1OPENSSL-DGST(1ossl) OpenSSL OPENSSL-DGST(1ossl)
2
6 openssl-dgst - perform digest operations
7
9 openssl dgst|digest [-digest] [-list] [-help] [-c] [-d] [-debug] [-hex]
10 [-binary] [-xoflen length] [-r] [-out filename] [-sign filename|uri]
11 [-keyform DER|PEM|P12|ENGINE] [-passin arg] [-verify filename]
12 [-prverify filename] [-signature filename] [-sigopt nm:v] [-hmac key]
13 [-mac alg] [-macopt nm:v] [-fips-fingerprint] [-engine id]
14 [-engine_impl id] [-rand files] [-writerand file] [-provider name]
15 [-provider-path path] [-propquery propq] [file ...]
16
18 This command output the message digest of a supplied file or files in
19 hexadecimal, and also generates and verifies digital signatures using
20 message digests.
21 The generic name, openssl dgst, may be used with an option specifying
23 the algorithm to be used. The default digest is sha256. A supported
24 digest name may also be used as the sub-command name. To see the list
25 of supported algorithms, use "openssl list -digest-algorithms"
26
28 -help
29 Print out a usage message.
30 -digest
32 Specifies name of a supported digest to be used. See option -list
33 below :
34 -list
36 Prints out a list of supported message digests.
37 -c Print out the digest in two digit groups separated by colons, only
39 relevant if the -hex option is given as well.
40 -d, -debug
42 Print out BIO debugging information.
43 -hex
45 Digest is to be output as a hex dump. This is the default case for
46 a "normal" digest as opposed to a digital signature. See NOTES
47 below for digital signatures using -hex.
48 -binary
50 Output the digest or signature in binary form.
51 -xoflen length
53 Set the output length for XOF algorithms, such as shake128 and
54 shake256. This option is not supported for signing operations.
55 For OpenSSL providers it is recommended to set this value for shake
57 algorithms, since the default values are set to only supply half of
58 the maximum security strength.
59 For backwards compatibility reasons the default xoflen length for
61 shake128 is 16 (bytes) which results in a security strength of only
62 64 bits. To ensure the maximum security strength of 128 bits, the
63 xoflen should be set to at least 32.
64 For backwards compatibility reasons the default xoflen length for
66 shake256 is 32 (bytes) which results in a security strength of only
67 128 bits. To ensure the maximum security strength of 256 bits, the
68 xoflen should be set to at least 64.
69 -r Output the digest in the "coreutils" format, including newlines.
71 Used by programs like sha1sum(1).
72 -out filename
74 Filename to output to, or standard output by default.
75 -sign filename|uri
77 Digitally sign the digest using the given private key. Note this
78 option does not support Ed25519 or Ed448 private keys. Use the
79 openssl-pkeyutl(1) command instead for this.
80 -keyform DER|PEM|P12|ENGINE
82 The format of the key to sign with; unspecified by default. See
83 openssl-format-options(1) for details.
84 -sigopt nm:v
86 Pass options to the signature algorithm during sign or verify
87 operations. Names and values of these options are algorithm-
88 specific.
89 -passin arg
91 The private key password source. For more information about the
92 format of arg see openssl-passphrase-options(1).
93 -verify filename
95 Verify the signature using the public key in "filename". The
96 output is either "Verified OK" or "Verification Failure".
97 -prverify filename
99 Verify the signature using the private key in "filename".
100 -signature filename
102 The actual signature to verify.
103 -hmac key
105 Create a hashed MAC using "key".
106 The openssl-mac(1) command should be preferred to using this
108 command line option.
109 -mac alg
111 Create MAC (keyed Message Authentication Code). The most popular
112 MAC algorithm is HMAC (hash-based MAC), but there are other MAC
113 algorithms which are not based on hash, for instance gost-mac
114 algorithm, supported by the gost engine. MAC keys and other options
115 should be set via -macopt parameter.
116 The openssl-mac(1) command should be preferred to using this
118 command line option.
119 -macopt nm:v
121 Passes options to MAC algorithm, specified by -mac key. Following
122 options are supported by both by HMAC and gost-mac:
123 key:string
125 Specifies MAC key as alphanumeric string (use if key contain
126 printable characters only). String length must conform to any
127 restrictions of the MAC algorithm for example exactly 32 chars
128 for gost-mac.
129 hexkey:string
131 Specifies MAC key in hexadecimal form (two hex digits per
132 byte). Key length must conform to any restrictions of the MAC
133 algorithm for example exactly 32 chars for gost-mac.
134 The openssl-mac(1) command should be preferred to using this
136 command line option.
137 -fips-fingerprint
139 Compute HMAC using a specific key for certain OpenSSL-FIPS
140 operations.
141 -rand files, -writerand file
143 See "Random State Options" in openssl(1) for details.
144 -engine id
146 See "Engine Options" in openssl(1). This option is deprecated.
147 The engine is not used for digests unless the -engine_impl option
149 is used or it is configured to do so, see "Engine Configuration
150 Module" in config(5).
151 -engine_impl id
153 When used with the -engine option, it specifies to also use engine
154 id for digest operations.
155 -provider name
157 -provider-path path
158 -propquery propq
159 See "Provider Options" in openssl(1), provider(7), and property(7).
160 file ...
162 File or files to digest. If no files are specified then standard
163 input is used.
164
166 To create a hex-encoded message digest of a file:
167 openssl dgst -md5 -hex file.txt
169 or
170 openssl md5 file.txt
171 To sign a file using SHA-256 with binary file output:
173 openssl dgst -sha256 -sign privatekey.pem -out signature.sign file.txt
175 or
176 openssl sha256 -sign privatekey.pem -out signature.sign file.txt
177 To verify a signature:
179 openssl dgst -sha256 -verify publickey.pem \
181 -signature signature.sign \
182 file.txt
183
185 The digest mechanisms that are available will depend on the options
186 used when building OpenSSL. The "openssl list -digest-algorithms"
187 command can be used to list them.
188 New or agile applications should use probably use SHA-256. Other
190 digests, particularly SHA-1 and MD5, are still widely used for
191 interoperating with existing formats and protocols.
192 When signing a file, this command will automatically determine the
194 algorithm (RSA, ECC, etc) to use for signing based on the private key's
195 ASN.1 info. When verifying signatures, it only handles the RSA, DSA,
196 or ECDSA signature itself, not the related data to identify the signer
197 and algorithm used in formats such as x.509, CMS, and S/MIME.
198 A source of random numbers is required for certain signing algorithms,
200 in particular ECDSA and DSA.
201 The signing and verify options should only be used if a single file is
203 being signed or verified.
204 Hex signatures cannot be verified using openssl. Instead, use "xxd -r"
206 or similar program to transform the hex signature into a binary
207 signature prior to verification.
208 The openssl-mac(1) command is preferred over the -hmac, -mac and
210 -macopt command line options.
211
213 openssl-mac(1)
214
216 The default digest was changed from MD5 to SHA256 in OpenSSL 1.1.0.
217 The FIPS-related options were removed in OpenSSL 1.1.0.
218 The -engine and -engine_impl options were deprecated in OpenSSL 3.0.
220
222 Copyright 2000-2022 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
223 Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License"). You may not use
225 this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy
226 in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
227 <https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.
2283.1.1 2023-08-31 OPENSSL-DGST(1ossl)