1GROFF_WWW(7) Miscellaneous Information Manual GROFF_WWW(7)
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6 groff_www - groff macros for authoring web pages
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10 groff -m www [option ...] [input-file ...]
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13 This manual page describes the GNU -mwww macro package, which is part
14 of the groff document formatting system. The manual page is very a
15 basic guide, and the HTML device driver (grohtml) has been completely
16 rewritten but still remains as in an alpha state. It has been included
17 into the distribution so that a lot of people have a chance to test it.
18 Note that this macro file is automatically called (via the troffrc
19 file) if you use -Thtml or -Txhtml.
20 To see the hyperlinks in action, please format this man page with the
22 grohtml device.
23 Here is a summary of the functions found in this macro set.
25 .JOBNAME split output into multiple files
27 .HX automatic heading level cut off
28 .BCL specify colours on a web page
29 .BGIMG specify background image
30 .URL create a URL using two parameters
31 .FTP create an FTP reference
32 .MTO create an HTML email address
33 .TAG generate an HTML name
34 .IMG include an image file
35 .PIMG include PNG image
36 .MPIMG place PNG on the margin and wrap text around it
37 .HnS begin heading
38 .HnE end heading
39 .LK emit automatically collected links.
40 .HR produce a horizontal rule
41 .NHR suppress automatic generation of rules.
42 .HTL only generate HTML title
43 .HEAD add data to <head> block
44 .ULS unorder list begin
45 .ULE unorder list end
46 .OLS ordered list begin
47 .OLE ordered list end
48 .DLS definition list begin
49 .DLE definition list end
50 .LI insert a list item
51 .DC generate a drop capital
52 .HTML pass an HTML raw request to the device driver
53 .CDS code example begin
54 .CDE code example end
55 .ALN place links on left of main text.
56 .LNS start a new two-column table with links in the left.
57 .LNE end the two-column table.
58 .LINKSTYLE initialize default URL attributes.
59 Output of the pic, eqn, refer, and tbl preprocessors is acceptable as
61 input.
62
64 .JOBNAME filename
65 Split output into multiple HTML files. A file is split whenever
66 a .SH or .NH 1 is encountered. Its argument is the file stem
67 name for future output files. This option is equivalent to
68 grohtml's -j option.
69 .HX n Specify the cut off depth when generating links from section
71 headings. For example, a parameter of 2 would cause grohtml to
72 generate a list of links for .NH 1 and .NH 2 but not for .NH 3.
73 Whereas
74 .HX 0
76 tells grohtml that no heading links should be created at all.
78 Another method for turning automatic headings off is by issuing
79 the command-line switch -P-l to groff.
80 .BCL foreground background active not-visited visited
82 This macro takes five parameters: foreground, background, active
83 hypertext link, hypertext link not yet visited, and visited
84 hypertext link colour.
85 .BGIMG imagefile
87 the only parameter to this macro is the background image file.
88 .URL url [description] [after]
90 generates a URL using either one, two or three arguments. The
91 first parameter is the actual URL, the second is the name of the
92 link, and the third is optional stuff to be printed immediately
93 afterwards. If description and after are absent then the URL
94 becomes the anchor text. Hyphenation is disabled while printing
95 the actual URL; explicit breakpoints should be inserted with the
96 \: escape. Here is how to encode foo ⟨http://foo.org/⟩:
97 .URL http://\:foo.\:org/ foo :
99 If this is processed by a device other than -Thtml or -Txhtml it
101 appears as:
102 foo ⟨http://foo.org⟩:
104 The URL macro can be of any type; for example we can reference
106 Eric Raymond's pic guide ⟨pic.html⟩ by:
107 .URL pic.html "Eric Raymond's pic guide"
109 .MTO address [description] [after]
111 Generate an email HTML reference. The first argument is manda‐
112 tory as the email address. The optional second argument is the
113 text you see in your browser. If an empty argument is given,
114 address is used instead. An optional third argument is stuff
115 printed immediately afterwards. Hyphenation is disabled while
116 printing the actual email address. For example, Joe User
117 ⟨joe@user.org⟩ can be achieved by the following macro:
118 .MTO joe@user.org "Joe User"
120 Note that all the URLs actually are treated as consuming no tex‐
122 tual space in groff. This could be considered as a bug since it
123 causes some problems. To circumvent this, www.tmac inserts a
124 zero-width character which expands to a harmless space (only if
125 run with -Thtml or -Txhtml).
126 .FTP url [description] [after]
128 indicates that data can be obtained via FTP. The first argument
129 is the URL and the second is the browser text. A third argu‐
130 ment, similar to the macros above, is intended for stuff printed
131 immediately afterwards. The second and the third parameter are
132 optional. Hyphenation is disabled while printing the actual
133 URL. As an example, here is the location of the GNU FTP server
134 ⟨ftp://ftp.gnu.org/⟩. The macro example above can be specified
135 as:
136 .FTP ftp://\:ftp.gnu.org/ "GNU FTP server" .
138 .TAG name
140 Generates an HTML name tag from its argument. This can then be
141 referenced using the URL ⟨#URL⟩ macro. As you can see, you must
142 precede the tag name with # since it is a local reference. This
143 link was achieved via placing a TAG in the URL description
144 above; the source looks like this:
145 .TP
147 .B URL
148 generates
149 .TAG URL
150 a URL using either two or three arguments.
151 ...
152 .IMG [-R|-L|-C] filename [width] [height]
154 Include a picture into the document. The first argument is the
155 horizontal location: right, left, or center (-R, -L, or -C).
156 Alignment is centered by default (-C). The second argument is
157 the filename. The optional third and fourth arguments are the
158 width and height. If the width is absent it defaults to 1 inch.
