1PERL5120DELTA(1) Perl Programmers Reference Guide PERL5120DELTA(1)
2
6 perl5120delta - what is new for perl v5.12.0
7
9 This document describes differences between the 5.10.0 release and the
10 5.12.0 release.
11 Many of the bug fixes in 5.12.0 are already included in the 5.10.1
13 maintenance release.
14 You can see the list of those changes in the 5.10.1 release notes
16 (perl5101delta).
17
19 New "package NAME VERSION" syntax
20 This new syntax allows a module author to set the $VERSION of a
21 namespace when the namespace is declared with 'package'. It eliminates
22 the need for "our $VERSION = ..." and similar constructs. E.g.
23 package Foo::Bar 1.23;
25 # $Foo::Bar::VERSION == 1.23
26 There are several advantages to this:
28 • $VERSION is parsed in exactly the same way as "use NAME VERSION"
30 • $VERSION is set at compile time
32 • $VERSION is a version object that provides proper overloading of
34 comparison operators so comparing $VERSION to decimal (1.23) or
35 dotted-decimal (v1.2.3) version numbers works correctly.
36 • Eliminates "$VERSION = ..." and "eval $VERSION" clutter
38 • As it requires VERSION to be a numeric literal or v-string literal,
40 it can be statically parsed by toolchain modules without "eval" the
41 way MM->parse_version does for "$VERSION = ..."
42 It does not break old code with only "package NAME", but code that uses
44 "package NAME VERSION" will need to be restricted to perl 5.12.0 or
45 newer This is analogous to the change to "open" from two-args to three-
46 args. Users requiring the latest Perl will benefit, and perhaps after
47 several years, it will become a standard practice.
48 However, "package NAME VERSION" requires a new, 'strict' version number
50 format. See "Version number formats" for details.
51 The "..." operator
53 A new operator, "...", nicknamed the Yada Yada operator, has been
54 added. It is intended to mark placeholder code that is not yet
55 implemented. See "Yada Yada Operator" in perlop.
56 Implicit strictures
58 Using the "use VERSION" syntax with a version number greater or equal
59 to 5.11.0 will lexically enable strictures just like "use strict" would
60 do (in addition to enabling features.) The following:
61 use 5.12.0;
63 means:
65 use strict;
67 use feature ':5.12';
68 Unicode improvements
70 Perl 5.12 comes with Unicode 5.2, the latest version available to us at
71 the time of release. This version of Unicode was released in October
72 2009. See <http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.2.0> for further
73 details about what's changed in this version of the standard. See
74 perlunicode for instructions on installing and using other versions of
75 Unicode.
76 Additionally, Perl's developers have significantly improved Perl's
78 Unicode implementation. For full details, see "Unicode overhaul" below.
79 Y2038 compliance
81 Perl's core time-related functions are now Y2038 compliant. (It may not
82 mean much to you, but your kids will love it!)
83 qr overloading
85 It is now possible to overload the "qr//" operator, that is, conversion
86 to regexp, like it was already possible to overload conversion to
87 boolean, string or number of objects. It is invoked when an object
88 appears on the right hand side of the "=~" operator or when it is
89 interpolated into a regexp. See overload.
90 Pluggable keywords
92 Extension modules can now cleanly hook into the Perl parser to define
93 new kinds of keyword-headed expression and compound statement. The
94 syntax following the keyword is defined entirely by the extension. This
95 allows a completely non-Perl sublanguage to be parsed inline, with the
96 correct ops cleanly generated.
97 See "PL_keyword_plugin" in perlapi for the mechanism. The Perl core
99 source distribution also includes a new module XS::APItest::KeywordRPN,
100 which implements reverse Polish notation arithmetic via pluggable
101 keywords. This module is mainly used for test purposes, and is not
102 normally installed, but also serves as an example of how to use the new
103 mechanism.
104 Perl's developers consider this feature to be experimental. We may
106 remove it or change it in a backwards-incompatible way in Perl 5.14.
107 APIs for more internals
109 The lowest layers of the lexer and parts of the pad system now have C
110 APIs available to XS extensions. These are necessary to support proper
111 use of pluggable keywords, but have other uses too. The new APIs are
112 experimental, and only cover a small proportion of what would be
113 necessary to take full advantage of the core's facilities in these
114 areas. It is intended that the Perl 5.13 development cycle will see the
115 addition of a full range of clean, supported interfaces.
116 Perl's developers consider this feature to be experimental. We may
118 remove it or change it in a backwards-incompatible way in Perl 5.14.
119 Overridable function lookup
121 Where an extension module hooks the creation of rv2cv ops to modify the
122 subroutine lookup process, this now works correctly for bareword
123 subroutine calls. This means that prototypes on subroutines referenced
124 this way will be processed correctly. (Previously bareword subroutine
125 names were initially looked up, for parsing purposes, by an unhookable
126 mechanism, so extensions could only properly influence subroutine names
127 that appeared with an "&" sigil.)
128 A proper interface for pluggable Method Resolution Orders
130 As of Perl 5.12.0 there is a new interface for plugging and using
131 method resolution orders other than the default linear depth first
132 search. The C3 method resolution order added in 5.10.0 has been re-
133 implemented as a plugin, without changing its Perl-space interface. See
134 perlmroapi for more information.
135 "\N" experimental regex escape
137 Perl now supports "\N", a new regex escape which you can think of as
138 the inverse of "\n". It will match any character that is not a newline,
139 independently from the presence or absence of the single line match
140 modifier "/s". It is not usable within a character class. "\N{3}"
141 means to match 3 non-newlines; "\N{5,}" means to match at least 5.
142 "\N{NAME}" still means the character or sequence named "NAME", but
143 "NAME" no longer can be things like 3, or "5,".
144 This will break a custom charnames translator which allows numbers for
146 character names, as "\N{3}" will now mean to match 3 non-newline
147 characters, and not the character whose name is 3. (No name defined by
148 the Unicode standard is a number, so only custom translators might be
149 affected.)
150 Perl's developers are somewhat concerned about possible user confusion
152 with the existing "\N{...}" construct which matches characters by their
153 Unicode name. Consequently, this feature is experimental. We may remove
154 it or change it in a backwards-incompatible way in Perl 5.14.
155 DTrace support
157 Perl now has some support for DTrace. See "DTrace support" in INSTALL.
158 Support for "configure_requires" in CPAN module metadata
160 Both "CPAN" and "CPANPLUS" now support the "configure_requires" keyword
161 in the META.yml metadata file included in most recent CPAN
162 distributions. This allows distribution authors to specify
163 configuration prerequisites that must be installed before running
164 Makefile.PL or Build.PL.
165 See the documentation for "ExtUtils::MakeMaker" or "Module::Build" for
167 more on how to specify "configure_requires" when creating a
168 distribution for CPAN.
169 "each", "keys", "values" are now more flexible
171 The "each", "keys", "values" function can now operate on arrays.
172 "when" as a statement modifier
174 "when" is now allowed to be used as a statement modifier.
175 $, flexibility
177 The variable $, may now be tied.
178 // in when clauses
180 // now behaves like || in when clauses
181 Enabling warnings from your shell environment
183 You can now set "-W" from the "PERL5OPT" environment variable
184 "delete local"
186 "delete local" now allows you to locally delete a hash entry.
187 New support for Abstract namespace sockets
189 Abstract namespace sockets are Linux-specific socket type that live in
190 AF_UNIX family, slightly abusing it to be able to use arbitrary
191 character arrays as addresses: They start with nul byte and are not
192 terminated by nul byte, but with the length passed to the socket()
193 system call.
194 32-bit limit on substr arguments removed
196 The 32-bit limit on "substr" arguments has now been removed. The full
197 range of the system's signed and unsigned integers is now available for
198 the "pos" and "len" arguments.
199
201 Deprecations warn by default
202 Over the years, Perl's developers have deprecated a number of language
203 features for a variety of reasons. Perl now defaults to issuing a
204 warning if a deprecated language feature is used. Many of the
205 deprecations Perl now warns you about have been deprecated for many
206 years. You can find a list of what was deprecated in a given release
207 of Perl in the "perl5xxdelta.pod" file for that release.
208 To disable this feature in a given lexical scope, you should use "no
210 warnings 'deprecated';" For information about which language features
211 are deprecated and explanations of various deprecation warnings, please
212 see perldiag. See "Deprecations" below for the list of features and
213 modules Perl's developers have deprecated as part of this release.
214 Version number formats
216 Acceptable version number formats have been formalized into "strict"
217 and "lax" rules. "package NAME VERSION" takes a strict version number.
218 "UNIVERSAL::VERSION" and the version object constructors take lax
219 version numbers. Providing an invalid version will result in a fatal
220 error. The version argument in "use NAME VERSION" is first parsed as a
221 numeric literal or v-string and then passed to "UNIVERSAL::VERSION"
222 (and must then pass the "lax" format test).
223 These formats are documented fully in the version module. To a first
225 approximation, a "strict" version number is a positive decimal number
226 (integer or decimal-fraction) without exponentiation or else a dotted-
227 decimal v-string with a leading 'v' character and at least three
228 components. A "lax" version number allows v-strings with fewer than
229 three components or without a leading 'v'. Under "lax" rules, both
230 decimal and dotted-decimal versions may have a trailing "alpha"
231 component separated by an underscore character after a fractional or
232 dotted-decimal component.
233 The version module adds "version::is_strict" and "version::is_lax"
235 functions to check a scalar against these rules.
236 @INC reorganization
238 In @INC, "ARCHLIB" and "PRIVLIB" now occur after the current version's
239 "site_perl" and "vendor_perl". Modules installed into "site_perl" and
240 "vendor_perl" will now be loaded in preference to those installed in
241 "ARCHLIB" and "PRIVLIB".
242 REGEXPs are now first class
244 Internally, Perl now treats compiled regular expressions (such as those
245 created with "qr//") as first class entities. Perl modules which
246 serialize, deserialize or otherwise have deep interaction with Perl's
247 internal data structures need to be updated for this change. Most
248 affected CPAN modules have already been updated as of this writing.
249 Switch statement changes
251 The "given"/"when" switch statement handles complex statements better
252 than Perl 5.10.0 did (These enhancements are also available in 5.10.1
253 and subsequent 5.10 releases.) There are two new cases where "when" now
254 interprets its argument as a boolean, instead of an expression to be
255 used in a smart match:
256 flip-flop operators
258 The ".." and "..." flip-flop operators are now evaluated in boolean
259 context, following their usual semantics; see "Range Operators" in
260 perlop.
261 Note that, as in perl 5.10.0, "when (1..10)" will not work to test
263 whether a given value is an integer between 1 and 10; you should
264 use "when ([1..10])" instead (note the array reference).
265 However, contrary to 5.10.0, evaluating the flip-flop operators in
267 boolean context ensures it can now be useful in a when(), notably
268 for implementing bistable conditions, like in:
269 when (/^=begin/ .. /^=end/) {
271 # do something
272 }
273 defined-or operator
275 A compound expression involving the defined-or operator, as in
276 "when (expr1 // expr2)", will be treated as boolean if the first
277 expression is boolean. (This just extends the existing rule that
278 applies to the regular or operator, as in "when (expr1 || expr2)".)
