1DVILJ(1) TeX Live DVILJ(1)
2
6 dvilj4, dvilj4l, dvilj2p, dvilj - convert a TeX DVI file to PCL, for HP
7 LaserJet printers
8
10 dvilj [--Dnumber] [-ccopies] [-dmode] [-D] [-E] [-eoutputfile]
11 [-ffrompage] [-g] [-hheaderfile] [-l] [-Mflag] [-mmag] [-ppages]
12 [-q] [-r] [-ttopage] [-spagesize] [-v] [-Vmode] [-w] [-xxoff(mm)]
13 [-yyoff(mm)] [-Xxoff(dots)] [-Yyoff(dots)] [-z] [filename]
14
16 dvilj and siblings convert TeX-output ".dvi" files into PCL (the
17 Hewlett-Packard Printer Control Language) commands suitable for
18 printing on a HP LaserJet+, HP LaserJet IIP (using dvilj2p), HP
19 LaserJet 4 (using dvilj4), and fully compatible printers.
20 dvilj4 also provides support for the builtin Intellifont and TrueType
22 fonts; TFM and VF files are provided in the distribution. Virtual
23 fonts are not supported directly by dvilj, so you must run dvicopy(1)
24 first, or otherwise expand the virtual fonts
25 All programs are generated from one source file dvi2xx.c. They are
27 usually called via a shell script or as a line printer filter. One such
28 script, dvihp(1), is included in the distribution. It provides command-
29 line options similar to those of dvips(1).
30
32 --Dnumber
33 Debug according to the bits of number; see the kpathsea(3) manual
34 for values. Also turns on general verbosity.
35 -cnumber
37 Print each page number times (including original)
38 -dnumber
40 print in duplex mode. The option -d1 means long edge binding, -d2
41 stands for short edge binding. This option is only selectable in
42 dvilj4 and dvilj2p.
43 -D[-12]
45 Double-sided printing - see below; -D1 prints odd sides only, -D2
46 is for even pages, a trailing - suppresses printing of empty
47 padding pages.
48 -E Switch printer into econo mode (dvilj4 only).
50 -eoutfile
52 Send output to outfile instead of the basename of dvi file extended
53 with ".lj". If outfile is - (as in "-e-") the output is directed to
54 standard output and can be directly piped into a spooler.
55 -fpagenum
57 Print pages with TeX page numbers greater than or equal to pagenum.
58 -g Go mode: do not reset printer at start of job.
60 -hheaderfile
62 Copy headerfile to output before translation of the DVI file. Used
63 to send arbitrary commands to the laserprinter.
64 -l Print output in landscape mode; supported only by dvilj2p and
66 dvilj4.
67 -Mflag
69 Do (not) call mktexpk(1) to generate fonts on demand. -M1 and -M
70 are equivalent. -M0 enables invoking mktexpk(1). (This is the same
71 as in dvips(1).) The default behavior (i.e., if no -M option is
72 given) is chosen at compile-time; as distributed, mktexpk is
73 enabled.
74 -mmagnification
76 Specify the magnification to use. The following are available:
77 -m#usermag e.g., #900
79 -m0 equivalent to -m#1000
80 -mh equivalent to -m#1095
81 -m1 equivalent to -m#1200
82 -mq equivalent to -m#1250
83 -m2 equivalent to -m#1440
84 -m3 equivalent to -m#1728
85 -m4 equivalent to -m#2074
86 -m5 equivalent to -m#2488
87 -ppagecount
89 Print pagecount pages after the starting page.
90 -q Quiet operation: omit final statistics, etc.
92 -r Toggle page reversal.