159 If the height is absent it defaults to the width. This maps
160 onto an HTML img tag. If you are including a PNG image then it
161 is advisable to use the PIMG macro.
162 .PIMG [-R|-L|-C] filename [width [height]]
164 Include an image in PNG format. This macro takes exactly the
165 same parameters as the IMG macro; it has the advantage of work‐
166 ing with PostScript and HTML devices also since it can automati‐
167 cally convert the image into the EPS format, using the following
168 programs of the netpbm package: pngtopnm, pnmcrop, and pnmtops.
169 If the document isn't processed with -Thtml or -Txhtml it is
170 necessary to use the -U option of groff.
171 .MPIMG [-R|-L] [-G gap] filename [width [height]]
173 Place a PNG image on the margin and wrap text around it. The
174 first parameters are optional. The alignment: left or right (-L
175 or -R) specifies the margin where the picture is placed at. The
176 default alignment is left (-L). Optionally, -G gap can be used
177 to arrange a gap between the picture and the text that wraps
178 around it. The default gap width is zero.
179 The first non-optional argument is the filename. The optional
180 following arguments are the width and height. If the width is
181 absent it defaults to 1 inch. If the height is absent it de‐
182 faults to the width. Example:
183 .MPIMG -L -G 2c foo.png 3c 1.5c
185 The height and width may also be given as percentages. The
187 PostScript device calculates the width from the .l register and
188 the height from the .p register. For example:
189 .MPIMG -L -G 2c foo.png 15%
191 .HnS n Begin heading. The numeric heading level n is specified by the
193 first parameter. Use this macro if your headings contain URL,
194 FTP or MTO macros. Example:
195 .HnS 1
197 .HR
198 GNU Troff
199 .URL http://groff.ffii.org (Groff)
200 — a
201 .URL http://www.gnu.org/ GNU
202 project.
203 Hosted by
204 .URL http://ffii.org/ FFII .
205 .HR
206 .HnE
207 In this case you might wish to disable automatic links to head‐
209 ings. This can be done via -P-l from the command line.
210 .HnE End heading.
212 .LK Force grohtml to place the automatically generated links at this
214 position. If this manual page has been processed with -Thtml or
215 -Txhtml those links can be seen right here.
216 .HR Generate a full-width horizontal rule for -Thtml and -Txhtml.
218 No effect for all other devices.
219 .NHR Suppress generation of the top and bottom rules which grohtml
221 emits by default.
222 .HTL Generate an HTML title only. This differs from the TL macro of
224 the ms macro package which generates both an HTML title and an
225 <H1> heading. Use it to provide an HTML title as search engine
226 fodder but a graphic title in the document. The macro termi‐
227 nates when a space or break is seen (.sp, .br).
228 .HEAD Add arbitrary HTML data to the <head> block. Ignored if not
230 processed with -Thtml or -Txhtml. Example:
231 .HEAD "<link \
233 rel=""icon"" \
234 type=""image/png"" \
235 href=""http://foo.org//bar.png""/>"
236 .HTML All text after this macro is treated as raw HTML. If the docu‐
238 ment is processed without -Thtml or -Txhtml then the macro is
239 ignored. Internally, this macro is used as a building block for
240 other higher-level macros.
241 For example, the BGIMG macro is defined as
243 .de BGIMG
245 . HTML <body background=\\$1>
246 ..
247 .DC l text [color]
249 Produce a drop capital. The first parameter is the letter to be
250 dropped and enlarged, the second parameter text is the adjoining
251 text whose height the first letter should not exceed. The op‐
252 tional third parameter is the color of the dropped letter. It
253 defaults to black.
254 .CDS Start displaying a code section in constant width font.
256 .CDE End code display
258 .ALN [color] [percentage]
260 Place section heading links automatically to the left of the
261 main text. The color argument is optional and if present indi‐
262 cates which HTML background color is to be used under the links.
263 The optional percentage indicates the amount of width to devote
264 to displaying the links. The default values are #eeeeee and 30
265 for color and percentage width, respectively. This macro should
266 only be called once at the beginning of the document. After
267 calling this macro each section heading emits an HTML table con‐
268 sisting of the links in the left and the section text on the
269 right.
270 .LNS Start a new two-column table with links in the left column.
272 This can be called if the document has text before the first .SH
273 and if .ALN is used. Typically this is called just before the
274 first paragraph and after the main title as it indicates that
275 text after this point should be positioned to the right of the
276 left-hand navigational links.
277 .LNE End a two-column table. This should be called at the end of the
279 document if .ALN was used.
280 .LINKSTYLE color [ fontstyle [ openglyph closeglyph ] ]
282 Initialize default URL attributes to be used if this macro set
283 is not used with the HTML device. The macro set initializes it‐
284 self with the following call
285 .LINKSTYLE blue CR \[la] \[ra]
287 but these values will be superseded by a user call to LINKSTYLE.
289
291 By default grohtml generates links to all section headings and places
292 these at the top of the HTML document. (See LINKS ⟨#LK⟩ for details of
293 how to switch this off or alter the position).
294
296 tbl information is currently rendered as a PNG image.
297
299 /usr/share/groff/1.22.4/tmac/www.tmac
300
302 The www macro package was written by Gaius Mulley ⟨gaius@glam.ac.uk⟩,
303 with additions by Werner Lemberg ⟨wl@gnu.org⟩ and Bernd Warken
304 ⟨groff-bernd.warken-72@web.de⟩.
305
307 groff(1), troff(1), grohtml(1), netpbm(1)
308groff 1.22.4 19 January 2023 GROFF_WWW(7)