279 Smart match changes
281 Since Perl 5.10.0, Perl's developers have made a number of changes to
282 the smart match operator. These, of course, also alter the behaviour of
283 the switch statements where smart matching is implicitly used. These
284 changes were also made for the 5.10.1 release, and will remain in
285 subsequent 5.10 releases.
286 Changes to type-based dispatch
288 The smart match operator "~~" is no longer commutative. The behaviour
290 of a smart match now depends primarily on the type of its right hand
291 argument. Moreover, its semantics have been adjusted for greater
292 consistency or usefulness in several cases. While the general backwards
293 compatibility is maintained, several changes must be noted:
294 • Code references with an empty prototype are no longer treated
296 specially. They are passed an argument like the other code
297 references (even if they choose to ignore it).
298 • "%hash ~~ sub {}" and "@array ~~ sub {}" now test that the
300 subroutine returns a true value for each key of the hash (or
301 element of the array), instead of passing the whole hash or array
302 as a reference to the subroutine.
303 • Due to the commutativity breakage, code references are no longer
305 treated specially when appearing on the left of the "~~" operator,
306 but like any vulgar scalar.
307 • "undef ~~ %hash" is always false (since "undef" can't be a key in a
309 hash). No implicit conversion to "" is done (as was the case in
310 perl 5.10.0).
311 • "$scalar ~~ @array" now always distributes the smart match across
313 the elements of the array. It's true if one element in @array
314 verifies "$scalar ~~ $element". This is a generalization of the old
315 behaviour that tested whether the array contained the scalar.
316 The full dispatch table for the smart match operator is given in "Smart
318 matching in detail" in perlsyn.
319 Smart match and overloading
321 According to the rule of dispatch based on the rightmost argument type,
323 when an object overloading "~~" appears on the right side of the
324 operator, the overload routine will always be called (with a 3rd
325 argument set to a true value, see overload.) However, when the object
326 will appear on the left, the overload routine will be called only when
327 the rightmost argument is a simple scalar. This way, distributivity of
328 smart match across arrays is not broken, as well as the other
329 behaviours with complex types (coderefs, hashes, regexes). Thus,
330 writers of overloading routines for smart match mostly need to worry
331 only with comparing against a scalar, and possibly with stringification
332 overloading; the other common cases will be automatically handled
333 consistently.
334 "~~" will now refuse to work on objects that do not overload it (in
336 order to avoid relying on the object's underlying structure). (However,
337 if the object overloads the stringification or the numification
338 operators, and if overload fallback is active, it will be used instead,
339 as usual.)
340 Other potentially incompatible changes
342 • The definitions of a number of Unicode properties have changed to
343 match those of the current Unicode standard. These are listed above
344 under "Unicode overhaul". This change may break code that expects
345 the old definitions.
346 • The boolkeys op has moved to the group of hash ops. This breaks
348 binary compatibility.
349 • Filehandles are now always blessed into "IO::File".
351 The previous behaviour was to bless Filehandles into FileHandle (an
353 empty proxy class) if it was loaded into memory and otherwise to
354 bless them into "IO::Handle".
355 • The semantics of "use feature :5.10*" have changed slightly. See
357 "Modules and Pragmata" for more information.
358 • Perl's developers now use git, rather than Perforce. This should
360 be a purely internal change only relevant to people actively
361 working on the core. However, you may see minor difference in perl
362 as a consequence of the change. For example in some of details of
363 the output of "perl -V". See perlrepository for more information.
364 • As part of the "Test::Harness" 2.x to 3.x upgrade, the experimental
366 "Test::Harness::Straps" module has been removed. See "Modules and
367 Pragmata" for more details.
368 • As part of the "ExtUtils::MakeMaker" upgrade, the
370 "ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes" and "ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish"
371 modules have been removed from this distribution.
372 • "Module::CoreList" no longer contains the %:patchlevel hash.
374 • "length undef" now returns undef.
376 • Unsupported private C API functions are now declared "static" to
378 prevent leakage to Perl's public API.
379 • To support the bootstrapping process, miniperl no longer builds
381 with UTF-8 support in the regexp engine.
382 This allows a build to complete with PERL_UNICODE set and a UTF-8
384 locale. Without this there's a bootstrapping problem, as miniperl
385 can't load the UTF-8 components of the regexp engine, because
386 they're not yet built.
387 • miniperl's @INC is now restricted to just "-I...", the split of
389 $ENV{PERL5LIB}, and "".""
390 • A space or a newline is now required after a "#line XXX" directive.
392 • Tied filehandles now have an additional method EOF which provides
394 the EOF type.
395 • To better match all other flow control statements, "foreach" may no
397 longer be used as an attribute.
398 • Perl's command-line switch "-P", which was deprecated in version
400 5.10.0, has now been removed. The CPAN module "Filter::cpp" can be
401 used as an alternative.
402
404 From time to time, Perl's developers find it necessary to deprecate
405 features or modules we've previously shipped as part of the core
406 distribution. We are well aware of the pain and frustration that a
407 backwards-incompatible change to Perl can cause for developers building
408 or maintaining software in Perl. You can be sure that when we deprecate
409 a functionality or syntax, it isn't a choice we make lightly.
410 Sometimes, we choose to deprecate functionality or syntax because it
411 was found to be poorly designed or implemented. Sometimes, this is
412 because they're holding back other features or causing performance
413 problems. Sometimes, the reasons are more complex. Wherever possible,
414 we try to keep deprecated functionality available to developers in its
415 previous form for at least one major release. So long as a deprecated
416 feature isn't actively disrupting our ability to maintain and extend
417 Perl, we'll try to leave it in place as long as possible.
418 The following items are now deprecated:
420 suidperl
422 "suidperl" is no longer part of Perl. It used to provide a
423 mechanism to emulate setuid permission bits on systems that don't
424 support it properly.
425 Use of ":=" to mean an empty attribute list
427 An accident of Perl's parser meant that these constructions were
428 all equivalent:
429 my $pi := 4;
431 my $pi : = 4;
432 my $pi : = 4;
433 with the ":" being treated as the start of an attribute list, which
435 ends before the "=". As whitespace is not significant here, all are
436 parsed as an empty attribute list, hence all the above are
437 equivalent to, and better written as
438 my $pi = 4;
440 because no attribute processing is done for an empty list.
442 As is, this meant that ":=" cannot be used as a new token, without
444 silently changing the meaning of existing code. Hence that
445 particular form is now deprecated, and will become a syntax error.
446 If it is absolutely necessary to have empty attribute lists (for
447 example, because of a code generator) then avoid the warning by
448 adding a space before the "=".
449 "UNIVERSAL->import()"
451 The method "UNIVERSAL->import()" is now deprecated. Attempting to
452 pass import arguments to a "use UNIVERSAL" statement will result in
453 a deprecation warning.
454 Use of "goto" to jump into a construct
456 Using "goto" to jump from an outer scope into an inner scope is now
457 deprecated. This rare use case was causing problems in the
458 implementation of scopes.
459 Custom character names in \N{name} that don't look like names
461 In "\N{name}", name can be just about anything. The standard
462 Unicode names have a very limited domain, but a custom name
463 translator could create names that are, for example, made up
464 entirely of punctuation symbols. It is now deprecated to make names
465 that don't begin with an alphabetic character, and aren't
466 alphanumeric or contain other than a very few other characters,
467 namely spaces, dashes, parentheses and colons. Because of the added
468 meaning of "\N" (See ""\N" experimental regex escape"), names that
469 look like curly brace -enclosed quantifiers won't work. For
470 example, "\N{3,4}" now means to match 3 to 4 non-newlines; before a
471 custom name "3,4" could have been created.
472 Deprecated Modules
474 The following modules will be removed from the core distribution in
475 a future release, and should be installed from CPAN instead.
476 Distributions on CPAN which require these should add them to their
477 prerequisites. The core versions of these modules warnings will
478 issue a deprecation warning.
479 If you ship a packaged version of Perl, either alone or as part of
481 a larger system, then you should carefully consider the
482 repercussions of core module deprecations. You may want to consider
483 shipping your default build of Perl with packages for some or all
484 deprecated modules which install into "vendor" or "site" perl
485 library directories. This will inhibit the deprecation warnings.
486 Alternatively, you may want to consider patching lib/deprecate.pm
488 to provide deprecation warnings specific to your packaging system
489 or distribution of Perl, consistent with how your packaging system
490 or distribution manages a staged transition from a release where
491 the installation of a single package provides the given
492 functionality, to a later release where the system administrator
493 needs to know to install multiple packages to get that same
494 functionality.
495 You can silence these deprecation warnings by installing the
497 modules in question from CPAN. To install the latest version of
498 all of them, just install "Task::Deprecations::5_12".
499 Class::ISA
501 Pod::Plainer
502 Shell
503 Switch
504 Switch is buggy and should be avoided. You may find Perl's new
505 "given"/"when" feature a suitable replacement. See "Switch
506 statements" in perlsyn for more information.
507 Assignment to $[
509 Use of the attribute :locked on subroutines
510 Use of "locked" with the attributes pragma
511 Use of "unique" with the attributes pragma
512 Perl_pmflag
513 "Perl_pmflag" is no longer part of Perl's public API. Calling it
514 now generates a deprecation warning, and it will be removed in a
515 future release. Although listed as part of the API, it was never
516 documented, and only ever used in toke.c, and prior to 5.10,
517 regcomp.c. In core, it has been replaced by a static function.
518 Numerous Perl 4-era libraries
520 termcap.pl, tainted.pl, stat.pl, shellwords.pl, pwd.pl, open3.pl,
521 open2.pl, newgetopt.pl, look.pl, find.pl, finddepth.pl,
522 importenv.pl, hostname.pl, getopts.pl, getopt.pl, getcwd.pl,
523 flush.pl, fastcwd.pl, exceptions.pl, ctime.pl, complete.pl,
524 cacheout.pl, bigrat.pl, bigint.pl, bigfloat.pl, assert.pl,
525 abbrev.pl, dotsh.pl, and timelocal.pl are all now deprecated.
526 Earlier, Perl's developers intended to remove these libraries from
527 Perl's core for the 5.14.0 release.
528 During final testing before the release of 5.12.0, several
530 developers discovered current production code using these ancient
531 libraries, some inside the Perl core itself. Accordingly, the
532 pumpking granted them a stay of execution. They will begin to warn
533 about their deprecation in the 5.14.0 release and will be removed
534 in the 5.16.0 release.
535
537 Perl's developers have made a concerted effort to update Perl to be in
538 sync with the latest Unicode standard. Changes for this include:
539 Perl can now handle every Unicode character property. New
541 documentation, perluniprops, lists all available non-Unihan character
542 properties. By default, perl does not expose Unihan, deprecated or
543 Unicode-internal properties. See below for more details on these;
544 there is also a section in the pod listing them, and explaining why
545 they are not exposed.
546 Perl now fully supports the Unicode compound-style of using "=" and ":"
548 in writing regular expressions: "\p{property=value}" and
549 "\p{property:value}" (both of which mean the same thing).