94 -spagesize
96 Specify the page size:
97 -s1: Executive (7.25" x 10.5")
99 -s2: Letter (8.5" x 11")
100 -s3: Legal (8.5" x 14")
101 -s6: Ledger (11" x 17")
102 -s25: A5 paper (148mm x 210mm)
103 -s26: A4 paper (210mm x 297mm)
104 -s27: A3 (297mm x 420mm)
105 -s45: JIS B5 paper (182mm x 257mm)
106 -s46: JIS B4 paper (250mm x 354mm)
107 -s71: Hagaki postcard (100mm x 148mm)
108 -s72: Oufuku-Hagaki postcard (200mm x 148mm)
109 -s80: Monarch Envelope (3 7/8" x 7 1/2")
110 -s81: Commercial Envelope 10 (4 1/8" x 9 1/2")
111 -s90: International DL (110mm x 220mm)
112 -s91: International C5 (162mm x 229mm)
113 -s100: International B5 (176mm x 250mm)
114 These values are from the PCL 5 technical reference manual. If the
116 -s commandline option is omitted, no clipping is performed at the
117 bottom of the page. (But printing below the paper bottom should not
118 disturb any correctly behaving PCL printer.) Please remember that
119 the correct paper tray must be installed for selected paper size,
120 so use this option only if you have full control over your print
121 destination.
122 -tpagenum
124 Print pages with TeX page numbers less than or equal to pagenum.
125 -v Verbose mode: list fonts used, etc.
127 -Vmode
129 Compatibility mode. As mode, use "K" for Kyocera, "B" for Brother,
130 6 for LJ6 printers.
131 -w Omit warnings.
133 -xoffset
135 Global x-offset in mm on output page relative to 1 inch/1 inch
136 origin.
137 -yoffset
139 Global y-offset in mm on output page relative to 1 inch/1 inch
140 origin.
141 -Xoffset
143 Global x-offset in dots on output page (overrides 1 inch/1 inch
144 origin).
145 -Yoffset
147 Global y-offset in dots on output page (overrides 1 inch/1 inch
148 origin).
149 -z Print a test page with the page counter at end of job.
151
153 If no operands are specified a brief usage message is displayed.
154 filename
156 The DVI file name that shall be converted by dvilj. It must always
157 be seekable.
158 The output file name is constructed from filename. Either an
160 extension ".dvi" is replaced by ".lj", or the extension ".lj" is
161 appended.
162 If filename is -, the DVI file is read from standard input and the
164 resulting PCL document is written to standard output. (Please
165 remember that the DVI file must be seekable, even if it's stdin.)
166
168 "\special" commands supported by dvilj have the generic syntax
169 \special{key1=value key1="value with space"}
171 \special{key3 = value key4 = 'note optional spaces around equal sign'}
172 I.e., specials are a sequence of key/value pairs, separated by an equal
174 sign. Spaces around the equal sign are ignored. The value is either a
175 space separated word, or a quoted string. Both double and single quotes
176 can be used, alternatively. There is no support for quoting quote
177 characters in values; if you want both double and single quotes in one
178 value, you're out of luck.
179 The following key/value combinations are valid:
181 hpfile=file
183 Insert file at the current position. file is searched with
184 kpathsea(3), see below.
185 The file content must be valid for this printer, i.e., it should
187 contain PCL escape sequences or HP-GL/2 commands. If the file is a
188 graphics file, this typically means that the upper left corner of
189 the graphics is placed at the current position.
190 PCL absolute positioning escape sequences in file are rewritten to
192 be relative positioning commands; the lowest appearing coordinate
193 is used as reference.
194 hpfile_verbatim=file
196 Insert file verbatim at the current position, without any changes
197 of the file content. file is searched with kpathsea(3), see below.
198 This is mostly used to keep absolute positions in PCL files.
200 psfile=file llx=x0 lly=y0 urx=x1 ury=y1 rwi=s
202 Convert PostScript file file to HP PCL, by Ghostscript with device
203 "ljetplus", and insert the resulting graphics file at the current
204 position, rewriting absolute position escape sequences. file is
205 searched with kpathsea(3), see below.
