1Cap(3) User Contributed Perl Documentation Cap(3)
2
6 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
7
9 require Term::Cap;
10 $terminal = Term::Cap->Tgetent({ TERM => undef, OSPEED => $ospeed });
11 $terminal->Trequire(qw/ce ku kd/);
12 $terminal->Tgoto('cm', $col, $row, $FH);
13 $terminal->Tputs('dl', $count, $FH);
14 $terminal->Tpad($string, $count, $FH);
15
17 These are low-level functions to extract and use capabilities from a
18 terminal capability (termcap) database.
19 More information on the terminal capabilities will be found in the
21 termcap manpage on most Unix-like systems.
22 METHODS
24 The output strings for Tputs are cached for counts of 1 for
25 performance. Tgoto and Tpad do not cache. "$self->{_xx}" is the raw
26 termcap data and "$self->{xx}" is the cached version.
27 print $terminal->Tpad($self->{_xx}, 1);
29 Tgoto, Tputs, and Tpad return the string and will also output the
31 string to $FH if specified.
32 Tgetent
34 Returns a blessed object reference which the user can then use to
35 send the control strings to the terminal using Tputs and Tgoto.
36 The function extracts the entry of the specified terminal type TERM
38 (defaults to the environment variable TERM) from the database.
39 It will look in the environment for a TERMCAP variable. If found,
41 and the value does not begin with a slash, and the terminal type
42 name is the same as the environment string TERM, the TERMCAP string
43 is used instead of reading a termcap file. If it does begin with a
44 slash, the string is used as a path name of the termcap file to
45 search. If TERMCAP does not begin with a slash and name is
46 different from TERM, Tgetent searches the files $HOME/.termcap,
47 /etc/termcap, and /usr/share/misc/termcap, in that order, unless
48 the environment variable TERMPATH exists, in which case it
49 specifies a list of file pathnames (separated by spaces or colons)
50 to be searched instead. Whenever multiple files are searched and a
51 tc field occurs in the requested entry, the entry it names must be
52 found in the same file or one of the succeeding files. If there is
53 a ":tc=...:" in the TERMCAP environment variable string it will
54 continue the search in the files as above.
55 The extracted termcap entry is available in the object as
57 "$self->{TERMCAP}".
58 It takes a hash reference as an argument with two optional keys:
60 OSPEED
62 The terminal output bit rate (often mistakenly called the baud
63 rate) for this terminal - if not set a warning will be generated
64 and it will be defaulted to 9600. OSPEED can be specified as
65 either a POSIX termios/SYSV termio speeds (where 9600 equals
66 9600) or an old DSD-style speed ( where 13 equals 9600).
67 TERM
69 The terminal type whose termcap entry will be used - if not
70 supplied it will default to $ENV{TERM}: if that is not set then
71 Tgetent will croak.
72 It calls "croak" on failure.
74 Tpad
76 Outputs a literal string with appropriate padding for the current
77 terminal.
78 It takes three arguments:
80 $string
82 The literal string to be output. If it starts with a number and
83 an optional '*' then the padding will be increased by an amount
84 relative to this number, if the '*' is present then this amount
85 will be multiplied by $cnt. This part of $string is removed
86 before output/
87 $cnt
89 Will be used to modify the padding applied to string as described
90 above.
91 $FH
93 An optional filehandle (or IO::Handle ) that output will be
94 printed to.
95 The padded $string is returned.
97 Tputs
99 Output the string for the given capability padded as appropriate
100 without any parameter substitution.
101 It takes three arguments:
103 $cap
105 The capability whose string is to be output.
106 $cnt
108 A count passed to Tpad to modify the padding applied to the
109 output string. If $cnt is zero or one then the resulting string
110 will be cached.
111 $FH
113 An optional filehandle (or IO::Handle ) that output will be
114 printed to.
115 The appropriate string for the capability will be returned.
117 Tgoto
119 Tgoto decodes a cursor addressing string with the given parameters.
120 There are four arguments:
122 $cap
124 The name of the capability to be output.
125 $col
127 The first value to be substituted in the output string ( usually
128 the column in a cursor addressing capability )
129 $row
131 The second value to be substituted in the output string (usually
132 the row in cursor addressing capabilities)
133 $FH
135 An optional filehandle (or IO::Handle ) to which the output
136 string will be printed.
137 Substitutions are made with $col and $row in the output string with
139 the following sprintf() line formats:
140 %% output `%'
142 %d output value as in printf %d
143 %2 output value as in printf %2d
144 %3 output value as in printf %3d
145 %. output value as in printf %c
146 %+x add x to value, then do %.
147 %>xy if value > x then add y, no output
149 %r reverse order of two parameters, no output
150 %i increment by one, no output
151 %B BCD (16*(value/10)) + (value%10), no output
152 %n exclusive-or all parameters with 0140 (Datamedia 2500)
154 %D Reverse coding (value - 2*(value%16)), no output (Delta Data)
155 The output string will be returned.
157 Trequire
159 Takes a list of capabilities as an argument and will croak if one
160 is not found.
161
163 use Term::Cap;
164 # Get terminal output speed
166 require POSIX;
167 my $termios = POSIX::Termios->new;
168 $termios->getattr;
169 my $ospeed = $termios->getospeed;
170 # Old-style ioctl code to get ospeed:
172 # require 'ioctl.pl';
173 # ioctl(TTY,$TIOCGETP,$sgtty);
174 # ($ispeed,$ospeed) = unpack('cc',$sgtty);
175 # allocate and initialize a terminal structure
177 my $terminal = Term::Cap->Tgetent({ TERM => undef, OSPEED => $ospeed });
178 # require certain capabilities to be available
180 $terminal->Trequire(qw/ce ku kd/);
181 # Output Routines, if $FH is undefined these just return the string
183 # Tgoto does the % expansion stuff with the given args
185 $terminal->Tgoto('cm', $col, $row, $FH);
186 # Tputs doesn't do any % expansion.
188 $terminal->Tputs('dl', $count = 1, $FH);
189
191 Copyright 1995-2015 (c) perl5 porters.
192 This software is free software and can be modified and distributed
194 under the same terms as Perl itself.
195 Please see the file README in the Perl source distribution for details
197 of the Perl license.
198
200 This module is part of the core Perl distribution and is also
201 maintained for CPAN by Jonathan Stowe <jns@gellyfish.co.uk>.
202 The code is hosted on Github: https://github.com/jonathanstowe/Term-Cap
204 please feel free to fork, submit patches etc, etc there.
205
207 termcap(5)
208perl v5.36.0 2023-02-13 Cap(3)