550 Perl now fully supports the Unicode loose matching rules for text
552 between the braces in "\p{...}" constructs. In addition, Perl allows
553 underscores between digits of numbers.
554 Perl now accepts all the Unicode-defined synonyms for properties and
556 property values.
557 "qr/\X/", which matches a Unicode logical character, has been expanded
559 to work better with various Asian languages. It now is defined as an
560 extended grapheme cluster. (See
561 <http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr29/>). Anything matched previously
562 and that made sense will continue to be accepted. Additionally:
563 • "\X" will not break apart a "CR LF" sequence.
565 • "\X" will now match a sequence which includes the "ZWJ" and "ZWNJ"
567 characters.
568 • "\X" will now always match at least one character, including an
570 initial mark. Marks generally come after a base character, but it
571 is possible in Unicode to have them in isolation, and "\X" will now
572 handle that case, for example at the beginning of a line, or after
573 a "ZWSP". And this is the part where "\X" doesn't match the things
574 that it used to that don't make sense. Formerly, for example, you
575 could have the nonsensical case of an accented LF.
576 • "\X" will now match a (Korean) Hangul syllable sequence, and the
578 Thai and Lao exception cases.
579 Otherwise, this change should be transparent for the non-affected
581 languages.
582 "\p{...}" matches using the Canonical_Combining_Class property were
584 completely broken in previous releases of Perl. They should now work
585 correctly.
586 Before Perl 5.12, the Unicode "Decomposition_Type=Compat" property and
588 a Perl extension had the same name, which led to neither matching all
589 the correct values (with more than 100 mistakes in one, and several
590 thousand in the other). The Perl extension has now been renamed to be
591 "Decomposition_Type=Noncanonical" (short: "dt=noncanon"). It has the
592 same meaning as was previously intended, namely the union of all the
593 non-canonical Decomposition types, with Unicode "Compat" being just one
594 of those.
595 "\p{Decomposition_Type=Canonical}" now includes the Hangul syllables.
597 "\p{Uppercase}" and "\p{Lowercase}" now work as the Unicode standard
599 says they should. This means they each match a few more characters
600 than they used to.
601 "\p{Cntrl}" now matches the same characters as "\p{Control}". This
603 means it no longer will match Private Use (gc=co), Surrogates (gc=cs),
604 nor Format (gc=cf) code points. The Format code points represent the
605 biggest possible problem. All but 36 of them are either officially
606 deprecated or strongly discouraged from being used. Of those 36, likely
607 the most widely used are the soft hyphen (U+00AD), and BOM, ZWSP, ZWNJ,
608 WJ, and similar characters, plus bidirectional controls.
609 "\p{Alpha}" now matches the same characters as "\p{Alphabetic}". Before
611 5.12, Perl's definition included a number of things that aren't really
612 alpha (all marks) while omitting many that were. The definitions of
613 "\p{Alnum}" and "\p{Word}" depend on Alpha's definition and have
614 changed accordingly.
615 "\p{Word}" no longer incorrectly matches non-word characters such as
617 fractions.
618 "\p{Print}" no longer matches the line control characters: Tab, LF, CR,
620 FF, VT, and NEL. This brings it in line with standards and the
621 documentation.
622 "\p{XDigit}" now matches the same characters as "\p{Hex_Digit}". This
624 means that in addition to the characters it currently matches,
625 "[A-Fa-f0-9]", it will also match the 22 fullwidth equivalents, for
626 example U+FF10: FULLWIDTH DIGIT ZERO.
627 The Numeric type property has been extended to include the Unihan
629 characters.
630 There is a new Perl extension, the 'Present_In', or simply 'In',
632 property. This is an extension of the Unicode Age property, but
633 "\p{In=5.0}" matches any code point whose usage has been determined as
634 of Unicode version 5.0. The "\p{Age=5.0}" only matches code points
635 added in precisely version 5.0.
636 A number of properties now have the correct values for unassigned code
638 points. The affected properties are Bidi_Class, East_Asian_Width,
639 Joining_Type, Decomposition_Type, Hangul_Syllable_Type, Numeric_Type,
640 and Line_Break.
641 The Default_Ignorable_Code_Point, ID_Continue, and ID_Start properties
643 are now up to date with current Unicode definitions.
644 Earlier versions of Perl erroneously exposed certain properties that
646 are supposed to be Unicode internal-only. Use of these in regular
647 expressions will now generate, if enabled, a deprecation warning
648 message. The properties are: Other_Alphabetic,
649 Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point, Other_Grapheme_Extend,
650 Other_ID_Continue, Other_ID_Start, Other_Lowercase, Other_Math, and
651 Other_Uppercase.
652 It is now possible to change which Unicode properties Perl understands
654 on a per-installation basis. As mentioned above, certain properties are
655 turned off by default. These include all the Unihan properties (which
656 should be accessible via the CPAN module Unicode::Unihan) and any
657 deprecated or Unicode internal-only property that Perl has never
658 exposed.
659 The generated files in the "lib/unicore/To" directory are now more
661 clearly marked as being stable, directly usable by applications. New
662 hash entries in them give the format of the normal entries, which
663 allows for easier machine parsing. Perl can generate files in this
664 directory for any property, though most are suppressed. You can find
665 instructions for changing which are written in perluniprops.
666
668 New Modules and Pragmata
669 "autodie"
670 "autodie" is a new lexically-scoped alternative for the "Fatal"
671 module. The bundled version is 2.06_01. Note that in this release,
672 using a string eval when "autodie" is in effect can cause the
673 autodie behaviour to leak into the surrounding scope. See "BUGS" in
674 autodie for more details.
675 Version 2.06_01 has been added to the Perl core.
677 "Compress::Raw::Bzip2"
679 Version 2.024 has been added to the Perl core.
680 "overloading"
682 "overloading" allows you to lexically disable or enable overloading
683 for some or all operations.
684 Version 0.001 has been added to the Perl core.
686 "parent"
688 "parent" establishes an ISA relationship with base classes at
689 compile time. It provides the key feature of "base" without further
690 unwanted behaviors.
691 Version 0.223 has been added to the Perl core.
693 "Parse::CPAN::Meta"
695 Version 1.40 has been added to the Perl core.
696 "VMS::DCLsym"
698 Version 1.03 has been added to the Perl core.
699 "VMS::Stdio"
701 Version 2.4 has been added to the Perl core.
702 "XS::APItest::KeywordRPN"
704 Version 0.003 has been added to the Perl core.
705 Updated Pragmata
707 "base"
708 Upgraded from version 2.13 to 2.15.
709 "bignum"
711 Upgraded from version 0.22 to 0.23.
712 "charnames"
714 "charnames" now contains the Unicode NameAliases.txt database file.
715 This has the effect of adding some extra "\N" character names that
716 formerly wouldn't have been recognised; for example, "\N{LATIN
717 CAPITAL LETTER GHA}".
718 Upgraded from version 1.06 to 1.07.
720 "constant"
722 Upgraded from version 1.13 to 1.20.
723 "diagnostics"
725 "diagnostics" now supports %.0f formatting internally.
726 "diagnostics" no longer suppresses "Use of uninitialized value in
728 range (or flip)" warnings. [perl #71204]
729 Upgraded from version 1.17 to 1.19.
731 "feature"
733 In "feature", the meaning of the ":5.10" and ":5.10.X" feature
734 bundles has changed slightly. The last component, if any (i.e. "X")
735 is simply ignored. This is predicated on the assumption that new
736 features will not, in general, be added to maintenance releases. So
737 ":5.10" and ":5.10.X" have identical effect. This is a change to
738 the behaviour documented for 5.10.0.
739 "feature" now includes the "unicode_strings" feature:
741 use feature "unicode_strings";
743 This pragma turns on Unicode semantics for the case-changing
745 operations ("uc", "lc", "ucfirst", "lcfirst") on strings that don't
746 have the internal UTF-8 flag set, but that contain single-byte
747 characters between 128 and 255.
748 Upgraded from version 1.11 to 1.16.
750 "less"
752 "less" now includes the "stash_name" method to allow subclasses of
753 "less" to pick where in %^H to store their stash.
754 Upgraded from version 0.02 to 0.03.
756 "lib"
758 Upgraded from version 0.5565 to 0.62.
759 "mro"
761 "mro" is now implemented as an XS extension. The documented
762 interface has not changed. Code relying on the implementation
763 detail that some "mro::" methods happened to be available at all
764 times gets to "keep both pieces".
765 Upgraded from version 1.00 to 1.02.
767 "overload"
769 "overload" now allow overloading of 'qr'.
770 Upgraded from version 1.06 to 1.10.
772 "threads"
774 Upgraded from version 1.67 to 1.75.
775 "threads::shared"
777 Upgraded from version 1.14 to 1.32.
778 "version"
780 "version" now has support for "Version number formats" as described
781 earlier in this document and in its own documentation.
782 Upgraded from version 0.74 to 0.82.
784 "warnings"
786 "warnings" has a new warnings::fatal_enabled() function. It also
787 includes a new "illegalproto" warning category. See also "New or
788 Changed Diagnostics" for this change.
789 Upgraded from version 1.06 to 1.09.
791 Updated Modules
793 "Archive::Extract"
794 Upgraded from version 0.24 to 0.38.
795 "Archive::Tar"
797 Upgraded from version 1.38 to 1.54.
798 "Attribute::Handlers"
800 Upgraded from version 0.79 to 0.87.
801 "AutoLoader"
803 Upgraded from version 5.63 to 5.70.
804 "B::Concise"
806 Upgraded from version 0.74 to 0.78.
807 "B::Debug"
809 Upgraded from version 1.05 to 1.12.
810 "B::Deparse"
812 Upgraded from version 0.83 to 0.96.
813 "B::Lint"
815 Upgraded from version 1.09 to 1.11_01.
816 "CGI"
818 Upgraded from version 3.29 to 3.48.
819 "Class::ISA"
821 Upgraded from version 0.33 to 0.36.
822 NOTE: "Class::ISA" is deprecated and may be removed from a future
824 version of Perl.