206 The accompanying key/value pairs are mandatory, they can be
208 specified in an arbitrary order. Values x0, x1, y0, y1, and s are
209 integers. (x0,y0) is the lower left corner, (x1,y1) the upper right
210 corner of the image.
211 Please note: The specific semantics of this special is not known.
213 In particular, the rwi parameter is some scale factor; but even
214 looking at the source code it is not quite clear what the special's
215 author intended to implement here. In addition, it is unclear what
216 dimensions are used to specify the corners, PostScript points or
217 PCL dots.
218 If you happen to know the psfile semantics, or if you spent the
220 work analyzing them, please inform us at tex-k@tug.org, so that we
221 can update this man page with the relevant information.
222 dvilj-psfile-syntax=syntax
224 where syntax is either "dvilj" or "ignore". This is a very crude
225 way to tell the driver what to do with psfile specials.
226 If the value is "ignore", all psfile specials that are processed
228 afterwards are ignored, until the next dvilj-psfile-syntax special
229 is processed.
230 If the value is "dvilj", psfiles specials are processed as
232 explained above, until the next dvilj-psfile-syntax special is
233 processed.
234 An obvious, planned, extension is the value "dvips", but this has
236 not been implemented yet.
237 That special is not as simple as it sounds at first. Since its
239 semantics is defined by processing order, it is only of use if it
240 is placed on the same page as the psfile special. Having it once in
241 a file (e.g., on the first page) does not help if you print just
242 one page of the document -- dvilj does not do prescanning of first-
243 page specials like some other drivers do. (Patches would be
244 welcome, of course.)
245 comment=arbitrary text
247 comment arbitrary text
248 This causes the rest of the special to be ignored; it may be used
249 to add meta-information to a DVI file.
250 With the first form, the comment may appear anywhere in the
252 special. When it appears first, the processing of this special is
253 terminated and all other text behind is ignored.
254 The second form is a speciality that has been introduced for
256 compatibility with other drivers. If the first keyword of the
257 special is comment and has no value, it is taken as a valid comment
258 syntax, too; the rest of the special is ignored.
259 orientation=po
261 Position the page on the physical paper. The value po may be one of
262 the following values:
263 0 for portrait
265 1 for landscape
266 2 for reverse portrait
267 3 for reverse landscape
268 defpoint=n(x,y)
270 Define the point number n. This point can be referred to later in
271 other special commands to specify areas that shall be filled with
272 some pattern. n must be between 0 and 79.
273 x and y are the position of that point and have the form "?pt"
275 where "?" is a floating point number. The positions are relative to
276 the DVI page origin; i.e., coordinates increase moving right and
277 down, the point of origin is (1in,1in) in the upper left corner,
278 altered by options -x, -y, -X, and -Y, but not by \hoffset and
279 \voffset.
280 x and y can be omitted, i.e., the values 3 or "4(,)" are valid.
282 Then the current page position is used as position for point n.
283 resetpoints="all"
285 This undefines all points again.
286 gray=gray_scale
288 grey=gray_scale
289 This sets the fill mode for the next fill special, the area will be
290 filled with gray color. (grey is an alias for gray.) Any pattern
291 specification is reset.
292 gray_scale is the percentage of gray that shall be used here; with
294 0 meaning white and 100 meaning black.
295 Caveat: That special is actually a misnomer. PCL names these gray
297 scales shading patterns and they are created by placing dots in the
298 area. The gray scale selects how far spread the dots are. In the
299 lower ranges, this doesn't look very gray on close sight, but more
300 like a dotted background. Furthermore, the gray scales are not as
301 fine-grained as the value range 0..100 might make you believe. In
302 reality, there are only 8 different gray patterns available:
303 1 - 2%
305 3 - 10%
306 11 - 20%
307 21 - 35%
308 36 - 55%
309 56 - 80%
310 81 - 99%
311 100%
312 One of these patterns is selected according to the gray_scale
314 value.
