parameters, e.g. "-e 'print "Hello World!\\n";'" (note the double
131       backslash!) or "-w" and the name of your Perl script.  Filenames
132       starting with "/" are searched in the Posix filesystem, others are
133       searched in the BS2000 filesystem.  You may even use wildcards if you
134       put a "%" in front of your filename (e.g. "-w checkfiles.pl %*.c").
135       Read your C/C++ manual for additional possibilities of the commandline
136       prompt (look for PARAMETER-PROMPTING).
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138   Floating point anomalies on BS2000
139       There appears to be a bug in the floating point implementation on
140       BS2000 POSIX systems such that calling int() on the product of a number
141       and a small magnitude number is not the same as calling int() on the
142       quotient of that number and a large magnitude number.  For example, in
143       the following Perl code:
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145           my $x = 100000.0;
146           my $y = int($x * 1e-5) * 1e5; # '0'
147           my $z = int($x / 1e+5) * 1e5;  # '100000'
148           print "\$y is $y and \$z is $z\n"; # $y is 0 and $z is 100000
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150       Although one would expect the quantities $y and $z to be the same and
151       equal to 100000 they will differ and instead will be 0 and 100000
152       respectively.
153
154   Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions
155       Since version 5.8 Perl uses the new PerlIO on BS2000.  This enables you
156       using different encodings per IO channel.  For example you may use
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158           use Encode;
159           open($f, ">:encoding(ascii)", "test.ascii");
160           print $f "Hello World!\n";
161           open($f, ">:encoding(posix-bc)", "test.ebcdic");
162           print $f "Hello World!\n";
163           open($f, ">:encoding(latin1)", "test.latin1");
164           print $f "Hello World!\n";
165           open($f, ">:encoding(utf8)", "test.utf8");
166           print $f "Hello World!\n";
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168       to get two files containing "Hello World!\n" in ASCII, EBCDIC, ISO
169       Latin-1 (in this example identical to ASCII) respective UTF-EBCDIC (in
170       this example identical to normal EBCDIC).  See the documentation of
171       Encode::PerlIO for details.
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173       As the PerlIO layer uses raw IO internally, all this totally ignores
174       the type of your filesystem (ASCII or EBCDIC) and the IO_CONVERSION
175       environment variable.  If you want to get the old behavior, that the
176       BS2000 IO functions determine conversion depending on the filesystem
177       PerlIO still is your friend.  You use IO_CONVERSION as usual and tell
178       Perl, that it should use the native IO layer:
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180           export IO_CONVERSION=YES
181           export PERLIO=stdio
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183       Now your IO would be ASCII on ASCII partitions and EBCDIC on EBCDIC
184       partitions.  See the documentation of PerlIO (without "Encode::"!)  for
185       further possibilities.
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AUTHORS

188       Thomas Dorner
189

SEE ALSO

191       INSTALL, perlport.
192
193   Mailing list
194       If you are interested in the z/OS (formerly known as OS/390) and POSIX-
195       BC (BS2000) ports of Perl then see the perl-mvs mailing list.  To
196       subscribe, send an empty message to perl-mvs-subscribe@perl.org.
197
198       See also:
199
200           https://lists.perl.org/list/perl-mvs.html
201
202       There are web archives of the mailing list at:
203
204           https://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.mvs/
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HISTORY

207       This document was originally written by Thomas Dorner for the 5.005
208       release of Perl.
209
210       This document was podified for the 5.6 release of perl 11 July 2000.
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214perl v5.36.3                      2023-11-30                     PERLBS2000(1)
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