825 "Compress::Raw::Zlib"
827 Upgraded from version 2.008 to 2.024.
828 "CPAN"
830 Upgraded from version 1.9205 to 1.94_56.
831 "CPANPLUS"
833 Upgraded from version 0.84 to 0.90.
834 "CPANPLUS::Dist::Build"
836 Upgraded from version 0.06_02 to 0.46.
837 "Data::Dumper"
839 Upgraded from version 2.121_14 to 2.125.
840 "DB_File"
842 Upgraded from version 1.816_1 to 1.820.
843 "Devel::PPPort"
845 Upgraded from version 3.13 to 3.19.
846 "Digest"
848 Upgraded from version 1.15 to 1.16.
849 "Digest::MD5"
851 Upgraded from version 2.36_01 to 2.39.
852 "Digest::SHA"
854 Upgraded from version 5.45 to 5.47.
855 "Encode"
857 Upgraded from version 2.23 to 2.39.
858 "Exporter"
860 Upgraded from version 5.62 to 5.64_01.
861 "ExtUtils::CBuilder"
863 Upgraded from version 0.21 to 0.27.
864 "ExtUtils::Command"
866 Upgraded from version 1.13 to 1.16.
867 "ExtUtils::Constant"
869 Upgraded from version 0.2 to 0.22.
870 "ExtUtils::Install"
872 Upgraded from version 1.44 to 1.55.
873 "ExtUtils::MakeMaker"
875 Upgraded from version 6.42 to 6.56.
876 "ExtUtils::Manifest"
878 Upgraded from version 1.51_01 to 1.57.
879 "ExtUtils::ParseXS"
881 Upgraded from version 2.18_02 to 2.21.
882 "File::Fetch"
884 Upgraded from version 0.14 to 0.24.
885 "File::Path"
887 Upgraded from version 2.04 to 2.08_01.
888 "File::Temp"
890 Upgraded from version 0.18 to 0.22.
891 "Filter::Simple"
893 Upgraded from version 0.82 to 0.84.
894 "Filter::Util::Call"
896 Upgraded from version 1.07 to 1.08.
897 "Getopt::Long"
899 Upgraded from version 2.37 to 2.38.
900 "IO"
902 Upgraded from version 1.23_01 to 1.25_02.
903 "IO::Zlib"
905 Upgraded from version 1.07 to 1.10.
906 "IPC::Cmd"
908 Upgraded from version 0.40_1 to 0.54.
909 "IPC::SysV"
911 Upgraded from version 1.05 to 2.01.
912 "Locale::Maketext"
914 Upgraded from version 1.12 to 1.14.
915 "Locale::Maketext::Simple"
917 Upgraded from version 0.18 to 0.21.
918 "Log::Message"
920 Upgraded from version 0.01 to 0.02.
921 "Log::Message::Simple"
923 Upgraded from version 0.04 to 0.06.
924 "Math::BigInt"
926 Upgraded from version 1.88 to 1.89_01.
927 "Math::BigInt::FastCalc"
929 Upgraded from version 0.16 to 0.19.
930 "Math::BigRat"
932 Upgraded from version 0.21 to 0.24.
933 "Math::Complex"
935 Upgraded from version 1.37 to 1.56.
936 "Memoize"
938 Upgraded from version 1.01_02 to 1.01_03.
939 "MIME::Base64"
941 Upgraded from version 3.07_01 to 3.08.
942 "Module::Build"
944 Upgraded from version 0.2808_01 to 0.3603.
945 "Module::CoreList"
947 Upgraded from version 2.12 to 2.29.
948 "Module::Load"
950 Upgraded from version 0.12 to 0.16.
951 "Module::Load::Conditional"
953 Upgraded from version 0.22 to 0.34.
954 "Module::Loaded"
956 Upgraded from version 0.01 to 0.06.
957 "Module::Pluggable"
959 Upgraded from version 3.6 to 3.9.
960 "Net::Ping"
962 Upgraded from version 2.33 to 2.36.
963 "NEXT"
965 Upgraded from version 0.60_01 to 0.64.
966 "Object::Accessor"
968 Upgraded from version 0.32 to 0.36.
969 "Package::Constants"
971 Upgraded from version 0.01 to 0.02.
972 "PerlIO"
974 Upgraded from version 1.04 to 1.06.
975 "Pod::Parser"
977 Upgraded from version 1.35 to 1.37.
978 "Pod::Perldoc"
980 Upgraded from version 3.14_02 to 3.15_02.
981 "Pod::Plainer"
983 Upgraded from version 0.01 to 1.02.
984 NOTE: "Pod::Plainer" is deprecated and may be removed from a future
986 version of Perl.
987 "Pod::Simple"
989 Upgraded from version 3.05 to 3.13.
990 "Safe"
992 Upgraded from version 2.12 to 2.22.
993 "SelfLoader"
995 Upgraded from version 1.11 to 1.17.
996 "Storable"
998 Upgraded from version 2.18 to 2.22.
999 "Switch"
1001 Upgraded from version 2.13 to 2.16.
1002 NOTE: "Switch" is deprecated and may be removed from a future
1004 version of Perl.
1005 "Sys::Syslog"
1007 Upgraded from version 0.22 to 0.27.
1008 "Term::ANSIColor"
1010 Upgraded from version 1.12 to 2.02.
1011 "Term::UI"
1013 Upgraded from version 0.18 to 0.20.
1014 "Test"
1016 Upgraded from version 1.25 to 1.25_02.
1017 "Test::Harness"
1019 Upgraded from version 2.64 to 3.17.
1020 "Test::Simple"
1022 Upgraded from version 0.72 to 0.94.
1023 "Text::Balanced"
1025 Upgraded from version 2.0.0 to 2.02.
1026 "Text::ParseWords"
1028 Upgraded from version 3.26 to 3.27.
1029 "Text::Soundex"
1031 Upgraded from version 3.03 to 3.03_01.
1032 "Thread::Queue"
1034 Upgraded from version 2.00 to 2.11.
1035 "Thread::Semaphore"
1037 Upgraded from version 2.01 to 2.09.
1038 "Tie::RefHash"
1040 Upgraded from version 1.37 to 1.38.
1041 "Time::HiRes"
1043 Upgraded from version 1.9711 to 1.9719.
1044 "Time::Local"
1046 Upgraded from version 1.18 to 1.1901_01.
1047 "Time::Piece"
1049 Upgraded from version 1.12 to 1.15.
1050 "Unicode::Collate"
1052 Upgraded from version 0.52 to 0.52_01.
1053 "Unicode::Normalize"
1055 Upgraded from version 1.02 to 1.03.
1056 "Win32"
1058 Upgraded from version 0.34 to 0.39.
1059 "Win32API::File"
1061 Upgraded from version 0.1001_01 to 0.1101.
1062 "XSLoader"
1064 Upgraded from version 0.08 to 0.10.
1065 Removed Modules and Pragmata
1067 "attrs"
1068 Removed from the Perl core. Prior version was 1.02.
1069 "CPAN::API::HOWTO"
1071 Removed from the Perl core. Prior version was 'undef'.
1072 "CPAN::DeferedCode"
1074 Removed from the Perl core. Prior version was 5.50.
1075 "CPANPLUS::inc"
1077 Removed from the Perl core. Prior version was 'undef'.
1078 "DCLsym"
1080 Removed from the Perl core. Prior version was 1.03.
1081 "ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes"
1083 Removed from the Perl core. Prior version was 6.42.
1084 "ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish"
1086 Removed from the Perl core. Prior version was 6.42.
1087 "Stdio"
1089 Removed from the Perl core. Prior version was 2.3.
1090 "Test::Harness::Assert"
1092 Removed from the Perl core. Prior version was 0.02.
1093 "Test::Harness::Iterator"
1095 Removed from the Perl core. Prior version was 0.02.
1096 "Test::Harness::Point"
1098 Removed from the Perl core. Prior version was 0.01.
1099 "Test::Harness::Results"
1101 Removed from the Perl core. Prior version was 0.01.
1102 "Test::Harness::Straps"
1104 Removed from the Perl core. Prior version was 0.26_01.
1105 "Test::Harness::Util"
1107 Removed from the Perl core. Prior version was 0.01.
1108 "XSSymSet"
1110 Removed from the Perl core. Prior version was 1.1.
1111 Deprecated Modules and Pragmata
1113 See "Deprecated Modules" above.
1114
1116 New Documentation
1117 • perlhaiku contains instructions on how to build perl for the Haiku
1118 platform.
1119 • perlmroapi describes the new interface for pluggable Method
1121 Resolution Orders.
1122 • perlperf, by Richard Foley, provides an introduction to the use of
1124 performance and optimization techniques which can be used with
1125 particular reference to perl programs.
1126 • perlrepository describes how to access the perl source using the
1128 git version control system.
1129 • perlpolicy extends the "Social contract about contributed modules"
1131 into the beginnings of a document on Perl porting policies.
1132 Changes to Existing Documentation
1134 • The various large Changes* files (which listed every change made to
1135 perl over the last 18 years) have been removed, and replaced by a
1136 small file, also called Changes, which just explains how that same
1137 information may be extracted from the git version control system.
1138 • Porting/patching.pod has been deleted, as it mainly described
1140 interacting with the old Perforce-based repository, which is now
1141 obsolete. Information still relevant has been moved to
1142 perlrepository.
1143 • The syntax "unless (EXPR) BLOCK else BLOCK" is now documented as
1145 valid, as is the syntax "unless (EXPR) BLOCK elsif (EXPR) BLOCK ...
1146 else BLOCK", although actually using the latter may not be the best
1147 idea for the readability of your source code.
1148 • Documented -X overloading.
1150 • Documented that when() treats specially most of the filetest
1152 operators
1153 • Documented "when" as a syntax modifier.
1155 • Eliminated "Old Perl threads tutorial", which described 5005
1157 threads.
1158 pod/perlthrtut.pod is the same material reworked for ithreads.
1160 • Correct previous documentation: v-strings are not deprecated
1162 With version objects, we need them to use MODULE VERSION syntax.
1164 This patch removes the deprecation notice.
1165 • Security contact information is now part of perlsec.
1167 • A significant fraction of the core documentation has been updated
1169 to clarify the behavior of Perl's Unicode handling.
1170 Much of the remaining core documentation has been reviewed and
1172 edited for clarity, consistent use of language, and to fix the
1173 spelling of Tom Christiansen's name.
1174 • The Pod specification (perlpodspec) has been updated to bring the
1176 specification in line with modern usage already supported by most
1177 Pod systems. A parameter string may now follow the format name in a
1178 "begin/end" region. Links to URIs with a text description are now
1179 allowed. The usage of "L<"section">" has been marked as deprecated.
1180 • if.pm has been documented in "use" in perlfunc as a means to get
1182 conditional loading of modules despite the implicit BEGIN block
1183 around "use".
1184 • The documentation for $1 in perlvar.pod has been clarified.
1186 • "\N{U+code point}" is now documented.
1188
1190 • A new internal cache means that isa() will often be faster.
1191 • The implementation of "C3" Method Resolution Order has been
1193 optimised - linearisation for classes with single inheritance is
1194 40% faster. Performance for multiple inheritance is unchanged.
1195 • Under "use locale", the locale-relevant information is now cached
1197 on read-only values, such as the list returned by "keys %hash".
1198 This makes operations such as "sort keys %hash" in the scope of
1199 "use locale" much faster.
1200 • Empty "DESTROY" methods are no longer called.
1202 • Perl_sv_utf8_upgrade() is now faster.
1204 • "keys" on empty hash is now faster.
1206 • "if (%foo)" has been optimized to be faster than "if (keys %foo)".
1208 • The string repetition operator ("$str x $num") is now several times
1210 faster when $str has length one or $num is large.
1211 • Reversing an array to itself (as in "@a = reverse @a") in void
1213 context now happens in-place and is several orders of magnitude
1214 faster than it used to be. It will also preserve non-existent
1215 elements whenever possible, i.e. for non magical arrays or tied
1216 arrays with "EXISTS" and "DELETE" methods.
1217
1219 • perlapi, perlintern, perlmodlib and perltoc are now all generated
1220 at build time, rather than being shipped as part of the release.
1221 • If "vendorlib" and "vendorarch" are the same, then they are only
1223 added to @INC once.