315 pattern=pat
317 This sets the fill mode for the next fill special, the area will be
318 filled with a pattern. Any gray color specification is reset.
319 pat is one of the following values:
321 1 horizontal lines
323 2 vertical lines
324 3 diagonal lines, from lower left corner to upper right corner
325 4 diagonal lines, from upper right corner to lower left corner
326 5 crossed lines, vertically
327 6 crossed lines, diagonally
328 fill=a/b
330 Fill the area between the points a and b, according to the current
331 fill mode.
332 Point a must be the upper left corner and point b must be the lower
334 left corner of the rectangle. Otherwise the result is garbage.
335 The default fill mode is 10% gray color filling.
337 filename
339 This is a legacy special, its use is depreciated. If the special is
340 just one word that names an existing file, that file is verbatim
341 included. Contrary to other file inclusion means, the file is not
342 searched with kpathsea(3). You are not supposed to use this special
343 and we won't fix any problems with it.
344 It should be noted that the special parser does sometimes accept
346 constructs that are not valid as in the documentation above. Then, the
347 output is most often damaged in some way.
348 Searching for Included Files
350 Proper file include specials search the file with kpathsea(3). The
351 search path is configured by variable "DVILJINPUTS" and, if the file is
352 not found in that search path, by variable "TEXINPUTS".
353 Search via "DVILJINPUTS" covers the use case that one has common site-
355 wide graphics that shall be included in documents, e.g., scanned
356 signatures. Search via "TEXINPUTS" covers the use case that one has
357 graphics as part of ones current document.
358 "dvilj" is used as the ".PROGRAM" name in texmf.cnf, for all driver
360 variants, independent of the actual program name.
361 Unknown Specials and "TEX_HUSH" configuration
363 Kpathsea(3) has the concept of warning suppression with the
364 configuration variable "TEX_HUSH", please refer to its Info node TeX
365 support / Suppressing warnings. That variable holds a colon-separated
366 identifiers that specifies the to-be-suppressed warnings.
367 If "special" is among the listed values, dvilj does not output warnings
369 any more about specials that it doesn't know about. But if there is a
370 recognized special and if that special has an invalid parameter, then a
371 warning is output nevertheless, independent of the content of
372 "TEX_HUSH".
373
375 If the printer has a duplex unit installed, duplex printing can be
376 demanded with the -d option.
377 Otherwise, the command line option -D causes the printer to print in
379 doublepage mode, that is, roughly speaking, printing first the even
380 pages and then the odd pages of a document. If -D is used to print both
381 even and odd pages (-D is used without the optional 1 or 2) the
382 following will happen after half of the pages is printed: LJ: the
383 printer stops, shows message "FEED" and switches on manual feed led.
384 The printer continues when either the printed pages are fed into the
385 manual page feeder, or the operator pushes the continue button (after
386 placing first the printed pages into the paper tray).
387 If -D1 was specified only odd pages will be printed, -D2 can be used
389 for even pages. A trailing "-" (as in -D-, -D1- or -D2-) suppresses
390 printing of empty pages which are generated for padding otherwise.
391 The driver allows the -D option for both print-directions (front-to-
393 back or back-to-front printing). It tries to be clever in certain
394 cases: when a document has an odd number of pages it inserts in the
395 right place an empty page when a document starts with page 0 the driver
396 inserts an empty page after the 0-page when a piece of a document is
397 printed that starts with an even page-number it prints this page at the
398 backside of the first page to ensure that the odd sides are always on
399 the frontside. The 0-page is treated like an odd page.
400 The doubleside option works for all LJs, not only for the new D model
402 with does doubleside-printing (actually, I don't know whether it makes
403 much sense on the new LJ II D at all).
404 Caveat on the doubleside-option: When it is used frequently or on very
406 large files, it might become necessary to clean the printer much more
407 frequently.