1224 • $Config{usedevel} and the C-level "PERL_USE_DEVEL" are now defined
1226 if perl is built with "-Dusedevel".
1227 • Configure will enable use of "-fstack-protector", to provide
1229 protection against stack-smashing attacks, if the compiler supports
1230 it.
1231 • Configure will now determine the correct prototypes for re-entrant
1233 functions and for "gconvert" if you are using a C++ compiler rather
1234 than a C compiler.
1235 • On Unix, if you build from a tree containing a git repository, the
1237 configuration process will note the commit hash you have checked
1238 out, for display in the output of "perl -v" and "perl -V". Unpushed
1239 local commits are automatically added to the list of local patches
1240 displayed by "perl -V".
1241 • Perl now supports SystemTap's "dtrace" compatibility layer and an
1243 issue with linking "miniperl" has been fixed in the process.
1244 • perldoc now uses "less -R" instead of "less" for improved behaviour
1246 in the face of "groff"'s new usage of ANSI escape codes.
1247 • "perl -V" now reports use of the compile-time options
1249 "USE_PERL_ATOF" and "USE_ATTRIBUTES_FOR_PERLIO".
1250 • As part of the flattening of ext, all extensions on all platforms
1252 are built by make_ext.pl. This replaces the Unix-specific
1253 ext/util/make_ext, VMS-specific make_ext.com and Win32-specific
1254 win32/buildext.pl.
1255
1257 Each release of Perl sees numerous internal changes which shouldn't
1258 affect day to day usage but may still be notable for developers working
1259 with Perl's source code.
1260 • The J.R.R. Tolkien quotes at the head of C source file have been
1262 checked and proper citations added, thanks to a patch from Tom
1263 Christiansen.
1264 • The internal structure of the dual-life modules traditionally found
1266 in the lib/ and ext/ directories in the perl source has changed
1267 significantly. Where possible, dual-lifed modules have been
1268 extracted from lib/ and ext/.
1269 Dual-lifed modules maintained by Perl's developers as part of the
1271 Perl core now live in dist/. Dual-lifed modules maintained
1272 primarily on CPAN now live in cpan/. When reporting a bug in a
1273 module located under cpan/, please send your bug report directly to
1274 the module's bug tracker or author, rather than Perl's bug tracker.
1275 • "\N{...}" now compiles better, always forces UTF-8 internal
1277 representation
1278 Perl's developers have fixed several problems with the recognition
1280 of "\N{...}" constructs. As part of this, perl will store any
1281 scalar or regex containing "\N{name}" or "\N{U+code point}" in its
1282 definition in UTF-8 format. (This was true previously for all
1283 occurrences of "\N{name}" that did not use a custom translator, but
1284 now it's always true.)
1285 • Perl_magic_setmglob now knows about globs, fixing RT #71254.
1287 • "SVt_RV" no longer exists. RVs are now stored in IVs.
1289 • Perl_vcroak() now accepts a null first argument. In addition, a
1291 full audit was made of the "not NULL" compiler annotations, and
1292 those for several other internal functions were corrected.
1293 • New macros "dSAVEDERRNO", "dSAVE_ERRNO", "SAVE_ERRNO",
1295 "RESTORE_ERRNO" have been added to formalise the temporary saving
1296 of the "errno" variable.
1297 • The function "Perl_sv_insert_flags" has been added to augment
1299 "Perl_sv_insert".
1300 • The function Perl_newSV_type(type) has been added, equivalent to
1302 Perl_newSV() followed by Perl_sv_upgrade(type).
1303 • The function Perl_newSVpvn_flags() has been added, equivalent to
1305 Perl_newSVpvn() and then performing the action relevant to the
1306 flag.
1307 Two flag bits are currently supported.
1309 • "SVf_UTF8" will call SvUTF8_on() for you. (Note that this does
1311 not convert a sequence of ISO 8859-1 characters to UTF-8). A
1312 wrapper, newSVpvn_utf8() is available for this.
1313 • "SVs_TEMP" now calls Perl_sv_2mortal() on the new SV.
1315 There is also a wrapper that takes constant strings,
1317 newSVpvs_flags().
1318 • The function "Perl_croak_xs_usage" has been added as a wrapper to
1320 "Perl_croak".
1321 • Perl now exports the functions "PerlIO_find_layer" and
1323 "PerlIO_list_alloc".
1324 • "PL_na" has been exterminated from the core code, replaced by local
1326 STRLEN temporaries, or *_nolen() calls. Either approach is faster
1327 than "PL_na", which is a pointer dereference into the interpreter
1328 structure under ithreads, and a global variable otherwise.
1329 • Perl_mg_free() used to leave freed memory accessible via SvMAGIC()
1331 on the scalar. It now updates the linked list to remove each piece
1332 of magic as it is freed.
1333 • Under ithreads, the regex in "PL_reg_curpm" is now reference
1335 counted. This eliminates a lot of hackish workarounds to cope with
1336 it not being reference counted.
1337 • Perl_mg_magical() would sometimes incorrectly turn on SvRMAGICAL().
1339 This has been fixed.
1340 • The public IV and NV flags are now not set if the string value has
1342 trailing "garbage". This behaviour is consistent with not setting
1343 the public IV or NV flags if the value is out of range for the
1344 type.
1345 • Uses of "Nullav", "Nullcv", "Nullhv", "Nullop", "Nullsv" etc have
1347 been replaced by "NULL" in the core code, and non-dual-life
1348 modules, as "NULL" is clearer to those unfamiliar with the core
1349 code.
1350 • A macro MUTABLE_PTR(p) has been added, which on (non-pedantic) gcc
1352 will not cast away "const", returning a "void *". Macros
1353 MUTABLE_SV(av), MUTABLE_SV(cv) etc build on this, casting to "AV *"
1354 etc without casting away "const". This allows proper compile-time
1355 auditing of "const" correctness in the core, and helped picked up
1356 some errors (now fixed).
1357 • Macros mPUSHs() and mXPUSHs() have been added, for pushing SVs on
1359 the stack and mortalizing them.
1360 • Use of the private structure "mro_meta" has changed slightly.
1362 Nothing outside the core should be accessing this directly anyway.
1363 • A new tool, Porting/expand-macro.pl has been added, that allows you
1365 to view how a C preprocessor macro would be expanded when compiled.
1366 This is handy when trying to decode the macro hell that is the perl
1367 guts.
1368
1370 Testing improvements
1371 Parallel tests
1372 The core distribution can now run its regression tests in parallel
1373 on Unix-like platforms. Instead of running "make test", set
1374 "TEST_JOBS" in your environment to the number of tests to run in
1375 parallel, and run "make test_harness". On a Bourne-like shell, this
1376 can be done as
1377 TEST_JOBS=3 make test_harness # Run 3 tests in parallel
1379 An environment variable is used, rather than parallel make itself,
1381 because TAP::Harness needs to be able to schedule individual non-
1382 conflicting test scripts itself, and there is no standard interface
1383 to "make" utilities to interact with their job schedulers.
1384 Note that currently some test scripts may fail when run in parallel
1386 (most notably "ext/IO/t/io_dir.t"). If necessary run just the
1387 failing scripts again sequentially and see if the failures go away.
1388 Test harness flexibility
1390 It's now possible to override "PERL5OPT" and friends in t/TEST
1391 Test watchdog
1393 Several tests that have the potential to hang forever if they fail
1394 now incorporate a "watchdog" functionality that will kill them
1395 after a timeout, which helps ensure that "make test" and "make
1396 test_harness" run to completion automatically.
1397 New Tests
1399 Perl's developers have added a number of new tests to the core. In
1400 addition to the items listed below, many modules updated from CPAN
1401 incorporate new tests.
1402 • Significant cleanups to core tests to ensure that language and
1404 interpreter features are not used before they're tested.
1405 • "make test_porting" now runs a number of important pre-commit
1407 checks which might be of use to anyone working on the Perl core.
1408 • t/porting/podcheck.t automatically checks the well-formedness of
1410 POD found in all .pl, .pm and .pod files in the MANIFEST, other
1411 than in dual-lifed modules which are primarily maintained outside
1412 the Perl core.
1413 • t/porting/manifest.t now tests that all files listed in MANIFEST
1415 are present.
1416 • t/op/while_readdir.t tests that a bare readdir in while loop sets
1418 $_.
1419 • t/comp/retainedlines.t checks that the debugger can retain source
1421 lines from "eval".
1422 • t/io/perlio_fail.t checks that bad layers fail.
1424 • t/io/perlio_leaks.t checks that PerlIO layers are not leaking.
1426 • t/io/perlio_open.t checks that certain special forms of open work.
1428 • t/io/perlio.t includes general PerlIO tests.
1430 • t/io/pvbm.t checks that there is no unexpected interaction between
1432 the internal types "PVBM" and "PVGV".
1433 • t/mro/package_aliases.t checks that mro works properly in the
1435 presence of aliased packages.
1436 • t/op/dbm.t tests "dbmopen" and "dbmclose".
1438 • t/op/index_thr.t tests the interaction of "index" and threads.
1440 • t/op/pat_thr.t tests the interaction of esoteric patterns and
1442 threads.
1443 • t/op/qr_gc.t tests that "qr" doesn't leak.
1445 • t/op/reg_email_thr.t tests the interaction of regex recursion and
1447 threads.
1448 • t/op/regexp_qr_embed_thr.t tests the interaction of patterns with
1450 embedded "qr//" and threads.
1451 • t/op/regexp_unicode_prop.t tests Unicode properties in regular
1453 expressions.
1454 • t/op/regexp_unicode_prop_thr.t tests the interaction of Unicode
1456 properties and threads.
1457 • t/op/reg_nc_tie.t tests the tied methods of
1459 "Tie::Hash::NamedCapture".
1460 • t/op/reg_posixcc.t checks that POSIX character classes behave
1462 consistently.
1463 • t/op/re.t checks that exportable "re" functions in universal.c
1465 work.
1466 • t/op/setpgrpstack.t checks that "setpgrp" works.
1468 • t/op/substr_thr.t tests the interaction of "substr" and threads.
1470 • t/op/upgrade.t checks that upgrading and assigning scalars works.
1472 • t/uni/lex_utf8.t checks that Unicode in the lexer works.
1474 • t/uni/tie.t checks that Unicode and "tie" work.
1476 • t/comp/final_line_num.t tests whether line numbers are correct at
1478 EOF
1479 • t/comp/form_scope.t tests format scoping.
1481 • t/comp/line_debug.t tests whether "@{"_<$file"}" works.
1483 • t/op/filetest_t.t tests if -t file test works.
1485 • t/op/qr.t tests "qr".
1487 • t/op/utf8cache.t tests malfunctions of the utf8 cache.
1489 • t/re/uniprops.t test unicodes "\p{}" regex constructs.
1491 • t/op/filehandle.t tests some suitably portable filetest operators
1493 to check that they work as expected, particularly in the light of
1494 some internal changes made in how filehandles are blessed.
1495 • t/op/time_loop.t tests that unix times greater than "2**63", which
1497 can now be handed to "gmtime" and "localtime", do not cause an
1498 internal overflow or an excessively long loop.
1499
1501 New Diagnostics
1502 • SV allocation tracing has been added to the diagnostics enabled by
1503 "-Dm". The tracing can alternatively output via the "PERL_MEM_LOG"
1504 mechanism, if that was enabled when the perl binary was compiled.
1505 • Smartmatch resolution tracing has been added as a new diagnostic.
1507 Use "-DM" to enable it.
1508 • A new debugging flag "-DB" now dumps subroutine definitions,
1510 leaving "-Dx" for its original purpose of dumping syntax trees.
1511 • Perl 5.12 provides a number of new diagnostic messages to help you
1513 write better code. See perldiag for details of these new messages.
1514 • "Bad plugin affecting keyword '%s'"
1516 • "gmtime(%.0f) too large"
1518 • "Lexing code attempted to stuff non-Latin-1 character into
1520 Latin-1 input"
1521 • "Lexing code internal error (%s)"
1523 • "localtime(%.0f) too large"
1525 • "Overloaded dereference did not return a reference"
1527 • "Overloaded qr did not return a REGEXP"
1529 • "Perl_pmflag() is deprecated, and will be removed from the XS
1531 API"
1532 • "lvalue attribute ignored after the subroutine has been
1534 defined"
1535 This new warning is issued when one attempts to mark a
1537 subroutine as lvalue after it has been defined.
1538 • Perl now warns you if "++" or "--" are unable to change the
1540 value because it's beyond the limit of representation.
1541 This uses a new warnings category: "imprecision".
1543 • "lc", "uc", "lcfirst", and "ucfirst" warn when passed undef.
1545 • "Show constant in "Useless use of a constant in void context""
1547 • "Prototype after '%s'"
1549 • "panic: sv_chop %s"
1551 This new fatal error occurs when the C routine Perl_sv_chop()
1553 was passed a position that is not within the scalar's string
1554 buffer. This could be caused by buggy XS code, and at this
1555 point recovery is not possible.
1556 • The fatal error "Malformed UTF-8 returned by \N" is now
1558 produced if the "charnames" handler returns malformed UTF-8.
1559 • If an unresolved named character or sequence was encountered
1561 when compiling a regex pattern then the fatal error "\N{NAME}
1562 must be resolved by the lexer" is now produced. This can
1563 happen, for example, when using a single-quotish context like
1564 "$re = '\N{SPACE}'; /$re/;". See perldiag for more examples of
1565 how the lexer can get bypassed.
1566 • "Invalid hexadecimal number in \N{U+...}" is a new fatal error
1568 triggered when the character constant represented by "..." is
1569 not a valid hexadecimal number.
1570 • The new meaning of "\N" as "[^\n]" is not valid in a bracketed
1572 character class, just like "." in a character class loses its
1573 special meaning, and will cause the fatal error "\N in a
1574 character class must be a named character: \N{...}".
1575 • The rules on what is legal for the "..." in "\N{...}" have been
1577 tightened up so that unless the "..." begins with an alphabetic
1578 character and continues with a combination of alphanumerics,
1579 dashes, spaces, parentheses or colons then the warning
1580 "Deprecated character(s) in \N{...} starting at '%s'" is now
1581 issued.
1582 • The warning "Using just the first characters returned by \N{}"
1584 will be issued if the "charnames" handler returns a sequence of
1585 characters which exceeds the limit of the number of characters
1586 that can be used. The message will indicate which characters
1587 were used and which were discarded.
1588 Changed Diagnostics
1590 A number of existing diagnostic messages have been improved or
1591 corrected:
1592 • A new warning category "illegalproto" allows finer-grained control
1594 of warnings around function prototypes.
1595 The two warnings:
1597 "Illegal character in prototype for %s : %s"
1599 "Prototype after '%c' for %s : %s"
1600 have been moved from the "syntax" top-level warnings category into
1602 a new first-level category, "illegalproto". These two warnings are
1603 currently the only ones emitted during parsing of an
1604 invalid/illegal prototype, so one can now use
1605 no warnings 'illegalproto';
1607 to suppress only those, but not other syntax-related warnings.
1609 Warnings where prototypes are changed, ignored, or not met are
1610 still in the "prototype" category as before.
1611 • "Deep recursion on subroutine "%s""
1613 It is now possible to change the depth threshold for this warning
1615 from the default of 100, by recompiling the perl binary, setting
1616 the C pre-processor macro "PERL_SUB_DEPTH_WARN" to the desired
1617 value.
1618 • "Illegal character in prototype" warning is now more precise when
1620 reporting illegal characters after _
1621 • mro merging error messages are now very similar to those produced
1623 by Algorithm::C3.
1624 • Amelioration of the error message "Unrecognized character %s in
1626 column %d"
1627 Changes the error message to "Unrecognized character %s; marked by
1629 <-- HERE after %s<-- HERE near column %d". This should make it a
1630 little simpler to spot and correct the suspicious character.
1631 • Perl now explicitly points to $. when it causes an uninitialized
1633 warning for ranges in scalar context.
1634 • "split" now warns when called in void context.
1636 • "printf"-style functions called with too few arguments will now
1638 issue the warning "Missing argument in %s" [perl #71000]
1639 • Perl now properly returns a syntax error instead of segfaulting if
1641 "each", "keys", or "values" is used without an argument.
1642 • tell() now fails properly if called without an argument and when no
1644 previous file was read.
1645 tell() now returns -1, and sets errno to "EBADF", thus restoring
1647 the 5.8.x behaviour.
1648 • "overload" no longer implicitly unsets fallback on repeated 'use
1650 overload' lines.
1651 • POSIX::strftime() can now handle Unicode characters in the format
1653 string.
1654 • The "syntax" category was removed from 5 warnings that should only
1656 be in "deprecated".
1657 • Three fatal "pack"/"unpack" error messages have been normalized to
1659 "panic: %s"
1660 • "Unicode character is illegal" has been rephrased to be more
1662 accurate
1663 It now reads "Unicode non-character is illegal in interchange" and
1665 the perldiag documentation has been expanded a bit.
1666 • Currently, all but the first of the several characters that the
1668 "charnames" handler may return are discarded when used in a regular
1669 expression pattern bracketed character class. If this happens then
1670 the warning "Using just the first character returned by \N{} in
1671 character class" will be issued.
1672 • The warning "Missing right brace on \N{} or unescaped left brace
1674 after \N. Assuming the latter" will be issued if Perl encounters a
1675 "\N{" but doesn't find a matching "}". In this case Perl doesn't
1676 know if it was mistakenly omitted, or if "match non-newline"
1677 followed by "match a "{"" was desired. It assumes the latter
1678 because that is actually a valid interpretation as written, unlike
1679 the other case. If you meant the former, you need to add the
1680 matching right brace. If you did mean the latter, you can silence
1681 this warning by writing instead "\N\{".
1682 • "gmtime" and "localtime" called with numbers smaller than they can
1684 reliably handle will now issue the warnings "gmtime(%.0f) too
1685 small" and "localtime(%.0f) too small".
1686 The following diagnostic messages have been removed:
1688 • "Runaway format"
1690 • "Can't locate package %s for the parents of %s"
1692 In general this warning it only got produced in conjunction with
1694 other warnings, and removing it allowed an ISA lookup optimisation
1695 to be added.
1696 • "v-string in use/require is non-portable"
1698
1700 • h2ph now looks in "include-fixed" too, which is a recent addition
1701 to gcc's search path.
1702 • h2xs no longer incorrectly treats enum values like macros. It also
1704 now handles C++ style comments ("//") properly in enums.
1705 • perl5db.pl now supports "LVALUE" subroutines. Additionally, the
1707 debugger now correctly handles proxy constant subroutines, and
1708 subroutine stubs.
1709 • perlbug now uses %Module::CoreList::bug_tracker to print out
1711 upstream bug tracker URLs. If a user identifies a particular
1712 module as the topic of their bug report and we're able to divine
1713 the URL for its upstream bug tracker, perlbug now provide a message
1714 to the user explaining that the core copies the CPAN version
1715 directly, and provide the URL for reporting the bug directly to the
1716 upstream author.
1717 perlbug no longer reports "Message sent" when it hasn't actually
1719 sent the message
1720 • perlthanks is a new utility for sending non-bug-reports to the
1722 authors and maintainers of Perl. Getting nothing but bug reports
1723 can become a bit demoralising. If Perl 5.12 works well for you,
1724 please try out perlthanks. It will make the developers smile.
1725 • Perl's developers have fixed bugs in a2p having to do with the
1727 match() operator in list context. Additionally, a2p no longer
1728 generates code that uses the $[ variable.
1729
1731 • U+0FFFF is now a legal character in regular expressions.
1732 • pp_qr now always returns a new regexp SV. Resolves RT #69852.
1734 Instead of returning a(nother) reference to the (pre-compiled)
1736 regexp in the optree, use reg_temp_copy() to create a copy of it,
1737 and return a reference to that. This resolves issues about
1738 Regexp::DESTROY not being called in a timely fashion (the original
1739 bug tracked by RT #69852), as well as bugs related to blessing
1740 regexps, and of assigning to regexps, as described in
1741 correspondence added to the ticket.
1742 It transpires that we also need to undo the SvPVX() sharing when
1744 ithreads cloning a Regexp SV, because mother_re is set to NULL,
1745 instead of a cloned copy of the mother_re. This change might fix
1746 bugs with regexps and threads in certain other situations, but as
1747 yet neither tests nor bug reports have indicated any problems, so
1748 it might not actually be an edge case that it's possible to reach.
1749 • Several compilation errors and segfaults when perl was built with
1751 "-Dmad" were fixed.
1752 • Fixes for lexer API changes in 5.11.2 which broke NYTProf's savesrc
1754 option.
1755 • "-t" should only return TRUE for file handles connected to a TTY
1757 The Microsoft C version of isatty() returns TRUE for all character
1759 mode devices, including the /dev/null-style "nul" device and
1760 printers like "lpt1".
1761 • Fixed a regression caused by commit fafafbaf which caused a panic
1763 during parameter passing [perl #70171]
1764 • On systems which in-place edits without backup files, -i'*' now
1766 works as the documentation says it does [perl #70802]
1767 • Saving and restoring magic flags no longer loses readonly flag.
1769 • The malformed syntax "grep EXPR LIST" (note the missing comma) no
1771 longer causes abrupt and total failure.
1772 • Regular expressions compiled with "qr{}" literals properly set "$'"
1774 when matching again.
1775 • Using named subroutines with "sort" should no longer lead to bus
1777 errors [perl #71076]
1778 • Numerous bugfixes catch small issues caused by the recently-added
1780 Lexer API.
1781 • Smart match against @_ sometimes gave false negatives. [perl
1783 #71078]
1784 • $@ may now be assigned a read-only value (without error or busting
1786 the stack).
1787 • "sort" called recursively from within an active comparison
1789 subroutine no longer causes a bus error if run multiple times.
1790 [perl #71076]
1791 • Tie::Hash::NamedCapture::* will not abort if passed bad input (RT
1793 #71828)
1794 • @_ and $_ no longer leak under threads (RT #34342 and #41138, also
1796 #70602, #70974)
1797 • "-I" on shebang line now adds directories in front of @INC as
1799 documented, and as does "-I" when specified on the command-line.