408 The command line option -pX can be used to abort printing after the
410 output of X pages (can lead to strange results together with -D). I
411 personally dislike this option. The secure way of printing a part of a
412 document is using -f (from) and -t (to).
413
415 dvilj uses the same environment variables and algorithms for finding
416 font files as TeX and its friends do. See the documentation for the
417 kpathsea(3) library for details. (Repeating it here is too cumbersome.)
418 "DVILJFONTS"
420 If set, overrides all other font paths.
421 "DVILJMAKEPK"
423 If set, overrides mktexpk(1) as the name of the command to execute
424 to create a PK file if one isn't found.
425 "DVILJSIZES"
427 May be set to indicate which sizes of fonts are available. It
428 should consist of a list of numbers separated by colons. If the
429 list begins with a colon, the system default sizes are used, as
430 well. Sizes are expressed in dots per inch; decimals may be used
431 for "pxl" files: for example, a 300 dots per inch file magnified by
432 half a step comes out to 1643 dots per five inches, which should be
433 encoded as 328.6. dvilj tries the actual size of the font before
434 trying any of the given sizes.
435 "DVILJINPUTS"
437 Primary search path for include files.
438 "TEXINPUTS"
440 Secondary search path for include files.
441 "TEX_HUSH"
443 Colon separated list of identifiers that name situations where no
444 warning shall be output. The following identifiers are used:
445 checksum suppress mismatched font checksum warnings
447 readable suppress warnings about unreadable files
448 special suppress warnings about unknown specials
449 all suppress all warning classes above
450 none suppress no warnings
451 "KPATHSEA_DEBUG"
453 Trace kpathsea(3) lookups; set to -1 for complete tracing.
454 "GS_PATH"
456 On Windows, this may be the path to Ghostscript; there the default
457 is gswin32c.exe.
458 On Unix, this environment variable is not used. Ghostscript is
460 called as gs(1) and must be found over $PATH.
461
463 dvihp(1), dvicopy(1), dvips(1), xdvi(1), mktexpk(1), gs(1), kpathsea(3)
464 Email bug reports to tex-k@tug.org.
466 Source is at <http://mirror.ctan.org/dviware/dviljk/>; but for
468 compilation the texk build environment is needed, from
469 <svn://tug.org/texlive/*/Build/source>.
470 As of July 2007, PCL reference documentation is found at HP's Web site
472 at
473 <http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bizsupport/TechSupport/Document.jsp?objectID=bpl04568>.
474 At the end of that page are links to reference manuals for PCL and PJL.
475 In case that page is changed, here are the URLs of these documents.
477 All have the form
478 <http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bc/docs/support/SupportManual/bpl<ID>/bpl<ID>.pdf>,
479 where "<ID>" is the following document ID:
480 13205
482 PCL 5 Technical Quick Reference Guide. This is the 1st thing to
483 look up if you have questions about PCL escape sequences.
484 13210 and 13211
486 PCL 5 Technical Reference Manual (part I and II). This is the fully
487 detailed explanation that you need to look up if you don't
488 understand how the printer works. Part I is the actual manual, part
489 II explains HP-GL/2 and has overall tips.
490 13208 and 13207
492 PJL Technical Reference Manual (and addendum)
493 13212
495 PCL 5 Color Manual. This explains color specials for the newer HP
496 printers. (Not of much use today; for practical purposes we would
497 need to add color specials to dvilj first.)
498 13206 and 13209
500 Comparison Guide (and addendum) that documents which PCL escape
501 sequences are supported on which HP printers.
502
504 dvi2xx by Gustaf Neumann, Wirtschaftsuniversitaet Wien.
505 dviljk fork by Karl Berry.
507 Joachim Schrod <jschrod@acm.org> supplied security fixes and updated
509 this man page.
510 dviljk is currently maintained as part of TeX Live.
512
514 dvi2xx is public domain software. dviljk changes are covered by the GNU
515 General Public License.
516Version 2.6p5 2022-08-30 DVILJ(1)