1800 • "kill" is now fatal when called on non-numeric process identifiers.
1802 Previously, an "undef" process identifier would be interpreted as a
1803 request to kill process 0, which would terminate the current
1804 process group on POSIX systems. Since process identifiers are
1805 always integers, killing a non-numeric process is now fatal.
1806 • 5.10.0 inadvertently disabled an optimisation, which caused a
1808 measurable performance drop in list assignment, such as is often
1809 used to assign function parameters from @_. The optimisation has
1810 been re-instated, and the performance regression fixed. (This fix
1811 is also present in 5.10.1)
1812 • Fixed memory leak on "while (1) { map 1, 1 }" [RT #53038].
1814 • Some potential coredumps in PerlIO fixed [RT #57322,54828].
1816 • The debugger now works with lvalue subroutines.
1818 • The debugger's "m" command was broken on modules that defined
1820 constants [RT #61222].
1821 • "crypt" and string complement could return tainted values for
1823 untainted arguments [RT #59998].
1824 • The "-i".suffix command-line switch now recreates the file using
1826 restricted permissions, before changing its mode to match the
1827 original file. This eliminates a potential race condition [RT
1828 #60904].
1829 • On some Unix systems, the value in $? would not have the top bit
1831 set ("$? & 128") even if the child core dumped.
1832 • Under some circumstances, $^R could incorrectly become undefined
1834 [RT #57042].
1835 • In the XS API, various hash functions, when passed a pre-computed
1837 hash where the key is UTF-8, might result in an incorrect lookup.
1838 • XS code including XSUB.h before perl.h gave a compile-time error
1840 [RT #57176].
1841 • "$object->isa('Foo')" would report false if the package "Foo"
1843 didn't exist, even if the object's @ISA contained "Foo".
1844 • Various bugs in the new-to 5.10.0 mro code, triggered by
1846 manipulating @ISA, have been found and fixed.
1847 • Bitwise operations on references could crash the interpreter, e.g.
1849 "$x=\$y; $x |= "foo"" [RT #54956].
1850 • Patterns including alternation might be sensitive to the internal
1852 UTF-8 representation, e.g.
1853 my $byte = chr(192);
1855 my $utf8 = chr(192); utf8::upgrade($utf8);
1856 $utf8 =~ /$byte|X}/i; # failed in 5.10.0
1857 • Within UTF8-encoded Perl source files (i.e. where "use utf8" is in
1859 effect), double-quoted literal strings could be corrupted where a
1860 "\xNN", "\0NNN" or "\N{}" is followed by a literal character with
1861 ordinal value greater than 255 [RT #59908].
1862 • "B::Deparse" failed to correctly deparse various constructs:
1864 "readpipe STRING" [RT #62428], CORE::require(STRING) [RT #62488],
1865 "sub foo(_)" [RT #62484].
1866 • Using "setpgrp" with no arguments could corrupt the perl stack.
1868 • The block form of "eval" is now specifically trappable by "Safe"
1870 and "ops". Previously it was erroneously treated like string
1871 "eval".
1872 • In 5.10.0, the two characters "[~" were sometimes parsed as the
1874 smart match operator ("~~") [RT #63854].
1875 • In 5.10.0, the "*" quantifier in patterns was sometimes treated as
1877 "{0,32767}" [RT #60034, #60464]. For example, this match would
1878 fail:
1879 ("ab" x 32768) =~ /^(ab)*$/
1881 • "shmget" was limited to a 32 bit segment size on a 64 bit OS [RT
1883 #63924].
1884 • Using "next" or "last" to exit a "given" block no longer produces a
1886 spurious warning like the following:
1887 Exiting given via last at foo.pl line 123
1889 • Assigning a format to a glob could corrupt the format; e.g.:
1891 *bar=*foo{FORMAT}; # foo format now bad
1893 • Attempting to coerce a typeglob to a string or number could cause
1895 an assertion failure. The correct error message is now generated,
1896 "Can't coerce GLOB to $type".
1897 • Under "use filetest 'access'", "-x" was using the wrong access
1899 mode. This has been fixed [RT #49003].
1900 • "length" on a tied scalar that returned a Unicode value would not
1902 be correct the first time. This has been fixed.
1903 • Using an array "tie" inside in array "tie" could SEGV. This has
1905 been fixed. [RT #51636]
1906 • A race condition inside PerlIOStdio_close() has been identified and
1908 fixed. This used to cause various threading issues, including
1909 SEGVs.
1910 • In "unpack", the use of "()" groups in scalar context was
1912 internally placing a list on the interpreter's stack, which
1913 manifested in various ways, including SEGVs. This is now fixed [RT
1914 #50256].
1915 • Magic was called twice in "substr", "\&$x", "tie $x, $m" and
1917 "chop". These have all been fixed.
1918 • A 5.10.0 optimisation to clear the temporary stack within the
1920 implicit loop of "s///ge" has been reverted, as it turned out to be
1921 the cause of obscure bugs in seemingly unrelated parts of the
1922 interpreter [commit ef0d4e17921ee3de].
1923 • The line numbers for warnings inside "elsif" are now correct.
1925 • The ".." operator now works correctly with ranges whose ends are at
1927 or close to the values of the smallest and largest integers.
1928 • "binmode STDIN, ':raw'" could lead to segmentation faults on some
1930 platforms. This has been fixed [RT #54828].
1931 • An off-by-one error meant that "index $str, ..." was effectively
1933 being executed as "index "$str\0", ...". This has been fixed [RT
1934 #53746].
1935 • Various leaks associated with named captures in regexes have been
1937 fixed [RT #57024].
1938 • A weak reference to a hash would leak. This was affecting "DBI" [RT
1940 #56908].
1941 • Using (?|) in a regex could cause a segfault [RT #59734].
1943 • Use of a UTF-8 "tr//" within a closure could cause a segfault [RT
1945 #61520].
1946 • Calling Perl_sv_chop() or otherwise upgrading an SV could result in
1948 an unaligned 64-bit access on the SPARC architecture [RT #60574].
1949 • In the 5.10.0 release, "inc_version_list" would incorrectly list
1951 "5.10.*" after "5.8.*"; this affected the @INC search order [RT
1952 #67628].
1953 • In 5.10.0, "pack "a*", $tainted_value" returned a non-tainted value
1955 [RT #52552].
1956 • In 5.10.0, "printf" and "sprintf" could produce the fatal error
1958 "panic: utf8_mg_pos_cache_update" when printing UTF-8 strings [RT
1959 #62666].
1960 • In the 5.10.0 release, a dynamically created "AUTOLOAD" method
1962 might be missed (method cache issue) [RT #60220,60232].
1963 • In the 5.10.0 release, a combination of "use feature" and "//ee"
1965 could cause a memory leak [RT #63110].
1966 • "-C" on the shebang ("#!") line is once more permitted if it is
1968 also specified on the command line. "-C" on the shebang line used
1969 to be a silent no-op if it was not also on the command line, so
1970 perl 5.10.0 disallowed it, which broke some scripts. Now perl
1971 checks whether it is also on the command line and only dies if it
1972 is not [RT #67880].
1973 • In 5.10.0, certain types of re-entrant regular expression could
1975 crash, or cause the following assertion failure [RT #60508]:
1976 Assertion rx->sublen >= (s - rx->subbeg) + i failed
1978 • Perl now includes previously missing files from the Unicode
1980 Character Database.
1981 • Perl now honors "TMPDIR" when opening an anonymous temporary file.
1983
1985 Perl is incredibly portable. In general, if a platform has a C
1986 compiler, someone has ported Perl to it (or will soon). We're happy to
1987 announce that Perl 5.12 includes support for several new platforms. At
1988 the same time, it's time to bid farewell to some (very) old friends.
1989 New Platforms
1991 Haiku
1992 Perl's developers have merged patches from Haiku's maintainers.
1993 Perl should now build on Haiku.
1994 MirOS BSD
1996 Perl should now build on MirOS BSD.
1997 Discontinued Platforms
1999 Domain/OS
2000 MiNT
2001 Tenon MachTen
2002 Updated Platforms
2004 AIX
2005 • Removed libbsd for AIX 5L and 6.1. Only flock() was used from
2006 libbsd.
2007 • Removed libgdbm for AIX 5L and 6.1 if libgdbm < 1.8.3-5 is
2009 installed. The libgdbm is delivered as an optional package
2010 with the AIX Toolbox. Unfortunately the versions below 1.8.3-5
2011 are broken.
2012 • Hints changes mean that AIX 4.2 should work again.
2014 Cygwin
2016 • Perl now supports IPv6 on Cygwin 1.7 and newer.
2017 • On Cygwin we now strip the last number from the DLL. This has
2019 been the behaviour in the cygwin.com build for years. The hints
2020 files have been updated.
2021 Darwin (Mac OS X)
2023 • Skip testing the be_BY.CP1131 locale on Darwin 10 (Mac OS X
2024 10.6), as it's still buggy.
2025 • Correct infelicities in the regexp used to identify buggy
2027 locales on Darwin 8 and 9 (Mac OS X 10.4 and 10.5,
2028 respectively).
2029 DragonFly BSD
2031 • Fix thread library selection [perl #69686]
2032 FreeBSD
2034 • The hints files now identify the correct threading libraries on
2035 FreeBSD 7 and later.
2036 Irix
2038 • We now work around a bizarre preprocessor bug in the Irix 6.5
2039 compiler: "cc -E -" unfortunately goes into K&R mode, but "cc
2040 -E file.c" doesn't.
2041 NetBSD
2043 • Hints now supports versions 5.*.
2044 OpenVMS
2046 • "-UDEBUGGING" is now the default on VMS.
2047 Like it has been everywhere else for ages and ages. Also make
2049 command-line selection of -UDEBUGGING and -DDEBUGGING work in
2050 configure.com; before the only way to turn it off was by saying
2051 no in answer to the interactive question.
2052 • The default pipe buffer size on VMS has been updated to 8192 on
2054 64-bit systems.
2055 • Reads from the in-memory temporary files of "PerlIO::scalar"
2057 used to fail if $/ was set to a numeric reference (to indicate
2058 record-style reads). This is now fixed.
2059 • VMS now supports "getgrgid".
2061 • Many improvements and cleanups have been made to the VMS file
2063 name handling and conversion code.
2064 • Enabling the "PERL_VMS_POSIX_EXIT" logical name now encodes a
2066 POSIX exit status in a VMS condition value for better
2067 interaction with GNV's bash shell and other utilities that
2068 depend on POSIX exit values. See "$?" in perlvms for details.
2069 • "File::Copy" now detects Unix compatibility mode on VMS.
2071 Stratus VOS
2073 • Various changes from Stratus have been merged in.
2074 Symbian
2076 • There is now support for Symbian S60 3.2 SDK and S60 5.0 SDK.
2077 Windows
2079 • Perl 5.12 supports Windows 2000 and later. The supporting code
2080 for legacy versions of Windows is still included, but will be
2081 removed during the next development cycle.
2082 • Initial support for building Perl with MinGW-w64 is now
2084 available.
2085 • perl.exe now includes a manifest resource to specify the
2087 "trustInfo" settings for Windows Vista and later. Without this
2088 setting Windows would treat perl.exe as a legacy application
2089 and apply various heuristics like redirecting access to
2090 protected file system areas (like the "Program Files" folder)
2091 to the users "VirtualStore" instead of generating a proper
2092 "permission denied" error.
2093 The manifest resource also requests the Microsoft Common-
2095 Controls version 6.0 (themed controls introduced in Windows
2096 XP). Check out the Win32::VisualStyles module on CPAN to
2097 switch back to old style unthemed controls for legacy
2098 applications.
2099 • The "-t" filetest operator now only returns true if the
2101 filehandle is connected to a console window. In previous
2102 versions of Perl it would return true for all character mode
2103 devices, including NUL and LPT1.
2104 • The "-p" filetest operator now works correctly, and the
2106 Fcntl::S_IFIFO constant is defined when Perl is compiled with
2107 Microsoft Visual C. In previous Perl versions "-p" always
2108 returned a false value, and the Fcntl::S_IFIFO constant was not
2109 defined.
2110 This bug is specific to Microsoft Visual C and never affected
2112 Perl binaries built with MinGW.
2113 • The socket error codes are now more widely supported: The
2115 POSIX module will define the symbolic names, like
2116 POSIX::EWOULDBLOCK, and stringification of socket error codes
2117 in $! works as well now;
2118 C:\>perl -MPOSIX -E "$!=POSIX::EWOULDBLOCK; say $!"
2120 A non-blocking socket operation could not be completed immediately.
2121 • flock() will now set sensible error codes in $!. Previous Perl
2123 versions copied the value of $^E into $!, which caused much
2124 confusion.
2125 • select() now supports all empty "fd_set"s more correctly.
2127 • '.\foo' and '..\foo' were treated differently than './foo' and
2129 '../foo' by "do" and "require" [RT #63492].
2130 • Improved message window handling means that "alarm" and "kill"
2132 messages will no longer be dropped under race conditions.
2133 • Various bits of Perl's build infrastructure are no longer
2135 converted to win32 line endings at release time. If this hurts
2136 you, please report the problem with the perlbug program
2137 included with perl.
2138
2140 This is a list of some significant unfixed bugs, which are regressions
2141 from either 5.10.x or 5.8.x.
2142 • Some CPANPLUS tests may fail if there is a functioning file
2144 ../../cpanp-run-perl outside your build directory. The failure
2145 shouldn't imply there's a problem with the actual functional
2146 software. The bug is already fixed in [RT #74188] and is scheduled
2147 for inclusion in perl-v5.12.1.
2148 • "List::Util::first" misbehaves in the presence of a lexical $_
2150 (typically introduced by "my $_" or implicitly by "given"). The
2151 variable which gets set for each iteration is the package variable
2152 $_, not the lexical $_ [RT #67694].
2153 A similar issue may occur in other modules that provide functions
2155 which take a block as their first argument, like
2156 foo { ... $_ ...} list
2158 • Some regexes may run much more slowly when run in a child thread
2160 compared with the thread the pattern was compiled into [RT #55600].
2161 • Things like ""\N{LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FF}" =~ /\N{LATIN SMALL
2163 LETTER F}+/" will appear to hang as they get into a very long
2164 running loop [RT #72998].
2165 • Several porters have reported mysterious crashes when Perl's entire
2167 test suite is run after a build on certain Windows 2000 systems.
2168 When run by hand, the individual tests reportedly work fine.
2169
2171 • This one is actually a change introduced in 5.10.0, but it was
2172 missed from that release's perldelta, so it is mentioned here
2173 instead.
2174 A bugfix related to the handling of the "/m" modifier and "qr"
2176 resulted in a change of behaviour between 5.8.x and 5.10.0:
2177 # matches in 5.8.x, doesn't match in 5.10.0
2179 $re = qr/^bar/; "foo\nbar" =~ /$re/m;
2180
2182 Perl 5.12.0 represents approximately two years of development since
2183 Perl 5.10.0 and contains over 750,000 lines of changes across over
2184 3,000 files from over 200 authors and committers.
2185 Perl continues to flourish into its third decade thanks to a vibrant
2187 community of users and developers. The following people are known to
2188 have contributed the improvements that became Perl 5.12.0:
2189 Aaron Crane, Abe Timmerman, Abhijit Menon-Sen, Abigail, Adam Russell,
2191 Adriano Ferreira, Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Alan Grover, Alexandr
2192 Ciornii, Alex Davies, Alex Vandiver, Andreas Koenig, Andrew Rodland,
2193 andrew@sundale.net, Andy Armstrong, Andy Dougherty, Jose AUGUSTE-
2194 ETIENNE, Benjamin Smith, Ben Morrow, bharanee rathna, Bo Borgerson, Bo
2195 Lindbergh, Brad Gilbert, Bram, Brendan O'Dea, brian d foy, Charles
2196 Bailey, Chip Salzenberg, Chris 'BinGOs' Williams, Christoph Lamprecht,
2197 Chris Williams, chromatic, Claes Jakobsson, Craig A. Berry, Dan
2198 Dascalescu, Daniel Frederick Crisman, Daniel M. Quinlan, Dan Jacobson,
2199 Dan Kogai, Dave Mitchell, Dave Rolsky, David Cantrell, David Dick,
2200 David Golden, David Mitchell, David M. Syzdek, David Nicol, David
2201 Wheeler, Dennis Kaarsemaker, Dintelmann, Peter, Dominic Dunlop,
2202 Dr.Ruud, Duke Leto, Enrico Sorcinelli, Eric Brine, Father Chrysostomos,
2203 Florian Ragwitz, Frank Wiegand, Gabor Szabo, Gene Sullivan, Geoffrey T.
2204 Dairiki, George Greer, Gerard Goossen, Gisle Aas, Goro Fuji, Graham
2205 Barr, Green, Paul, Hans Dieter Pearcey, Harmen, H. Merijn Brand, Hugo
2206 van der Sanden, Ian Goodacre, Igor Sutton, Ingo Weinhold, James Bence,
2207 James Mastros, Jan Dubois, Jari Aalto, Jarkko Hietaniemi, Jay Hannah,
2208 Jerry Hedden, Jesse Vincent, Jim Cromie, Jody Belka, John E. Malmberg,
2209 John Malmberg, John Peacock, John Peacock via RT, John P. Linderman,
2210 John Wright, Josh ben Jore, Jos I. Boumans, Karl Williamson, Kenichi
2211 Ishigaki, Ken Williams, Kevin Brintnall, Kevin Ryde, Kurt Starsinic,
2212 Leon Brocard, Lubomir Rintel, Luke Ross, Marcel Grünauer, Marcus
2213 Holland-Moritz, Mark Jason Dominus, Marko Asplund, Martin Hasch,
2214 Mashrab Kuvatov, Matt Kraai, Matt S Trout, Max Maischein, Michael
2215 Breen, Michael Cartmell, Michael G Schwern, Michael Witten, Mike
2216 Giroux, Milosz Tanski, Moritz Lenz, Nicholas Clark, Nick Cleaton, Niko
2217 Tyni, Offer Kaye, Osvaldo Villalon, Paul Fenwick, Paul Gaborit, Paul
2218 Green, Paul Johnson, Paul Marquess, Philip Hazel, Philippe Bruhat,
2219 Rafael Garcia-Suarez, Rainer Tammer, Rajesh Mandalemula, Reini Urban,
2220 Renée Bäcker, Ricardo Signes, Ricardo SIGNES, Richard Foley, Rich
2221 Rauenzahn, Rick Delaney, Risto Kankkunen, Robert May, Roberto C.
2222 Sanchez, Robin Barker, SADAHIRO Tomoyuki, Salvador Ortiz Garcia, Sam
2223 Vilain, Scott Lanning, Sébastien Aperghis-Tramoni, Sérgio Durigan
2224 Júnior, Shlomi Fish, Simon 'corecode' Schubert, Sisyphus, Slaven Rezic,
2225 Smylers, Steffen Müller, Steffen Ullrich, Stepan Kasal, Steve Hay,
2226 Steven Schubiger, Steve Peters, Tels, The Doctor, Tim Bunce, Tim
2227 Jenness, Todd Rinaldo, Tom Christiansen, Tom Hukins, Tom Wyant, Tony
2228 Cook, Torsten Schoenfeld, Tye McQueen, Vadim Konovalov, Vincent Pit,
2229 Hio YAMASHINA, Yasuhiro Matsumoto, Yitzchak Scott-Thoennes, Yuval
2230 Kogman, Yves Orton, Zefram, Zsban Ambrus
2231 This is woefully incomplete as it's automatically generated from
2233 version control history. In particular, it doesn't include the names
2234 of the (very much appreciated) contributors who reported issues in
2235 previous versions of Perl that helped make Perl 5.12.0 better. For a
2236 more complete list of all of Perl's historical contributors, please see
2237 the "AUTHORS" file in the Perl 5.12.0 distribution.
2238 Our "retired" pumpkings Nicholas Clark and Rafael Garcia-Suarez deserve
2240 special thanks for their brilliant and substantive ongoing
2241 contributions. Nicholas personally authored over 30% of the patches
2242 since 5.10.0. Rafael comes in second in patch authorship with 11%, but
2243 is first by a long shot in committing patches authored by others,
2244 pushing 44% of the commits since 5.10.0 in this category, often after
2245 providing considerable coaching to the patch authors. These statistics
2246 in no way comprise all of their contributions, but express in shorthand
2247 that we couldn't have done it without them.
2248 Many of the changes included in this version originated in the CPAN
2250 modules included in Perl's core. We're grateful to the entire CPAN
2251 community for helping Perl to flourish.
2252
2254 If you find what you think is a bug, you might check the articles
2255 recently posted to the comp.lang.perl.misc newsgroup and the perl bug
2256 database at <http://rt.perl.org/perlbug/>. There may also be
2257 information at <http://www.perl.org/>, the Perl Home Page.
2258 If you believe you have an unreported bug, please run the perlbug
2260 program included with your release. Be sure to trim your bug down to a
2261 tiny but sufficient test case. Your bug report, along with the output
2262 of "perl -V", will be sent off to perlbug@perl.org to be analyzed by
2263 the Perl porting team.
2264 If the bug you are reporting has security implications, which make it
2266 inappropriate to send to a publicly archived mailing list, then please
2267 send it to perl5-security-report@perl.org. This points to a closed
2268 subscription unarchived mailing list, which includes all the core
2269 committers, who will be able to help assess the impact of issues,
2270 figure out a resolution, and help co-ordinate the release of patches to
2271 mitigate or fix the problem across all platforms on which Perl is
2272 supported. Please only use this address for security issues in the Perl
2273 core, not for modules independently distributed on CPAN.
2274
2276 The Changes file for an explanation of how to view exhaustive details
2277 on what changed.
2278 The INSTALL file for how to build Perl.
2280 The README file for general stuff.
2282 The Artistic and Copying files for copyright information.
2284 <http://dev.perl.org/perl5/errata.html> for a list of issues found
2286 after this release, as well as a list of CPAN modules known to be
2287 incompatible with this release.
2288perl v5.38.2 2023-11-30 PERL5120DELTA(1)